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The Gaseous State Victoria J unior College

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Victoria Junior College
The Gaseous State Supplementary Qn(s) (2014)

Section A

Q1 A sample of m g of an organic compound is vaporised in a gas syringe and occupies V
cm
3
at T K and P atm.

What is the relative molecular mass of the compound, M
r
?

A
273
22400


=
V P
T m
M
r

B
273
) 273 ( 22400

+
=
V P
T m
M
r

C
T V
P m
M
r


=
273 22400

D
) 273 (
273 22400
+

=
T V
P m
M
r
[N00/III/6]
Ans: A


Q2 A 2 g sample of hydrogen at temperature T and of volume V exerts a pressure P.
Deuterium, H
2
1
, is an isotope of hydrogen.

Which of the following would also exert a pressure P at the same temperature T?

A 2 g of deuterium of volume V
B 4 g of deuterium of volume V/2
C a mixture of 1 g of hydrogen and 2 g of deuterium of total volume V
D a mixture of 2 g of hydrogen and 1 g of deuterium of total volume 2V
[J 98/III/8]
Ans: C

Section B

Q3 The Gas Laws can be summarized in the ideal gas equation PV =nRT, where each
symbol has its usual meaning.

Which of the following statements are correct?

1 One mole of any ideal gas occupies the same volume under the same
conditions of temperature and pressure.
2 The density of an ideal gas at constant pressure is inversely proportional to the
temperature.
3 The volume of a given mass of an ideal gas is doubled if its temperature is
raised from 25
o
C to 50
o
C at constant pressure.
[N92/IV/31]
The Gaseous State Victoria J unior College

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Ans: B (1 & 2 onl y)

Q4 Which of the following diagrams correctly describe the behaviour of a fixed mass of an
ideal gas?
[P, V and T denote pressure, volume and temperature respectively.]

1 2 3









Ans: B (1 & 2 onl y)

Q5 S and Q are ideal gases that do not react together. The mass of 1 mol of S is four
times that of Q. It follows from kinetic theory that at standard temperature and
pressure,

1 the average kinetic energy of a molecule of S is equal to that of a molecule of Q.
2 the mass of 1 dm
3
of S is four times that of 1 dm
3
of Q.
3 on mixing 1 dm
3
of S with 1 dm
3
of Q, the partial pressure of each gas in the
mixture will be 50 kPa (0.5 atm)
[N86/III/32]
Ans: A (1, 2 and 3)
1: Average kinetic energy is dependent on temperature onl y.
2: Under identical conditions (constant T and P), different gases with the same
volume have the same amount of gas molecules ( n V ).
3: A total volume of 2 dm
3
is obtained on mixing 1 dm
3
of each gas. Since total
pressure = 1 atm (standard pressure), partial pressure of each gas is 0.5 atm.


Section C

Q6 The density of ice is 1.00 g cm
-3
. What is the volume of steam produced when 1 cm
3

of ice is heated to 323
o
C at a pressure of one atmosphere (101 kPa)?
[1 mole of a gas occupies 24.0 dm
3
at 25
o
C and one atmosphere.]

Solution:

00 1 1 00 1
2
. . = =
O H
m g
0556 0 =
0 16 + 0 2
00 1
=
2
.
. .
.
O H
n mol

O H
V
2
at 25 C 33 1 = 0 24 0556 0 = . . . dm
3
T
PV
constant V
constant V
1/T
P
constant P
T
V
The Gaseous State Victoria J unior College

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O H
V
2
at 323 C 67 2 = 33 1
273 + 25
273 + 323
= . . dm
3


Q7 A 5.0 dm
3
sample of oxygen at a pressure of 200 kPa and 2.0 dm
3
sample of nitrogen
at a pressure of 500 kPa are introduced into a 2.5 dm
3
vessel. What is the total
pressure in the vessel?


Solution:
Total pressure =
5 2
500 0 2
5 2
200 0 5
.
.
.
.
+

= 800 kPa



Q8 The volume of 1 mol of carbon dioxide was measured at various pressures but at a
constant temperature of 285 K. The following results were obtained.

pressure, p / Pa volume, V / m
3
Pressure x volume, pV
/ m
3
Pa
4.0 x 10
5
5.80 x 10
-3
2320
8.0 x 10
5
2.85 x 10
-3

15.0 x 10
5
1.46 x 10
-3

20.0 x 10
5
1.07 x 10
-3


(i) Complete the calculations for the third column and use these data to plot a graph
of the product pV against pressure p.
(ii) State how the value of the product pV should change with pressure for an ideal
gas.
(iii) Use the graph to calculate the volume of 1 mol of carbon dioxide at a pressure
of 10 x 10
5
Pa. Calculate the volume at 285 K that the ideal gas equation
predicts for this pressure and comment on the difference between the two
values. [J 00/I/2]

Solution:(i)
pressure, p / Pa volume, V / m
3
Pressure x volume, pV
/ m
3
Pa
4.0 x 10
5
5.80 x 10
-3
2320
8.0 x 10
5
2.85 x 10
-3
2280
15.0 x 10
5
1.46 x 10
-3
2190
20.0 x 10
5
1.07 x 10
-3
2140

The Gaseous State Victoria J unior College

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(ii) For an ideal gas, pV should remain constant with increase in pressure.
(iii) From the graph, at 10 x 10
5
Pa, pV = 2250
V =
5
10 10
2250

= 2.25 x 10
-3
m
3

Using ideal gas equation, pV = nRT
285 31 8 1 10 10
5
= . ) ( V
V
ideal
= 2.37 x 10
-3
m
3
V
ideal
> V
real
.

Q9 Cylinders of pressurized carbon dioxide are used to produce carbonated drinks. One
such cylinder has an internal volume of 2.5 dm
3
and contains 2.3 kg of carbon dioxide.

(i) Calculate the amount of carbon dioxide (in moles) in the cylinder.
(ii) Using the ideal gas equation PV=nRT, calculate the pressure (in pascals) the
carbon dioxide would exert inside the cylinder at room temperature (298 K).
(iii) A glass of cola is fizzy because carbon dioxide has been dissolved in it under
pressure. When the cola is poured out of a can, the carbon dioxide is gradually
released as bubbles of gas. The cola will eventually go flat, as the concentration
of dissolved carbon dioxide decreases to its saturation level.
A 500 cm
3
can of cola has 2.0 g of carbon dioxide dissolved in it under
pressure. Calculate the volume of carbon dioxide that is released to the
atmosphere as it goes flat.
[A saturated solution of carbon dioxide at room temperature contains 1.5 g dm
-3
.
Assume carbon dioxide behaves as an ideal gas under these conditions.]
[N03/III/1(c)]
Solution:
(i) 3 . 52
0 . 44
10 3 . 2
3
2
=

=
CO
n mol

(ii) Using PV = nRT,
298 31 . 8 3 . 52 ) 10 5 . 2 (
3
=

P
2100
2150
2200
2250
2300
2350
0 5 10 15 20 25
p
V

/

m
3

P
a

pressure, p x 10
5
/ Pa
Graph of pV against p
The Gaseous State Victoria J unior College

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P = 5.18 x 10
7
Pa

(iii) At saturation level,

mass of CO
2
dissolved in cola = 1.5 x (500 x 10
-3
) = 0.75 g

mass of CO
2
released to atmosphere = 2.0 0.75 = 1.25 g

Using PV = nRT,
RT
M
m
PV =
298 31 8
0 44
25 1
10 01 1
5
= .
.
.
) . ( V
V = 6.97 x 10
-4
m
3
= 0.697 dm
3




Numerical Answers for Supplementary Questions
Q1 A Q2 C Q3 B
Q4 B Q5 A Q6 2.67 dm
3

Q7 800 kPa Q8 i) 2280, 2190, 2140
ii) constant
iii) V
real
=2.25 x 10
-3
m
3

V
ideal
=2.73 x 10
-3
m
3

Q9 i) 52.3 mol
ii) 5.18 x 10
7
Pa
iii) 0.697 dm
3



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