Sheep Farming

1. Why Sheep Farming ?

Sheep with its multi-facet utility for wool, meat, milk, skins and manure, form an important component of rural
economy particularly in the arid, semi-arid and mountainous areas of the country. It provides a dependable source of
income to the shepherds through sale of wool and animals. The advantages of sheep farming are :
i)Sheep do not need epensive buildings to house them and on the other hand re!uire less labour than other kinds of
livestock.
ii)The foundation stock are relatively cheap and the flock can be multiplied rapidly.
iii)Sheep are economical converter of grass into meat and wool.
iv)Sheep will eat varied kinds of plants compared to other kind of livestock. This makes them ecellent weed
destroyer.
v)"nlike goats, sheep hardly damage any tree.
vi)The production of wool, meat and manure provides three different sources of income to the shepherd.
vii)The structure of their lips helps them to clean grains lost at harvest time and thus convert waste feed into profitable
products.
viii)#utton is one kind of meat towards, which there is no pre$udice by any community in India and further
development of superior breeds for mutton production will have a great scope in the developing economy of India.
2. Scope for Sheep Farming and Its National Importance
%.& The country has '(.) million sheep as per &**+ livestock census and ranks sith in the world. The statewise
sheep population are given in ,nneure I. -uring %..&-.% wool production stands at the modest level of '..+.*
million, skin with wool sheep '%/ #T, sheep and goat meat +..'.. #T in %..&-.%, sheep fresh '%0). #T. The
eport earnings from different woollen products during &**/-*' was 1s.%'++0 million. The contribution of sheep to
total meat production in the country is around &/ percent. The contribution of sheep through eport of meat is )
percent of the total eport value of agricultural and processed food products. 2ive sheep are also eported for meat
purpose. Sheep skin in the form of leather and leather products is also eported.
%.% Sheep make a valuable contribution to the livelihood of the economically weaker sections of the society. ,mongst
the livestock owners the shepherds are the poorest of the lot.
%.0 1ealising the importance of sheep in ,grarian economy the 3entral 4overnment had established the 3entral
Sheep and 5ool 1esearch Institute 63S51I) at ,vikanagar in 1a$asthan. 7umber of sheep breeding farms were
established during various plan periods throughout the country for evolving 6i) new fine wool breeds for different agro-
climatic regions capable of producing %.' kg. of greasy wool per annum. 6ii) new mutton breeds capable of attaining
0. kg. live weight at ( months of age under intensive feeding conditions. Sheep development activities were initiated
under :
-8,8, #9,2 and S9-, programmes. Intensive Sheep -evelopment 8ro$ects 6IS-8:s) were introduced in many of
the sheep rearing districts. Setting up of wool boards in important wool producing states was envisaged and States of
;ammu < =ashmir and =arnataka have already set up these boards. Some of the states have set up wool
development corporations > federations. The states having such organisations are given in ,nneure II.
3.0 9inancial assistance available from bans ! N"#"$% for sheep farming
0.& 7,?,1- is an ape institution for all matters relating to policy, planning and operation in the field of agricultural
credit. It serves as refinancing agency for the institutions providing investment and production credit for agriculture
and rural development. It promotes development through a well organised Technical Services -epartment at the
@ead Affice and Technical 3ells at each of the 1egional Affices.
0.% 2oan from banks with refinance facility from 7,?,1- is available for starting sheep farming. 9or obtaining bank
loan, the farmers should apply to the nearest branch of a 3ommercial, 3o-operative or 1egional 1ural ?ank in their
area in the prescribed application form which is available in the branches of financing bank. The Technical officer
attached to or the #anager of the bank can help > give guidance to the farmers in preparing the pro$ect report to
obtain bank loan.
0.0 9or sheep development schemes with very large outlays, detailed reports will have to be prepared. The
beneficiaries may utilise the services of 7,?,1- 3onsultancy Services 6nabcons) having good eperience in
developing livestock pro$ects for preparation of the pro$ect report to avail the bank loan for the items such as
purchase of breeding animals, construction of sheds, purchase of e!uipments etc. The cost of land is not considered
for loan.
&.0 Scheme Form'lation
, scheme can be prepared by a beneficiary after consulting local technical persons of State ,nimal @usbandry
-epartment, -1-,, Sheep development 3orporation, Sheep 3o-operative society > union > federation and
commercial farmers. If possible, the beneficiaries should also visit progressive sheep farmers and government >
agricultural university Sheep farms in the vicinity and discuss the profitability of sheep farming. , good practical
training and eperience in sheep farming will be highly desirable. The sheep co-operative societies established in the
villages as a result of efforts by the Sheep -evelopment -epartment of State 4overnment > Sheep -evelopment
?oard would provide all supporting facilities, particularly marketing of live animals and wool. 7earness of the sheep
farm to such a society, veterinary aid and breeding centre should be ensured.
The scheme should include information on land, livestock markets, availability of water, feeds, fodder, veterinary aid,
breeding facilities, marketing aspects, training facilities, eperience of the farmer and the type of assistance available
from State 4overnment, Sheep society > union > federation.
The scheme should also include information on the number of and types of animals to be purchased, their breeds,
production performance, cost and other relevant input and output costs with their description. ?ased on this, the total
cost of the pro$ect, margin money to be provided by the beneficiary, re!uirement of bank loan, estimated annual
ependiture, income, profit and loss statement, repayment period, etc. can be worked out and included in the
scheme.
(.0 $e)'irements of a *ood +ro,ect
, check list prepared by 7,?,1- for formulation of sheep development schemes is given in ,nneure III. The
scheme so formulated should be submitted to the nearest branch of bank. The bank:s officers can assist in
preparation of the scheme or filling in the prescribed application form. The bank will then eamine the scheme for its
technical feasibility and economic viability.
"- .echnical Feasibility / .his 0o'ld briefly incl'de
6a)7earness of the selected area to veterinary aid, breeding cover and wool collection centre and the financing bank:s
branch.
6b),vailability of good !uality animals in nearby livestock markets. The distribution of sheep breeds in India are given
in ,nneure IB-a, while the wool production and !uality in IB-b.
6c)Source of training facilities. The ma$or institutions providing training in Sheep farming are given in ,nneure B.
6d),vailability of good graCing ground > lands.
6e),vailability of green>dry fodder, concentrate feed, medicines etc.
6f),vailability of veterinary aid > breeding centres and marketing facilities near the scheme area.
#- 1conomic 2iability / .his 0o'ld briefly incl'de
6a)"nit 3ost - The average cost of Sheep units for some of the States is given in ,nneure BI.
6b)Input cost for feeds and fodders, veterinary aid, insurance, shearing etc.
6c)Autput costs i.e. sale price of animals, wool, penning etc.
6d)Income-ependiture statement and annual gross surplus.
6e)3ash flow analysis.
6f)1epayment schedule i.e. repayment of principal loan amount and interest.
Ather documents such as loan application forms, security aspects, margin money re!uirements etc. are also
eamined. , field visit to the scheme area is undertaken for conducting a techno-economic feasibility study for
appraisal of the scheme. The economics of sheep farming is given in ,nneure BII.
3.Sanction of #an 4oan and its %isb'rsement
,fter ensuring technical feasibility and economic viability, the scheme is sanctioned by the bank. The loan is
disbursed in stages against creation of specific assets such as construction of sheds, purchase of e!uipments and
animals. The end use of the loan is verified and constant follow-up is done by the bank.
5. 4ending .erms / *eneral
5.1 6nit cost
Dach regional office 61.A.) Af 7,?,1- has constituted a State 2evel "nit 3ost 3ommittee under the chairmanship
of 1A-in-charge and with the members from developmental agencies, commercial banks and cooperative banks to
review the unit cost of various investments once in si months. The same is circulated among the banks for their
guidance.
5.2 Interest $ate for 'ltimate borro0ers
?anks are free to decide the rate of interest within the overall 1?I guidelines. @owever for working out financial
viabilility and bankability of the model pro$ect we have assumed the rate of interest as &%E p.a.
5.3 7argin 7oney
7,?,1- has defined the farmers into three different categories and where subsidy is not available the minimum
down payment to be contributed by the beneficiaries are given in the following table.

Sr.No. 8ategory of Farmer #eneficiary9s 8ontrib'tion
, Small farmers 'E
? #edium farmers &.E
3 2arge farmers &'E
5.& Sec'rity
Security will be as per 7,?,1- > 1?I guidelines issued from time to time.
5.( $epayment +eriod of 4oan
1epayment period depends upon the gross surplus generated. The loans will be repaid in suitable half yearly > annual
instalments usually within a period of about '-( years with a grace period of one year.
:. +acage of 8ommon 7anagement +ractices $ecommended for Sheep Farmers
#odern and well established scientific principles, practices and skills should be used to obtain maimum economic
benefits from sheep farming. Some of the ma$or norms and recommended practices are given here under
:.1. Selection and p'rchase of "nimal
i) It is necessary to select suitable improved breed of sheep available in particular area.
ii)3rossbred sheep are available for purchase from state 4overnment > 4overnment of India sheep breeding farms.
iii) Dwes can be purchased in regular sheep markets or from breeders in villages, while male sheep 6rams) of eotic >
crossbred from 4overnment farms.
iv) , purchase committee, consisting of the borrower, the financing bank:s representative and a veterinary assistant
surgeon may be constituted or else cash payments could be done to borrower to select his own animals.
v) It is desirable to purchase healthy animals of &%-&) months of age.
vi) , certificate regarding age and health of sheep is obtained from the veterinary assistant surgeon.
vii)The animals purchased have to be identified by fiing ear tags.
viii) Sheep should be vaccinated for important diseases like sheep-fo and entero-toaemia.
i) The price of sheep depends on breed, age and health status.
) ,n entrepreneur should have a unit of %.-0. ewes and one ram.
:.2 +regnant; +art'rient and 4actating 10es
3areful management of the pregnant, parturient and lactating ewes will have a marked influence on the percentage
of lambs dropped and reared successfully. So, the following steps may be taken to afford proper attention to these
animals.
i)-o not handle the pregnant ewes too fre!uently.
ii)Separate the advanced pregnant ewes from the main flock and take effective care in their feeding and
management.
iii)Dtra feed during the later part of pregnancy 60-/ weeks before parturition) will be beneficial for the condition of the
pre-parturient ewes which will help in improving milk production of ewes, birth weight and growth of lambs.
iv) Inade!uate and poor nutrition may result in pregnancy, toaemia, abortions and premature births of weak lambs.
v) ?ring lambing ewes into lambing corals /-( days before parturition and provide maimum comfort. If possible,
provide soft, clean bedding and individual lambing pens.
vi)5atch gestation length which ranges from &/% to over &'. days. Darly maturing breeds have slightly shorter
gestation period.
vii) Save parturient ewes from cold and chilly weather.
:.3 8are at 4ambing ! +art'rition
,n ewe about to lamb prefers to leave the flock. She is restless, the udder is often distended and eternal genital are
in a flushed and flaccid condition. 4enerally in a healthy ewe parturition is normal. Still the following precautions may
be taken during and after parturition.
i)=eep a vigilant eye for dystokia or difficult birth.
ii)#aiden ewes in poor condition or small-framed ewes mated to big rams will generally have difficulty in parturition
and will have to be assisted.
iii)Seek prompt veterinary aid and advice from an eperienced shepherd or stockman in case of dystokia.
iv) 7ewborn lambs. after being licked by the mother generally stand on their legs and start seeking for teats and
suckle milk. If they are not able to do so after sufficient time, provide help to them in suckling colostrum 6the first milk)
which is very essential for health and survivability of lambs.
v)Save newborn lambs from cold, rain and winds.
vi)1esort to artificial milk feeding or arrange foster mothers to disowned or orphan lambs. 4oats can serve as
ecellent foster mother but ewes which have lost their lamb early after birth may also be utiliCed.
vii) 2igate, sever and antiseptically dress the naval cord of the lamb.
viii)4ive a teaspoonful of castor-oil or li!uid paraffin to the lamb to facilitate defecation and passing out of meconium
easily.
i) -o not handle lambs too fre!uently immediately after birth and let the dams lick and recogniCe them properly.
) ,llow newborn lambs to be with their mothers all the %/ hours for first week or so.
i) 9eed sufficient !uantity of good-!uality hay and concentrates 6if possible) to the lactating ewes for meeting
nutritional re!uirements for early lactation.
ii) 8rovide plenty of clean fresh drinking water as the lactating ewes drink surprisingly higher amount of water during
lactation.
:.& 8are of 4ambs
The lamb should be taken care of the maimum etent during early period of life. This will also ensure better survival.
The following steps may be taken for ensuring better growth and survival.
i) Dnsure proper suckling of lambs. Damine udders for blindness of teats or mastitis.
ii)Take care of indifferent mothers and arrange suckling of lambs by restraining such type of ewes.
iii)8rovide creep feed 6good !uality hay with or without concentrate miture) to suckling lambs in addition to suckling
of milk from tenth day to weaning age.
iv) If possible, make available green leguminous fodder or fresh tree leaves to lambs to nibble during suckling period.
v)2ambs may be ear-tagged or tattooed on the ear for identification 6tattooing forceps and ear-tagging forceps should
also be cleaned and steriliCed at the time of use). Tail docking and castration may also be done in first week or so by
placing elastrator 6strong rubber band) at the intervertebral space and not on the vertebra.
vi) ,lternatively use steriliCed and clean knife for castration and docking and resort to proper ligation and antiseptic
dressing at the roof of scrotum with testicles before it.
vii) -uring castration keep the lambs on perfectly dry, clean and hygienic site so as to minimiCe the risks of losses
from tetanus.
:.( Weaning and 8are of Weaners
The management of 5eaners plays an important part in good sheep husbandry. The following steps are important in
proper care and management of weaners.
i) 5eaning should preferably be done at *. days, although in breeds with low milk production or where re-breeding is
desired it can be done around (. days.
ii) Supplementary feeding and good clean pastures for growing weaners should be provided. The nutrient
re!uirements for growing lambs and adult ewes are given in ,nneure BII-a.
iii) 5eaned lambs should be drenched against gastro-intestinal parasites by first monthF and vaccinated against
enterotoaemia and sheep-po.
iv) 5eaners should not be graCed on poor burry and thorny types of pasture since it could cause skin irritation, in$ury
to the eyes and damage to wool.
v) They should be protected against vagaries of climates and predation.
:.3 <o'sing and Shelter 7anagement

i) 7ormally sheep do not re!uire elaborate housing facilities but minimum provisions will definitely increase
productivity, especially protection against inclement weather conditions 6sun, rain and winds) and predation. Shed
could be provided with gunny bags or temporary or removable protections made of thatching material and bamboos.
The roof of the shed should be made of the asbestos sheet supported by tubular or angular steel, but wooden rafters
and thatching material could also be used.
ii) Dotics should be provided ..*-&.& m% and native and crossbred sheep ..)-..* m% space per head. Sheds
measuring &)m (m can accommodate about &%. sheep.
iii) , chain link fencing or thorny bush enclosure of &%m (m can be provided for night paddocking of sheep on each
side of the shed.
:.5 8'lling
3ulling of sheep is very important for the development of a good flock. It helps to remove undesirable animals and
breeding from those which are most approimating the ideal sheep. ,bout &.-%. per cent culling should be practised
annually to develop a good flock. The flock siCe should be maintained by replacing culled ewes by ewe lambs born in
the flock.
:.: 7aintenance of $ecords
It is very essential to maintain the necessary records at an organised 6eperimental or commercial) sheep farm to
know obout the inputs and outputs. This helps in working out the economy of sheep production per unit of area and
per animal. The following records should be maintained : livestock strength, breeding, lambing, shearing, wool
production, mortality, purchase of animal feeds, medicines, sale of animals and wool.
:.= Identification
The shepherds commonly practice notching or phunching holes in the ears for identification of lambs. Tattooing is
also satisfactory but is more epensive. #etal or plastic ear-tags with stamped letters and numbers are most suitable
although they are relatively epensive and heavy for the ears of the smaller native sheep. These ear-tags are applied
with the help of a clincher.
:.10 %ipping
To control the ectoparasites the sheep should be dipped a few weeks after shearing when they have grown sufficient
new wool to hold the chemical substance. There are standard designs for sheep dips and there are many products
effective against ectoparasites. , foot-bath may also be provided at the entrance of the farm to prevent the spread of
contagious diseases like foot-and-mouth and footrot.
:.11 <ealth 7anagement
The health management calendar given in ,nneure BIII may be followed for better health of stock.
:.12 Shearing
i)Shearing is done mechanically either with clippers, a pair of scissors or by power-operated machines depending
upon the siCe of operations.
ii)#ost flocks are usually shorn twice a year, i.e. #arch-,pril after the winter and September-Actober after the rains.
In some states like ;ammu < =ashmir and 1a$asthan sheep are shorn thrice a year.
=. 7areting of Wool and "nimals
i)The wool and meat sector in the country is small and widely scattered. This is the sector, where organised sector
and decentralised sector run complimentary to each other towards meeting the re!uirements of all sections of the
domestic market as well as eport. The sector is very loosely knit and heterogenous. Taking the due cogniCance of
these compleities in the wool sector the 4overnment of India has constituted the 3entral 5ool -evelopment ?oard
in the #inistry of Teties for the overall growth and development of this sector. The State 4overnments have also set
up separate corporation>9ederation to encorage the sector.
ii) Shepherds generally market wool and animals, through rural agents on the basis of rough estimates of weights.
The animals are also sold in village weekly markets, where shepherds are eploited to a great etent.
iii) State 4overnments through sheep corporation, board and federation have also set up sheep co-operative
societies which also purchase wool and animals on weight basis and shepherds are paid better prices.

"NN1>6$1 1
S.".1WIS1 S<11+ +?+64".I?N IN IN%I" / 1==5
@in tho'sands-
Sl No. States/U.T.s Total
1 Andhra Pradesh 9743
2 Arunachal Pradesh 27
3 Assam 84
4 Bihar 1956
5 Chattisgarh 196
6 Goa 0
7 Guarat 2158
8 !ar"ana 1275
9 !imachal Pradesh 1080
10 #ammu $ %ashmir 3170
11 %arnata&a 8003
12 %erala 3
13 'adh"a Pradesh 657
14 'aharashtra 3368
15 'ani(ur 8
16 'eghala"a 17
17 'i)oram 1
18 *agaland 2
19 +rissa 1765
20 Puna, 436
21 -aasthan 14585
22 .i&&im 5
23 /amil *adu 5259
24 /ri(ura 6
25 0ttar Pradesh 1905
26 0ttaranchal 311
27 1est Bengal 1462
0nion /erritories
28 Andaman $ *ico,ar 2slands 0
29 Chandigarh 0
30 3adra $ * !a4eli 0
31 3aman $ 3iu 0
32 3elhi 11
33 5a&shad6ee( 0
34 Pondicherr" 2
All 2*32A 57494

"NN1>6$1 II
S.".1 S<11+ "N% W??4 #?"$%S ! F1%1$".I?NS ! 8?$+?$".I?NS
&. ,83A 5ool
0-'-++.. 5eavers ?hawan
7arayan 4uda
@yderabad - '.. .%* 6,8)
%. 4u$arat Sheep < 5ool -evelopment 3orporation 2imited
GShreekun$G App. 7avarangpura Telephone Dchange
Dllisbridge
,hmedabad - 0). ..( 64u$.)
0.@imachal 8radesh State 3o-operative 5ool 8rocurement and
#arketing 9ederation 2imited
8ashudhan ?hawan, ?oileaugan$
Shimla - &+& ..' 6@8)
/. ;ammu < =ashmir State Sheep < Sheep 8roducts -evelopment ?oard.
=artholi, ?ari ?rahmana
;ammu - &)& &00 6;<=)
'.=arnataka Sheep < Sheep 8roducts -evelopment ?oard
7o. '), IInd #ain 1oad, Byalikaval
?angalore - '(. ..0 6=arnataka)
(.#aharashtra #endhi Ba Sheli BIkas #ahamandal 2imited
#endhi 9arm, 4okhale 7agar
8une - /&& .&( 6#aha.)
+.1a$asthan State 3o-operative Sheep < 5ool #arketing
9ederation 2imited.
4andhi 7agar, Tonk 1oad,
;aipur 61a$.)
)."ttar 8radesh 8oultry < 2ivestock Specialities 2imited
-irectorate of ,nimal @usbandry
?adshah ?aug, 4orakh 7ath 1oad
2ucknow 6".8.)
"NN1>6$1 / III
F?$7". F?$ S6#7ISSI?N ?F S8<171S
Scheme A Sheep #reeding ! $earing
1. *1N1$"4
i) 7ame of the sponsoring bank
ii) ,ddress of the controlling office sponsoring the scheme
iii) 7ature and ob$ective of the proposed scheme
iv) -etails of proposed investments

Sr.No. Investment No. of 'nits
6a)
6b)
6c)

6v) Specification of the scheme area 67ame of -istrict>?lock)
Sr. No. %istrict #loc
6a)
6b)

6c)
vi) 7ames of the financing bank:s branches
Sr.No. Name of the #ranch %istrict
6a)
6b)
6c)

vii) Status of beneficiaries:
6Individual>8artnership> 3ompany>3orporation>
3o-operative Society>Athers)
viii) In case of area based schemes, coverage of borrowers in weaker sections 6viC. 2andless labourers), small,
medium < large farmers as per 7,?,1-:s norm, S3>ST, etc.
6a) 3apability
6b) Dperience
6c) 9inancial Soundness
6d) Technical>other special Hualification
6e) Technical>#anagerial Staff and ade!uacy thereof
2. .18<NI8"4 "S+18.S
a-"nimals
i) 8roposed ?reed
ii) ,ge of the animal
iii) ,rrangements for vaccination, identification and health certificate
iv) Insurance
v) 3ost of ram
vi) 3ost of ewes
b-+rod'ction parameters
i) ,ge at first lambing
ii) 2ambing interval
iii) 2ambing percentage
iv) 7umber of lambs produced
v) #ortality of adults
vi) ,ge at which lambs are sold
vii) ?ody weight of animals
c-Floc pro,ection - 9or big units only 6with all assumptions)
d-<o'sing
i) Type of housing
ii) 9loor space - adults>lambs
iii) 3ost of construction
iv) Ather civil structures
6for commercial units)
e- 1)'ipment needed
i) 3haff cutter
ii) 9eeding trough
iii) Shearing e!uipment>scissors

f- 8omments on technical feasibility
g- *overnment restrictions; if any
3. FIN"N8I"4 "S+18.S
i) "nit 3ost

Sr.No.
Name of Investment
SiBe of 'nit 6nit 8ost @0ith
component/0ise
brea/'p @$s.-
Whether approved by
state level 'nit 8ost
8ommittee
a)
b)
c)
d)

Total


ii) -own payment>margin> subsidy 6indicate source < etent of subsidy)
iii) Iear-wise physical < financial programme
Cear Investment No. of
'nits
6nit 8ost .otal ?'tlay 7argin #an 4oan $efinance "ssistance
1 2 3 & ( @3D&- 3 5 :



.otal
iv)9inancial viability 6comment on the cash flow pro$ection on a farm model>unit and enclose the same)

Item of investment
> C >
a) Internal 1ate of 1eturn 6I11)
b) ?enefit 3ost 1ation 6?31)
c) 7et 8resent 5orth 6785)
v)9inancial position of the borrower>s 6to be furnished in case of corporate bodies>partnership firms)
a) 8rofitability 1atios
i) 48 1atio
ii) 78 1atio
b) -ebt D!uity 1atio
c) 5hether Income Ta < Ather ta obligations are paid upto date
d) 5hether audit is upto date 6enclose copies of audited financial statements for the
last 0 years)
vi) 2ending Terms
i) 1ate of interest
ii) 4race period 6investment-wise)
Sr. 7o. 7ame of the Investment 4race 8eriod 6years)
6a)
6b)
6c)
iii) 1epayment period 6investment-wise)
Sr. 7o. 7ame of the Investment 8eriod 6years)
6a)
6b)
6c)
vii) 7ature of security
viii) ,vailability of 4overnment 4uarantee 5herever 7ecessary
&. INF$"S.$68.6$"4 F"8I4I.I1S
a) ,vailability of animals
i) Source
ii) 8lace of purchase
iii) -istance
iv) Type of arrangements for purchase
v) ,vailability in re!uired numbers
b) 4raCing 2and
i) ,de!uacy
ii) -istance
iii) -uration of graCing
iv) 3ondition of graCing lands
v) 3ost to be paid>animal
c) 9eeding
i) Type of fodder
ii) Source
iii) 3ost>animal year
In case of commercial units area under fodder crops is re!uired to be given
d) ?reeding 3over
i) Source
ii) 8lace
iii) -istance
iv) Type of services available
v) ,vailability of staff
vi) 3ost>animal>year
e) #arketing
i) Source for ,nimals
#ilk
5ool
ii) 8lace
iii) -istance
iv) 8rice realised - ,nimals J culls lambs
5ool 61s.>=g.)
#ilk 61s.>liter)
f) Ather aspects
i) Source of technical guidance
ii) Training facilities
- Source
- 8eriodicity
- -uration
iii) Ather 4overnment Support
g) supervision and monitoring arrangements available with the bank

"NN1>6$1 / I2 a
$1*I?NWIS1 %IS.$I#6.I?N ?F S<11+ #$11%S IN IN%I"
North Western arid and
semi/arid region
So'thern penins'lar region 1astern region Northern temperat're
region
3hokla -eccani 3hottanagpuri 4addi
7ali ?ellary Shahabadi 1ampur
#arwari 7ellore ?alangir ?ushair
#agra #andya 4an$am ?hakarwal
;aisalmeri @assan Tibetan 8oonchi
8ungal #acheri ?onpala 4ureC
#alpura =ilakarsal =ashmir #erino
Sonadi Bembur 3hangathangi
8attanwadi 3oimbatore
#uCCafarnagri 7ilgiri
;alauni 1amnad white
@issardale #adras red
Tiruchy black
=enguri
source - CSWRI, Avikanagar.
"NN1>6$1 / I2 b
W??4 +$?%68.I?N "N% E6"4I.C IN %IFF1$1N. $1*I?NS ?F IN%I"
Sr.
No.
+artic'lars North North
Western
So'thern
.emperat're
1astern
+enins'lar
& Sheep population 6million) %..0( 0./' :&*.). /.(
% 8ercent contribution /%.%0 +.&' /&..+ *.'/
0 5ool production 6m.kg) %'.&& /..0 +.() &.'+
/ 8ercent contribution to total :('./. :&..'. :%.... :/.&.
' 8er capita production 6kg) &.%0 &.&( ..0) ..0/
( 9ineness 6micron) 0../' %%.0 :/..(. :'.-(.
+ #edullation 6E) :0..). '.&' :(..). :).-*.
) ?urr content 6E) %-' %-) ?elow ' &-0
* Iield 6washed) 6E) :).-*. :'.-(. :).-*.
6ecept 7ilgiri)
:)'-*.
Source - CSWRI, Avikanagar.

"nneD're 2
.$"ININ* INS.I.6.I?NS IN S<11+ F"$7IN*
i) 3entral sheep and wool 1esearch Institute, ,vikanagar 61a$asthan).
ii)3entral sheep and wool 1esearch Institute 6sub-station), ?ikaner 61a$asthan).
iii) 3entral Sheep and 5ool 1esearch Institute 6sub-station) 4arsa 6@imachal-8radesh).
iv) Sheep and wool training centres - established by -epartment of ,nimal @usbandry in respective states.
"NN1>6$1 / 2I
1conomics of Sheep rearing @20 10es F 1 $am-
". 6nit cost of Sheep %evelopment for 7eat and Wool
i. 3ost of %. ewes K 1s. &%..>- 1s. %/...
ii. 3ost of & ram K 1s. &(..>- 1s. &(..
iii. 3ost of Shed, e!uipment and miscellaneous ependiture. 1s. 0...
iv. Total 3ost 1s. %)(..
v. #argin at &'E of the Total 3ost 1s. /0..
vi. 2oan ,mount 1s. %/0..
#- .echno economic parameters
Beterinary epenses have been assumed as adult 1s&., young 1s.'>-
&.The present unit cost of one year Dwes and ram is taken at 1s &%.. and 1s.&(.. respectively.
%.2ambing interval is taken as &% months with lambing percentage of +' and se ratio of '.:'..
0.#ortality is considered as &. E and ' E among lambs and adults.
/.,ll female lambs are retained in the flock and males are sold at ) to * months of age.
'.The culling rate among ewes is %. E and above from third year onwards.
(.4raCing charges K 1s />- per adult per year.
+.3ost of concentrate feed per pregnant Dwe for 0. days K %'. gms>animal costing 1s '...>kg.
).Insurance is / E per year and cost of veterinary aid is 1s &. < ' per adult and young animal per year.
*.Shearing will be done twice a year. The adult sheep will yield &.% kg wool per year and the lamb will yield (.. gm.
per year. The shearing charges are 1s %...>kg and the price of wool is 1s /. per kg.
&.. Sale price is 1s. ).. per ram lamb, 1s.&... per adult ewe and 1S. &%.. per adult ram. The sale value of closing
stock is considered for working out cash flow analysis.
&&.8enning charges are 1s ) per adult animal per month for ( months in a year.
&%. The economics have been worked out basing on the opening stock.

8. F4?8G $?H18.I?N 8<"$. ?F S<11+ %1214?+71N. S8<171 @20F1-
#$11%/7"8<1$I S.".1 / ."7I4N"%6

2ambing 6E) : +', ,dult mortality 6E) : ', 2amb mortality 6E) : &.
Dwe culling #inimum %. from third year onwards
1am culling The old ram will be replaced after every two years by fresh purchase
Sale of lambs ,ll female lambs will be retained and male lambs of )-* months will be sold
2ambing interval Ane year
1-1am D-Dwe #2-#ale lamb 92-9emale lamb
%. 8"S< F4?W "N"4CSIS
Cears
+artic'lars I II III I2 2 2I
I. 8?S.S :
a) 3apital cost %)(..
b) 8urchase of ram -- -- &(.. -- &(.. --
c) 9eed cost
i) 4raCing )/ ). &./ &.) &&) &%.
ii) 3oncentrate '(% (+' +'. +&% +)+ )%'
d) Insurance cost &.%/ *%) &.%/ &.%% &&%. &&()
e) Beterinary aid %(' %'. %'. %+' ).' 0&.
f) Shearing charges '. (/ +( )' *. *'
Total cost 0.')' &*%. 0)./ %%'% /./) %'&)
II #1N1FI.S A
a) Sale of 5ool &'&% &&(/ &(() &+&( &+&( &+/.
b) Sale of ram lambs /).. /).. (0.. (/.. )...
c) Sale of culled animals -- -- '%.. '.%. )%.. )...
d) penning charges &..) *(. &%/+ &%*' &0*% &//.
e) 3losing stock value '.%..
Total benefits %'%. (*%/ &%*&' &0&/' &++.) (*0..
7t ?enefits -%).(' '../ *&&& &.)*0 &0((. (()(%
III #8$;N+W and I$$
78B &'E
3osts 0/*0+
?enefits (%%00
785 %+%*(
I$$ I /.

Sheep rearing J $epayment sched'le
?ank 2oan 1s.%/0..
Interest 1ate &% E
IV
$1+"C71N. S8<1%641
a) 4ross surplus '0' '../ *&&& &.)*0 &0(*. (()(%
b) 2oan amount %/0..
c) Interest rate &%E
d) Interest %*&( 0%(( %)). %/(. &).. *(.
e) 8rincipal -- 0.. /... '... +... )...
f) 1epayment -- 0'(( ()). +/.. )).. )*(.
?alance L8rincipal %/... %.... &'... )... -
g) 7et surplus -- &/0) %%0& 0/*0 /)*. ')%.%

"NN1>6$1 / 2II 9a9
N'trient re)'irement for gro0ing lambs
#ody 0t @g- $ate of gain @g!day- %ry matter intae
@g-
%8+ @g- 71 @.cal- 8a
@g-
+
@g-
&. '. /.. 0' ..)( % &.'
&.. /'. /' &... %.' %.'
&'. '.. '' &.&' 0.. %..
&' '. '.. /' &..) %.) %..
&.. (.. '' &.0. 0.' %.'
&'. +.. (' &.(% /.' 0
%. '. +.. '. &.// 0.' %.'
&.. ).. +. %..& /.' 0..
&'. &,... ). %.0. '.' 0.'
%' '. ).. (' &.). /.' 0..
&.. &,%.. )' %.'% '.. 0.'
&'. &,/.. &.. %.)) (.. /..
1g K .%N K 3.3 8al
"NN1>6$1 / 2II 9b9
N'trient re)'irement of sheepL for maintenance.
#ody 0t. %ry matter intae @g- %8+ @g- 71 @.8al- 8a
@g-
+@g-
%. ..'( %' &..0 &.+ &..
%' ..+. 0& &.%+ %.& &.(
0. ..)0 0+ &.'% %./ &.*
0' ..*' /% &.+% %.( %.&
/. &..( /+ &.*0 %.* %.0
/' &.&+ '& %..* 0.% %.'
*Adult ewes which are non-lactating and are not over of 15 week of gestation eriod
Anne!ure "III