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Topic 3: Environment

What are the main sources of environmental pollution today? What are its results?
What can individuals (locally) do to protect the environment?
What can governments do (on a more global scale) to protect the environment?
Are you eco-conscious? o! do you protect the environment at home" in your surroundings?
#$%&'E() A*+ ,%*)E-.E*,E)
There is very heavy !ater and air pollution/ There are many !aste incinerators and factories !hich produce much
ha0ardous !aste/ They emit to1ic li2uids into the rivers and fumes into the air/ ,ars and other means of transport also
produce many dangerous gases 3 so many greenhouse gases get into the atmosphere !hich trap the heat/ As a result3
there is global !arming: sea levels rise3 icecaps melt3 there !ill be natural disasters li4e droughts and tsunamis/ Acid
rains ruin the forests and threaten !ildlife/
5n many countries3 there are really serious problems in our natural environment because of deforestation (rainforests
are chopped do!n) !hich threatens bio-diversity/ Animals lose their natural habitat3 and some endangered species
disappear forever as they become e1tinct/
5n many households3 people !aste too much clear !ater by leaving the taps running !hen they are brushing their teeth
or using too much !ater ta4ing sho!ers/ #eople also use too much electricity because they don6t turn off the lights or
s!itch off the appliances and they don6t use energy-efficient light bulbs/ There is too much household !aste: they
buy products in e1cess pac4aging (e1tra plastic and paper) and only fe! people recycle their rubbish3 so there are lots
of landfills !hich are filling up very 2uic4ly/ *ot everybody cleans up after their dogs3 so the par4s and pavements
are dirty3 smelly and disgusting/ #eople have bad shopping habits: they buy products from ta4e"for-a!ay places3 they
often don6t ta4e their o!n shopping bags (eg/ canvas bags)/
5*+575+.A')6 A,T5%* #'A*
We should really ta4e up ne! habit concerning our travelling3 shopping3 consuming3 recycling3 etc/
o We should use public transport3 or ride a bi4e instead/
o Everyone should definitely ta4e their o!n (preferably canvas) shopping bag to the shops to carry home your
shopping/
o We should support local farmers and buy organically and locally gro!n food so they don6t have to transport
their products from far-a!ay places/
o We can also be eco-friendly by boycotting products from tropical forest" places 3 li4e hard!ood/ 8ou can also
boycott products made by companies !ho damage the environment/
o We should use rechargeable batteries and refill products3 li4e chemical detergents (!ashing-up li2uid) and
refill printer cartridges/
o We should collect our !aste selectively: ta4e our bottles to the bottle ban4 3 non-disposable !hite and
coloured glass ones to the selective !aste yards/ We should put different materials into different containers:
glass3 metal (cans3 tins3 and aluminium foil)3 paper (old sheets of paper3 cardboard3 etc)3 plastic (e1cess
pac4aging3 non-disposable bottles3 batteries (those of cars" telephones)3 old household" electric appliances3
clothes/ We can also give our used items to charity/
o 5t6s also a good idea to use energy-saving light bulbs and other energy-efficient household appliances/
o ,lean up after your dogs/
9%7E$*(E*)6 A,T5%* #'A*
There are lots of things governments can do to encourage people to reduce3 reuse and recycle/
o They should support the production and usage of rene!able" green energy-sources3 li4e solar po!er3 !ind
po!er (!ind turbines) and hydropo!er (dams)/
o They should encourage local famers to produce and sell their products locally/
o They could support people !ho use their bi4es3 means of public transport or hybrid cars (running on
electricity3 not only petrol)/
o They should also support the production of goods made by energy-efficient technologies3 using recyclable
resources/
o They should also punish factories" !aste incinerators !hich produce to1ic fumes" li2uids and don6t have a
smo4e"ha0ardous !aste filter/
(E E,%-,%*),5%.)? (8 A,T5%* #'A*
56m afraid 56m not very eco-conscious/ 5 thin4 !hat 5 could do !ould only be a drop in the ocean/ 5t ta4es too much
time3 money and energy to recycle3 so 56m not really bothered/ 5 don6t thin4 it ma4es a difference if 5 as an individual
do something about the environment/ What6s more3 there are things you can6t avoid doing3 eg/ using your car (you
must travel)3 buying products from far-a!ay places (oranges and bananas)3 using !ater (!ashing your clothes3 having
a sho!er3 etc)/ 5 try not to thro! a!ay rubbish too much3 5 collect the !aste selectively at home and 5 ta4e the rubbish
to the selective !aste yards3 5 use energy efficient light bulbs at home3 and s!itch off the lights and electric appliance
but that6s all 5 can do/
Topic 3: Environment KEY
What are the main sources of environmental pollution today? What are its results?
What can individuals (locally) do to protect the environment?
What can governments do (on a more global scale) to protect the environment?
re you eco!conscious? "o# do you protect the environment at home$ in your surroundings?
re you going to train your child to be eco!conscious? Why (not)? What is easy$ difficult for you to do?
%&'()E*+ ,- .',+E/0E,.E+
There is very heavy #ater and air pollution1 There are many waste incinerators and factories #hich
produce much hazardous waste1 They emit toxic liquids into the rivers and fumes into the air1 .ars and
other means of transport also produce many dangerous gases2 so many greenhouse gases get into the
atmosphere #hich trap the heat1 s a result2 there is global #arming: sea levels rise2 icecaps melt2 there
#ill be natural disasters li3e droughts and tsunamis1 cid rains ruin the forests and threaten wildlife1
4n many countries2 there are really serious problems in our natural environment because of deforestation
(rainforests are chopped do#n) #hich threatens bio-diversity1 nimals lose their natural habitat2 and
some endangered species disappear forever as they become e5tinct1
4n our households2 #e #aste too much clear #ater by leaving the taps running #hen they are brushing their
teeth or using too much #ater ta3ing sho#ers1 We also use too much electricity because #e don6t turn off
the lights or s#itch off the appliances and #e don6t use energy-efficient light bulbs1 There is too much
household #aste: #e buy products in excess packaging (e5tra plastic and paper) and only fe# people
recycle their rubbish2 so there are lots of landfills #hich are filling up very 7uic3ly1 %eople use too many
detergents and #ash their clothes too often and buy too many of them1 ,ot everybody cleans up after their
dogs2 so the par3s and pavements are dirty2 smelly and disgusting1 We have bad shopping habits: #e buy
products from far!a#ay places2 #e often don6t ta3e our o#n shopping bags (eg. canvas bags) #ith us and
#e consume too many products (consumers society)1
4,-484-0)+6 .T4', %),
We should really ta3e up ne# habits concerning our travelling2 shopping2 consuming2 recycling2 etc1
o We should use public transport2 or ride a bi3e instead1
o Everyone should definitely ta3e their o#n (preferably canvas) shopping bags to the shops to carry
home your shopping1
o We should support local farmers and buy organically and locally grown food so they don6t have
to transport their products from far!a#ay places1
o We should buy products that are pac3ed in recyclable material1
o We can also be eco-friendly by boycotting products from tropical rainforests2 li3e hard#ood1 You
can also boycott products made by companies #ho damage the environment1
o We should use rechargeable batteries and refill products2 li3e chemical detergents (#ashing!up
li7uid) and refill printer cartridges1
o We should collect our #aste selectively: ta3e our bottles to the bottle ban3, non-disposable #hite
and coloured glass ones to the selective #aste yards1 We should put different materials into
different containers: glass2 metal (cans2 tins2 and aluminium foil)2 paper (old sheets of paper2
cardboard2 etc)2 plastic (e5cess pac3aging2 non!disposable bottles2 batteries (those of cars$
telephones)2 old household$ electric appliances2 clothes1 We can also give our used items to
charity1
o We6d better turn off e7uipment li3e television and computers #hen #e are not using them1
o 4t6s also a good idea to use energy!saving light bulbs and other energy!efficient household
appliances1
o Avoid using pesticides in your garden and attract birds instead1
o .lean up after your dogs1
o 4t6s high time #e made conscious decisions2 li3e vote for politicians #ho protect the environment
and become an active member of an environmental organization1
9'8E&,*E,+6 .T4', %),
There are lots of things governments can do to encourage people to reduce2 reuse and recycle1
o They should support the production and usage of renewable$ green energy-sources2 li3e solar
power, wind power wind turbines! and hydropower dams!.
o They should encourage local famers to produce and sell their products locally1
o They could support people #ho use their bi3es2 means of public transport or hybrid cars (running
on electricity2 not only petrol)1
o They should also encourage the production of goods made by energy!efficient technologies2 using
recyclable resources1
o 4t6s high time they encouraged the protection of rare species and reforestation1
o They should impose a ban on those #ho don6t recycle their #aste selectively to address waste
disposal problems.
o They should also punish factories$ waste incinerators #hich produce to5ic fumes$ li7uids and
don6t have a smo3e$ha:ardous #aste filter1
*E E.'!.',+.4'0+? *Y .T4', %),
46m 7uite eco-conscious because 4 try to protect the environment in my surroundings1 4 try to cut down on
consumption (using and buying too many things)2 4 come to school by means of public transport$ on foot
or by bi3e1 4 collect the #aste selectively at home and 4 ta3e the rubbish to the selective #aste yards1 4 don6t
leave the taps running #hen 4 clean my teeth and 4 try to save #ater by having short sho#ers1 0nfortunately
it6s very difficult for me not to buy many clothes because 4 really li3e fashion2 but 4 try to buy items from
second!hand shops and 4 ta3e my old items to charity;1
46m afraid 46m not very eco!conscious1 4 thin3 #hat 4 could do #ould only be a drop in the ocean1 4t ta3es
too much time2 money and energy to recycle2 so 46m not really bothered1 4 don6t thin3 it ma3es a difference if
4 as an individual do something about the environment1 What6s more2 there are things you can6t avoid
doing2 eg1 using your car (you must travel)2 buying products from far!a#ay places (oranges and bananas)2
using #ater (#ashing your clothes2 having a sho#er2 etc)1 4 try not to thro# a#ay rubbish too much2 but
that6s all2 really1

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