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The measurement principle of laser particle size
light intensity %ariance !y formula (=) comparing this %ariance "ith last %ariance if B4 is greater
than@ turn to third stepC or$
Apdate @ %alue calculate proportionality coefficient !et"een measured %alue and
calculated %alue of e%ery ring light intensity according to formula (>) update "eight %alues Wi of
all particle grade sections according to formula (<).
Depeat second step.
Third step$ the %alue Wi is our "ant final all particle grade sections "eight. The section
percentage can !e calculated !y formula ('()$
The percentage greater than some a particle diameter (screen) is calculated !y formula
('')$
The normal distri!ution of distri!ution function restricti%e method$ the formula is
in the formula
assume
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the formula ('4) turn into
Dandong Bettersize Instruments Ltd.
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The measurement principle of laser particle size
L! is measured light intensity "ith only pure dispersing medium !ut "ithout sample.
Analyzing de%iation and data fit
Analyzing is that the measured data and other e+periment parameter are processed "ith restricti%e
square method of iteration course and educed output.
?stimate an initial particle size distri!ution and input a scattering matri+ to optical model selected
to predict forthcoming light scattering. It is sho"ed in mathematics$
If %ector LH indicates measured data %ector Di indicates result and then they can connect !y the
follo"ing equation$
LHJAiHDi
AiH is scattering matri+ included in optics correction can !e calculated according to scattering
theory accurately.
&ompare the calculated %alue "ith real %alue and use a set of designed correct proHect to modify
and adHust repeat this process until the calculated %alue and measured %alue tally "ith accepta!le
e+tent at the time output the particle size distri!ution as result.
&omparing the least square error of the calculated %alue "ith that of measured %alue It is sho"ed
in mathematics$
DK is the result of present analyzing stage "ith analyse going on the present residual error is
decreasing "ith the reducing of fit the calculated %alue AiHDiK is more closer to measured %alue LH.
:ptical -odel
Laser diffraction particle size tester measures that the range of scattering angle is (.('0
')Lgenerally and the range of particle diameter is o%er 'Gm.
It is #no"n that for such particle diameter and scattering angle scattering character has no relation
"ith the internal optical property of sample. 1uch instruments use usually ,raunhofer scattering
theory !ecause it doesnMt need any assumption to particle optical property.
Actually "hen the particle diameter !egins to reduce to !elo" '(Gm and particles dip in liquid or
are transparency in optics ,raunhofer scattering model occurs errors generally.
In order to measure the particle diameter of least (.()Gm the measure range of the instrument is
!roadened up to '/)L. The scattering of small particles has close relation "ith the optical property
of scattering material under so !ig angle and cannot !e omitted. -ie Theory on scattering meets
the case "hich descri!es the scattering of optical uniform sphere and ma#es some assumptions to
optical property of the particle. -ie Theory includes ,raunhofer scattering and anomalous
scattering model entirely and they are conforma!le in proper range.
&hoose the appropriate optical model for e+periment from the instrument and set it as Nstandard
%alueO. Because of adopting the optical model you neednMt thin# of optical property of the sample
"hen you use the instrument. Po"e%er to ensure high precise sample the optical model is
considered pro!a!ly.
Deri%ati%e diameter and distri!ution statistics
Dandong Bettersize Instruments Ltd.
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The measurement principle of laser particle size
The analysis outcome is the relati%e %olume distri!ution of the particle among a series of particle
size groups and the distri!ution D[m,n] statistics is calculated on !asis of the outcome "hich is
the recognized method !y international. The particle outcome "ithin t"o !oundaries of particle
size groups can !e "or#ed out !y means of inner interpolation.
The definition of deri%ati%e diameter$
In the formula$
Qi are the relati%e %olume among the groups a%erage diameter of the group is di. m and n is
integer indicating the type of deri%ati%e diameter. DR5 /S%olume "eighted a%erage
diameterDR/4Ssurface "eighted a%erage diameterDR'(Sarithmetic a%erage diameter.
Distri!ution statistics
A%erage diameter
1tandard de%iation
1#e"
Turt
1pecific surface area 1pecific surface area11Ais the ratio of total area and gross "eight
of the particle.
Dandong Bettersize Instruments Ltd.
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The measurement principle of laser particle size
1pan and Aniformity
The definition of distri!ution span
1pan is the distri!ution "idth and has no relation "ith middle particle diameterC uniformity is
distri!ution pattern also relation "ith middle particle diameter sho"s the e+tent of distri!ution
de%iating from the middle. The definition is$
Dandong Bettersize Instruments Ltd.
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