INTRODUCTION:

As the earths population increases and becomes more modernized, it has

become evident that supplying energy to everyone is a daunting task.
Furthermore, the resources used to supply this energy, generally fossil fuels,
do not regenerate at a rate to consider them renewable. The United States
gets approximately 93% of its energy from nonrenewable sources. These
sources include uranium ore (nuclear), coal, natural gas, and oil (U.S.
Energy Information Administration). As we drain the supplies of earths
resources, we must figure out a way to create energy using renewable
sources.
Renewable energy is generally defined as energy that comes from resources
which are naturally replenished on a human timescale such as sunlight,
wind, rain, tides, waves and geothermal heat as the International Energy
Agency explains. Renewable energy replaces conventional fuels in four
distinct areas: electricity generation, hot water/space heating, motor fuels,
and rural (off-grid) energy services.

Renewable energy is derived from natural processes that are replenished
constantly. In its various forms, it derives directly from the sun, or from heat
generated deep within the earth Included in the definition is electricity and
heat generated from solar, wind, ocean, hydropower, biomass, geothermal
resources, and bio fuels and hydrogen derived from renewable resources.
Renewable Tidal energy:

Comparatively to other renewable energy system, Tidal energy gives more
efficiency, so we are going for renewable tidal energy process through CFD.
Energy in water can be harnessed and used. Since water is about 800 times
denser than air, even a slow flowing stream of water, or moderate sea swell,
can yield considerable amounts of energy. There are many forms of water
energy: Hydroelectric energy is a term usually reserved for large-scale
hydroelectric dams. The largest of which is the Three Gorges Dam in China
and a smaller example is the Akosombo Dam in Ghana. Micro hydro
systems are hydroelectric power installations that typically produce up to
100 kW of power. They are often used in water rich areas as a remote-area
power supply (RAPS).Run-of-the-river hydroelectricity systems derive
kinetic energy from rivers and oceans without the creation of a large
reservoir. Hydropower is produced in 150 countries, with the Asia-Pacific
region generating 32 percent of global hydropower in 2010. China is the
largest hydroelectricity producer, with 721 terawatt-hours of production in
2010, representing around 17 percent of domestic electricity use. There are
now three hydroelectricity plants larger than 10 GW: the Three Gorges Dam
in China, Itaipu Dam across the Brazil/Paraguay border, and Guri Dam in
Venezuela.
Unlike other forms of hydropower technologies, such as turbines and water
mills, the device, called the VIVACE (vortex induced vibration for aquatic
clean energy) converter, can generate electricity from slow moving water,
and typically found in ocean and river currents. The device is thought to be
the first that can harness energy from flows moving slower than 2 knots
(about 3.7 km per hour). Most currents are slower than 3 knots. Turbines and
water mills need an average of 5 to 7 knots to operate efficiently. In
addition, the device can operate in water surges, allowing it to take
advantage of faster flows.
The VIVACE converter exploits the turbulent effects of vortices (swirling
currents) that form around an obstacle in flowing water. It was partly
inspired by the way fish swim. Fish propel themselves forward by
generating vortices or by taking advantage of naturally occurring vortices in
the turbulent trail of other fish.
The device consists of a cylinder which is placed below the surface of the
water, across the direction of current flow. As water flows past the device, it
is disturbed and creates vortices which cause oscillations, or vibrations,
inside the cylinder. Mechanical energy from these oscillations can be
efficiently converted into electrical energy via a generator.