JAN GEHL, PROFESSOR, DR,LITT.

FOUNDING PARTNER: GEHL ARCHITECTS

URBAN QUALITY CONSULTANTS, COPENHAGEN
PUBLIC SPACES - PUBLIC LIFE
-for the 21st CENTURY
Those were the days when
architects were big, and people
were quite smal....
Graduation
1960
Life Between
Buildings
1st edition 1971
Published in many
versions
15 languages
New City
Spaces - 2001
Public Spaces
Public Life
- 1996
New City Life -
2006
4
decades
of
research
MAKING PEOPLE VISIBLE
IN THE PLANNING PROCES
..and making Architects,Landscape Architects
& Planners study People before they design....
1900: Nine
times more
residents in this
house than
today
Corbussier
1924
CIAM
Athens Charter
1933
1900
mid 1950s
2000
Perth, West Australia Elsinore, Denmark
Carinvasion
Jane Jacobs
1961
Strget
Copenhagen
pedestrian st.
1962
Copenhagen School
* Life Between Buildings
*Copenhagen Surveys
1971..2006 1968, 1985, 1995, 2005
First Oil Crisis 1973
Traffic Calming 1970s
1998
NEW ATHENS CHARTER
OF CITY PLANN
GEHL Architects
Urban Quality Consultants
Staff: 36
Awerage Age: 34
Women in Staff: 65% Current
Projects: 80 In 30
Countries
- Lively City
- Attractive City
- Safe City
- Sustainable City
- Healthy City
Area of Expertise
Copenhagen
London
Edinburgh
Oslo
Perth
Adelaide
Melbourne
Brisbane
Cape Town
Richmond
Seattle
San Fransisco
Wellington
Christchurch
Amman
Stockholm
Riga
Rotterdam
Zrich
Major City Improvement Projects:
New York
Sydney
x x
Comming Projects
Current Projects
Previous Projects
JAN GEHL, PROFESSOR, DR,LITT.
FOUNDING PARTNER: GEHL ARCHITECTS
URBAN QUALITY CONSULTANTS, COPENHAGEN
PUBLIC SPACES - PUBLIC LIFE
-in the 21st CENTURY
THE HUMAN DIMENSION
- introducing the Client
IN SEARCH OF A HUMAN SCALE
THE CLIENT:
A slow, linear, horizontal,
max 5 km/h walking creature
5 km/hour Architecture
small spaces
small signals
details
people
close ups + distant views
60 km/hour Architecture
large spaces
huge signals
no details
no people
Dubai 2005
Venice 2005
THE BRASILIA SYNDROME !
(City Planning from 10.000 meter above the ground )
Units are getting bigger and bigger
- but people are still slow and small
If in doubt
-leave some meters OUT
Think BIG
- but allways rember to make people places small
IN CONCLUSION
Small is beautiful
Slow is beautiful
Low is beautiful
Prerequisities for Planning:
Human Body
Human Movements
Human Senses
Human Interaction
Human Behaviour
2. THE CITIES
Public Space as Meeting Place
Public Space as Market Place
Public Space as Connection Space
The traditional city......forever
Parantes
The invaded city....from 1950s
Saturday morning, Westport, Ireland
Rumenia
Rumenia
Wednesday afternoon, Dubai
The Carinvasion gets worser every day,
until someone puts their foot down and
decides to do something about it.
Bogota, Colombia - 6 mio. Inh.
The reconquered city...from 1980s
GEHL ARCHITECTS
-Urban Quality Consultants
Wanted:
- Lively City
- Attractive City
- Safe City
- Sustainable City
- Healthy City
Willingnes to place
constraints to the vehicular
traffic
Reconqured Cities
Keywords
London Congestion Charge 2003
Improved Public Transport
Reconqured Cities
Keywords:
New Trams: Bordeux New Metro: openhagen
New Trams: Strasbourg New Bus Rapid Transit, Bogota
Bicycling: Please Bike
Reconqured Cities
Keywords
CICLOVIA Bogota ,Colombia Grandmother, Copenhagen
Careful planning for
Walking and Public Life
Reconqured Cities
Keywords:
9 Reconqured Cities
Barcelona
Lyon
Strasbourg
Freiburg
Copenhagen
Portland
Curitiba
Bogota
Melbourne
There is much more to walking -than walking!
A mode of transport - but with a potential for much more
-and the much more is by far the more interesting part!
You can walk -and walk - and walk....
Slide 63
-but you could just as well walk`n-talk
- or walk`n-watch (and be watched!)
Slide 63
- or walk`n-wink
-or you can stop`n watch
If you can find a vacant bollard ! (Campo in Siena, Italy)
-or you can stop`n-talk
-or you can walk`n-waltz`
-or you can stop`n - watch`n - learn
-and whenever you feel like
you can adress your fellow
citiziens
Summing up:
We are talking about
life itself!
-everything worth
talking about happens
when you are on your
feet -that`s what we
were made for!
What is good about
bicycling?
It is easy to bring the bicycle
along
Yes, we can
easily become
pedestrians
True door to
door transport
Pedestrian
s and
bicyclists
are in
family
It takes up little space
Same distance
and the different
use of energy
10 bicycles = 1 car
parking space
Bicycle tracks are efficient
5 times more people can move per hour on
a bicycle track compared with a lane for
cars
It is good for the environment -
no pollution
It also uses less energy
Even less than walking!
Same distance
and the different
use of energy
(Measured in
potatoes)
It is good for the environment -
no noise
It is good for your health
Bicyclists live longer
30 minutes of exercise every day
= 7 more years to live!
Bicyclists live longer
Danes who bicycle to work every day
reduce the risk of serious diseases with
50%
Politiken Danish Newspaper
28.04.2000
We must reduce pollution in
cities - biking is part of the
solution
Bicycling is C02 neutral
Copenhageners
cycling save over
90.000 t CO
2
annually
23 billion Dkr in
savings for
society if the
Danes would
use the bicycle
50% more
(5 billions Australian $)
In this City everything will be
done to invite people to walk and
bicycle as much as possible in
the course of their daily day
doings
PUBLIC SPACE PUBLIC LIFE SURVEYS:
Public Spaces & Public Life, Perth,1993
Places for People, Melbourne , 1994
Public Spaces & Public Life, Adelaide, 2002
Places for People, Melbourne , 2004
SYDNEY
Study area 2.200.000
m2
SYDNEY 2007
PROTECTION
COMFORT
ENJOYMENT
Piazza Il Campo, Siena, Italy (14th century)
The Finest Urban Space in the World
- a miracle or straightforward common sense?
Overview of Quality criterias
-The Pedestrian landscape
Campo in Siena
In this City everything will be
done to invite people to walk and
bicycle as much as possible in
the course of their daily day
doings
A brief visit to Copenhagen
-City of Bicycling
Copenhagen-City of Bicycling
-on a citywide network of bicycle lanes
Bicycling in Copenhagen
Constantly improvements
-an efficient, citywide
transportation system
Bicycles are taken
straight through the
street crossings and
the lanes are marked
with blue
Bicycle signals turns
green six seconds before
the car signals
Green wave for bicycles
17 km/h to 20 km/h
- sidewalks and bicycle lanes are taken across
sidestreets, making the city more comfortable and
people friendly!
Regulations: All Taxis must provide
racks for 2 bicycles
Regional Trains
welcoming
bicycles
New Metro - please bring your bike
Are lifts are provided? Yes, of course!
A bicycle culture have step by step
been developed
Everybody bikes
Everybody bikes
Ministers from the cabinet & eve
visitors do it...
Mother in law:Age 85
Age 92
Even old folks do it!
(Its open to age groups 5-85+)
Copenhagen
Bicycle Account
1998
P
e
o
p
le

w
it
h

h
i
g
h

in
c
o
m
e

b
ik
e

m
o
r
e

in

C
o
p
e
n
h
a
g
e
n
!
The Danish Crown Prince is
doing it too
Two guys on the
road towards the
throne
Princes Frederik and
Christian on their
way to the day care
50% Tasmanian kid !
Bicycling has doubled in 10 years
Inner city morning peak
Going to work in the City of Copenhagen
36% use bicycle
27% drive car
33% use public transit
5% walk
70% continue to bike in the winter
Slide 115
Major complaint 2002:
Congestion
-on the bicycle lanes!
more biking less accidents
Official City Poster
September 2007
Copenhagen
The No 1 Bicycle
in the World
Goals for 2015:
50% of all comuting
on bicycles
Bicycle Accidents to
be halved
Copenhagen
Melbourne oct 07
CITY OF NEW YORK
-have started building 6000 kilometers o
bicycle lanes
-ONE STONE
-FIVE BIRDS
- Lively City
- Attractive City
- Safe City
- Sustainable City
- Healthy City
WELCOME TO THE 21st CENTURY