Conduct your best Security Site Survey

Conduct your best Security Site Survey

with
with
CCTV and Video Lighting Fundamentals
CCTV and Video Lighting Fundamentals
Steve Surfaro
Group Manager, Industry Liaison
Panasonic System Solutions Company
Agenda
Assessment of existing systems/preliminary
recommendations
Intrusion detection
Fire alarm, access control, CCTV
Physical barriers, lighting
Crime prevention through environmental
design
Sample security system report format
Color temperature basics
Reflectance/emmisivity
Black and white IR applications
SDIII cameras in video lighting applications
Introduction
Where does the Security Site Survey sit
in the scheme of a Physical Security
Program?
Advantages of the Assessment Process
Identify the System Types to match and
minimize the Risk Types
Conduct the Site Survey
Pre-Assessment Phase
What are you going to Assess?
Protection this key information with
procedures
Identify and Rank Critical Assets
Assessment
Analyze Network Architecture
Assess Threat Environment
Test and try to defeat the System
Assess Physical Security (AKA The Site
Survey
Conduct Physical Asset Analysis
Assess Operations Security
Examine Policies and Procedures
Conduct Impact Analysis
Assess Infrastructure Interdependencies
Conduct Risk Characterization
Post-Assessment
Prioritize Recommendations
Develop Action Plan
Capture Lessons Learned and Best
Practices
Deploy Security System
Conduct Training
Advantages of Conducting
Assessments and Surveys
Increase awareness, not necessarily
paranoia
Establish a baseline
Identify vulnerabilities and develop
responses
What key assets drive the risk
management process
Promote action to minimize risk
Kick-off your Physical Security Program
Video Surveillance System Survey
Video Surveillance System Survey

Functional Aspects
Functional Aspects
Classify Video System by type: Classify Video System by type:
Video Surveillance (Monitoring Function) Video Surveillance (Monitoring Function)
Forensic (Recording Function) Forensic (Recording Function)
Video Analytics Video Analytics
Perimeter Security Perimeter Security
Access Control Access Control
Classify Camera by Function Classify Camera by Function
Monitor basic activity (subject is 5% of vertical) Monitor basic activity (subject is 5% of vertical)
Detection (10%) Detection (10%)
Recognition (Human, Animal or Vehicle) (50%) Recognition (Human, Animal or Vehicle) (50%)
Identification (120%) Identification (120%)
Method of
Resolution Measurement & Camera Function
Verify all
Monitoring and
Recording
Functions using
Rotakin or
other accepted
standard
Adjust System
as necessary
for key areas,
adding or
moving
cameras as
required



Monitor Detect
Not less than 5% Vertical Not less than 10% Vertical




Recognition Identification
Not less than 50% Vertical Not less than 120% Vertical

*courtesy Isle of Man Constabulary; CCTV Systems within Licensed *courtesy Isle of Man Constabulary; CCTV Systems within Licensed Premises Premises
Image examples suitable for
Image examples suitable for
Identification Function
Identification Function
Suitable Suitable Not Suitable Not Suitable
Enlargement and enhancement Enlargement and enhancement
Images courtesy of Images courtesy of
Scientific Working Scientific Working
Group on Imaging Technology Group on Imaging Technology
and APTA Draft Guidelines for Cameras and APTA Draft Guidelines for Cameras
and and
Digital Video Recording Systems Digital Video Recording Systems
Model WV
Model WV
-
-
CW970
CW970
Accurate auto tracking capability Accurate auto tracking capability
Template matching algorithm Template matching algorithm
Auto tracking includes Pan, Tilt Auto tracking includes Pan, Tilt
and 2 steps zoom and 2 steps zoom
Object can be locked to track Object can be locked to track
from the controller to support from the controller to support
operator operator s activity s activity
Masking can specify tracking Masking can specify tracking
area limit area limit
Camera, tracking DSP and micro Camera, tracking DSP and micro
processor are all in one for ease processor are all in one for ease
of setup and installation of setup and installation
Same SDIII performance and Same SDIII performance and
features available in WV features available in WV- -CW960 CW960
VMD and Template Matching VMD and Template Matching
sy sy
sx sx
Templat Templat
e e
An Aid to Identification
An Aid to Identification

the
the
Intelligent Auto Tracking Camera
Intelligent Auto Tracking Camera
Low Cost Low Cost
Video Video
Analytic! Analytic!
Intelligent Auto Tracking
Automatic Multi-Step Zoom Acquires Target
and follows without interference
Creates a better opportunity to identify subject
Successful Hand-offto another PTZ Camera
Original Camera resumes Auto Mode
Return Return
to to
Auto Auto
Mode Mode
Camera 1 Camera 1 Camera 2 Camera 2 Camera 1 Camera 1 Camera 2 Camera 2 Camera 1 Camera 1
Camera 1 Camera 1 Camera 1 Camera 1 Camera 1 Camera 1
MIX MIX
1. 1. Double speed CCD outputs short & long signal to capture the brig Double speed CCD outputs short & long signal to capture the bright & ht &
dark image. dark image.
2. 2. DSP combines signals to provide 128x dynamic range. DSP combines signals to provide 128x dynamic range.
3. 3. Area Free (Pixel Based) Natural Contrast Image Correction Area Free (Pixel Based) Natural Contrast Image Correction
optimizes the gray optimizes the gray- -scale image in response to the input signal level of scale image in response to the input signal level of
each individual pixel. each individual pixel.
4. 4. Regardless of object position, size, shape, or number it deliver Regardless of object position, size, shape, or number it delivers s
smoother natural reproduction of high smoother natural reproduction of high contrast images. contrast images.
Super Dynamic III Super Dynamic III
PLUS PLUS
Short signal for bright Short signal for bright
Long signal for dark Long signal for dark
Area Free (Pixel Based) Natural Contrast Image Correction Area Free (Pixel Based) Natural Contrast Image Correction
Key Technology for High Contrast Light Scene:
Key Technology for High Contrast Light Scene:
SDIII Pixel Based 128x Dynamic Range
SDIII Pixel Based 128x Dynamic Range
Threshold level & Gray scale Correction table Threshold level & Gray scale Correction table Signal Mix Signal Mix
Use Lens Estimator to Size Lens
Enter Scene Enter Scene
Height, Width Height, Width
and Distance and Distance
for Each for Each
Camera Camera
As an As an
alternate, note alternate, note
actual viewing actual viewing
angle on angle on
scaled scaled
diagram diagram
Determine Determine
Object Height Object Height
on Monitor to on Monitor to
Match Match
Functional Functional
Requirement Requirement
Determine Determine
Focal Length Focal Length
Video Site Survey Physical
Aspects
Viewing Angle Viewing Angle
Environment Environment
Lighting type, level Lighting type, level
Reflectance/ Reflectance/
Emissivity Emissivity
Obstructions Obstructions
Temperature Temperature
Humidity Humidity
Corrosives Corrosives
Water Water
Vandalism Vandalism
Mounting Conditions Mounting Conditions
Cabling Entry Cabling Entry
Requirements Requirements
Accessibility Accessibility
Special Special Objects / Objects /
Scenes (some Scenes (some
examples) examples)
Vehicles Vehicles
License Plates License Plates
Shoreline/Border Shoreline/Border
Transit Platforms Transit Platforms
Camera Functions

In Critical Locations, Back up PTZ

In Critical Locations, Back up PTZ
Cameras with a Fixed Camera
Cameras with a Fixed Camera

Consider Activation Methods for

Consider Activation Methods for
PTZ Camera Preset Acquisition in
PTZ Camera Preset Acquisition in
Survey
Survey

Use widest usable field of view for

Use widest usable field of view for
fixed camera
fixed camera
Site Survey Cycle

Enter Site Survey Data (Rough

Enter Site Survey Data (Rough
Sketches,
Sketches,

Location Notes)
Location Notes)

Normalize Devices by Camera Types

Normalize Devices by Camera Types

Transfer to Floor Plans

Transfer to Floor Plans

Verify samples with actual site

Verify samples with actual site
Let there be light!
Color
Temp
Chart
A
T
W
1
A
T
W
1
A
T
W
2
A
T
W
2
A
W
C
A
W
C
Camera Settings Camera Settings
CRI Color Rendition Index
Lighting Type Color
Rendition
Index
Relative Image
Reproduction
Daylight 100 Excellent
Incandescent 97 Excellent
Fluorescent 87-94 Excellent
Halogen 90-97 Excellent
LP Sodium 5 Poor
HP Sodium 30 Poor => Fair
Mercury Vapor 43 Poor => Fair
Metal Halide 70 Good
Reflectance
The ratio of the total amount of spectral
radiation, reflected by a surface to the total
amount of radiation incident on the surface
Luminance
Luminance is the intensity of
brightness (in candela per unit
area) of a surface
Higher luminance values are
associated with brighter surfaces.
Luminance
Concrete is 1.77 times more luminous
than asphalt
(reference chart; equation below)
Luminance Uniformity
Luminance uniformity is another significant
factor in the lighting of parking lots
represented by the maximum to minimum horizontal
luminance ratio (max:min)
High max:min ratios, certain areas of parking
lots can have low luminance levels
Associated with poor visibility
Low max:min ratios present a more uniform
luminance distribution.
Asphalt has a max:min luminance ratio of 1.97
times greater than concrete
Concrete has a more uniform luminance distribution
Emmissivity of common materials
Wood Wood planed oak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . planed oak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.90 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.90
Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.95 0.96 0.96
Paints, lacquers, and varnishes Paints, lacquers, and varnishes Black matte shellac . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.91 Black matte shellac . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.91
Glass Glass - - Pyrex, lead, soda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pyrex, lead, soda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.85 . . . . . . . . 0.85 0.95 0.95
Brick Brick red and rough . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . red and rough . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.93 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.93
Asphalt, tar, pitch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asphalt, tar, pitch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.95 1.00 1.00
Stainless steel Stainless steel polished . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . polished . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.07 . . . . . . . . . 0.07
Iron and steel (excluding stainless) Iron and steel (excluding stainless) oxidized dull wrought iron . . . .. . . . . . 0.94 oxidized dull wrought iron . . . .. . . . . . 0.94
Iron and steel (excluding stainless) Iron and steel (excluding stainless) polished iron . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.14 polished iron . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.14 0.38 0.38
Chromium Chromium polished . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . polished . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.08 . . . . . . 0.08 0.36 0.36
IR Surveillance System
Components
IP66 Rated Housing for IP66 Rated Housing for
Environmental Resistance Environmental Resistance
Day/Night Camera has IR Day/Night Camera has IR
Sensitivity to match IR Sensitivity to match IR
Illuminator Illuminator
Hi Speed Hi Speed Lens means the Lens means the
Max. Aperture is large Max. Aperture is large
(small number like f/0.75 ~ (small number like f/0.75 ~
f/2) f/2)
IP66 Rated IP66 Rated
Housing Housing
Hi Speed Hi Speed
Varifocal Varifocal Lens Lens
IR Illuminator IR Illuminator
Day/Night Day/Night
Camera Camera
w/ w/
Auto Auto
BackFocus BackFocus
Auto Auto BackFocus BackFocus Operation Operation
Camera/Lens Issues with IR
Illumination
CCTV Cameras - Automatic Switchover
Day/Night : Color to B/W
Duration/Level Adjustments
Anti Day/Night Mode Hunting
Day / Night and IR Compatible Lenses
Automatic Axial chromatic aberration
compensation (focus shift)
Axial chromatic aberration is a phenomenon of being out
of focus on the optical axis which is caused by light
wavelength
Lenses may respond to various IR ranges
(700nm~ 1,500nm)
Reading Camera IR Response
Curves
Find the Wavelength(s) that the IR illuminator will
produce
Camera on right has 33% greater IR response at 850
nm
Camera will product a brighter image with same IR
illuminator
Video System Design Best
Practices
Make sure users have the live and recorded
image quality they need
Maintain most favorable criteria for your
project
Lowest Reasonable Cost for System
Increase the number of ways you can access your
video information
Spend as much as you can afford to
strengthen and secure your network
Do not have one device service too many user
or perform many functions Improve your
System Survivability
Model all network-based systems prior to
specification phase
Conclusions
The Assessment and Survey Process The Assessment and Survey Process
increases awareness increases awareness
Think Think like a thief like a thief and ways to defeat the and ways to defeat the
system system
Expect wider ranging environmental conditions Expect wider ranging environmental conditions
(light, etc.) than seen at survey (light, etc.) than seen at survey
If using wireless technologies, you must If using wireless technologies, you must
conduct a separate RF Survey conduct a separate RF Survey
Limit the Camera Usage to its primary function Limit the Camera Usage to its primary function
Use additional Cameras for simultaneous Use additional Cameras for simultaneous
functions in critical areas functions in critical areas