EPS Derivative Diagnostic Library

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p
t
Dt
Dt
e
Logarithmic derivative
Elapsed time in a drawdown
Elapsed (shut-in) time in a buildup
Agarwal equivalent drawdown time for a buildup
ETR Early time region
MTR Middle time region
LTR Late time region
0s Derivative plateau
1/2s Half slope
1/4s Quarter slope
1s Unit slope
-1/2s Negative half slope
-1s Negative unit slope
CRD Constant rate drawdown
InfCon Infinite conductivity
FinCon Finite conductivity
W Channel width
L Distance to nearest boundary
Lw horizontal well length
L Dimensionless horizontal well length
D
m Ideal slope of semilog graph i.e. m = qm(4pkh)
BUD Buildup under desuperpostion (slider method)
BUF Buildup functioned with Agarwal equivalent time
BU-MDH Buildup without superposition or desuperposition
CPUB Constant pressure upper boundary
CBLB Constant pressure lower boundary
PRF Pseudo-radial flow
IWS Ideal wellbore storage
NWS Non-ideal wellbore storage
Nomenclature
Vertical Fractured Well
Diagnostic Diagnostic
Diagnostic
Diagnostic Diagnostic
Diagnostic
Model Model
Model
Model Model
Model
p p
p
p p
p
t t
t
t t
t
Fractured Well (InfCon) Fractured Well (FinCon) MTR
MTR
MTR
MTR
ETR
ETR
ETR ETR
ETR
ETR
ETR
0s
0s
0s
0s
0s 0s
0s
1/2s
1/2s
1/4s
1/4s
1s
Horizontal Fracture
Horizontal Fracture Horizontal Fracture
CRD
CRD
CRD
CRD CRD
CRD
CRD CRD
Thin Reservoir
M
T
R
M
T
R
F > 10
CD
F < 10
CD
Conductive Lens
"Geoskin"
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
Diagnostic Diagnostic Model Model
p p
t t
MTR
0s
ETR
1/2s
1/4s
Apparent Quarter Slope
CRD
CRD B7 B8
with Storage and Skin
0s
0s
1s
1/4s
M
T
R
ETR
Fractured Well (InfCon) Fractured Well (InfCon)
1/2s
1/2s
1/2s
Fractured Well (FinCon)
Diagnostic Model
p
t CRD
Limited Height Fracture
h
f
x
f
MTR ETR
HS
DP
IC
B9
Diagnostic Model
p
Dt
e
BUF
B10
Fractured Well (IC)
Agarwal Overcorrection
ETR
HS
US
Horizontal Wells
Diagnostic Diagnostic
Diagnostic
Diagnostic Diagnostic
Diagnostic
Model Model
Model
Model Model
Model
p p
p
p p
p
t t
t
t t
t
H1
Lw
Lw
Lw
Lw
Horizontal Well
Horizontal Well
Horizontal Well
Horizontal Well
Horizontal Well Horizontal Well
Horizontal Well Horizontal Well
No Flow Upper and Lower
Boundaries
No Flow Upper and Lower
Boundaries
CRD
CRD CRD
CRD
MTR MTR MTR LTR LTR LTR
LTR
LTR
LTR
0s 0s
0s 0s
0s
0s
0s 0s
0s
0sP
1/2s
1/2s
-1/2s
1/2s
0s
1/2s
1/4s
H2
L > 10
D
L > 10
D
Acid Stimulation
PRF
Natural Fractures
plus Face Skin
ETR
Offset Position
Tight Matrix
H3
H4
H5 H6
M
T
R
M
T
R
m
2m
L < 0.2
D
Drain
Hole
Diagnostic Diagnostic Model Model
p
p
t t
H7
Gas Cap
Support (CPUB)
Horizontal Well Horizontal Well LTR LTR
0s
0s
M
T
R
M
T
R
m
m
2m
2m
Strong Bottom
Water (CPLB)
H8
CRD or BU-MDH
Diagnostic Model
p
t
Horizontal Well
Dual Porosity Strata
Low Perm. Layer
0s
1/4s
ETR
H9 CRD
CRD or BU-MDH
0s
0s
0s
Diagnostic Model
p
t
H10
Horizontal
Well
Matrix
Damage
Conductive
Fault
1/2s
-1/2s
1/4s
Wellbore Storage Overlay
Diagnostic Diagnostic
Diagnostic
Diagnostic Diagnostic
Diagnostic
Model Model
Model
Model Model
Model
p p
p
p p
p
t t
t
t t
t
Ideal Wellbore Storage
Homogeneous Reservoir
Nonideal Wellbore Storage
Homogeneous Reservoir
Phase Redistribution
- the "famous spike"
MTR
MTR
MTR ETR
ETR
ETR
11/2 Log
Cycle
1s
1s
1s
0s
0s
0s
I1 I2
NWS
NWS
NWS
NWS
HR
HR
IWS HR
Near Single Fault
Far Single Fault
m
2m
0s
1s
ETR
ETR
LTR
LTR
1s
M
T
R
0s
0s
I3 I4
I5 I6
m
2m
Dual Porosity Strata
Tight Zone
m
m/2
0s
M
T
R
0s
ETR
NWS
CRD
CRD
CRD CRD CRD CRD
CRD CRD
CRD
Diagnostic Diagnostic Model Model
p p
t t
IWS IWS
Fractured Well (InfCon)
Fractured Well (FinCon)
No Skin No Skin ETR MTR
0s
1/2s
1s
1/4s
1s
ETR
Small F
CD
I7 I8
Diagnostic Model
p
t
NWS HR
I9
Phase Redistribution
"Humping"
ETR
M
T
R
0s
1s
m
0s
Diagnostic Model
p
t
I10
ETR
M
T
R
0s
1s
0s
Dual Porosity
Semi-infinite Sealing Fault Systems
Diagnostic
Diagnostic
Diagnostic
Diagnostic Diagnostic
Diagnostic
Model Model
Model
Model Model
Model
p
p
p
p p
p
t t
t
t t
t
L
Single Fault
CRD CRD
CRD CRD
CRD CRD
CRD CRD
MTR
MTR MTR
MTR
M
T
R
M
T
R
M
T
R
LTR
LTR
LTR
LTR
LTR LTR
0s
1/2s
1/2s
1/2s
0s
0s
0s
0s
0s
0s
0s 0s
m
2m
L
Right Angle Faults
m
4m
Limited Extent (Baffle)
L
m
2m
Parallel Faults
Parallel Faults
W
W
W
L
L L
U-Shaped Faults
Well Offset
m
2m
D1 D2
D3 D4
D5 D6
Diagnostic Diagnostic Model Model
p p
Dt Dt
e
BUF BUF
W W
L L
MTR MTR LTR LTR
0s 0s
1/2s
1/2s
1s
Channel Reservoir
Channel Reservoir
Agarwal Overcorrection Yeh Empirical Mod.
D7 D8
Single Fault
Diagnostic Model
p
t
CRD
MTR LTR
D10
L
o
120 Intersecting Faults
m
3m
o
120
Diagnostic Model
p
t CRD D9
o
45
L
o
45 Intersecting Faults
m
8m
M
T
R
LTR
1/2s
0s
0s
0s
0s
Diagnostic Model
p
t CRD
LTR Open-ended U Shape
M
T
R
m
2m
D11
0s
1/2s
0s
Diagnostic Model
p
t CRD
D
P
LTR
M
T
R
m
2m
D12
Major and Minor Fault
0s
0s
1/2s
Double Porosity and Dual Permeability Systems
Diagnostic Diagnostic
Diagnostic
Diagnostic Diagnostic
Diagnostic
Model Model
Model
Model Model
Model
p
p
p
p
p
p
t t
t
t t
t
Diagnostic Model
p
t CRD CRD
CRD
CRD CRD
CRD
CRD
MTR
MTR
MTR
MTR
ETR
ETR
ETR ETR
ETR
LTR
ETR
0s
0s
0s
1s
0s
0s
0s
0s
0s
0s 0s
0s
0s 0s
0s
1/2s
1s
Inf. Conductive Inner
Finite Wellbore Radius
Dual-porosity (transient)
Dual-Porosity (sss)
Interporosity Skin
No Interporosity Skin
m
m
m/2
m/2
Dual Porosity Strata
Tight Zone
High Perm. Zone
Reservoir Storage
High Perm Closed Layer
Infinite Low Perm. Layer
M
T
R
M
T
R
Dual Permeability
Semipermeable Barrier
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
Partially Communicating Faults and Linear Composite Systems
Diagnostic
Diagnostic
Diagnostic
Diagnostic Diagnostic
Diagnostic
Model Model
Model
Model Model
Model
p
p
p
p p
p
t t
t
t t
t
Partially Communicating
Fault
Inf.-Acting
CRD
CRD
CRD CRD
BUF
CRD CRD
CRD or BUD
LTR
LTR
LTR LTR LTR
LTR
LTR LTR
MTR
MTR
MTR
MTR
MTR
m
2m
0s
0s
0s
0s 0s
0s
1s
1s 1s
0s 0s
0s 0s
0s
G1 G2
Linear
Composite
Linear Composite
plus Barrier
Linear
Composite
G4 G3
G5 G6
Two Cell
Compartmentalised
Two Cell
Compartmentalised
Closed Reservoir Compartments
Diagnostic Diagnostic
Diagnostic
Diagnostic Diagnostic
Diagnostic
Model Model
Model
Model Model
Model
p p
p
p p
p
t t
t
t t
t
Closed Square
Closed Square
CRD or BUD
CRD or BUD
CRD or BUD
BUF
BUF
BUF BUF
MTR
MTR
MTR
MTR MTR LTR
LTR
LTR
LTR
LTR LTR
LTR
0s
0s 0s
0s
1s
1s
1s
1/2s
1/2s
1/2s
Rectangular Reservoir
Rectangular Reservoir
Rectangular Reservoir Rectangular Reservoir Rectangular Reservoir
1/2s
Offset Well Offset Well Offset Well
M
T
R
M
T
R
E1
E2
E3 E4
E5 E6
0s 0s
Constant Pressure Boundaries
Diagnostic
Diagnostic
Diagnostic
Diagnostic Diagnostic
Diagnostic
Model Model
Model
Model Model
Model
p p
p
p p
p
t t
t
t t
t
Distant
Gas Cap
0s
0s
0s
-1s
-1s
-1s
MTR
MTR
MTR
LTR
LTR
LTR
Distant
Strong Aquifer
CRD or BU-MDH
CRD or BU-MDH
CRD or BU-MDH
CRD or BU-MDH CRD or BU-MDH
CRD or BU-MDH
CRD or BU-MDH
Gas Cap
Support (CPUB)
LTR LTR
LTR
ETR ETR
0s 0s
Strong Bottom
Water (CPLB)
Nonintersecting
Fracture
1/4s
Channel Reservoir
with Edge Water
CPB
M
T
R
1/2s
0s
F1 F2
F3 F4
F5
F6
Limited Entry and Radial Composite Systems
Diagnostic
Model
p
t CRD
0s
MTR
Homogeneous Reservoir
Infinite-Acting
A1
Diagnostic Model
p
t CRD CRD
MTR ETR
0s
0s
Radial Composite
Tight Inner
A4
Diagnostic Model
p
t CRD
MTR ETR
0s
Limited Entry
A2
Diagnostic Model
p
t CRD
MTR ETR
0s
0s
Radial Composite
Conductive Inner
A5
Diagnostic Model
p
t CRD
MTR ETR
0s
0s
Shale Lens
A6
Diagnostic Model
p
t CRD
MTR ETR
0s
Extreme Limited Entry
A3
-1/2s
Diagnostic Model
p
t
CRD
A8
Well Offset in a Channel
MTR ETR
1/2s
0s
Diagnostic Model
p
t
T
o
p
B
o
tto
m
Pinch-Out
h
CRD
MTR LTR
m
A7
0s
-1/2s