Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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International Master in Communication Networks Engineering 2
nd
Edition 2006/2007 Project work thesis: DWDM Networking
____________________________________________________________________________
Project work: SDH & DWDM Networking * Huawei Technologies Italy (June-October 2007) By Tarek Belghith. Page _ 15
3.2.3.2. OADM: Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer
Add/dropping part of channels and the others pass away transparently
The adding/dropping optical channels would be sent to SDH, ATM or IP
equipment.
The through optical channels have not any process
Figure 4 OADM
Besides, the optical signal inside the fiber is subjected to the nonlinear effects,
whose impact is quite important on the transmission power. This latter should be
kept above a given threshold in order to be correctly received by destination node.
Thus, some additional intermediary nodes may be added to the WDM link if needed,
namely OLA and REG sites.
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International Master in Communication Networks Engineering 2
nd
Edition 2006/2007 Project work thesis: DWDM Networking
____________________________________________________________________________
Project work: SDH & DWDM Networking * Huawei Technologies Italy (June-October 2007) By Tarek Belghith. Page _ 16
3.2.3.3. OLA: Optical Line Amplifier
It only amplifies optical signals.
Compensates power loss caused by fiber and other passive optical components
Figure 5 OLA
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International Master in Communication Networks Engineering 2
nd
Edition 2006/2007 Project work thesis: DWDM Networking
____________________________________________________________________________
Project work: SDH & DWDM Networking * Huawei Technologies Italy (June-October 2007) By Tarek Belghith. Page _ 17
3.2.3.4. REG: REGenerator
The Regenerator performs OEO conversion for all optical channels.
All optical channels would be terminated in REG, OTU would regenerate optical
signals and transport to next station
Figure 6 REG
N.B: REG station are costly, so it is suggested to avoid using them, except for
optical signals whose power becomes very low to be received by transponders
(OSNR, PMD, Nonlinearity Effects).
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International Master in Communication Networks Engineering 2
nd
Edition 2006/2007 Project work thesis: DWDM Networking
____________________________________________________________________________
Project work: SDH & DWDM Networking * Huawei Technologies Italy (June-October 2007) By Tarek Belghith. Page _ 18
Figure 7 DWDM System Overview
Optional Amplifier
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OTM : Optical Terminal Multiplexer (40 s)
OADM : Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (2/4 s)
OA : Optical Amplifier, C-Band (Amplified output at 1530-1565nm)
OSC : Optical Supervisory Channel
FIU : Fiber Interface Unit (Adds/ Drops OSC)
SCC : System control and communication and performance monitoring units
International Master in Communication Networks Engineering 2
nd
Edition 2006/2007 Project work thesis: DWDM Networking
____________________________________________________________________________
Project work: SDH & DWDM Networking * Huawei Technologies Italy (June-October 2007) By Tarek Belghith. Page _ 19
3.2.4. OMS concept: Optical Multiplexing Section
The section between 3R functions transponders:
The section between OTM and OTM;
The section between OTM and REG;
For OADM stations, the section between OTM/REG and site with
adding/dropping wavelengths.
Figure 8 OMS
3.3. Network Solution for OPERATOR-X project
3.3.1. Contents
The total solution for the aforesaid operator includes all the technical parts namely
the Network Design Requirements and Specifications, the System Signal Flow, the
Network Structure and Design Diagram, and some Highlights of HUAWEI Proposed
Solution.
3.3.2. Customer Requirements:
Power and PMD Budget
Fiber Attenuation Coefficient 0.22dB/km
Maximum Loss per Connector 0.5dB
Connectors for Each Span 2
Fiber Margin 3.0dB
Middle J oint Connection Loss 1.5dB
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OAS: Optical Amplifier Span
OMS: Optical Multiplexing Section
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International Master in Communication Networks Engineering 2
nd
Edition 2006/2007 Project work thesis: DWDM Networking
____________________________________________________________________________
Project work: SDH & DWDM Networking * Huawei Technologies Italy (June-October 2007) By Tarek Belghith. Page _ 20
Extra Attenuation 1.5dB for A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6
PMD Coefficient of Fiber 0.1(ps/km1/2)
Station type and capacity
System Capacity 800G system, 50GHZ spacing
Type A 80 channels for each direction
Type B At least 20 channels
Type C At least 40 channels
Type D ROADM node, at least 40 channels
Type E Can be treating as REG node or OLA node.
Type F
Can only be OLA node, equipments should
be put in the existing rack (ETSI: 600 x 600
x 2200 mm )
3.3.3. System signal flow:
OTM (Type A)
Figure 9 Solution Architecture: OTM (Type A)
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International Master in Communication Networks Engineering 2
nd
Edition 2006/2007 Project work thesis: DWDM Networking
____________________________________________________________________________
Project work: SDH & DWDM Networking * Huawei Technologies Italy (June-October 2007) By Tarek Belghith. Page _ 21
OTM - Type B & C (1 Direction)
Figure 10 Solution Architecture: OTM (Type B&C)
ROADM - Type D (Support 80 Channels)
Figure 11 Solution Architecture: OTM (Type D)
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International Master in Communication Networks Engineering 2
nd
Edition 2006/2007 Project work thesis: DWDM Networking
____________________________________________________________________________
Project work: SDH & DWDM Networking * Huawei Technologies Italy (June-October 2007) By Tarek Belghith. Page _ 22
OLA - Type E and F (Support 80 Channels)
Figure 12 Solution Architecture: OLA (Type E&F)
3.3.4. Network structure diagram
Figure 13 Solution Architecture: Network diagram
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International Master in Communication Networks Engineering 2
nd
Edition 2006/2007 Project work thesis: DWDM Networking
____________________________________________________________________________
Project work: SDH & DWDM Networking * Huawei Technologies Italy (June-October 2007) By Tarek Belghith. Page _ 23
3.3.5. Network configuration diagram
Legend:
Figure 14 Solution Architecture: Network configuration
International Master in Communication Networks Engineering 2
nd
Edition 2006/2007 Project work thesis: DWDM Networking
____________________________________________________________________________
Project work: SDH & DWDM Networking * Huawei Technologies Italy (June-October 2007) By Tarek Belghith. Page _ 24
4. OPERATOR-Y project tasks
The OPERATOR-Y intends to launch a new commercial product that aims mainly
the corporate customers with high transmission resource needs and supporting big
capacities at the metro level, OPERATOR-Y has already its own existing optical
network at that level, which is made up of several equipments from different vendors,
their first worry was the ability to manage the Huawei equipments in a multi-vendor
environment from one side, as well as the ability to manager these other vendors
equipment in a network made of some Huawei equipments.
For this, we offered a technical response telling them about the possibility of
configuring the D bytes (i.e: D1~D3, D4~D12) which are dedicated to the
maintenance, performance and OAM information transport within the SDH frame.
The technical information feedback that I prepared for this customer focused
mainly on this capability to integrate multi-vendor environments. To do so, my
technical discussion included several explanations related to this issue.
In fact, Huawei equipments can be configured in such a way to support the
integration in a multi-vendor network, using one of two solutions: either on Physical
layer of at Network layer. Below, I am detailing the processing of management
information at each layer:
Physical layer
Use different DCC resources and implement interconnection and
interworking through the transparent transmission function of the DCC, including
two aspects: Huaweis equipment provides a DCC transparent transmission
channel to transport management information for other vendors equipment;
other vendors equipment provides a DCC transparent transmission channel to
transport management information for Huaweis equipment. Besides, a 2M
service channel can also be configured to achive these issues between
equipments.
Network layer
Communicate directly with other vendors' equipment through the standard
communication protocols, such as IP over DCC and OSI over DCC.
Application layer
Interwork the management protocols (CMIP, SNMP, Corba and MML) and
information models (MIB) to achieve appropriate OAM operation on the
transmission equipment.
International Master in Communication Networks Engineering 2
nd
Edition 2006/2007 Project work thesis: DWDM Networking
____________________________________________________________________________
Project work: SDH & DWDM Networking * Huawei Technologies Italy (June-October 2007) By Tarek Belghith. Page _ 25
4.1. Solution at physical Layer
My proposed solution at the physical and network layers was the following:
Other vendors equipment transparently transmits Huaweis DCC management
information
Figure 15 Technical solution: NM transmission via DCC (Huawei as end equipment)
OptiX
D1 -
D1 - D3, D4 - D12
or D7 - D9
OptiX
D1 -
Other Other
D1 - D3, D4 - D12
or D7 - D9
Transparent
transmission
For E bytes used in the order wire, there are still problems of separation by other
vendors' equipment. Huaweis equipment can transfer the information borne by
E1 bytes to D11 bytes and the information borne by E2 bytes to D12 bytes, and
span other vendors' equipment, and then transfer E bytes into Huaweis
equipment at the other end.
Note
1. Confirming whether to provide DCC
byte translation function, that is,
translating the accessed bytes of D1
D3 into bytes of D4 D12.
2. If supported, setting a DCC channel
through the byte translation function.
No need of modification.
1. Not using bytes of D4 D12 in the
NE.
2. Setting a DCC channel in the
network, for example, setting D bytes
on nodes B and C of the SDH Ring2
and providing bytes of D4 D12 for
Huaweis equipment to communicate.
Setting DCC bytes of D4 - D12 on Sites
A and D.
Using bytes of D1 D3. Using bytes of D1 D3.
Other
vendors
Using bytes of D1 D3. Using bytes of D4 - D12.
Huawei
Mode 2 Mode 1
International Master in Communication Networks Engineering 2
nd
Edition 2006/2007 Project work thesis: DWDM Networking
____________________________________________________________________________
Project work: SDH & DWDM Networking * Huawei Technologies Italy (June-October 2007) By Tarek Belghith. Page _ 26
Huaweis equipment transparently transmits other vendorss DCC management
information
Mode 1 Mode 2
Using bytes of D4 D12 to bear their
own communication information.
Using bytes of D1 D3.
Huawei
Setting DCC bytes of D4 D12 on Sites
A and D.
No need of configuration.
Using bytes of D1 D3. Using bytes of D1 D3.
Other
vendors
Setting a DCC channel in the network,
for example, setting D bytes on nodes
B and C of the SDH Ring and
transparently transmitting bytes of D4
D12 for other vendors equipment to
communicate.
Mapping bytes of D1 D3 of other
vendors' equipment to bytes of D7 D9
for spanning the network composed by
Huaweis equipment, translating bytes of
D7 D9 to D1 D3 on node C at the
other end, and then transferring bytes to
other vendors' equipment to implement
the transparent transmission.
Figure 16 Technical solution: NM data transmission via DCC (Huawei as Gateway)
Other vendors equipment transparently transmits management information of
Huaweis equipment through the use of 2 M service channels
Figure 17 Use of 2M service channel (Huawei as end equipment)
In this solution, Huaweis equipment maps information of D bytes to 2 M service
channel for transparent transmission in the other vendors networks, and extracts it
from 2 M signals at the opposite end.
E bytes used in the order wire are compliant with the DCC transparent transmission
mode.
OptiX
D1 - D3
OptiX
D1 - D3
Other Other
D4 - D12
D1 - D3
D4 - D12
Transparent
transmission
D4 - D12
D1 - D3, E1 and E2
D1 - D3, E1and E2
OptiX
D1 - D3
2 M
OptiX Other Other
2 M service
channel
2 M
D1 - D3 D7 - D9,
E1 D11 and E2 D12
D1 - D3
D1 - D3
International Master in Communication Networks Engineering 2
nd
Edition 2006/2007 Project work thesis: DWDM Networking
____________________________________________________________________________
Project work: SDH & DWDM Networking * Huawei Technologies Italy (June-October 2007) By Tarek Belghith. Page _ 27
Huaweis equipment transparently transmits management information of
other vendors equipment through the use of 2 M service channels
Figure 18 use of 2M service channel (Huawei as Gateway)
In this solution, Huaweis equipment maps information of D bytes to 2 M service
channel for transparent transmission in Huaweis networks, and extracts it from 2 M
signals at the peer end.
This solution does not support E bytes transparent transmission of other vendors
equipment used in the order wire, but can be compliant with the DCC transparent
transmission mode.
4.2. Interworking Solution at the Network Layer: IP over DCC, OSI
over DCC
The internetworking in multi-vendor equipments can also be achieved among the
Network layer, by defining an IP service over the Data Communication Channel DCC to
carry this management information, or using packets in the OSI over the DCC channel.
This solution has several advantages and disadvantages to be used:
Advantages
1. No need of additional DCN channel.
2. Different applicable situations: not constrained by the complicated networking, but
more flexible to provide multiple channels.
3. The network layer does not depend on the implementation mode of the physical
layer, because there is no standard for processing the physical channels and products
developed by multiple vendors have worse consistency, but the protocol is a standard
specification for the convenience of interworking.
4. Supporting auto-reroute to implement the protection of management information
channel.
5. Also supporting the standard tools, such as FTP and Telnet, to operate the NE
directly (Huawei equipment has supported using TL1 command to operate the SONET
products through the Telnet).
Other
vendors EMS
Other vendors SDH
Huawei s SDH
2 M service
channel
Extracting DCC
information from 2 M
service channel to the
SCC for processing
Mapping DCC
information to E1
Other vendors SDH
International Master in Communication Networks Engineering 2
nd
Edition 2006/2007 Project work thesis: DWDM Networking
____________________________________________________________________________
Project work: SDH & DWDM Networking * Huawei Technologies Italy (June-October 2007) By Tarek Belghith. Page _ 28
Disadvantages
1. Having a high requirement for the passed-by equipment and supporting the same
protocol at the network layer necessarily.
2. When interconnecting the equipment from different vendors, the link layer
protocols should be implemented in the same way and interconnection should be
successfully completed
This is for IP over DCC:
Figure 19 Technical solution: DCN based on IP or OSI
To sum up; we can say that the interworking solution at network layer can
meet two requirements, either to have Huawei equipment as gateway to transport
other vendors data, or to stand for destination point, passed through other
vendors gateway as follows :
In the following case, Huaweis equipment transparently transmits
management information of other vendors equipment through sharing the
network layer protocol.
Figure 20 IP over DCC (Huawei as Gateway)
Below, other vendors equipment transparently transmits management information
of Huaweis equipment through sharing the network layer protocol
Figure 21 IP over DCC (Huawei as end equipment)
Huawei Other
Huawei
IP or OSI Private
protocol or
standard
standard protocol
(IP/TP4)
EMS
DCN based on IP or OSI
Other Huawei Other
IP or OSI
protocol
Internal DCN
protocol / standard
protocol(IP/TP4)
Transparent
transmission of
OSI/IP protocol
IP or OSI
protocol
Internal DCN
protocol /
standard
protocol(IP/TP4)
Huawei Other
IP or OSI
protocol
Internal DCN
protocol / standard
protocol(IP/TP4)
Supporting the
standard transparent
transmission of OSI/IP
protocol
IP or OSI
protocol Internal DCN
protocol / standard
protocol(IP/TP4)
Huawei
International Master in Communication Networks Engineering 2
nd
Edition 2006/2007 Project work thesis: DWDM Networking
____________________________________________________________________________
Project work: SDH & DWDM Networking * Huawei Technologies Italy (June-October 2007) By Tarek Belghith. Page _ 29
5. Achievements
5.1. Some professional aspects
In order to deal with the overall project, several administrative steps must be
followed since the beginning, thus, to be able to carry the full project management
lifecycle.
The product/project manager should be able to deal with all this administrative
stuff inside the company, to prepare the output documents either for the technical
or the financial department.
Technical documents: Network diagrams with all the technical details,
configuration files, detailed network components and related settings (optical
power budget, addressing and labeling data)
Financial documents: Quotations, bills of quantities, purchase orders,
commercial invoices, list prices, etc
It is clear that different elements and components play important roles in the
project lifecycle, and may even drive straight to its success or failure, namely:
Project team behavior and working attitude
Respect of the project deadlines
Relationship between the project parties and/or partners
Work efficiency
Product quality
By the way, other unpredictable circumstances either internal or external ones
do have important impacts on the companys activity in general or on the project
process in particular, such as:
Natural disasters (Earthquake, volcano, inundation)
Accidents
Government decisions and/or facts
Customer decisions and/or facts
Partner decisions and/or facts
Facts happening inside company, staff-related facts
Facts happening in the company environment
5.2. Validation of Master studies
In order to finish my course of master degree, four months of project work
should be validated by taking part or achieving some project in a company or a
research laboratory that are involved in the computers or telecommunications field.
During my project work period, I took part in the study and design of the WDM
backbone of a telecom operator network, from one side, and I supported a
technical solution for SDH/NGSDH optical network integrating transmission
equipments in a multi-vendor environment from the other side. To do so, I was
assigned to be a product team member within the optical networking department
of the leading vendor in telecommunications Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
International Master in Communication Networks Engineering 2
nd
Edition 2006/2007 Project work thesis: DWDM Networking
____________________________________________________________________________
Project work: SDH & DWDM Networking * Huawei Technologies Italy (June-October 2007) By Tarek Belghith. Page _ 30
This project involvement gave me the possibility to apply the acquired
background on the optical networks that has been largely enriched by the courses
of the IMCNE master especially on the DWDM optical networking- in an industrial
and professional context, which brought me up with more skills and abilities.
5.3. Further opportunity within Huawei
As mentioned in the beginning of this document, I already worked in Huawei in
the optical networking department; it was even one of the reasons that pushed me
some more towards this master course International Master in Communication
Networks Engineering in the School of Advanced Studies SantAnna in Pisa.
Given that I am already a trained and certified Huawei Optical networking
product manager, I was directly assigned as a product member for these project
teams notably the Metro WDM network one and the SDH technical solution one
during my Stage period for the master.
The Huawei top management also offered me the possibility to get along with
them for the same project, and eventually further ones.
International Master in Communication Networks Engineering 2
nd
Edition 2006/2007 Project work thesis: DWDM Networking
____________________________________________________________________________
Project work: SDH & DWDM Networking * Huawei Technologies Italy (June-October 2007) By Tarek Belghith. Page _ 31
6. Conclusion
The first thing to mention is that, in this context, Science and Technology are
strongly linked to each other: no Technology without Science, and no Science
without Technology: that is, they both contribute efficiently in the development of
each other.
The research and development is a key sector in the technology field in general,
and in the telecommunication industry in particular: their main task is to integrate
science and technology in the industry to achieve better results, products and
technological solutions.
I realized that this master course was very instructive for my background at
both levels: scientific and professional. Besides, the master included a
management course which gave me a wide idea on the enterprise life, the
marketing and the innovation concepts in the business life.
This latter allowed me to reshape my vision towards the technological industry
to be able to follow its rapid development, and also to have a further professional
carrier with a deeper knowledge either from the technological point of view or the
entrepreneurship point of view.
Telecommunication sector is one of the current key industries of the century: it
is the need for communication and to exchange information and messages, which
is the same fact that was behind all this success. The humanity has invested a lot
in the development of this field and people made all the possible to go beyond the
usual obstacles of communication such as time, distance, language, obviousness,
data volume, complexity, etc.
Actually, the telecommunication that is born in the previous centuries, can be
considered as quite mature nowadays, with all its ramifications, going from fixed to
mobile, from voice to data, from copper wire to optical fiber, and from the first to
the last mile.
I took the optical networks engineering as specialization, the OTN stands for
the basis for every single telecommunication link at all levels, by offing the highest
capacities, bit rates, speeds and efficiency.
With Huawei technologies, I had the opportunity of taking part of the product
team on a very big WDM optical transmission project for one of the biggest
operators in Europe, which brought me back with more professionalism and
experience.
This master allowed me not only to make some related concepts clearer for me,
but also to give me further technical and scientific background on the other
telecommunication concepts.