Laboratory instruments

Science is a practical subject, the teaching of which cannot be done properly only in theoretic
form. For a proper education of science, it is necessary to conduct various kinds of
experiments, which occur in nature.
These practical functions cannot be carried out in absence of scientific apparatus and
equipment. The place where various kinds of scientific apparatus and equipment are arranged
in a systematic manner is called the science laboratory.
science laboratory is central to scientific instructions and it forms an essential component of
science education.
!t is in this place that various kinds of tests are carried out by the students. "ithout a properly
well equipped science laboratory, it is not possible to carry out the science teaching process
effectively in any school or educational institution.
Students learn how to handle various apparatus and to think independently in the laboratory,
because of which it is considered to be one of the most important places. "hen students carry
out various kinds of experiments, then they draw concusions from their studies, which raise
their level of self confidence and develops a scientific attitude among them. Some of
commonly used instruments are#
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beaker is a simple container for stirring, mixing and heating liquids commonly used in
many laboratories. $eakers are generally cylindrical in shape, with a flat bottom and a lip for
pouring.
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centrifuge is a piece of equipment, generally driven by an electric motor , some older
models were spun by hand-, that puts an object in rotation around a fixed axis, applying a
force perpendicular to the axis.
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Tripod si a word generally used to refer to a three1legged object, generally one used as a
platform of some sort, and comes from the +reek tripous, meaning 22three feet22. tripod
provides stability along the side1to1side and up1and1down (oordinate axis of motion and
provides a large amount of leverage.
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3icroscope ,from the +reek# mikros,4small4 and, 4to see4- is an instrument to see objects too
small for the naked eye. The science of investigating small objects using such an instrument
is called microscopy.
3icroscopic means invisible to the eye unless aided by a microscope.
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boiling flask is a type of flask used as an item in laboratory glassware. !t can be used as a
container to hold solutions of chemicals.
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filter funnel is a laboratory funnel used for separating solids from liquids via the laboratory
process of filtering.
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test tube, also known as a cuture tube or sample tube, is a common piece of laboratory
glassware consisting of a finger1like lenght of glass or clear plastic tubing, open at the top,
usually with a rounded *1shaped bottom.
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!t transfers small drops of liquid into an another apparatus like beaker.
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large test tube designed specifically for boiling liquids is called a boiling tube.
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graduated cylinder, also known as a measuring cylinder, is a piece of laboratory equipment
used to accurately measure the volume of an object.
!f students get information or knowledge by playing active role in learning process then they
get permanent kind of information, because of which at school stage, practical work is
considered to be more important for the students.
lthough it has proven by the above discussion that well equipped science laboratories play
very important functions, for which they are considered to be much important, but still need
and importance of well equipped science laboratories can be explained in the following
points#
i. !n laboratory, it is possible to keep various scientific instruments and chemicals in
safe and secure conditions, as without them, it is not possible to carry out any kind
of experiment in any way.
ii. !f there is proper of well equipped and properly arranged laboratory in the school,
then students will get encouraged by it to take active part in the experimental
processes as in such kind of laboratory,a congenial kind of atmosphere exists,
which promote the interest of students in practical works.
iii. "ith the help of well equipped and organised laboratory, science teacher will get
help in developing the scientific attitudes among the students to considerable
extent.
iv. "hen students themselves get the opportunity to take part in experimental
processes, then their area of experiences get widen and their level of intuitiveness
also gets developed, as a result of which, they become people with wide mentality
and open1mindness.
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