Age: 1 year old Case: CAP Generic Name: bacillus clausii
Brand Name: Erceflora
Classification: Antidiarrheals
Suggested Dose:
Adults 2-3 vials of 2 billion/5 mL susp
Children 2-11 years 1-2 vials of 2 billion/5 mL susp
Infants >1 month 1-2 vials of 2 billion/5 mL susp.
Mode of Action:
Contributes to the recovery of the intestinal microbial flora altered during the course of microbial disorders of diverse origin. It produces various vitamins, particularly group B vitamins thus contributing to correction of vitamin disorders caused by antibiotics & chemotherapeutic agents. Promotes normalization of intestinal flora.
Indication:
Acute diarrhea with duration of 14 days due to infection, drugs or poisons. Chronic or persistent diarrhea with duration of >14 days.
Contraindication: Not for use in immunocompromised patients (cancer patients on chemotherapy, patients taking immunosuppressant meds)
Drug Interaction: No known drug interactions.
Side Effects: No known side effects.
Adverse Effects: No known adverse effects.
DRUG STUDY OF ALBUTEROL SULFATE Name: John Relator Age: 11 months Case: Acute Gastroenteritis with Moderate Dehydration PCAP with (CAP-MR) Generic Name: albuterol sulfate
Brand Name: Proventil
Functional Class: Antiasthmatic, Bronchodilator Mechanism of Action: In low doses, acts relatively selectively at beta2adrenergic receptors to cause bronchodilation and vasodilation; at higher doses; beta2selectivity is lost, and the drug acts at beta2 receptors to cause typical sympathomimetic cardiac effects. Indications: Inhalation: Treatment of acute attacks of bronchospasm Prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm Contraindications: Contraindicated with hypersensitivity to albuterol; tachyarrhythmias, tachycardia caused by digitalis intoxication; general anesthesia with halogenated hydrocarbons or cyclopropane )these synthesize the myocardium to catecholamines); unstable vasomotor system disorders;hypertension; coronary insufficiency, CAD; history of CVA; COPD patients with degenerative heart disease. Actual Dose: 1 neb q 6 Actual Indication: Treatment of acute attacks of bronchospasm. Interactions: Drug-drug: Increased sympathomimetic effects with other sympathomimetic drugs. Increased risk of toxicity, especially cardiac, when used with theophylline, aminophylline. Decreased bronchodilating effects with beta-adrenergic blockers (eg, propranolol) Decreased effectiveness of insulin, oral hypoglycemic drugs. Decreased serum levels and therapeutic effects of digoxin. Side Effects: Dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, headache, nausea, vomiting, anxiety, sweating, flushing, rapid heart rate Adverse Effects: CNS: Hyperkinesia, insomnia, tremor, irritability, vertigo GI: Heartburn, unusual or bad taste in mouth DERMATOLOGIC: Pallor RESPIRATORY: Respiratory difficulties, pulmonary edema, coughing, bronchospasm; paradoxical airway resistance with repeated, excessive use of inhalation preparations Nursing Considerations: Use miminal doses for minimal periods; drug tolerance can occur with prolonged used. Do not exceed recommended dosage; administer pressurized inhalation drug forms during second half of inspiration, because the airways are open wider and the aerosol distribution is more extensive. Pregnancy Category: C Patient Teaching: Advise SO to do not exceed recommended dosage; adverse effects or loss of effectiveness may result. Read the instructions that come with respiratory inhalant. Advise SO to report if the patient has chest pain, dizziness, insomnia, weakness, or tremors or irregular heartbeat, DOB, productive cough, failure to respond to usual dose. RATIONALE: This drug was given to this patient because he has pneumonia which causes him to have DOB. This drug is to give him comfort and to breath normally.