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Expt No.

: DESIGN AND DRAFTING CONTROL COMPONENTS GEAR


Date:

AIM:
INTRODUCTION TO GEARS:
Gears are toothed members which transmit power / motion between two shafts by
meshing without any slip. Hence, gear drives are also called positive drives. In any pair of
gears, the smaller one is called pinion and the larger one is called gear immaterial of which is
driving the other.
When pinion is the driver, it results in step down drive in which the output speed
decreases and the torque increases. On the other hand, when the gear is the driver, it results in
step up drive in which the output speed increases and the torque decreases.
CLASSIFICATION OF GEARS:
Gears are classified according to the shape of the tooth pair and disposition into spur,
helical, double helical, straight bevel, spiral bevel and hypoid bevel, worm and spiral gears
and this is shown in Fig. 1

Fig. 1.6 (a) Spur gear, (b) helical gear, (c) Double helical gear or herringbone gear, (d)
Internal gear , (e) Rack and pinion, (f) Straight bevel gear, (g) Spiral bevel gear, (h)
Hypoid bevel gear , (i) worm gear and (j) Spiral gear



NOMENCLATURE OF SPUR GEAR

Design Procedure:
Given:
n
1
= Speed of Pinion
n
2
= Speed of Gear
z
1
=Number of teeth on Pinion
z
2
=Number of Teeth on Gear
P = Power
=Pressure Angle

o1
=Allowable Static Stress for Pinion

o2
=Allowable Static Stress for Gear
Step: 1 To Identify Weaker member
Details

Y Capacity of y Remarks
Pinion
1
y
1

1
y
1

Gear
2
y
2

2
y
2




The member with smaller
o
y is weaker member. The design should be based on weaker
member.
For

involute pressure angle, the lewis factor(y) is



For 20 involute pressure angle, the lewis factor(y) is


Step:2 Design Based on strength of weaker member
(a) Tangential tooth load due to power transmission


Where
C
s
= Serive factor = 1.5 (Based up on no. of hours /day service)
r = radius of the pinion and gear
(b)Lewis equation for tangential tooth load


Where
b = face width = 9.5m to 12.5m
p = pitch
K
v
=Velocity factor that depends on velocity
Equate (2) and (1) for strength and find module m by trial and error procedure
Equation (1) will be

and equation (2)


After equating (2) and (1) we get m
3
K
v
= (.....)
Since m and Kv are interdependent, trial and procedure is to be adopted.
To start first trail, approximately take


Select the neatest standard module value

STEP: 3 Dimensions:
(a)Pitch Diameters, for Pinion


for Gear


(b)Centre distance


(c)Addendum and dedendum for 14.5 involute pressure angle
Addendum (h
a
) = 1m
Dedendum (h
f
) = 1.157m

(c)Addendum Diameters
* For pinion


* For gears


(d)Dedendum Diameters
* For pinion


* For gears

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