LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines Storage Pumps & Reversible Pump-Turbines

LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
StoragePumps
&
ReversiblePumpTurbines
ScientificandTechnicalChallenges
Prof.FranoisAvellan,Dr.Eng.,
EPFLSchoolofEngineering
InstituteofMechanicalEngineering
Hongrin Dams
FMHL SA
RGIStorageWorkshop,Montreux Jan.27,2011
Scope
PumpedStoragePowerPlants
TodayTechnology
ScienceandTechnologyChallenges
Computing Domain of the

HYDRODYNA PumpTurbine
Introduction
SwissPowerGeneration
Swiss Electricity Data:2009Survey
70'000
[GWh]
60'000
Storage Hydropower Plants

AnnualPower
Generation
50'000
Annual Power
Consumption
Pumped Storage
Plants
40'000
Run-off Hydropower Plants

30'000
NuclearPower Plants
20'000
10'000
Fossil FuelPowerPlants

1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
SwitzerlandtobeProudofaNearlyCO2FreePowerGenerationMix
PowerGenerationMixinSwitzerland
Fossil Fuel
Power Plants
5.1 %
Pumped
Storage
Power Plants
3.9 %
Nuclear
Power Plants
40.8 %
Storage
Hydropower
Plants
32.9 %
Run-off
Hydropower
Plants
25.2 %
63971GWh PowerGenerationin2009:
2009:11734MWHydropowerGeneratingCapacity;1699MWPumpingPowerCapacity
HongrinLman PSP
Hongrin Lake(1969):
52millionsm3 Capacity
Veytaux PowerStation
(1972)
4HorizontalTernaryUnits
Hongrin Lake
9 256MWPumpingPower
9 240MWGeneratingPower
9 850mWC Head
9 600min1
Lman Lake
EarlyDevelopments:Veytaux PumpedStoragePlant(FMHLsa)
Pumped StoragePowerPlants
Services
StorageofEnergyinExcess
9 AvailabilityofHVACGrid(220kV&380kVinCH)
9 Reservoirs
> 60 GW Wind Power in EU!
GridControl
9 GeneratingMode
9 PumpingMode
22 GW in Germany;
15 GW in Spain.
MitigatingtheFlow
Changes
9 Reservoirs
InternalRateofReturn:SpotMarketvs.ServicestotheGrid
LastOutstandingPumpedStoragePlants
Commissionedsince12Years
PumpedStorage
Unit
PowerPlant
Capacity Units Power
Owner
4
258MW
Yangyang 1'032MW
Kannagawa 2'820MW
470MW
Goldisthal 1'060MW
265MW
Kazunogawa 1'648MW
412MW
Tianhuangping 1'800MW
Guangzhou 2'400MW
300MW
Matanoagawa 1'200MW
Okutataragi 1'932MW
322MW
Country
KOMIPO SouthKorea
TEPCO Japan
VATTENFALLEurope Germany
Year
2006
2005
2002
TEPCO Japan
2001
China
2001
CLP,Guangdong China
ChugokuElectric Japan
Power
KEPCO Japan
2000
NeedsofStorageCapacity:ReversiblePumpTurbines
1999
1998
6PumpTurbines
@500rpm
500rpm,525,000kVA
MotorGenerator,Hitachi
9 2820MWCapacity
9 6PumpTurbines,470MWPumpingPower,625mWC Head
9 TEPCO,TokyoElectricPowerCo.
Kannagawa PSP:WorldwideLargestCapacityPumpedStoragePowerPlant
VerticalTernaryUnits:
PeltonM/GPump
MatchingbothPumpingand
GeneratingModes
9 LengthoftheRotatingTrain;
9 Speed;
9 RequiredSubmergence.
HighGradeControl
9 Pelton Turbine
9 HydraulicByPass
TurbineDriveforStartingUp
1DirectionofRotation
FMHL+
9 EfficientCooling
SafeTransients
2 Ternary Units
~850 mCE 120 MW @ 500 min-1
Technology ofTernary Units
HydraulicBypass
M G
P P
T
Technology:EnablingFastGridPrimaryControl
MixedIslandedNetwork
WindFarmSafetyTrippoff
200MWWindFarm
1'200MWNuclearPowerPlant
2x250MWPumpedStorage
Plant
http://simsen.epfl.ch/
9 C.Nicoletetal.,"StorageUnits
toStabilizeMixedIslanded
PowerNetwork:aTransient
Analysis".HYDRO2008,
Ljubljana,Slovenia.
AdvancedNumericalSimulation:EnablingFastGridControl
GridPrimaryControl
thruHydraulicBypass
200 MW Wind Farm Safety Tripp off
SIMSEN Numerical Simulation
250 MW Hydraulic Bypass
AdvancedNumericalSimulation:EnablingFastGridControl
ReversiblePumpTurbineUnits
TechnologyChallenges
StartUpProcedures
9 StaticFrequencyConverterofLimited
Power
9 BacktoBackarrangement
9 TurbineorPonyMotorDrive
9 Dewatering/WateringProcess
BidirectionalMotorGeneratorSpeed
9 AirCoolingvs.WaterCooling
Pumping&GeneratingOperating
RangesMatching
9 Efficiency
9 Cavitation
9 Transients:Startup&LoadRejection
GridPrimaryControl
9 Variablespeed
9 DoubleRegulatedStages
Yang Yang (ALSTOM Hydro)
800 mWC
4 x 258 MW 600 min-1
Double Regulated Stages (nq 38)
ReversiblePumpTurbineTechnology
620MWNant deDrance PSPProject(VS)

Commissioningin2015
210106 m3 Capacity
EmossonLake
VieilEmossonLake
250to390mWC HeadRange
4x155MWSingleStagePumpTurbines
428.6min1 7%VariableSpeedDrive
11106 m3 Capacity
VARSPEEDTechnologyEnablingPumpingPowerControl
1GWLinthal PSPProject(GL)
Commissioningin2015
Limmern
92106 m3 Capacity
Mutt
25106 m3 Capacity
560mWC to724mWC HeadRange
4x250MWSingleStagePumpTurbines
500rpm 6%VariableSpeedDrive
VARSPEEDTechnology
StaticFrequency
Converter
9 VoltageSourceInverter
DoubleFeed
AsynchronousMachines
9 CylindricalRotorwith
ThreePhasesWinding
9 SlipRingsforExcitation
Reversible
PumpTurbine
NumericalSimulationoftheVeryFast
ChangeofthePowerSetPoint
Varspeed
Synchronous
Machine
YvesPannatier :"Optimisationdesstratgiesderglage
d'uneinstallationdepompageturbinagevitesse
variable",Thse EPFLN 4789,2010.
Sciencesand
TechnologyChallenges
Safety,ReliabilityandFlexibility
9 MeetingDemandofPeakingPower
9 GridPrimaryControl
ShortTimeResponse
9 FrequentStarts&Stops
9 ExtendingOperatingRanges
KnowledgeDevelopmentinHydrodynamics
RotorStatorInteractions
inGeneratingMode
HYDRODYNA
CaseStudy
zo =20,zb =9
9 Experimental
Investigations
9 ValidationofUnsteady
NumericalSimulations
HYDR
DYNA
"Dynamic"BehaviorofPumpTurbines
Unsteady Pressure Field

in Generating Mode
Max Discharge
Experimental
Infrastructure
Research
Education
Experimental
Validation
EPFLTesting Facilities
Complying IEC 60193 Standards
Max Head:
Max Discharge:
Generating Power:
Max Speed:
Pumping Power:
Efficiency Uncertainty <2

PF 1
PF 2
PF 3
100 mCE
120 mCE
100 mCE
1.4 m3/s
1.4 m3/s
1.4 m3/s
< 300 kW
< 300 kW
< 300 kW
1'500 rpm 2'500 rpm 2'500 rpm
900 kW
1000 kW
2 x 400 kW
WorldClassResearchFacilities:3TestRigsforHydraulicTurbines,PumpsandPumpTurbines
IEC60193PumpTurbineModelTesting
PumpedStorage
PowerPlant
Ludington
Country
Owner/Manufacturer
Capacity
Year
MI,USA
Consumers Energy
6x312MW
2010
XIANYOU
China
DONGFANGElectricalMachineryLtd
1'200MW
2009
XIANSHUIJAN
China
HARBINElectricalMachineryLtd.
4x370MW
2009
R&D/ALSTOMHydro
20078
ROCKYMOUNTAIN
GA,USA
OglethorpePower/AmericanHydro
3x370MW
20056
BLENHEIMGILBOA
NY,USA
Rev.Eng.&ImpellerModelNYPA
4x260MW
2003
SouthKorea
KoreaWesternPowerCo/GEHydro
2x350MW
2003
R&D/ALSTOMHydro
2002
VENDANOVEII
Portugal
EDP/VOITHHydro
2x98MW
2001
ALQUEVA
Portugal
EDIAoperatedbyEDP/ALSTOMHydro
2x130MW
1999
TAUMSAUK*
MO,USA
UnionElectricCompany/AmericanHydro
2x220MW
1997
VeryHighHead
CHEONSONG
Nq45
EPFL:aKeyResearchCenterforHydropowerDevelopment
HYDR
DYNA ResearchProject
PumpTurbineHydrodynamics
Investigating,ModelingandHarnessingUnsteadyFlows;
FluidStructureCoupling;
RotorStatorInteractions;
Cavitation;
PerformanceCurve
Stability
PompeturbineHYDRODYNAzo =20,zb =9
Sciencesand Technology Challenges
HYDRODYNAPumpTurbine
Scale Model
HYDR
DYNA
ExperimentalInvestigations
ComputingDomain
HYDR
DYNA
FlowNumericalSimulations
RotorStatorInteraction
GeneratingMode@FullLoad
HYDR
DYNA
PressureFieldattheSpiralCasingWall
K=2Modeof9x20RSI
ExperimentalValidationofRSINumericalSimulations
ImpellerModalAnalysis:2DMode
HYDRODYNAImpellerFluidStructureCoupling
TowardaSustainableCO2Free
PowerGenerationSystem
RenewingAvailableHydropowerSchemeswithPumped
StoragePowerPlantsforMaximizingValueoftheAvailable
StorageCapacities
9 MinimizingEnvironmentalImpacts;
9 IncreasingPowerCapacityandEfficiency;
9 DevelopingPowerControlCapability;
9 EnhancingRobustness,Availability,Maintainability&Safety.
InterconnectedElectricityNetworksOpportunities
9 EnablingNewRenewableEnergyDevelopment;
9 PeakPowerGeneration;
9 GridPowerControlServices:PrimaryControl(frequency).
StrategicIssuesforDevelopingPumpedStoragePowerPlants
Conclusions
PumpedStoragePlants(PSP)arethekeycomponentfor
enablingthedevelopmentandtheoptimumuseofprimary
renewableenergy.
Thebusinessmodelisdrivenbytheenergyspotmarket,the
servicestothegridandthepublicpolicy.
Thepumpturbinetechnologyneedstobefurtherdeveloped
tomeetthemarketneedsandtoensureandenhance,
reliabilityavailabilitymaintainabilityandsafetyofthepower
plants.Attentionmustbepaidwhenutilizingexisting
hydraulicinfrastructure,e.g.penstock.
TheongoingSwissprojectsofPSPareanopportunityfor
furtherinvestigationsinthefieldofenablingenergy
technology.
EPFLSchoolofEngineering
EPFLDoctoralTheses
NicolasRUCHONNET:"Multiscale ComputationalMethodologyAppliedto
Hydroacoustic ResonanceinCavitating PipeFlow", EPFLDoctoralThesis
N4778,2010.
Berten STEFAN:HydrodynamicsofHighSpecificPowerPumpsatOff
DesignOperatingConditions,EPFLDoctoralThesisN4642,2010.
PhilippeAUSONI:"TurbulentVortexSheddingfromaBluntTrailingEdge
Hydrofoil", EPFLDoctoralThesisN4475,2009.
OlivierBRAUN:"PartLoadFlowinRadialCentrifugalPumps",EPFL
DoctoralThesisN4422,2009.
AlirezaZOBEIRI:"InvestigationsofTimeDependentFlowPhenomenaina
TurbineandaPumpTurbineofFrancisType:RotorStatorInteractionsand
Precessing VortexRope",EPFLDoctoralThesisN4272,2009.
AdvancedEducationinHydrodynamicsofTurbomachines
ThanksforyourKindAttention-
RGIStorageWorkshop,Montreux Jan.27,2011
GrandeDixence HydropowerScheme
400Millionsm3 ReservoirStorageCapacity:MaximumValue
GrandeDixence HydropowerScheme:
GeneratingPowerStation: CollectingWaterfrom35
SeasonalOperation
Glaciers
9 1'269MWBieudron
9 685MWNendazFionnay
9 100MWChandoline
9 170MWPumpingPower
400Millionsm3 ReservoirStorageCapacity:MaximumValue
1'269MWBieudron PowerPlant
3Pelton Turbines
500MVAGenerators
9 428.5min1
9 14poles,35.7MVA/pole
9 WaterCooled
423MWPelton
Turbines,5injectors
9 1'883mWC Head
9 25m3/sDischarge
9 D1 =3.993m
9 ~28tRunnerMass
Bieudron PowerPlantEnablingRhDix StoragePumpedProject

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