Electricity and Magnetism Review

Standards
1. Magnetism
Here are a few things to remind you about
magnetism.
Magnets have two poles, north and south.

A magnet's force is strongest at the poles
(the ends)
Like poles repel

Unlike poles attract

Not all metals are
magnetic. It must contain iron to be
magnetic.
The Earth is like a giant magnet. It has a
north and south pole. The Earth has an
invisible magnetic field that surrounds it,
just like a magnet.
Can you answer these questions?
This picture shows two
bar magnets set down next to each other. What will most
likely happen?
Each magnet will turn from horizontal to vertical,
with N up
The magnets will repel each other
The magnets will attract each other
Nothing will happen until a current is switched on

If two objects both have a negative charge what will they
do?
They will attract toward each other
They will repel away from each other
They will do nothing
You can sprinkle iron filings around a
magnet. Where will the iron filings be most
concentrated?
at the source of the current
at the poles
toward the magnetic switch
toward the center of the magnet

2.
Electromag
nets and
Generators
Here are a
few facts
about electromagnets and
generators...
You can make a magnet using electricity -
called an electromagnet
You can make electricity using a magnet -
called a generator



There are 3 ways to change the strength of
an electromagnet:
o wind wire around an iron
core, like a nail
o add more winds to the coil
o increase the battery power
Electromagnets are used in things like:
fans, doorbells, washing machines, and
dryers.
Can you answer these questions?
If a magnet is moved back
and forth inside a coil wire, what will happen?
The force of the magnet becomes greater
The magnet loses its magnetic properties
The coil of wire grows very hot
The motion creates an electric current

Which of these is the main characteristic of
electromagnets that makes them useful in simple
tools, such as hair dryers and doorbells?
They can be very strong
They cannot transmit electricity
They can be switched on and off
They can be made of plastic

Which does not affect the strength of an electromagnet?
adding water
size of the nail in the core
amount of current from the battery
number of coils of wire

3. Circuits
Here are a few facts about circuits...
For electricity to flow the circuit must be
complete or closed.
The flow of electricity is called current
The current flows in 1 direction
If you reverse current it will flow in the
opposite direction. For example, if you flip
the battery the current will go the other
way.
Electrical current makes a magnetic field
Can you answer these questions?

This shows
some electric
devices on a
circuit. On
this circuit,
which of the
devices will
work?
only the fan
the lights and the doorbell
only the light
the light, the doorbell, and the fan

The picture shows a fan spinning
clockwise. What would happen if the
current changed direction?


it would spin faster
it would spin slower
it would spin in the opposite direction
it would not change


4. Converting Electricity
Electricity can be used to heat, move, or
light things.
Heat Light Motion


Can you answer these questions?
Which of the following performs its function by
converting electrical energy to motion?
electric stove
toaster
electric mixer
iron

Which of the following converts electric energy to
heat and motion?
electric fan
flashlight
hair dryer
electric iron

6. Static Electricity?
Here are some things you need to know about
static electricity...
You can move electrons from one thing to
another by rubbing, like shuffling your feet
across the floor.
You get shocked when you touch a
doorknob because the extra electrons are
pulled toward the protons in the
metal.
An unequal amount of
electrons causes 2 objects to
attract

An equal amount of
electrons causes 2 objects to
repel
Can you answer these questions?
Why can you get a shock if you touch a metal
doorknob after walking across a wool carpet?
You have gained electrons; the doorknob has
no electrons
You have gained neutrons; the doorknob has
fewer neutrons
You have lost electrons; the doorknob has
many electrons
You have gained electrons; the doorknob has
fewer electrons

A child rubbed two balloons with a piece of
wool. What will happen when the balloons are
brought near each other?
the balloons will repel each other
the balloons will attract each other
the balloons will become positively charged
the balloons will pop

1. What is Matter?
Look around the classroom. Everything, from the
clothes you are wearing to the air you breath is
matter. Matter is very important. Matter makes up
everything including living things like plants
and people. It also makes non-living things such
as tables and chairs. Things as big as an elephant or as
tiny as a grain of sand on a beach are matter.
Everything is matter and matter comes in three
different states: solid, liquid and gas. That means that
everything is either a solid, a liquid, or a gas. Each
state has properties.
2. What does property mean?
Each state has properties, but what does that
mean?
A property describes how an object looks, feels, or
acts. So that means that liquids look, act, or feel
differently than solids or gases.
One property of all matter, whether it's
a solid, liquid, or gas, is that it takes up space and
has mass.
To help you decide if something is a solid, a liquid or
a gas, you need to know the properties, (how it looks,
acts or feels) of these three states.

3. What are the properties of a solid?
1. Solids don't change shape easily.
Think of a piece of paper, you can change its shape by
crumpling it, but it doesn't change its shape by
itself. You have to use your energy to make the shape
change.
If you put a solid in a container it won't change its
shape... No matter how much you move or slide it
around. Think of an ice cube inside a cup. The cube is
solid and it stays the same shape.
2. Solid particles don't move
around.
3. Solid particles are in an
aligned array. Look at the
pictures. Notice the circles
(particles) are lined up in tight
rows. They are so tight they
can't move, they just wiggle.



4. What are the properties of liquids?
1. Liquids take the shape of their container.
If you pour milk into a glass it will take the
shape of the glass. If you pour the milk into a bowl, it
takes the shape of the bowl.
2. Liquids have surface tension. The particles hold
on to each other, like holding hands with a friend. The
skin or surface of a glass filled with water holds
together because the particles hold one to each
other. That is called surface tension.
3. Liquids move around. The particles in liquids are
farther apart than those of solids, so they can move
around more. That's why liquids take the shape of
their container.

5. What are the properties of gas?
1. Gas is invisible. That means you can't see it. The
particles are so far apart they are invisible, but they
are still there! Think about oxygen. You can't see it,
but you know it's there because you breath it.
2. Gas particles move
around freely. They are
spread out move fast, like
when you are running on the
playground at recess.

Question: What is the gas you inhale (breath
in)? What is the gas you exhale (breath out)?






6. Review
Now that you've taken notes about the properties of
matter, click on the link below to review what you've
learned about solids, liquids and gases.
ReviseWise Matter

7.
Challenge Questions:
1. Think about a can of soda. All three states of
matter are there.
What part is solid matter?
What part is liquid matter?
What part is gas matter?
2. What about you? All three states of matter are a
part of you.
Name a part of you that is solid.
Name a part of you that is liquid.
Name a part of you that is gas (hint - think about
breathing)
3. A basketball has only two states of matter.

What two states of matter are in a basketball?