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OPTIMIZATION OF

WASTE MANAGEMENT
COST IN MUMBAI


OPERATIONS RESEARCH PROJECT REPORT

GROUP B2
U112082
U112087
U112090
U112091
U112097
Gyanashree Maharana
Juhi Ujjawal
Monalisa Guru
Nidhi Murarka
Prerna Katyal

31 December, 2012 XAVIER INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, BHUBANESWAR



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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We express our heart-felt gratitude to all those who have been instrumental in helping us with the
report or have been associated with the report in every way and made the journey a worth-while
experience.
We thank the batch of 2012-2014 and also the batch of 2011-2013 for having shared their
valuable insights and experiences that went a long way in helping us in the successful completion of our
report.
Last but most important, we thank Dr. Sambit Mukherjee, who provided us with the opportunity to
undertake the project and for extending his complete support in choosing the problem and arriving at the
solution.




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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................................... 1
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION................................................................................................. 3
WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MUMBAI ............................................................................................ 3
LINEAR PROGRAMMING PROBLEM FORMULATION .................................................... 8
DECISION VARIABLES .................................................................................................................. 8
OBJECTIVE FUNCTION ................................................................................................................. 9
CONSTRAINTS ............................................................................................................................ 10
SOLUTION USING LINGO ............................................................................................. 11
PROBLEM STATEMENT .............................................................................................................. 11
PROBLEM SOLUTION USING LINGO .................................................................................... 13
OPTIMISED SOLUTION ................................................................................................. 19
MINIMUM COST ......................................................................................................................... 19
VALUES OF DECISION VARIABLES ......................................................................................... 19
REFERENCES ................................................................................................................. 21



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PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MUMBAI
Mumbai, the largest city in India, with the population of 13 million, covers a coastal stretch of 603 sq.
Km. It can be divided into 3 sections, viz., the island city (or main city), the western suburbs and the
eastern suburbs. Such a huge population obviously generates a huge amount of waste. Managing such
waste becomes a critical and massive task for the local administration. The Municipal Corporation of
Greater Mumbai (MCGM) is in charge of the management of waste in the city. On a daily basis, Mumbai
generates waste amounting to nearly 9000 tons comprising biodegradable and recyclable materials,
debris, and silt. The biodegradable waste is made up of fruit, and vegetable remainders, leaves, spoiled
food, eggshells, cotton, and so on. Newspapers, plastic, battery cells, wires, iron sheets, glass comprises
recyclable waste. Debris includes construction waste, renovation waste, demolition waste and the like.
Earth and clay from drains and road corners make up the silt.
The prevailing approach to waste management has been one of collection and disposal that is, garbage
is collected from communities by the municipal authorities and disposed off at various dumping sites that
are currently servicing the city. Garbage collectors manually collect the waste generated at the
household level and dumps them in the garbage bin at specified street corners. There are about 6000
community bins in the city. This largely manual operation involves 35000 personnel employed by the
MCGM and is collected by a fleet of 800 vehicles, including vehicles hired from private contractors, that
work in shifts every day. For collecting and transporting garbage and debris, municipal and private
vehicles need to make close to 2000 trips every day.
Community participation in waste management is being promoted by MCGM. Under a joint project
started by the Government of India and MCGM in collaboration with United Nations Center for Human
Settlements community participation in waste management is being encouraged. This program is called
Advanced Locality Management (ALM). It is a community-based approach for effective management of
civic services. Under ALM, communities with help from NGOs make arrangements for the waste to be
collected by rag pickers and then process biodegradable wastes and sell the recyclable material.
MCGM provides subsidy and technical help to construct composting pits in these localities. NGOs play an
important role in this set-up by organising the rag pickers and providing them the necessary training for
collecting and composting the waste.
MCGM also partners with Excel industries in converting the organic component of solid wastes into
manure through mechanical aerobic composting. Excel Industry Limited is one of the Indias largest
agrochemical companies. They are leaders in the field of solid waste management that help in
sustainable management of urban environment. The Biotech Division of the company looks after the
conversion of the urban solid waste into useful organic manure through controlled aerobic composting.
This process consists of 2 stages:
i. Biological process for decomposition of organic matter,
ii. Mechanical process for screening the decomposed organic matter.
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Waste is collected by MCGM and supplied to the different compost plants of Excel Industries and then
the waste is processed through aerobic composting. Composting provides a sustainable recycling
procedure through which the organic and biodegradable portion of solid waste is converted to produce
fertilizers that can be used for soil enhancement.
Paresh Shinde has been working in MCGM for the past 10 years. Recently he has been assigned the
charge of waste management for wards A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X
of greater Mumbai. Previously, waste generated from these wards was being dumped at landfills. But
now with rising concerns about these open dumps that threat public health and environmental quality, the
focus is shifting towards more environment-friendly options such as composting. Paresh has been assigned
the job of preparing a schedule for transporting the waste generated at these wards to 3 compost plants
located at Deonar, Mulund and Gorai which are operated by Excel Industries. At these plants, the waste
will be converted to compost by aerobic composting. Waste generated from each of the wards and the
distance from the wards to the compost plants are given in Table 1.
Table 1: Waste generated from ward i (Wi) and distance from generation node to dumpsite.
Distance In Km
Wards Wi (ton) Deonar Mulund Gorai
A 223.67 24 32 45
B 134.38 19.75 27.25 40
C 203.3 23 31 44
D 352.46 21.5 29.5 43
E 299.66 19 27 40
F 283.58 14.5 22.5 35
G 204.93 11.5 19.5 33
H 209.5 16.5 24.5 34
I 382.63 14.25 22.25 35
J 150.65 13.75 22.25 35
K 233.66 14.25 24 37
L 331.93 21 19 17.5
M 312.88 20.5 19 17.5
N 229.28 22 19 11.5
O 271.22 24 21 8.5
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Distance (in kms)
Wards Wi (ton) Deonar Mulund Gorai
P 152.44 33 27 5.9
Q 198.24 35 29 3.6
R 165.94 36 30 5
S 250.98 11 19 33.5
T 352.69 5.5 17 39
U 465.19 2 14 41
V 178 7.75 13 30
W 221.05 13 8.75 26
X 165.17 18 4.5 22

Notes: Table gives distance from ward check post to nearest dumping ground check post. It further gives
distance to the next closest dumping ground check post. Rest of the distances is calculated from the Mumbai
city map considering crow fly distance from centre of ward to the dumping ground.
Source: MCGM (2001).

The transportation cost per ton of waste per km is Rs. 10 and the operating costs per ton of waste at the
Deonar, Mulund, and Gorai plants are Rs. 12, Rs. 11.5 and Rs. 7, respectively, as mentioned in Table 2.
The capacity of the Deonar plant is 4000 tons whereas those of Mulund and Gorai plants are 3000 and
6500 tons respectively, as mentioned in Table 3. The Municipal Corporation of Mumbai has zeroed down
on a certain budget amount for transportation from each ward to the dumping Sites. The same has been
mentioned in Table 4.
Table 2: The Operating Costs in Rs. per ton of waste for each Dumping Sites.
DUMPING SITES
OPERATING COSTS (in Rs. per ton of
waste)
Deonar 12
Mulund 11.5
Gorai 7


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Table 3: The Capacity in tons at each of the Dumping Sites.
DUMPING SITES CAPACITY (in tons)
Deonar 4000
Mulund 3000
Gorai 6500

Table 4: The Budget amount for transportation from each ward to the Dumping Sites.
WARD BUDGET AMOUNT (in Rs.)
A 250000
B 230000
C 320000
D 80000
E 500000
F 200000
G 300000
H 400000
I 430000
J 530000
K 620000
L 740000
M 500000
N 600000
O 500000
P 510000
Q 710000
R 820000
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S 670000
T 650000
U 450000
V 430000
W 220000
X 410000

Paresh needs to determine how much waste from each ward should be sent to each of the three
compost plants so that the total cost of transporting as well as the operating cost of composting the
waste is minimised.


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LINEAR PROGRAMMING PROBLEM FORMULATION
DECISION VARIABLES
Let
WA-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward A to Deonar
WA-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward A to Mulund
WA-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward A to Gorai
WB-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward B to Deonar
WB-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward B to Mulund
WB-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward B to Gorai
WC-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward C to Deonar
WC-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward C to Mulund
WC-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward C to Gorai
WD-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward D to Deonar
WD-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward D to Mulund
WD-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward D to Gorai
WE-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward E to Deonar
WE-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward E to Mulund
WE-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward E to Gorai
WF-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward F to Deonar
WF-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward F to Mulund
WF-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward F to Gorai
WG-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward G to Deonar
WG-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward G to Mulund
WG-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward G to Gorai
WH-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward H to Deonar
WH-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward H to Mulund
WH-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward H to Gorai
WI-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward I to Deonar
WI-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward I to Mulund
WI-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward I to Gorai
WJ-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward J to Deonar
WJ-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward J to Mulund
WJ-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward J to Gorai
WK-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward K to Deonar
WK-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward K to Mulund
WK-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward K to Gorai
WL-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward L to Deonar
WL-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward L to Mulund
WL-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward L to Gorai
WM-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward M to Deonar
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WM-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward M to Mulund
WM-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward M to Gorai
WN-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward N to Deonar
WN-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward N to Mulund
WN-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward N to Gorai
WO-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward O to Deonar
WO-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward O to Mulund
WO-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward O to Gorai
WP-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward P to Deonar
WP-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward P to Mulund
WP-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward P to Gorai
WQ-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward Q to Deonar
WQ-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward Q to Mulund
WQ-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward Q to Gorai
WR-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward R to Deonar
WR-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward R to Mulund
WR-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward R to Gorai
WS-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward S to Deonar
WS-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward S to Mulund
WS-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward S to Gorai
WT-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward T to Deonar
WT-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward T to Mulund
WT-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward T to Gorai
WU-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward U to Deonar
WU-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward U to Mulund
WU-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward U to Gorai
WV-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward V to Deonar
WV-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward V to Mulund
WV-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward V to Gorai
WW-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward W to Deonar
WW-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward W to Mulund
WW-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward W to Gorai
WX-Deonar = Weight of waste transported from Ward X to Deonar
WX-Mulund = Weight of waste transported from Ward X to Mulund
WX-Gorai = Weight of waste transported from Ward X to Gorai

OBJECTIVE FUNCTION
The objective function is to minimize the total cost associated with transporting the wastes from the wards
to each of the three compost plants as well as the total operating cost of composting the waste.
Let
Wx-y = Waste transported from Ward x to Compost Site y in tons
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Wi = Waste generated at Ward i in tons
Dx-y = Distance between Ward x and Compost Site y in kms
OCi = Operating Cost per ton of waste at Compost Site i in Rs.
Bi = Budget allocated to Ward i for transporting wastes to different compost sites in Rs.
Maxi = Maximum Operating Capacity of Compost Site i in tons
TrC = Cost of transportation = Rs. 10/ton/km
The objective function thus is
MINIMIZE Z = x y [ ( TrC * Dx-y * Wx-y ) + ( OCy * Wx-y ) ]
CONSTRAINTS
Capacity of Dump Site
The weight of wastes transported and thus processed at each compost site should be less than or equal to
the maximum capacity of the compost site.
x Wx-y Maxy , for all compost sites y
Waste Generated at Ward
All the waste generated at a particular ward needs to be transported to any of the three compost sites.
No waste goes unprocessed.
y Wx-y = Wx , for all wards x
Budget for each Ward
The cost of transporting the wastes from the wards to the compost sites should be less than or equal to the
budget allocated for transportation for the ward under consideration.
y ( TrC * Dx-y * Wx-y ) Bx , for all wards x


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SOLUTION USING LINGO
LINGO FORMULATION
! ********************************************************************
LINGO Linear Programming Model for
Waste Management Problem in Mumbai
********************************************************************;

! ********************************************************************
Defining the sets
and the associated attributes for the sets
********************************************************************;

SETS:

! Basic Sets;

! Every ward is identified by the amount of waste generated
and the maximum budget for transportation
allocated per ward ;
Ward: WasteGenerated, MaxBudget;

! Every dumping site has a maximum capacity that can not be exceeded
and the operating cost at each dump site is different;
DumpSite: Capacity, OperatingCost;

! Defining the derived set;

! Every Ward-Dump Site combination is identified by
the distance between the ward and the dump site
and the weight of waste transported from the ward to the dump site;
WaDu (Ward, DumpSite): Distance, WardtoDumpWeight;

ENDSETS

! ********************************************************************
Defining the data
associated with all attributes for the sets
********************************************************************;

DATA:

! There are 24 wards in Mumbai, from A through X;
Ward = A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X;

! Waste Generated from each ward expressed in tons;
WasteGenerated = 223.67 134.38 203.3 352.46 299.66 283.58 204.93 209.5 382.63
150.65 233.66 331.93 312.88 229.28 271.22 152.44 198.24 165.94 250.98 352.69 465.19
178 221.05 165.17;

! The maximum budget allocated per ward expressed in Rs. ;
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MaxBudget = 250000 230000 320000 80000 500000 200000 300000 400000 430000
530000 620000 740000 500000 600000 500000 510000 710000 820000 670000 650000 450000
430000 220000 410000;

! There are 3 dump sites in Mumbai;
DumpSite = Deonar Mulund Gorai;

! The maximum capacity of waste management site in tons;
Capacity = 4000 3000 6500;

! The operating cost per dumping site expressed in Rs./ton;
OperatingCost = 12 11.5 7;

! The distance between ward and the sites;
! Deonar Mulund Gorai;
Distance = 24 32 45 ! From A;
19.75 27.25 40 ! From B;
23 31 44 ! From C;
21.5 29.5 43 ! From D;
19 27 40 ! From E;
14.5 22.5 35 ! From F;
11.5 19.5 33 ! From G;
16.5 24.5 34 ! From H;
14.25 22.25 35 ! From I;
13.75 22.25 35 ! From J;
14.25 24 37 ! From K;
21 19 17.5 ! From L;
20.5 19 17.5 ! From M;
22 19 11.5 ! From N;
24 21 8.5 ! From O;
33 27 5.9 ! From P;
35 29 3.6 ! From Q;
36 30 5 ! From R;
11 19 33.5 ! From S;
5.5 17 39 ! From T;
2 14 41 ! From U;
7.75 13 30 ! From V;
13 8.75 26 ! From W;
18 4.5 22; ! From X;
ENDDATA

! ********************************************************************
OBJECTIVE FUNCTION
------------------
Minimise the total cost of waste disposal and management
by determining the weight of waste transported from each
ward to each dump site, WardtoDumpWeight
********************************************************************

********************************************************************
DECISION VARIABLE
-----------------
WardtoDumpWeight(i,j) = Weight of waste transported from
Ward-i to Dump Site-j
********************************************************************;

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[TotalCost] MIN = @SUM( WaDu(i,j): ( 10 * Distance(i,j) * WardtoDumpWeight(i,j))+
WardtoDumpWeight(i,j) * OperatingCost(j));

! ********************************************************************
CONSTRAINTS
-----------
********************************************************************;

!---------------------------------------------------------------
The total weight of waste transported from the wards to
each dumping site should be less than or equal to the
maximum capacity of the dumping site under consideration
---------------------------------------------------------------;

@FOR( DumpSite(i):
[Capc] @SUM( Ward(j) : WardtoDumpWeight(j,i)) <= Capacity(i);
);

!---------------------------------------------------------------
All the waste generated at a particular ward must be
transported to any of the three dumping sites
---------------------------------------------------------------;

@FOR( Ward(i):
[Generated] @SUM( DumpSite(j) : WardtoDumpWeight(i,j)) =
WasteGenerated(i);
);

!---------------------------------------------------------------
The total cost of transporting waste from the wards must
be less than equal to the allocated budget for
transportation from the wards
---------------------------------------------------------------;

@FOR( Ward(i):
[Budget] @SUM( DumpSite(j) : WardtoDumpWeight(i,j) * Distance(i,j) *
10) <= MaxBudget(i);
);

! ********************************************************************
---------End of Model-------------
LINGO Linear Programming Model for
Waste Management Problem in Mumbai
********************************************************************;

SOLUTION REPORT USING LINGO
Global optimal solution found.
Objective value: 814231.1
Infeasibilities: 0.000000
Total solver iterations: 24

Model Class: LP

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Total variables: 72
Nonlinear variables: 0
Integer variables: 0

Total constraints: 52
Nonlinear constraints: 0

Total nonzeros: 288
Nonlinear nonzeros: 0


Variable Value Reduced Cost
WASTEGENERATED( A) 223.6700 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( B) 134.3800 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( C) 203.3000 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( D) 352.4600 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( E) 299.6600 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( F) 283.5800 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( G) 204.9300 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( H) 209.5000 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( I) 382.6300 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( J) 150.6500 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( K) 233.6600 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( L) 331.9300 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( M) 312.8800 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( N) 229.2800 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( O) 271.2200 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( P) 152.4400 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( Q) 198.2400 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( R) 165.9400 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( S) 250.9800 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( T) 352.6900 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( U) 465.1900 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( V) 178.0000 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( W) 221.0500 0.000000
WASTEGENERATED( X) 165.1700 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( A) 250000.0 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( B) 230000.0 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( C) 320000.0 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( D) 80000.00 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( E) 500000.0 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( F) 200000.0 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( G) 300000.0 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( H) 400000.0 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( I) 430000.0 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( J) 530000.0 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( K) 620000.0 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( L) 740000.0 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( M) 500000.0 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( N) 600000.0 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( O) 500000.0 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( P) 510000.0 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( Q) 710000.0 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( R) 820000.0 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( S) 670000.0 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( T) 650000.0 0.000000
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MAXBUDGET( U) 450000.0 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( V) 430000.0 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( W) 220000.0 0.000000
MAXBUDGET( X) 410000.0 0.000000
CAPACITY( DEONAR) 4000.000 0.000000
CAPACITY( MULUND) 3000.000 0.000000
CAPACITY( GORAI) 6500.000 0.000000
OPERATINGCOST( DEONAR) 12.00000 0.000000
OPERATINGCOST( MULUND) 11.50000 0.000000
OPERATINGCOST( GORAI) 7.000000 0.000000
DISTANCE( A, DEONAR) 24.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( A, MULUND) 32.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( A, GORAI) 45.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( B, DEONAR) 19.75000 0.000000
DISTANCE( B, MULUND) 27.25000 0.000000
DISTANCE( B, GORAI) 40.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( C, DEONAR) 23.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( C, MULUND) 31.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( C, GORAI) 44.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( D, DEONAR) 21.50000 0.000000
DISTANCE( D, MULUND) 29.50000 0.000000
DISTANCE( D, GORAI) 43.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( E, DEONAR) 19.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( E, MULUND) 27.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( E, GORAI) 40.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( F, DEONAR) 14.50000 0.000000
DISTANCE( F, MULUND) 22.50000 0.000000
DISTANCE( F, GORAI) 35.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( G, DEONAR) 11.50000 0.000000
DISTANCE( G, MULUND) 19.50000 0.000000
DISTANCE( G, GORAI) 33.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( H, DEONAR) 16.50000 0.000000
DISTANCE( H, MULUND) 24.50000 0.000000
DISTANCE( H, GORAI) 34.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( I, DEONAR) 14.25000 0.000000
DISTANCE( I, MULUND) 22.25000 0.000000
DISTANCE( I, GORAI) 35.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( J, DEONAR) 13.75000 0.000000
DISTANCE( J, MULUND) 22.25000 0.000000
DISTANCE( J, GORAI) 35.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( K, DEONAR) 14.25000 0.000000
DISTANCE( K, MULUND) 24.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( K, GORAI) 37.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( L, DEONAR) 21.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( L, MULUND) 19.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( L, GORAI) 17.50000 0.000000
DISTANCE( M, DEONAR) 20.50000 0.000000
DISTANCE( M, MULUND) 19.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( M, GORAI) 17.50000 0.000000
DISTANCE( N, DEONAR) 22.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( N, MULUND) 19.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( N, GORAI) 11.50000 0.000000
DISTANCE( O, DEONAR) 24.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( O, MULUND) 21.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( O, GORAI) 8.500000 0.000000
DISTANCE( P, DEONAR) 33.00000 0.000000
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DISTANCE( P, MULUND) 27.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( P, GORAI) 5.900000 0.000000
DISTANCE( Q, DEONAR) 35.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( Q, MULUND) 29.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( Q, GORAI) 3.600000 0.000000
DISTANCE( R, DEONAR) 36.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( R, MULUND) 30.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( R, GORAI) 5.000000 0.000000
DISTANCE( S, DEONAR) 11.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( S, MULUND) 19.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( S, GORAI) 33.50000 0.000000
DISTANCE( T, DEONAR) 5.500000 0.000000
DISTANCE( T, MULUND) 17.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( T, GORAI) 39.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( U, DEONAR) 2.000000 0.000000
DISTANCE( U, MULUND) 14.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( U, GORAI) 41.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( V, DEONAR) 7.750000 0.000000
DISTANCE( V, MULUND) 13.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( V, GORAI) 30.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( W, DEONAR) 13.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( W, MULUND) 8.750000 0.000000
DISTANCE( W, GORAI) 26.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( X, DEONAR) 18.00000 0.000000
DISTANCE( X, MULUND) 4.500000 0.000000
DISTANCE( X, GORAI) 22.00000 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( A, DEONAR) 223.6700 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( A, MULUND) 0.000000 79.50000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( A, GORAI) 0.000000 205.0000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( B, DEONAR) 134.3800 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( B, MULUND) 0.000000 74.50000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( B, GORAI) 0.000000 197.5000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( C, DEONAR) 203.3000 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( C, MULUND) 0.000000 79.50000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( C, GORAI) 0.000000 205.0000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( D, DEONAR) 352.4600 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( D, MULUND) 0.000000 79.50000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( D, GORAI) 0.000000 210.0000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( E, DEONAR) 299.6600 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( E, MULUND) 0.000000 79.50000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( E, GORAI) 0.000000 205.0000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( F, DEONAR) 283.5800 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( F, MULUND) 0.000000 79.50000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( F, GORAI) 0.000000 200.0000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( G, DEONAR) 204.9300 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( G, MULUND) 0.000000 79.50000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( G, GORAI) 0.000000 210.0000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( H, DEONAR) 209.5000 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( H, MULUND) 0.000000 79.50000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( H, GORAI) 0.000000 170.0000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( I, DEONAR) 382.6300 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( I, MULUND) 0.000000 79.50000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( I, GORAI) 0.000000 202.5000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( J, DEONAR) 150.6500 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( J, MULUND) 0.000000 84.50000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( J, GORAI) 0.000000 207.5000
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WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( K, DEONAR) 233.6600 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( K, MULUND) 0.000000 97.00000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( K, GORAI) 0.000000 222.5000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( L, DEONAR) 0.000000 40.00000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( L, MULUND) 0.000000 19.50000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( L, GORAI) 331.9300 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( M, DEONAR) 0.000000 35.00000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( M, MULUND) 0.000000 19.50000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( M, GORAI) 312.8800 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( N, DEONAR) 0.000000 110.0000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( N, MULUND) 0.000000 79.50000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( N, GORAI) 229.2800 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( O, DEONAR) 0.000000 160.0000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( O, MULUND) 0.000000 129.5000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( O, GORAI) 271.2200 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( P, DEONAR) 0.000000 276.0000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( P, MULUND) 0.000000 215.5000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( P, GORAI) 152.4400 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( Q, DEONAR) 0.000000 319.0000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( Q, MULUND) 0.000000 258.5000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( Q, GORAI) 198.2400 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( R, DEONAR) 0.000000 315.0000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( R, MULUND) 0.000000 254.5000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( R, GORAI) 165.9400 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( S, DEONAR) 250.9800 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( S, MULUND) 0.000000 79.50000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( S, GORAI) 0.000000 220.0000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( T, DEONAR) 352.6900 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( T, MULUND) 0.000000 114.5000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( T, GORAI) 0.000000 330.0000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( U, DEONAR) 465.1900 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( U, MULUND) 0.000000 119.5000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( U, GORAI) 0.000000 385.0000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( V, DEONAR) 178.0000 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( V, MULUND) 0.000000 52.00000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( V, GORAI) 0.000000 217.5000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( W, DEONAR) 0.000000 43.00000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( W, MULUND) 221.0500 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( W, GORAI) 0.000000 168.0000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( X, DEONAR) 0.000000 135.5000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( X, MULUND) 165.1700 0.000000
WARDTODUMPWEIGHT( X, GORAI) 0.000000 170.5000

Row Slack or Surplus Dual Price
TOTALCOST 814231.1 -1.000000
CAPC( DEONAR) 74.72000 0.000000
CAPC( MULUND) 2613.780 0.000000
CAPC( GORAI) 4838.070 0.000000
GENERATED( A) 0.000000 -252.0000
GENERATED( B) 0.000000 -209.5000
GENERATED( C) 0.000000 -242.0000
GENERATED( D) 0.000000 -227.0000
GENERATED( E) 0.000000 -202.0000
GENERATED( F) 0.000000 -157.0000
GENERATED( G) 0.000000 -127.0000
GENERATED( H) 0.000000 -177.0000
OPTIMIZATION OF WASTE MANAGEMENT COST IN MUMBAI


Page 18
GENERATED( I) 0.000000 -154.5000
GENERATED( J) 0.000000 -149.5000
GENERATED( K) 0.000000 -154.5000
GENERATED( L) 0.000000 -182.0000
GENERATED( M) 0.000000 -182.0000
GENERATED( N) 0.000000 -122.0000
GENERATED( O) 0.000000 -92.00000
GENERATED( P) 0.000000 -66.00000
GENERATED( Q) 0.000000 -43.00000
GENERATED( R) 0.000000 -57.00000
GENERATED( S) 0.000000 -122.0000
GENERATED( T) 0.000000 -67.00000
GENERATED( U) 0.000000 -32.00000
GENERATED( V) 0.000000 -89.50000
GENERATED( W) 0.000000 -99.00000
GENERATED( X) 0.000000 -56.50000
BUDGET( A) 196319.2 0.000000
BUDGET( B) 203460.0 0.000000
BUDGET( C) 273241.0 0.000000
BUDGET( D) 4221.100 0.000000
BUDGET( E) 443064.6 0.000000
BUDGET( F) 158880.9 0.000000
BUDGET( G) 276433.0 0.000000
BUDGET( H) 365432.5 0.000000
BUDGET( I) 375475.2 0.000000
BUDGET( J) 509285.6 0.000000
BUDGET( K) 586703.4 0.000000
BUDGET( L) 681912.2 0.000000
BUDGET( M) 445246.0 0.000000
BUDGET( N) 573632.8 0.000000
BUDGET( O) 476946.3 0.000000
BUDGET( P) 501006.0 0.000000
BUDGET( Q) 702863.4 0.000000
BUDGET( R) 811703.0 0.000000
BUDGET( S) 642392.2 0.000000
BUDGET( T) 630602.1 0.000000
BUDGET( U) 440696.2 0.000000
BUDGET( V) 416205.0 0.000000
BUDGET( W) 200658.1 0.000000
BUDGET( X) 402567.3 0.000000




OPTIMIZATION OF WASTE MANAGEMENT COST IN MUMBAI


Page 19
OPTIMAL SOLUTION
MINIMUM COST
The minimum total cost of transporting the waste from the wards to the compost sites and the operating
cost of processing the waste at the compost sites is
Rs. 8, 14, 231.10
VALUES OF DECISION VARIABLES
The values of the decision variables that result in the optimum cost as obtained above are summed up in
the table below
Weight of wastes transported (tons)
Wards/ Compost Sites Deonar Mulund Gorai
A 223.67 0.00 0.00
B 134.38 0.00 0.00
C 203.30 0.00 0.00
D 352.46 0.00 0.00
E 299.66 0.00 0.00
F 283.58 0.00 0.00
G 204.93 0.00 0.00
H 209.50 0.00 0.00
I 382.63 0.00 0.00
J 150.65 0.00 0.00
K 233.66 0.00 0.00
L 0.00 0.00 331.93
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Page 20
Weight of wastes transported (tons)
Wards/ Compost Sites Deonar Mulund Gorai
M 0.00 0.00 312.88
N 0.00 0.00 229.88
O 0.00 0.00 271.22
P 0.00 0.00 152.44
Q 0.00 0.00 198.24
R 0.00 0.00 165.94
S 250.98 0.00 0.00
T 352.69 0.00 0.00
U 465.19 0.00 0.00
V 178.00 0.00 0.00
W 0.00 221.05 0.00
X 0.00 165.17 0.00


OPTIMIZATION OF WASTE MANAGEMENT COST IN MUMBAI


Page 21


REFERENCES

1. Sarika Rathi, Optimization Model for Integrated Municipal Solid Waste Management in
Mumbai, Environment and Development Economics, 12, 105-121, 2007.

2. Frederick S. Hillier, Gerald J. Lieberman, Introduction to Operations Research Concepts and
Cases, 9
th
Edition

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