1 2

3
4 5
CHAPTER 13: PROBABILITY I
13.1 Sample Space
Important concept:
An experiment is a process or action to observe its outcomes.
A sample space is the set of all possible outcomes from an experiment. It can be represented in the
form of set notation.
Example : ( )} 4 , 1 ), 3 , 1 ), ! , 1 " = S
#etermine the sample space, $, of the follo%in& experiments b' listin& all the possible outcomes.

Example 1
Experiment: (ossin& a fair coin
$ample space,
$ ) "*ead, (ail}
Example !
Experiment: A fair six+sided die
is rolled.
$ample space, $
)"1,!,3,4,,,-}
Example 3
Experiment: #ra%in& a ball from
a ba& containin& three balls of
the same si.e: %hite, blac/ and
&reen.
$ample space, $ ) "%hite ball,
blac/ ball, &reen ball}
Exercise
1. Experiment: (ossin& a fair
coin.
$) " }
!. Experiment: 0ollin& a fair
six+sided dice.
$ ) " }
3. Experiment: #ra%in& a ball
from a ba& containin& three balls
of the same si.e: %hite, red and
'ello%.
$ ) " }
4. Experiment: (ossin& t%o fair
coins.
$ )
,. Experiment: 0andoml'
dra%in& a card from the five
letter cards

$ )
-. Experiment: 0andoml'
dra%in& a card from a ba&
containin& 4 cards: blac/,
&reen, red and blue.

$ )
1. Experiment: 0andoml'
dra%in& a marble from the
numbered marbles belo%.
$ )
2. Experiment: 0andoml'
dra%in& a card from the four
cards belo%.

$ )
3. Experiment: 0andoml'
dra%in& a pen from a box
containin& three pens: one blac/,
one blue and one red.
$ )
13.2 Events
Important concept:
Probability
1
4 A 0 5 E
6 A (
0
*
1 2
3
4 5
An event, A , is the set of outcomes that satisf' certain conditions.
An event is a subset of the sample space, $. ( ) S A
An event A ma' or ma' not occur in an experiment.
An event is possile if its elements are the elements of the sample space.
An impossile event is an empt! set.
4ist all the elements of the event A for each of the follo%in& experiments.
Example 1
Experiment: (ossin& a fair
coin.
Event A ) 5ettin& a head
A ) " *ead}
Example !
Experiment: A fair six+sided dice
is rolled.
Event A ) 5ettin& odd numbers
A ) " 1, 3, , }
Example 3
Experiment: #ra%in& a ball from a
ba& containin& three balls of the
same si.e: blac/, red and 'ello%.
Event A ) 5ettin& non+blac/ ball.
A ) " 0ed ball, 7ello% ball}
Exercise
1. Experiment: (ossin& a fair
coin.
Event A ) 5ettin& a tail
A ) " }
!. Experiment: A fair six+sided
dice is rolled.
A ) 5ettin& even numbers
A ) " }
3. Experiment: 0andoml' dra%in&
a ball from a ba& containin& three
balls of the same si.e: blac/, red
and %hite.
Event A ) 5ettin& non+%hite ball.
A ) " }
4. Experiment: (ossin& t%o
fair coins.
Event A) 5ettin& t%o faces of
the same number

A) "
,. Experiment: A fair six+sided
dice is rolled.
A ) 5ettin& prime numbers.
)
-.Experiment: 0andoml' dra%in& a
marble from the follo%in&:

A) 5ettin& a red or blue marble.
)
1. Experiment: 0andoml'
dra%in& a marble from the
numbered marbles belo%.
Event A) 5ettin& odd umber
)
2. Experiment: 0andoml'
dra%in& a card from the four
cards belo%.

A ) 5ettin& a consonant
)
3. Experiment: 0andoml' dra%in&
a pen from a box containin& three
pens: one blac/, one blue and one
red.
A ) 5ettin& a 'ello% pen
)
13.3 P"oailit! o# an Event A$ P%A&
Important concept:
Probability
!
Red
marble
Black
marble
Blue
marble
Green
marble
6 A (
0
*

( )
Number of times event A occurs
p A
Number of trials
=
If pA) ) 8, then A %ill not occur.
If pA) ) 1, then A occurs in ever' trial, that is, it %ill certainl' occur.
(he probabilit' of an event A has a value bet%een 8 and 1, that is, 8 ) 1 p A .
9ind the probabilit' of the follo%in& events.
Examples Exercise
Example 1
Experiment: (ossin& a fair coin
388 times.
Event A ) 5ettin& :*ead;
<umber of times &ettin& the :*ead;
) 1,8 times
pA)
388
1,8
=

!
1
=
1. Experiment: (ossin& a fair
coin 488 times.
A ) 5ettin& :*ead;
<umber of times &ettin& the
:*ead; ) !88 times

pA))
!. Experiment: (ossin& a fair
coin ,88 times
A ) 5ettin& :(ail;
<umber of times &ettin& the :(ail;
) !,8 times

pA))
Example !
Experiment: A fair six+sided dice is
rolled -88 times.
Event A ) 5ettin& the number :!;
<umber of times &ettin& the
number :!; ) 188 times
pA)
-88
188
=

-
1
=
3. Experiment: A fair six+sided dice
is rolled 388 times
A) 5ettin& number :-;
<umber of times &ettin& number
:-; ) 1,8 times
pA) )
4. Experiment: A fair six+sided dice
is rolled -88 times
A) 5ettin& an even number
<umber of times &ettin& an even
number ) 388 times
pA))
Example 3
Experiment: 0andoml' dra%in& a
card from a box containin& four
cards as belo% :
1 2 3 4
0eplace the card and dra% a&ain.
(he experiment is done !88 times.
Event A = 5ettin& the number :1;,
<umber of times &ettin& number
:1; is ,8 times.
pA) )
4
1
!88
,8
=
,. Experiment: 0andoml' dra%in&
a card from a box containin& four
cards as belo%:
A B
C D
0eplace the card and dra% a&ain.
(he experiment is done 388 times.
Event A) 5ettin& number :#;
<umber of times &ettin& number
:#; is 1, times.

pA))
-. Experiment: 0andoml' dra%in&
a card from a box containin& four
cards as belo%:
0eplace the card and dra% a&ain.
(he experiment is done 488 times.
Event A) 5ettin& an even number
<umber of times &ettin& even
numbers is 388 times.
pA))

Important concept:
If the probabilit' of an event and the number of trials are &iven, then
T'e e(pecte) n*me" o# times t'e event +ill occ*" , p%A& -*me" o# t"ials
Probability
3
! 3 4
0
-
Examples Exercise
Example 1
(ossin& a fair coin -88 times
Event, A ) 5ettin& the :(ail;
pA) )
!
1

Expected number of times
&ettin& the :(ail;,
) -88
!
1

) 388
1. (ossin& a fair coin 188 times
A) 5ettin& the :(ail;
pA))
!
1
Expected number of times
&ettin& the :(ail;
)
!. (ossin& a fair coin ,88 times
A) 5ettin& the :*ead;
pA ))
!
1

Expected number of times &ettin&
the :*ead;
)
Example !
0andoml' dra%in& a ball from a
box contains a red, a blue and a
blac/ ball. 0eplace the ball and
dra% a&ain. (he experiment is
done 4,8 times.
Event A= 5ettin& the :red ball;
pA) )
3
1

Expected number of times
&ettin& a red ball
)
4,8
3
1

) 1,8

3. 0andoml' dra%in& a ball from
a box contains a &reen, a 'ello%,
a blue and a blac/ ball. 0eplace
the ball and dra% a&ain. (he
experiment is done 388 times.
Event A= 5ettin& the :blue ball;
p(A)=
4
1

Expected number of times &ettin&
a blue ball
)
4. 0andoml' dra%in& a pen from
a box of 3 blac/, a red and a blue
pen. 0eplace the pen and dra%
a&ain. (he experiment is done
1888 times.
Event A ) 5ettin& a blac/ pen
pA))
,
3

Expected number of times &ettin&
a blac/ pen
)
Example 3
A fair six+sided dice is rolled
1!88 times.
Event A) 5ettin& number:3;
pA))
-
1

Expected number of times
&ettin& number :3;
) 1!88
-
1

) !88
,. A fair six+sided dice is rolled
-88 times
Event A) 5ettin& number :,;
p(A))
-
1

Expected number of times &ettin&
number :,;

)
-. A fair six+sided dice is rolled
388 times
Event A) 5ettin& a number
:&reater than 4;
pA))
3
1

Expected number of times &ettin&
number :4;
,
Important concepts:
E.*ip"oale Sample Space = A sample space %hich contains e>uall' li/el' outcomes.
Example: ?hen %e toss a fair coin, it is e>uall' li/el' to &et a :head; or a :tail;.
9or an experiment %ith e>uiprobable sample space $, the probabilit' of an event A is
( )
)
)
n A
p A
n S
=
%here nA) ) number of outcomes in A and
Probability
4
n$) ) number of outcomes in $.
Examples Exercise
Example 1
(ossin& a fair coin.
$ ) "*ead, (ail}
n$) ) !
Event A ) 5ettin& :*ead;
A ) "*ead}
nA) ) 1
pA) )
) 1
) !
n A
n S
=


1. @ic/ a ball at random from a
ba& containin& 3 red, ! &reen and 4
blue balls.
n$) ) 3
A ) 5ettin& a red ball
nA) )
pA) )
A ) 5ettin& a blue ball
nA) )
pA))
5 ) 5ettin& a &reen ball
n5) )
p5))
!. A ba& contains 1! s%eets, ei&ht
of %hich are red and the rest are
'ello%. An&ela ta/es a s%eet at
random from the ba&.
9ind the probabilit' that she ta/es
a 'ello% s%eet.
A ) 5ettin& a 'ello% s%eet
n$) )
nA) )
pA) )
Example !
0oll a fair six+sided dice.
$ ) " 1, !, 3, 4, ,, -}
n(S) ) -
Event A ) 5ettin& the number :!;
A )"!}
n(A) ) 1
pA) )
) 1
) -
n A
n S
=


3. (here are 18 boo/s on a shelf,
of %hich 3 are science boo/s and ,
are En&lish boo/s. Ian too/ a boo/
at random from the shelf. 9ind the
probabilit' that he has ta/en an
En&lish boo/.
n$) )
nA) )
pA) )
Example 3
0andoml' dra%in& a card from a
box containin& four cards as
belo% :
1 2 3 4
$ ) "1, !, 3, 4}
n(S) ) 4
Event A = 5ettin& the number :1;
A ) "1}
n(A) ) 1
pA) )
) 1
) 4
n A
n S
=

4. #ra% a card at random from
the letter cards belo%.

9ind the probabilit' of &ettin& a
vo%el card.
$ ) " }
A )" }
nA) )
n$) )
pA) )
,. A t%o di&it number less that !1
is chosen at random.
9ind the probabilit' that a) the
number chosen ends %ith 8,
b) the number chosen is even.
$ ) " 18,
11, }

A ) " }
pA) )
A ) " }
pA) )
13./ Complement o# an Event A
Important concept:
(he Bomplement of an event A is the event that A does not happen.
$'mbol: (he complement of A is AC read as :A prime;)
Probability
,
A
A0
S
* A @ @ 7
.
(he probabilit' of A; is D) 1 ) p A p A =
Example Exercise
1. 0oll a fair six+sided dice.
9ind the probabilit' of
a) &ettin& a multiple of 3
b) not &ettin& a multiple of 3.
$ ) "1, !, 3, 4, ,, -}
n$) ) -
a) A ) "3, -}
nA) ) !
b)
D
! 1
)
- 3
1
) 1
3
!
3
p A
p A
= =
=
=
1. 0oll a fair six+sided dice.
9ind the probabilit' of
a) &ettin& a number &reater
than !
b) &ettin& a number not &reater
than !.
!. 0oll a fair six+sided dice.
9ind the probabilit' of
a) &ettin& number -
b) &ettin& a number other
than -.
!. (he probabilit' of Ali
%innin& a &ame is
3
,
. ?hat is
the probabilit' of him not
%innin& the &ameE
p%in) )
3
,
pdid not %in) ) 1+
3
,
)
!
,
3. (he probabilit' that an
express bus %ill be late is
1
1,
.
9ind the probabilit' that the
express bus is not late.
4. (here are !4 &irls and 1-
bo's in a class. 1, of the &irls
%ear spectacles. If a student is
chosen at random from the
class, find the probabilit' that
the student chosen is a &irl
%ho does not %ear spectacles.
Probability
-
13.1 2*estions ase) on E(amination 3o"mat

4*ltiple C'oice 2*estions:
1. A ba& contains six red and four %hite marbles.
(he probabilit' of &ettin& a blac/ marble is
A 8 B
,
3
A
,
!
# 1
!. A fair six+sided dice is rolled 248 times. 5iven
the probabilit' of &ettin& the number four is
-
1
.
Balculate the expected number of times &ettin& the
number four.
A 248 B !18
A 4!8 # 148
3. Ali rolled a fair six+sided dice ,88 times and
found that there %ere 2, times of &ettin& the number
:-;. (he probabilit' of &ettin& the number :-; is
A 8.11 B 8.,8
A 8.!8 # 8.2,
4. A box contains !8 different t'pes of colour
pencils. 9ind the probabilit' of &ettin& a colour
pencil in the box.
A 8 B
!
1
A
!8
1
# 1
,.A fair six+sided dice is rolled 388 times. 5iven
that the probabilit' that a prime number appears is
!
1
. Balculate the expected number of times &ettin&
a prime number.
A 4,8 B !88
A 388 # 1,8
-. A fair coin is tossed x times and it %as found that
the :*ead; appeared !,8 times. 5iven that the
probabilit' of &ettin& a :*ead; is
!
1
, find the value
of x.
A 1!, B ,88
A !,8 # 1888
1. A box contains some letter cards of %hich 3 are
vo%els and the rest consonants. ?hen a letter card
is dra%n at random from the box, the probabilit' of
&ettin& a consonant is
3
4
. 9ind the number of
consonants cards in the box.
A 2 B 18
A 3 # 1!
2. A box contains , red pens, x blue pens and 2
blac/ pens. A pen is pic/ed at random from the box.
(he probabilit' of &ettin& a red pen is
,
!!
.
9ind the value of x.
A 1 B 3
A 2 # 18
3. 5iven the probabilit' of pic/in& up an oran&e+
flavoured s%eet randoml' from a ba& is
,
!
, find
the probabilit' of pic/in& a non+oran&e flavoured
s%eet.
A
!
,
B
,
3
A 1 #
,
!
18. In a class of 3- students, !4 are &irls. 1 bo's
%ear spectacles. If a bo' is chosen at random,
calculate the probabilit' that he %ears spectacles.
A
1!
1
B
3-
1
A
!4
1
#
3
!
11. $uria has ,8 table tennis balls %hich are red,
&reen and blue in colour. If a ball is pic/ed at
random, the probabilit' of obtainin& a red ball is
,
3
. 5iven that there are 1! &reen balls. Balculate
the probabilit' of obtainin& a blue ball.
Probability I
1
A
,
1
B
,
4
A
,
!
#
!,
4
1!. (here are 48 red and 'ello% fish in an
a>uarium. If a fish is cau&ht at random, the
probabilit' that it is a red fish is
,
!
. 4ater 14 red
fish and 18 'ello% fish are added to the a>uarium.
Balculate the probabilit' of catchin& a 'ello% fish.
A
3!
1,
B
,
3
A
3!
11
#
4
1
13. (here are some 'ello% and purple beads in a
box. If a bead is pic/ed at random from the box, the
probabilit' that it is a purple bead is
1
4
.
If there are 3- purple beads in the box, calculate the
number of 'ello% beads in the box.
A 1, B !1
A !8 # 42
14. (here are - red shirts, 3 'ello% shirts and x
&reen shirts in a ba&. ?hen a shirt is dra%n at
random from the ba&, the probabilit' that it is a
'ello% shirt is
14
3
. 9ind the value of x.
A ! B 1
A , # 13
1,. (%ent' receipts %ith serial numbers from 11 to
38 are put into a ba&. A receipt is dra%n at random.
Balculate the probabilit' that the receipt dra%n has
a serial number %hich is not a multiple of 3.
A
!8
13
B
18
1
A
,
3
#
4
3
1-. Fill has a collection of stamps from Gnited
$tates, Aritain and Fapan. $he pic/s a stamp at
random. (he probabilit' of pic/in& a Aritain stamp
is
,
3
and the probabilit' of pic/in& a Fapan stamp is
1
3
. 5iven that Fill has -8 Gnited $tates stamps.
9ind the total number of stamps in her collection.
A 4,8 B ,48
A 428 # -38
11. (he table belo% sho%s the distribution of a
&roup of 38 students from the rural and to%n areas.
0ural (o%n
6ale !8 3,
9emale !, 18
A student is chosen at random from the &roup. ?hat
is the probabilit' that a female student from the
rural area is chosenE
A
!
3
B
,
12
A
3
12
#
!
3
13.5 Past Yea" SP4 2*estions
-oveme" 2663
1. In a &roup of 38 students, 18 are &irls. A further
18 bo's then Hoin the &roup. If a student is chosen at
random from the &roup,
$tate the probabilit' that the student chosen is a
bo'.
A
3
!
C
18
1
Probability I
2
13 27 29 33 35 21
A
3
1
#
18
3
!. A Har contains !48 s%eets of oran&e, l'chee, and
coffee flavour. (here are 38 oran&e flavoured
s%eets. If a s%eet is pic/ed at random from the Har,
the probabilit' of pic/in& a l'chee flavoured s%eet
is
3
1
. *o% man' coffee flavoured s%eets are
thereE
A 18 B 18
A ,8 # 28
7*l! 266/
3. A box contains a total of -8 pens. $ome of them
are red pens and some of them are blue pens. (he
probabilit' of choosin& a red pen from the box at
random is
,
3
. $ome red pens are ta/en out of the
box and replaced b' the same number of blue pens.
(he probabilit' of no% choosin& a red pen from the
box at random is
3
1
. Balculate the number of red
pens that %ere ta/en out.
A. 2 B. 1-
A. 1! #. !8
4. A box contains a total of 38 *ari 0a'a,
Bhristmas and #eepavali cards alto&ether. (here are
32 *ari 0a'a cards in the box. (he probabilit' of
pic/in& a Bhristmas card from the box at random is
1,
!
. Balculate the probabilit' of pic/in& a
#eepavali card.
A.
3
1
B.
1,
13
A.
3
4
#.
4,
13
-oveme" 266/
,. #ia&ram belo% sho%s some number cards.
A card is pic/ed at random. $tate the probabilit'
that a prime number is pic/ed.
A
3
!
B
!
1
A
3
1
#
-
1
-. Irma has a collection of stamps from Ielantan,
@era/ and $ara%a/. $he pic/s one stamp at
random. (he probabilit' of pic/in& a @era/ stamp is
3
4
and the probabilit' of pic/in& a $ara%a/ stamp
is
3
1 . Irma
has 18 Ielantan stamps. Balculate the total number
of stamps in her collection.
A !8 B 4,
A !, # 38
1. !8 coupons %ith serial number !1 to 48 are put
in a box. Jne coupon is dra%n at random. (he
probabilit' of dra%in& a coupon %ith a number
%hich is not a multiple of , is
A
,
1
B
,
3
A
,
!
#
,
4
7*l! 2661
2. A ba& contains 4 &reen balls, ! red balls and 1
blue balls. A ball is pic/ed at random from the ba&.
?hat is the probabilit' that the ball pic/ed is not
&reenE
A.
13
4
B.
13
1
A.
13
-
#.
13
3
3. (he table belo% sho%s the number of pupils in
the science and art stream in one 'ear &roup in a
school.
$tream
<umber of @upils
&irls Ao's
Probability I
3
$cience 28 11-
Arts -4 x
(he probabilit' that a pupil is chosen at random
from the 'ear &roup is a &irl is
,
!
. Balculate the
value of x
A. 188 B. 13!
A. 184 #. 1,-
18. A ba& contains blue, red, &reen and 'ello%
buttons. (here are ! blue buttons and 2 &reen
buttons in the ba&.
A button is pic/ed at random from the ba&. (he
probabilit' of pic/in& a blue button is
!4
1
and the
probabilit' of pic/in& a red button is
3
1
. 9ind the
probabilit' of pic/in& a 'ello% button.
A.
-
1
B.
!4
11
A.
2
,
#.
!4
13
-oveme" 2661
11. (able belo% sho%s the distribution of a &roup of
38 pupils pla'in& a &ame.
9orm 9our 9orm 9ive
5irls 33 1,
Ao's 12 !4
A pupil is chosen at random from the &roup to start
the &ame. ?hat is the probabilit' that a &irl from
9orm 9our %ill be chosenE
A
38
11
B
1,
2
A
1,
1
#
11
11
1!. A container holds !2 'ello% marbles and a
number of &reen marbles. A marbles is pic/ed at
random from the container. (he probabilit' of
pic/in& a 'ello% marble is
2
1
. *o% man' &reen
marbles are there in the containerE
A 4 B !1
A 2 # !4
7*l! 2665
13. Ahmad bu's three boxes of pens. Each box has
128 pens in it. All the pens are put inside a
container. A pen is chosen at random from the
container. (he probabilit' of choosin& a spoilt pen
is
38
1
. *o% man' of the pens bou&ht are not
spoiltE
A. ,31 B. ,31
A. ,34 #. ,32
14. A box contains a number of red marbles and -
blue marbles. A marble is chosen at random from
the box. (he probabilit' of choosin& a red marble is
,
!
. *o% man' red marbles are there in the boxE
A. ! B. 4
A. 3 #. 3
-oveme" 2665
1,. It is &iven that
set 5 is "1,!, 3, ,, -, 1, 2, 3, 13, 14, 1,}.
A number is chosen at random from the elements of
set 5. 9ind the probabilit' that the number chosen
is a prime number.
A.
4
11
B.
-
11
A.
,
11
#.
1
11
1-. A box contains 4 red marbles, ! %hite marbles
and a number of blue marbles. A marble is chosen at
random from the box.
(he probabilit' of choosin& a %hite marble is
1
2
.
9ind the probabilit' of choosin& a blue marble.
A.
1
4
B.
,
2
Probability I
18
A.
3
2
#.
3
4
SP4 7*ne 2668
11. (able sho%s the results of a 6athematics
test for a &roup of students
@ass 9ail
Ao's 2 4
5irls !8 x
A student is chosen at random from the &roup.
(he probabilit' of choosin& a student %ho
failed the test is
1
,
.
9ind the value of x.
A 1
A 3
B 4
# ,
12. !4 students in a class are computer club
members. A student is chosen at random from
the class. (he probabilit' of choosin& a student
%ho is not a computer club member is
1
3
.
9ind the total number of students in the class.

A 3!
A 3-
B 48
# 1!
SP4 -ov 2668
13. A box contains , red marbles and !1 &reen
marbles. 4im puts another 4 red marbles and 1
&reen marble inside the box. A marble is chosen
at random from the box. ?hat is the probabilit'
that a red marble is chosenE
A ,
31
A 3
31
B ,
!-
# 3
!-
!8. In a trainin& session, Ann has man' trials to
score a &oal. (he probabilit' that Ann scores a
&oal in a trial is
3
.
!8
In -8 trials chosen randoml', ho% man' times
does Ann fail to score a &oalE
A 11
A !1
B 33
# 43
Probability I
11
SP4 7*ne 2669
!1. 9orm 9ive Aestari had 48 students.
?hen a student %as chosen at random from
this class, the probabilit' of choosin& a &irl %as
3
.
4
A &roup of &irls is transferred to another class
and replaced b' 1 bo's. A student is then
chosen at random from this class.
Balculate the probabilit' of choosin& a bo'
from this class.
A 11
41
A 18
41
B 11
43
# 18
43
!!. (able sho%s the number of students in the
$cience stream and the Arts stream in a school.
$tream $cience Arts
<umber of
students
,, -,
A &roup of k students is transferred from the
Arts stream to the $cience stream. A student is
chosen at random from the &roup. (he
probabilit' of choosin& a student from the
$cience stream is
3
.
,
Balculate the value of k.
A 11
A !-
B 33
# 1!
SP4 -ov 2669
!3. A box contains 42 cups. (here are blue cups
and %hite cups. A cup is chosen at random
from the box. (he probabilit' that a blue cup is
chosen is
1
.
-
*o% man' blue cups need to be added to the
box so that the probabilit' that a blue cup is
chosen is
1
!
E
A 2
A 1-
B !4
# 3!
!4. #ia&ram sho%s 1- identical cubes, labeled
K, 7 and L.
A
cube is chosen at random.
$tate the probabilit' that the cube chosen is not
labeled 7.
A 3
1-
A ,
1-
B 1
1-
# 3
1-
Probability I
1!
K
:
K
K
K
K
:
:
:
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
A-S;ERS
C'apte" 13 P"oailit!
2*estions acco")in< to e(amination #o"mat
1 A ! # 3 A 4 #
, A - B 1 A 2 B
3 B 18 A 11 # 1! A
13 B 14 A 1, A 1- B
11 B
Past Yea"s SP4 2*estions
1 # ! B 3 A 4 B
, A - B 1 # 2 #
3 A 18 B 11 A 1! A
13 A 14 B 1, A 1- B
11 A 12 A 13 A !8 B
!1 B !! A !3 # !4 #
Probability I
13