What are the guidelines for effectively choosing and using evidence?
Name three kinds of evidence.
Writing Arguments Argument as Inquiry Using Evidence Effectively Argument Synthesis
Argument is not a fight or a quarrel creative & productive activity engages high levels of inquiry and critical thinking often in conversation with liked and respected people
Argument is not a Pro-Con Debate desire for truth aims to find best solution to complex problem goal isnt to win a game; goal is to find and promote best belief or course of action
Arguments can be explicit or implicit explicit directly states its controversial claim and supports it with reasons and evidence implicit is opposite (pic, slogans, etc) both used to persuade
Arguments requires justification of its claims must meet two conditions 1. set of two+ conflicting assertions 2. attempt to resolve conflict through an appeal to reason must clarify and support reasons
Argument and the Problem of Truth does not mean finding right answer to disputed question means determining best answer or best solution for the good of entire community when all stakeholders are considered means argument does not prove claim but only makes reasonable case for claim opinion based upon examination of all evidence
Every thesis prompts an opposing thesis (antithesis) Conflict between these views leads to a new claim (synthesis) Synthesis incorporates aspects of both views What is a synthesis essay?
What is an argumentative synthesis essay?
Written discussion that draws on multiple sources Must infer relationships among sources Before inferring relationships must be able to summarize Must go beyond summary to make judgments (critique) Must be able to apply source information to topic (analyze) Purpose is to persuade
Thesis is a claim about which reasonable people could disagree
Strategy is to find and use convincing support for your claim A. Introduction 1. background information 2. thesis statement B. Claim 1 1. argue 2. expert opinion 3. argue 4. expert opinion 5. argue 6. expert opinion 7. assumption (Repeat for each claim) D. Conclusion A. Introduction 1. background information 2. According to popular media, the American Dream means providing for family, striving for equality, and getting rich quick. B. Cinderella Man providing for family 1. looking for work at the docks 2. find scholarly source about employment 3. we dont steal 4. find scholarly source about maintaining values 5. we are better off than most people 6. find scholarly source about financially raising a family 7. These prove that according to the movie, the American Dream means providing for family. (Repeat for each claim) D. Conclusion 4 5 pages 5 sources Introduction Organization Conclusion Grammar & Mechanics Writing Process In-text Citations References Page Synthesis rough draft