What is TQM?

TQM is the integration of all function and processes within an organization in order to achieve continuous
improvement of the quality goods and services the goal of customer satisfaction.
No doubt, humans are always deficient

TQM is the a Philosophy that emphasize shared responsibility Quality improvement is achieved by focusing on
customer needs and streaming the process
It is characterized by measurement, objective setting, and root because analysis of defects, problem solving and
team work.
Q2) what is the software quality assurance?
The software quality assurance (SQA) is the concern of every software engineer to reduce costs and improve product
time-to-market. A software quality assurance plan is not merely another name of test plan, thought test plans are
included in an SQA plan. SQA activities are performed on every software project. Use of metrics is an important part of
developing a strategy to improve the quality of both software process and work products.
SQA is a natural evaluation of the more traditional Quality control which relied almost totally on end of line inspection
to meet out and identify failures. Quality assurance takes a more holistic approach base on the idea that identifying and
removing the causes of defects is a more programmatic and cost effects solution. Hence QA is not as dependent on end
of line inspection as quality control.

Q3) Quality Assurance Elements?
Standards: ensure that standards are adopted and followed
Reviews and Audits: Audits are reviews performed by SQA personnel to ensure that quality guidelines are followed for all
software engineering work.
Testing: Ensure that testing is properly planned and conducted.
Defect collection and analysis: collections and analyses error and defect data to better understand how errors are
introduced and can be eliminated.
Education: takes lead in software process improvement and educational program.
Vendor Management: Suggests specific quality practices vendor should follow and incorporates quality mandates in
vendor contracts.
Security Management: Ensure use of appropriate process and technology to achieve desired security level.
Safety: Responsible for assessing impact of software failure and initiating steps to reduce risk.
Risk Management: Ensure risk management activities are properly conducted and contingency plans have been
established.
SQA Tasks:
Prepare SQA plan for the project
Participate in the development of the projects software process description
Review software engineering activities to verify compliance with those defined as part of the software process
Ensure any deviation in software or work products to a documented handled according to a documented
procedure
Record any evidence of noncompliance and reports them to management
Formal SQA:
Assumes that a rigorous syntax and semantics can be defined for every programming semantics can be defined
for every programming language.
Allows the use of a rigorous approach to the specification of software requirements.
Applies mathematical proof of correctness techniques to demonstrate that a program conforms to its
specification.