Solar panels

that eliminate
your energy bills
PAGE 76
An air conditioner that
anticipates your needs
PAGE 59
Walls that
can weather
a hurricane
PAGE 66
A yard that
keeps you
active
PAGE 74
A sprinkler that
tracks the weather
PAGE 80
A door that can
sense your approach
PAGE 59
A car
that can
power
your
house
PAGE 79
A garden
that
lters
your air
PAGE 87
Terror Central
/ /
Summer Books T he Antisocial Network
THE
SMARTER
HOME
39-PAGE
SPECIAL
REPORT
The dwellings of the future will
make you calmer, safer, richer and
healthier and they already exist
J ULY 7 / J ULY 14, 2014 DOUBL E I S SUE
t i me . c o m

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on the cover:
Model house and
photograph by Lori Nix
and Kathleen Gerber
for Time
Student Lynda Elayna Spratley inside a microhouse in
Atlanta on May 29. Photograph by Ian Allen for Time
FEATURES
28 A Mission From God
The Oklahoma family behind Hobby
Lobby is testing the limits of religious
freedom in America by David Van Biema
34 Importing Jihad
Thousands of Westerners are ghting for
Islamists in Iraq and Syria. Will they
bring their war home? by Aryn Baker
40 Dangerous Questions
The controversial website Ask.fm has
become a haven for teens and a hotbed of
anonymous vitriol by Jack Dickey
46 Special Report: Homes of the Future
Smart technology and innovative design
are making homes safer, stronger
and more efcient
Jeff Koons solo
show, page 90
time July 714, 2014 1
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2 x Conversation
BRIEFING
7 x Verbatim
8 x LightBox
World Cup fans take
to the hills in Brazil
10 x World
Election fraud in
Afghanistan; Titans
magic island
12 x Nation
The Supreme Court
limits cell-phone
searches
18 x Business
Artisanal whiskeys
rise has spurred a
barrelmaking boom
20 x Health
Sorting the claims
of weight-loss
supplements
21 x Milestones
Farewell to
Kevlar inventor
Stephanie Kwolek
COMMENTARY
22 x The Curious
Capitalist
Rana Foroohar on
how anticorporate
populism unites the
far right and far left
24 x In the Arena
Joe Klein on the
merits of Hillary
Clintons Hard Choices
THE CULTURE
90 x Art
Jeff Koons, the art
worlds prosperous
man-boy, gets a
full-career show in
New York City
96 x Movies
A compelling
documentary
about the late critic
Roger Ebert
98 x Summer Books
Handicapping this
years candidates for
book of the summer;
touring the globe
from your bookshelf;
gourmet recipes
for reading; how to
beachify weighty
tomes; the legacy of
John le Carrs rst hit
Plus: Six authors
blurb themselves
106 x The Awesome
Column
Joel Stein masters
video-game
spectatorship
108 x 10 Questions
O.J. prosecutor
Marcia Clark
vol. 184, no. 1
|
2014
TIME (ISSN 0040-781X) is published weekly, except for two issues combined for one week in January, May, July, August, September and December, by Time Inc. Principal Ofce: Time & Life Building, Rockefeller Center, New York, NY 10020-1393.
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LIGHTBOX This surprising color photograph of a French soldier was taken
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Write to us
i live in a dumb house. which is
not to say that I dont love its quirky
charm, its drafty windows and leaky
replaces and an electrical system
that protests when too many people
are trying to vacuum and micro-
wave at the same time. But charm is not always
user-friendly.
It can be, however, which I learned while
watching senior editor Dan Macsai, along with
senior photo editor Natalie Matutschovsky and
designer Chelsea Kardokus, assemble this weeks
special issue on the smarter home. The proles
of companies such as Nest and SmartThings pre-
view what our homes will be able to do as they
become increasingly alive and alert to our needs,
safety and convenience. But our denitions of
smart transcend gadgetry, as our reporters explore
what is changing in design and planning as well
as in technology and efciency.
To those whose homes have been repossessed
or ooded or destroyed by a hurricane, the idea of
Bluetooth-enabled toothbrushes and touchscreen
refrigerators probably seems kind of ridiculous,
notes Dan. So this issue goes beyond comfort to
look at how homes can solve urgent problems in
fascinating ways. We explore the oating homes
in Amsterdam, built as a model for cities with
rising sea levels, and an apartment complex in
Milan whose balconies house a forests worth of
plant life to improve air quality. We show how a
well-designed house can help a disabled veteran
or a family displaced by a storm and how a com-
munity in Austin is tracking every watt of energy
it uses, so the rest of us can learn to lower our
electricity bills. In design as in life, smart can also
mean wise, kind, inspiringand cost-effective.
And that has a charm all its own.
How to Live Smarter
Nancy Gibbs, managing editor
Doughnut down! If you
scoop it up quickly
and beat the
ve-second rule, is it
safe to eat? With
You Asked, a new
weekly series, well
have experts answer
your awkward, burning
health questions.
Look for it online
every Wednesday,
and you can reach us
on Twitter
@TIMEHealth.
NOW ON
TIME.COM
BEHIND THE COVER Since the late 1990s,
photographer Lori Nix (left, with colleague
Kathleen Gerber) has constructed dioramas and
photographed the results. Nix and Gerber spent
more than 120 hours working on the diorama
used for our cover. Everything (except the model
car and plants) was handmade or modied by the
duo. For a behind-the-scenes video showing how
they did it, go to time.com/smarthome.
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4
What You Said About ...
IRAQ 2.0 Michael Crowleys
June 30 cover story on the
battle for control of Iraq was
praised by Donna Price as
perhaps the most knowl-
edgeable, well researched
and written article on the
growing Middle East night-
mare that Ive read. It also
prompted Nelson Marans
of Silver Spring, Md., to
decry the blame game be-
ing played . . . ranging from
George Bush to Barack
Obama. Perhaps we should look at the
U.S. intelligence agencies, [which] made
the call on weapons of mass destruc-
tion. Others debated what the next
steps should be. What to do in Iraq?
wrote Ron Lowe of Nevada City, Calif.
If youre a realist, you know that the
Sunnis, allied with the extremely vio-
lent Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, have
moved to within 40 miles of Baghdad.
Do we let them overrun Iraq? Jacob
Brauner of London had another take:
Cooperating with Iran in combat-
ing ISIS will inevitably result in the
strengthening of the Shiite militias.
Arent those militias as fanatic as their
Sunni counterparts?
MY HOG, MYSELF Finally, Harley David-
son got its corporate head out of its tail-
pipe, wrote Allen Stanko of San Diego,
one of the least cynical commenters on
Bill Saporitos June 30 feature on the
motorcycle giants new electric bike.
Jim Schepers of Grand Rapids, Mich.,
wrote: Harley-Davidsons desire to be
badass green reveals how captive the
company is to its self-contrived image.
THE END OF RETIREMENT Rana Fo-
roohars examination of what Social
Security will look like in
2030 sparked anxietyand
suggestions for possible
solutions. Andrew Colyer
of Bel Air, Md., proposed
saving [up] and living with-
in your means. Another
reader, Kimberly Croft,
wrote this: Im sure there
Conversation
are plenty of good, rational suggestions
for xing Social Security to make it
viable for the next few generations. Of
course, Washington lacks the politi-
cal will to do anything constructive,
much less face this catastrophe in the
making. Meanwhile, David Mindlin of
South Daytona, Fla., found a humorous
upside: The article was excellent but
failed to mention a big positive related
to multigenerational households for us
oldsters: in-house tech support!
THE MAVERICK I have never
been convinced of the ben-
et of cloning, but I would
love to see a Congress full
of Senator Joe Manchins,
wrote Mary Lee Peterson
of Tucson, Ariz., in response to Jon
Meachams prole of the West Virginia
politician, who spoke about his frustra-
tion with getting work done in Wash-
ington. Randy Schiffman of Wausau,
Wis., agreed, lamenting that until
the climate changes, real leaders like
Manchin will be forced to prosper in
arenas other than politics.
PIT BULLS A June 20 Time.com piece by
Charlotte Alter called The Problem
With Pit Bullsabout the
safety of that kind of canine
brought on a deluge of protest
mail from pit-bull supporters.
Pets are just like children. They
are what you make them, wrote
Stu M. Dill, who objected to
blaming the type of dog rather
than negligent owners.
RELIEF IN
ACTION
Melissa Stockwell has never
given up, even after being
injured by an IED in Iraq. After
rigorous rehab and training,
shes become a Paralympian and
a three-time paratriathlon world
champion. Now she works to
empower other veterans like her.
Advil

Relief in Action proudly

supports patriotic volunteers like
Melissa who help our wounded
veterans get their lives back.
JOIN THE ADVIL

RELIEF
IN ACTION CAMPAIGN
#RELIEFINACTION.
Learn more and discover
other volunteer stories at
Facebook.com/Advil.
A HERO AND CHAMPION
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Melissa gives back
through her nonprot,
Dare2Tri, by providing
training and equipment
for athletes who want to
develop their skills
in paratriathlon.
MELISSA
STOCKWELL
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Briefing
ANTONIN SCALIA,
U.S. Supreme Court Justice, on the
decision to allow the agency to restrict
greenhouse-gas emissions from
certain sources, including power plants
The EPA is
getting almost
everything
it wanted.
Increase in autism risk
with prenatal exposure to
pesticides, according to a
large study by the University
of California at Davis
You should
get married.
AKIHIRO SUZUKI, Tokyo
assemblyman, to female
colleague Ayaka Shiomura
while she gave a
speech calling for greater
public support for
pregnant Japanese women
7 ft. 1 in.
Height (216 cm) of
20-year-old Baylor
University center
Isaiah Austin, who
was diagnosed
with Marfan
syndrome and had
to withdraw from
the NBA draft
CRISTIANO RONALDO,
Portugal forward, after his teams 2-2
draw with the U.S. in the World Cup
I never
thought we
could be world
champions.
We have to be
humble.
60%
Sharks
The great white
shark population
off U.S. coasts
is growing after
years of decline
Swimmers
Experts are
predicting a rise
in coastal shark
attacks; there
were about 50
last year
The very future of Iraq depends on choices
that will be made in the next days and weeks.
JOHN KERRY, U.S. Secretary of State, urging the feuding leaders in Iraq to form a coordinated opposition to insurgents;
Kerry, who said Washington had ruled out air strikes in Iraq, promised sustained support from the U.S. military
$24 million
Estimated value of the 112-ft.
(34 m) yacht Polar Bear, which
was damaged in a Chula Vista,
Calif., re captured on lm
by a remote-controlled drone
This ... does
nothing to
support Egypts
claim to be on
a transition
to democracy.
JULIE BISHOP, Australian
Foreign Minister, on the
sentences handed down to three
al-Jazeera journalists
GOOD WEEK
BAD WEEK
THE WEEK
LUIS SUREZ BIT A
PLAYERAGAIN
New York Times (2); Guardian; ESPN; CNN; University of California, Davis, MIND Institute; Business Insider
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(
2
)
time July 714, 2014

FOR PI CTURES OF THE WEEK,
GO TO lightbox.time.com
Photograph by Rodrigo Buendia
AFP/Getty Images
The Faithful Gather
Fans wearing the canary yellow jerseys of
the Brazilian national soccer team pose
on a ledge near the statue of Christ the
Redeemer on Corcovado Hill in Rio de
Janeiro on June 24. The host nation of the
ongoing 2014 FIFA World Cup, Brazil is also
one of the favorites to win the tournament,
which concludes on July 13.
LightBox
Brieng


POLAND
'e lo|||/mer|can
a|||ance | wor|||e,
even |arm|u|, a || g|ve
lo|anc a |a|e ene o|
ecur||,. l|' |u||||.'
RADOSLAW SIKORSKI, Polish Foreign Minister, during an alleged recording of
a conversation with a former Finance Minister that was leaked to a local
magazine, which published excerpts on June 22less than three weeks
after President Barack Obama visited the country
THREE ESSENTIAL
FACTS ABOUT
long long' 'l||ega|'
\o|e |or Lemocrac,
More than 700,000 Hong Kong
residentsabout 10% of the
populationvoted online and at
polling stations in the early stages
of an unofcial 10-day referendum
on electoral reform that began on
June20. City authorities said they
would not acknowledge the results
of the exercise, while Beijing dis-
missed the poll as a joke.
THE BACKGROUND An exBritish
colony that reverted to Chinese
control in 1997, Hong Kong oper-
ates semiautonomously, with its
citizens enjoying more freedom
than their counterparts on the
Chinese mainland. But many are
worried about Beijings growing
inuence on the citys affairs.
THE BALLOT Organized by a protest
group to rally support for pro-
democracy reform and preserve the
citys autonomy, the referendum
asks locals to choose among three
proposals for changing the way
Hong Kong selects its leader, the
chief executive. All three involve
a vote for candidates proposed
by the public. The Chinese and
Hong Kong governments say the
candidates should be vetted by a
nomination committee.
WHATS NEXT The group behind
the vote has threatened to organize
protests if authorities dont meet
its demands. But those in power
show little sign of listening, and
the state-run paper Global Times
labeled the poll an illegal farce.
Brieng
World
1
U.K.
3
Sweden
5
Germany
9
France
11
U.S.
Fraud Allegations
Threaten Outcome
Of Afghan Election
Accusations of fraud have cast a dark
shadow over the Afghan presidential
election, threatening what is meant
to be the countrys rst peaceful
transition of power since the U.S.-led
invasion in 2001.
On June23, Afghanistans top elec-
tion ofcial, Zia-ul-Haq Amarkhil,
resigned after being accused of vote
rigging by one of the two candidates
vying to replace Hamid Karzai as
President. His exit came less than a
week after Abdullah Abdullah, an
exForeign Minister, said he would
reject the election commissions
results because of what he claimed
was an attempt to manipulate the
outcome in favor of his opponent,
Ashraf Ghani. A day
before Amarkhils
resignation, the Abdul-
lah campaign released
recordings of phone
conversations in which
the election ofcial al-
legedly talked about
stufng ballot boxes.
A favorite to succeed
Karzai, Abdullah led the
eld in the rst round of
voting in April but failed
to get a clear majority. A
second round, in which
Supporters of presidential candidate Abdullah
Abdullah demonstrate in the streets of Herat
Abdullah faced off against Ghani,
took place in early June, with the
results due on July22.
Although Abdullah might now
rejoin the race, the allegations of
fraud have spawned protests and
fueled ethnic tensions between
supporters of the two candidates.
Ghani, a former Finance Minister, is
Pashtun, while Abdullah draws his
support from the rival Tajik com-
munity. Each candidate said that if
he won, he would sign a bilateral
security deal with the U.S. to keep a
small contingent of American troops
in the country after 2014. Karzai has
refused to endorse the deal.
But rst there must be a transfer
of power that is acceptable to both
sides. The taint of impropriety, if it
sticks, could trigger violence just as
most foreign troops prepare to leave
Afghanistan at the end of the year.
DATA
GLOBAL
HEALTH CARE
The Common-
wealth Fund
ranked health
care systems
in 11 wealthy
nations according
to criteria such
as quality and
access. Below,
a sampling of
the rankings:
People vote in Hong
Kongs unofcial
referendum
10 By Aleksandra Gjorgievska, Jeffrey Kluger, Emily Rauhala and Noah Rayman

THE EXPLAINER
H 0\VWHULRXV C0DJLF ,VODQG RQ
2QH RI 6DWXUQV 0RRQV
Not Amused
NORTHERN IRELANDQueen Elizabeth II tours the Belfast set of the hit HBO series Game of Thrones on June 24. The
88-year-old British monarch met the shows cast and crew and inspected many of the props featured in the series, including
the Iron Throne, above. Her visit to the set was part of a three-day tour of Northern Ireland, during which she praised the unity
government forged by Protestants and Catholics in 2007. Photograph by Phil NobleReuters
WORLD
The Background
Titan, like Earth,
has oceans and
seas, but at 290F
(179C), theyre
lled with liquid
methane and
ethane, not water.
Their existence was
long suspected but
wasnt proved until
NASAs Cassini
probe began orbiting
Saturn in 2004.
Trending In
NEGOTIATIONS
Thousands of
South African
miners agreed to
a wage deal
with the countrys
largest mining
rms, ending a
ve-month strike
JUSTICE
The Mexican army
captured Luis
Fernando Snchez
Arellano, the leader
of the once powerful
Tijuana drug cartel.
The government
offered a $2.3 million
reward for tips
leading to his arrest
SPORTS
Uruguayan soccer
player Luis Surez
appeared to bite the
shoulder of Italys
Giorgio Chiellini
during a World
Cup match, which
Uruguay won 1-0
TERRORISM
Suspected Boko
Haram militants
abducted at least
90 people in Nigeria,
two months after
they kidnapped more
than 200 schoolgirls
Brieng
51
MILLION
Number of refugees,
asylum seekers and
internally displaced
people in 2013,
according to the
U.N.the most
since World War II.
Afghans, Syrians and
Somalis made up more
than half the global
refugee population
The Discovery
During its ybys
of Titan, Cassini
conducted radar
scans of Ligeia
Mare, the
moons northern
sea. The images
revealed what
looked like an island
that was present
in 2013 and not at
other times.
What It Means
The Internet labeled
the discovery a
magic island, but
its likely the result
of turbulence
in the sea as
Titans summer
approaches,
with changing
levels revealing
and swamping
the island.
Titan, Saturns largest moon, is one of the solar systems
most remarkable satellites, and the appearance on it of a
new landmass has made it more intriguing still.
A probes-eye
view of a
Titanic sea
AFGHANI STAN, TERRORI SM: REUTERS; SI KORSKI : EPA; HONG KONG: AP; SATURN: NASA/J PL- CALTECH/ASI /UNI VERSI T Y OF ARI ZONA/CORNELL; SPORTS: GET T Y I MAGES

Brieng
Nation
THE AIRWAVES
An End for
Aereo
Cord cutters lost a nifty new
gizmo on June 25 when the
Supreme Court ruled that
its illegal for a company
to stream broadcast TV
online without paying ABC,
CBS, NBC and Fox hefty
copyright fees.
That means lights-out
for Aereo, a TV-streaming
service that launched
in Brooklyn nearly two
years ago that allowed
its customers to pay a
piddling feeabout $8 a
monthto watch all kinds
of locally broadcast shows,
including professional
football and baseball
games, through an Internet
connection. Consumer
groups had cheered Aereo
for giving people a way to
ditch their ever increasing
cable bills, but the court
wasnt convinced. It said
that Aereo, which rented
tiny antennas to each of
its customers and then
saved shows in the digital
cloud, was behaving just
like a traditional cable or
satellite-TV company and
had to pay copyright fees
for the programming. Its
over now, cable pioneer
Barry Diller, a key Aereo
backer, told CNBC.
The ruling could raise
new legal concerns for
other cloud-computing
services, like Dropbox and
iCloud, which allow users to
store les without checking
for copyright violations.
HALEY SWEETLAND
EDWARDS
Privacy Is Portable H FRXUW
WDNHV D EURDG YLHZ RQ F\EHUULJKWV
BY MASSIMO CALABRESI
the question before the
Supreme Court was nar-
row: Can law-enforcement
ofcers search cell phones
without a warrant after an
arrest, as they are allowed to
do with address books and
wallets? The ruling, how-
ever, was anything but. In
a landmark decision issued
June 25, a unanimous court
claried long-standing ques-
tions about constitutional
protections in the computer
age and potentially shifted
the debate over cyber-rights
in modern society.
On the matter of the cell-
phone searches, Chief Justice
John Roberts concluded that,
barring an extraordinary
circumstance like child
abduction or a ticking time
bomb, the Fourth Amend-
ments guarantee against un-
reasonable searches required
cops to get a warrant before
examining a cell phone after
an arrest. But the normally
restrained Roberts went
much further, writing that
when it comes to privacy,
the difference between a
wallet and a cell phone is as
great as that between a ride
on horseback and a ight
to the moon. The mini-
computers we carry in our
pockets can collect in one
place the sum of an indi-
viduals private life, Roberts
wrote, and Americans now
have a greater expectation
of privacy in that sum total
than in any individual part.
The fact that new technology
makes private life portable
renders it no less worthy of
the protection for which the
Founders fought.
Supreme Court watchers
called the opinion stun-
ning and revolutionary.
By invoking the vision of
the founders of the country
to maintain private space
in the digital age, says Tom
Goldstein, a prominent
Supreme Court lawyer, the
Justices embraced without
limits a strong vision of
digital privacy.
That vision has the poten-
tial to resonate beyond crim-
inal law. In the near term,
lower courts are considering
whether mass data collec-
tion by the National Security
Agency violates privacy pro-
tections; those who argue it
does were heartened by the
cell-phone ruling. And while
the courts opinion addresses
only the Fourth Amend-
ment, which applies to gov-
ernment searches, it sets the
tone for coming ghts over
commercial and workplace
privacy. As Steven Shapiro
of the American Civil Liber-
ties Union put it, the courts
sweeping statement has the
potential to change the
public-policy debate about
corporate intrusions into
our lives.
12 time July 714, 2014
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ELECTIONS
Tea Party Comes Up Short in
A Bitter Mississippi Runoff
in the end, mississippis biggest
stars came out for Thad Cochran.
Former NFL quarterback Brett
Favre cut an ad about schools, and
Trent Lott, a popular former Sena-
tor who now lobbies for the states
defense contractors, testied
about Senator Cochrans ability to
bring home the federal bacon.
And when the votes were
counted in the June 24 Republican
runoff, Cochran squeaked by with
just a few thousand votes more
than challenger Chris McDaniel,
a Tea Partybacked state senator
and former talk-radio host. Co-
chran won thanks in part to an
unknown number of Democrats,
many of them African American,
who crossed over to support the
six-term GOP appropriator.
The outcome was a letdown for
the right-wing insurgents who
had made the Magnolia State one
of the premier battlegrounds of
the 2014 cycle. Deep-pocketed
moderates like the U.S. Chamber
of Commerce and the ercely
anti-Washington Club for Growth
fought a proxy war in the state,
spending millions to tilt the vote.
That ght turned nasty, with
lawsuits, criminal investigations
and allegations of dirty tricks,
including claims that a McDaniel
supporter illegally videotaped
Cochrans ailing wife in a nurs-
ing home. One radio ad by an
outside group selectively quoted
Cochran to suggest hed admitted
to bestiality.
Coming a week after the
Tea Partys unexpected defeat of
House majority leader Eric Cantor,
the campaign was another clash
between an emblem of the Estab-
lishment and a grassroots upstart,
between a conductor on the gravy
train and an antigovernment pur-
ist. This time, the moderates held.
There is something a bit un-
usual about a Republican primary
thats decided by liberal Demo-
crats, McDaniel said on election
night, as if to imply that he may
challenge the result. But there
are few legal routes open to him,
and Cochran is expected to easily
defeat his Democratic opponent
in November.
Some called Cochrans win
the beginning of the end of the
Tea Party. Maybe so, but the rebels
will retain plenty of clout inside
the GOP and beyond it for years.
denver nicks
POLITICS Governor Chris
Christie of New Jersey
must now contend with a
second bridge investigation.
The latest inquiry centers
on whether Christies
administration violated
securities law by pressuring
the Port Authority of New
York and New Jersey into
paying for repairs to the
crumbling Pulaski Skyway
connecting Newark and
Jersey City with bond money
raised for another purpose.
The probe is distinct from the
ongoing federal investigation
into the lane closures on the
George Washington Bridge.
ENVIRONMENT Citing
potential damage
to the Great Lakes,
Illinois became the
rst state to ban
microbeads, the tiny
pieces of plastic that
are popular in personal-care
products like exfoliating
face wash. The plastic bits
are not ltered in sewage-
treatment processes and
pass easily into waterways,
accounting for $13 billion
in damage to marine life,
according to the EPA.
CIVIL LIBERTIES A federal
judge in Oregon ruled
June 24 that the government
must allow U.S. citizens to
challenge their placement
on the no-y list, the secret
index established after 9/11
to ban suspected terrorists
from air travel. The suit
was brought by 13 Muslim
Americans who said they
learned of their status after
being blocked from ights.
ECONOMY
2.9%
Percentage that the U.S.
GDP fell in the rst quarter
of 2014, making it the worst
rate of decline since the
recession ended in 2009.
The Rundown
SCANDALS
IRS IN MORE
TROUBLE
WITH GOP
To the list of
conduct once
unacceptable
tobut since
embraced bythe
Internal Revenue
Service we can
now add false
promises. Called
before a House
subcommittee to
explain his
agencys loss of
two years worth of
emails sought by
Congress, IRS
director John
Koskinen (below)
said on June 23
that he knew about
the missing emails
in March when he
said he would
deliver them but
overpromised
because he wanted
to see if they were
recoverable
elsewhere.
Perhaps mindful of
the value of bashing
tax collectors in an
election year,
Republicans were
outraged. Then
came the testimony
on June 24 by
National Archivist
David Ferriero, who
said the IRS failure
to report the
missing emails
may violate the
Federal Records
Act. Less clear:
whether the IRS
targeted Tea Party
groups for scrutiny
because of
their politics.
M.C.
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Small Business
Business
five miles from the worlds
largest rocking chair and just be-
yond a barbecue joint with bath-
rooms labeled hisn and hern is a
eld piled high with slices of oak.
Those staves belong to McGinnis
Wood Products, a family cooper-
age in Cuba, Mo., whose barrels
are in such high demand that the
company has already turned away
double the number of orders that
it has the capacity to ll this year.
Years ago, me and Dad started
traveling the country telling
everybody this was coming, says
Don McGinnis, president of the
business his father Leroy started
in 1968. Some people were just
plumb rude about it. They
thought we were hollerin wolf.
Turns out they werent. Ameri-
ca is in the midst of a barrel pan-
ic, says Kelvin Cooperages Paul
McLaughlin, a result of the soar-
ing worldwide demand for whis-
key and a shortage of the wood
for vessels necessary to age it.
Thanks to Title 27 of the U.S.
Code, American whiskeys like
bourbon can be matured only in
new, charred oak containers.
Countries like China are expect-
ed to drink nearly 50% more U.S.
whiskey by 2018. Also hot are
Irish and Scottish whiskies,
whose distillers have long im-
ported used bourbon barrels to
age their own rewater. Today
they are facing increasing compe-
tition for secondhand containers
from the fast-growing foodie
marketepicures who want to
impart some of bourbons sweet
smokiness to everything from
soy sauce to maple syrup.
The result has been a barrel-
making boom, with the nations
handful of coopers working hard-
er than they have in years and
new barrel brokers entering the
business. Were the busiest
weve ever been, says Brad Bos-
well, a fourth-generation owner
of Independent Stave Company
in Lebanon, Mo., about 80 miles
southwest of Cuba. Theres this
perfect storm.
Inside Boswells factory, the
scent of campre-roasted smores
lls the airthe result of the
vanillin-and-sugar-rich white
oak being charred. Its a familiar
smell at the countrys dozens of
spirit-barrel makers, who rely on
techniques passed down from
generations of coopers before them.
In recent years, cooperages were
hampered by another problem: the
Great Recession hit the housing in-
dustry hard, thinning the supply
of white oak (which coopers prefer
for its watertight cells and the a-
vor it conveys). The logs that have
barrel-quality wood in them are a
very, very small percentage of the
hardwood forest, Boswell says.
With fewer timber mills and log-
ging crews to harvest that wood,
barrelmakers have suffered from a
shortage of staves that is only now
abating. Combined with a rainy
season last year that made it hard
for returning loggers to get their
equipment into forests, the short-
age has sent the wholesale price for
a standard barrel to about $150, up
from $100 a decade ago.
Among the customers willing
to pay those pricesand some-
times hundreds moreare craft
distillers and brewers. Though
they represent a sliver of the
market, the number of small-
batch distillers has been grow-
ing 30% a year. Experimental
companies feeding consumers
taste for all things artisanal are
not only aging whiskies in oak
but also seeking barrels for light
spirits like gin that traditionally
go straight into the bottle, says
American Distilling Institute
president Bill Owens. Smaller
cooperages that cater to the craft
market are almost upside down
with orders, he says. And so are
big ones. Brown-Forman, which
builds barrels for its Jack Dan-
iels whiskey at its plant in Louis-
ville, Ky., is opening a second,
$60 million facility in Alabama
this summer.
There was a time when stor-
age space was worth more than
empty barrels, says John Gill, the
chief barrel guy at the Barrel
Broker in Mequon, Wis. Now we
all have to ght for them. n
Over a Barrel H WKLUVW IRU FUDHG
KRRFK LV IXHOLQJ D FRRSHULQJ UHYLYDO
BY KATY STEINMETZ/CUBA, MO.
In short supply Artisanal products have helped spark a run on oak barrels
SOURCES: EUROMONI TOR
I NTERNATI ONAL; KENTUCKY
DI STI LLERS ASSOCI ATI ON;
AMERI CAN DI STI LLI NG
I NSTI TUTE; BREWERS
ASSOCI ATI ON
331
Number of
barrel-aged
beers entered
in the tasting
competition at the
Great American
Beer Festival
in 2013, up from
26 in 2002.
630
Number of craft
distilleries in the
U.S. today.
120%
Percentage yearly
increase in barrels
stored at Kentucky
warehouses since
1999. The number
of barrels currently
aging whiskey in
the Bluegrass
Stateproducer
of 95% of the
worlds bourbon
outnumber
residents by more
than 1 million.
ROUND
NUMBERS
18 time July 714, 2014
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It pays to tend
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Statistics, October 2013, One day processing turnaround based on business days after required documents are received. Online claims available for Accident, Sickness, Cancer & Wellness claims.
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Eastbridge Consulting Group. U.S. Worksite/Voluntary Sales Report. Carrier Results for 2012. Avon, CT: April 2013. Coverage is underwritten by American Family Life Assurance Company
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Z131178 11/13

Brieng
if there existed a safe, effective and rigorously tested weight-loss pill that
could help slim you down without dangerous side effects, youd be best off hearing about it
from your doctor. But for now, most weight-loss supplements are not evaluated for safety
by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and their too-good-to-be-true promises
come from marketers, whose claims are facing scrutiny by the Federal Trade Commission.
Diet-supplement claims were also at the center of a recent U.S. Senate hearing, where law-
makers questioned Dr. Mehmet Oz for having called some diet pills a miracle and magic
weight-loss cure despite a lack of validated scientic evidence. And while prescription
weight-loss drugs like Belviq and Qsymia are regulated by the FDA, supplements are not. A
bill introduced in 2013 requiring companies to register their products with the FDA and
improve labeling to include safety risks and efcacy is now before a Senate committee. In
the meantime, here is what science saysor doesnt sayabout whats out there.
Dieters, Beware Supplements for weight loss
DUH KHDY\ RQ FODLPV DQG OLJKW RQ VFLHQWLoF SURRI
BY ALICE PARK AND ALEXANDRA SIFFERLIN
Health
The Universe of Diet Supplements
The Checkup
HEADLINE SAYS:
Can Drugs for Depression
Harm Babies Hearts?
SCIENCE SAYS: A study of
more than 900,000 women
found that those who took
antidepressants while
pregnant werent more likely
to have fetuses with heart
defects. Thats good news
for the 8% to 13% of women
who take the drugs, but if
youre pregnant, you should
still talk to your physician
about side effects.
HEADLINE SAYS:
A Broccoli Drink Can
Detox Your Blood
SCIENCE SAYS: Scientists
gave 300 Chinese men and
women a broccoli-sprout
beverage that cleared air-
pollution toxins from their
system faster than normal.
The researchers think the
answer lies in the cancer-
preventing compounds
found in the veggies.
HEADLINE SAYS:
The FDA Will Limit Salt in
Processed Foods
SCIENCE SAYS: The FDA is
proposing a guideline on the
amount of sodium that
manufacturers can add to
processed food. The agency
says too much sodium leads
to high blood pressure and
heart diseasebut for now
its just a recommendation,
so its strictly voluntary.
Follow
doctors
orders
Baby
steps
Green juice,
anyone?
HEALTH NEWS EXAMINED
HYDROXYCITRATE
GUAR GUM

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HOODIA
BETA GLUCAN
BITTER ORANGE
AAI BERRY WHEY
CLAIM: They will melt away fat
and help build muscle
SCIENCE: Not much. Theres
insufcient evidence that they
can contribute to weight loss
RISKS: Some are banned by the
FDA (though they remain
available online) over risks of
organ failure
FAT
BURNERS
CLAIM: The pills and powders
can make you feel full, causing
you to eat less
SCIENCE: There are few human
studies conrming their
effectiveness
RISKS: Since they havent
been well studied, side
effects are wholly unknown
APPETITE
SUPPRESSANTS
CLAIM: You wont absorb as
much dietary fat from your food
SCIENCE: There isnt strong
evidence that these work without
a lower-calorie diet
RISKS: Some cause diarrhea and
inhibit vitamin absorption, while
others, made from shellsh, may
trigger allergic reactions
FAT
BLOCKERS
CLAIM: They help you burn
more fat and calories
SCIENCE: Stimulants
may help cells use more energy,
but they can come with serious
adverse effects
RISKS: Some stimulants speed
heart rate and blood pressure,
and heart attacks have
been reported
METABOLISM
BOOSTERS
GREEN COFFEE
CHITOSAN
GAMMA LINOLEIC ACID
DNP
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:

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Milestones
Brieng
time July 714, 2014 21
DIED
Stephanie Kwolek
H OLIHVDYLQJ LQYHQWRU RI .HYODU
On the long list of happy accidents in science, some discoveries prove
to be more monumental than others. Stephanie Kwoleks was one of
them. In the mid-1960s, Kwolek, who died June 18 at 90, was working at
DuPonta rare exception in the male-dominated world of chemistry
looking for a new synthetic ber to use in tires. As she toiled in the lab,
she noticed that one mixture of a polymer and a solvent looked different
from the rest. Instead of assuming shed made a mistake, she was curious
and followed up on her observation. When her formula was spun into
ber, it proved to be ve times as strong as steel. DuPont called it Kevlar.
Kevlar is famous for its protective powers, and thanks to its application
in bulletproof vests and body armor, it has saved countless lives. But thats
not the only reason it landed Kwolek in the National Inventors Hall of
Fame. The Kevlar gloves Kwolek wears in the photo above, for example,
help workers avoid cuts. Kevlar has also been used to strengthen items
from boats and baseball bats to shoelaces and cell phones. And in a nice
full-circle twist, its used in tires too. lily rothman
DIED
Gerry Gofn
3RS ZRUGVPLWK
In the 1960s, before singer-
songwriters became
fashionable, songwriters
names were just part of the
small print on a 45-r.p.m. disc.
If people knew who wrote such
classics as Will You Love Me
Tomorrow or (You Make Me
Feel Like) A Natural Woman,
its probably because their
composer, Carole King,
eventually became a pop star.
Its true King wrote the music
for those perennials, but Gerry
Gofn, her husband in the
60s, wrote the words.
Gofn, who died June 19 at
75, never achieved Kings
renown. His triumph was more
private: he expanded the pop
lexicon. A look at his lyrics
upends the common wisdom
that pre-Beatles pop was all
banal optimism conveyed in
moon-June-spoon doggerel.
Gofn was eerily in sync with
the convulsions teenagers feel
during rst love, rst sex and
rst breakup.
Gofn used the pop-ballad
form to offer hard answers to
dewy questions and, often, to
say that lifes most perplexing
riddles had no comforting
resolutions. King put the
hummable lilt in many of their
songs, but Gofn educated
young listeners on the
complexity of love and loss. He
wasnt just the guy who put
simple words to her lovely
music. He was a prime 60s
poet of teen yearning.
RICHARD CORLISS
ACQUITTED
Former tabloid editor
Rebekah Brooks, of
a variety of charges
in the phone-hacking
scandal that rocked
British journalism. Of
the seven defendants
in the case, one was
found guilty.
OPTED OUT
Star NBA player
LeBron James, of
his contract with the
Miami Heat. James
will become a free
agent on July 1. The
Knicks Carmelo
Anthony made a
similar decision earlier
in the week.
DENOUNCED
Members of Calabrias
mob, the Ndrangheta,
by Pope Francis, who
referred to them as
excommunicated
during a Mass in
the southern Italian
region.
SENTENCED
Three al-Jazeera
journalistsPeter
Greste, Mohamed
Fahmy and Baher
Mohamedfor seven
to 10 years in an
Egyptian prison on
charges related to
assisting the Muslim
Brotherhood.
OUSTED
American Apparel
founder and chief
executive Dov
Charney, who was
removed from his
job by the clothing
companys board.
Charney said he will
contest the decision.
APPROVED
The performing of
same-sex weddings
by Presbyterian
pastors in states
that allow it, after a
vote by the General
Assembly of the
denomination.
Boat hulls
Lightness plus
strength makes
Kevlar a
desirable
material for
canoes and
yachts.
Tennis rackets
Kevlar strings
dont get
stretched out
easily, and
rackets made
with Kevlar dont
often break.
Body armor
Since 1987,
more than 3,000
people have
joined the ofcial
Survivors Club
for people saved
by Kevlar.
Cookware
Teon is king of
nonstick pans,
but Kevlar, which
does well in high
heat, shows up
in oven mitts
and pan linings.
Wind turbines
Lightweight
blades are more
efcient, letting
the maximum
amount of
energy be
captured.
A CRASH COURSE IN KEVLAR
Gofn, right,
with Carole
King, circa
1959
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election results always have
business impacts. But rarely are they
as stark as the drop in Boeing stock
that followed the defeat of Republi-
can House majority leader Eric Can-
tor in the Virginia primary on June 10. Cantor, an
ally of Big Business in Congress, was defeated by
David Brat, an economics professor who has been
called the Tea Partys Elizabeth Warren, an outsider
pledging to make capitalism fairer for the little guy.
Hes also a proponent of cutting federal subsidies to
rms like Boeinghence the one-day stock drop
that wiped out its gains for the yearas well as end-
ing special tax credits to billionaires.
What Brats victory really highlights is a quirk
in our politics that is bringing the far right and far
left into a series of unexpected alignments. In ad-
dition to being anti-Establishment, Brats speeches
are often anti-immigration and antiglobalization.
But when it comes to such economic-policy issues
as taxes, free trade and corporate welfare, a lot of
Democrats are, more or less, in agreement with him.
(Brats ofce did not respond to interview requests.)
Brat, along with many members of the Tea Party
and plenty of people on the far left, would like to
see some bankers thrown into jail for their role in
the nancial crisis. These critics argue that corpora-
tions benet unfairly from government subsidies.
(Cantor was a booster of the Export-Import Bank,
which Boeings foreign customers can tap for U.S.
taxpayersubsidized loans.) They believe the rules
of free trade are no longer working when China and
others can out them without consequence. And
theyd like to see a tax code that doesnt explicitly
favor the superrich.
T
o be sure, the philosophical underpinnings
of Brat and Warren are vastly different. Popu-
lists on the left are against measures like
fast-track authority for President Obamawhich
would allow him to bypass Congress when negoti-
ating trade dealson policy grounds. They believe
that such deals in the past sped the offshoring of
Americas industrial base, which ultimately erodes
our economic competitiveness. Some on both sides
of the aisle argue that trade agreements that used
to be about tariffs and quotas increasingly focus on
domestic issues such as taxes, nancial-services reg-
ulation, patents and food- and product-safety rules.
Says Michael Stumo, who runs the Coalition for a
Prosperous America, an advocacy group that rep-
resents agriculture and manufacturing businesses
across the U.S.: Modern trade deals are more about
globalizing domestic policy and offshoring our jobs,
our industries and our governance.
On the right, members of the Tea Party are
skeptical of free-trade deals because they see them
as threats to national sovereignty. As Representa-
tives Michele Bachmann and Walter Jones and a
number of other conservatives in Congress put it
to President Obama in a letter opposing fast track,
For 200 years of our nations history, Congress has
led our nations trade policy, and conservatives
arent interested in giving up that privilege.
These arent extreme positions. A recent Gal-
lup poll found that 38% of Americans see foreign
trade as a threat to the economy. A majority of
Americans also support tax reform, in particular
higher taxes for the wealthy. Part of the momentum
around that issue is, of course, driven by an Ameri-
can economy in which the rich have gotten ever
richer since the nancial crisis while everyone else
has struggled. Thats another topic that the anks
in both parties largely agree onthe people who
caused the pain of the past six years still havent
paid for it. Those guys [meaning nanciers] should
have gone to jail, said Brat in the run-up to the Vir-
ginia primary. Instead of going to jail, they went
into Eric Cantors Rolodex.
W
hat could this unlikely alliance mean
in political terms? Not much in the short
term. In some ways, the coalition of Occupy
Democrats and Tea Party Republicans is a Coalition
of No. Bipartisan opposition has so far stalled fast-
track authority for the Presidents trans-Pacic trade
deal. Coming up with a new trade agenda that could
actually reshape policy is a (slow) work in progress.
Republican Dave Camps tax-reform plan, reecting
popular anger over plutocrats, includes higher rates
for hedge funders and private-equity titans, but it
faces long to impossible odds against Big Business
lobbyists and their lackeys on both sides of the aisle.
Still, the Coalition of No is just getting started. If this
years midterm elections put more Tea Party Repub-
licans in ofce, it could increase the number of leg-
islators, like Brat, who have something in common
with the left: an anticorporate bias. That, in turn,
would make for a very different 2016 presidential
election than anybody currently imagines. n
WHO SAID IT,
LEFTY OR
RIGHT-WINGER?
Coalition of the Unwilling
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Signed a letter to
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appropriate for
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agreements and
must be replaced.
A n s w e r s :
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R e p u b l i c a n D a v i d B r a t
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D e L a u r o a n d 1 5 0
f e l l o w H o u s e
D e m o c r a t s
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COMMENTARY / THE CURIOUS CAPITALIST
22 time July 714, 2014

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The Close Work of Diplomacy
Hillary Clintons Hard Choices is a reminder that
foreign policy wins take time and perseverance
my favorite sentence in hillary
Clintons very diplomatic memoir of
her time as Secretary of State is: So
I sat through hours of presentations
and discussions, asking questions
and raising concerns. The hours of discussions
took place at a U.S.-China Strategic and Economic
Dialogue, a regular summit Clinton has labored
mightily to create between the two most powerful
countries in the world. She has spent dozens of hours
with Chinese State Councilor Dai Bingguo, estab-
lishing a personal relationship because of a funda-
mental belief that regular meetingsarchitecture,
the diplomats call itcan mitigate damage when
crises occur. This is, in fact, her core
diplomatic creed, the predicate for an
orderly, rules-based world. You might
say, Well, that seems obvious. Yes, it is.
But if you want to know what Hillary
Clinton is all about, this is it. Except
when it isnt.
You might also have noticed a cer-
tain tension, and perhaps irony, in the
sentence. It sounds as if she might have
wanted to be doing something else, and
that is true: she was in the midst of a
crisis. Just before the summit meeting,
a blind Chinese dissident named Chen
Guangcheng had evaded house arrest
and phoned the U.S. embassy asking for refuge.
If she granted it, she might blow up the strategic
dialogue. It appeared that I had to decide between
protecting one man, she writes, and protecting
our relationship with China. She decided, crisply,
that the U.S. could not turn away Chen. In the end
it wasnt a close call, she writes. Americas values
are the greatest source of strength and security. So
much for architecture. So much for Clintons inex-
ible image. She can be daring too.
There follows about 20 exciting pagesif youre
into the nitty-gritty of diplomacyof two-track
diplomatic haggling, as Clinton and her aides try
to save the talks and gure out what to do with the
dissident. Chen agrees to a plan to go to law school
in China, then changes his mind. He gives inter-
views to the world media from his hospital bed,
angering the Chinese. But they go forward with the
summit, and Clinton has to decide between nego-
tiating with the dissident and sitting through the
reassuringly boring strategic dialogue. She chooses
the hours of presentations and discussions, leav-
ing the negotiations to her staff, who arrange a
visa for Chen so he can study law in the U.S. The
rules-based relationship with China is reinforced.
Eventually Clintons patience pays dividends: the
Chinese cooperate on issues like the Iran economic
sanctions and North Korea.
S
o there is value, and even some enter-
tainment, in Hard Choices, although youd
never know it from the reception the book
has received. Clinton is partly to blame for that,
as she allowed the memoir to be rolled out as
part of a big presidential guessing game, with an
elaborate embargo scheme that made
it seem as if there were newsy revela-
tions within. There arent. Read as a
presidential manifesto, it is a tease.
Read as a personal memoir, it is a des-
ert. The journalists scouring the book
for gossip found that she digs her n-
gernails into the palms of her hands
to ght off jet lag during diplomatic
meetings, and little else. Hard Choices
has been roundly dismissed as boring.
And yes, there are broad narcoleptic
swatches of wallpaper-writing as every
last country and issueHeres to you,
Northern Ireland! Heres to you, climate
change!are given their thousand-word shout-
outs. The writing, which can be just ne when the
ghostwriters are attempting narrative, lapses all
too often into deadly speechwriterese: Will Afri-
cas future be decided by guns and graft or growth
and good governance? Yikes. Memo to Democratic
ghostwriters: Its time to shed the alliterative Ted
Sorensenian Ask not switchbacks and pass the
torch to a new generationof readership.
But there is a lesson here too. It has to do with
patience and perseverance and the close work of
getting the details right. It is easy to get lost in the
semantics, she writes, but words constitute much
of a diplomats work. And some of the best passages
in Hard Choices concern word wrangling, especially
with the Russians. The work isnt very dramatic or
sexy; it is the governmental equivalent of solving a
crossword puzzle. It is essential to successful state-
craft, howevera point that George W. Bush didnt
seem to understand until his second term in ofce.
Amid the daily concussion of press coverage
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Joe Klein
COMMENTARY / IN THE ARENA
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during crises, Clinton battles for the free world,
comma by comma. At times, as in the negotia-
tions over whether to use military force in Libya,
she loses perspective. She begins highly skeptical
about the efcacy of a strike against the Gadda re-
gime, which is threatening to massacre civilians in
Benghazi. She asks the right questions: Who were
these rebels we were aiding and were they prepared
to lead Libya if Gadda fell? She sides with Defense
Secretary Robert Gatesalways a safe betagainst
the White House aides who favor intervention.
Then she changes her mind, lured by the siren song
of multilateralism. The Arab League wants U.S.
military action in Libyathats a breakthrough!
The Europeans, especially the French, are ready to
roll. She never says explicitly that she changes her
mindGates says she does in his memoirbut
it seems that Clinton has fallen for the promise of
closer cooperation with the normally intransigent
Arabs and the unusual willingness of the Europe-
ans to take up arms. Of course, within days, the
Arab League criticizes the U.S.-organized bombing
campaign, and the Europeans dont have the mili-
tary wherewithal for a sustained ght. She also ne-
glects discussing the consequences of her decision:
the anarchy that is now Libya, the rule by militias
that eventually results in the murder of U.S. Ambas-
sador Chris Stevens and three others in Benghazi.
(Her chapter on Benghazi is comprehensive and
logical, though few of the Fox hounds who see the
issue as a matter of theology, not facts, will buy it.)
Clinton can be selectively disingenuous. Her
chapter on Middle East negotiations dwells on the
overreaction in the region and in the press when
on Halloween night in 2009 in Jerusalem, she calls
unprecedented Israels offer of a 10-month freeze
on West Bank settlement except for Jerusalem.
And yes, it may well have been unprecedented in
technical terms, but other words more accurately
describe the Israeli move: partial, grudging, unac-
ceptable. The rest of the world considers Israels
settlement building in contested areas an illegal
provocation. But there is a more troubling, and per-
sonal, subtext here. Clinton doesnt mention it, but
she had establishedand perhaps overstatedthe
Obama Administrations hard line against the ille-
gal settlements ve months earlier, when shed said,
[The President] wants to see a stop to settlements
not some settlements, not outposts, not natural
growth exceptions . . . That is our position. Her ac-
ceptance of Israels partial freeze was a retreat from
that hard line, a public retreat that dismayed the
White House. Why does she do that? a senior Ad-
ministration ofcial asked me at the time, referring
to her initial harder-than-necessary position and
later unprecedented retreat.
Because she is human. She does not always come
equipped with a natural politicians body armor or
habitual ight to the anodyne. She has an advocates
fervorespecially when it involves women and
children. Shes got a temper. She displays it in Africa
when asked about her husbands position on a com-
plicated World Bank issue, a question that seems to
denigrate her importance. Wait, you want me to
tell you what my husband thinks? . . . My husband is
not Secretary of State. She knows this is wrong and
apologizes quickly to the young man who asked the
question. But I would guess that one of the reasons
Clinton seems so buttoned-up in public is a fear that
shell unleash an arrant display of imperfection. Un-
fortunately, this deprives the public of her wicked
sense of humor and commonsense candorwhich
is on occasional display, but on a very short leash,
in Hard Choices. She is happy to admit her glaring,
well-known mistakes, like her support for the war
in Iraq. But she is wary of copping to lesser, if more
telling, diplomatic misjudgmentson Libya or her
support for the second Afghanistan surge. Again,
Gates book is more candid: Clinton supported an
even larger number of surge troops than he did. She
does not mention that in Hard Choices.
She admits to disagreements with President
Obamaon whether to arm the Syrian rebels, for
examplebut the disagreements are ridiculously
civil and vague, especially when compared with the
blue rages that Gates describes himself throwing in
his memoir. The only memorable verbal scufes she
describes are with foreigners. And these are either
resolved over time or not, equably.
T
hat the hard choices book-tour extrava-
ganza has been a bit of a bomb has more to
do with the public atmosphere than it does
with the book, which is a cut above the sort of thing
youd expect from a Secretary of Statealthough
several cuts below Gates riveting candor. Its most
important lessonsabout patience, management,
the importance of details, the slow building of per-
sonal relationshipsare precisely the skills that
we seem to ignore in the public arena these days.
We are impatient with anything beyond simple
declarative sentences, the more hortatory the bet-
ter: Assad must go. But diplomacy and good gov-
ernment exist in a mind-numbing haze of clauses
and nuance. Clinton makes the case that she has
mastered the placement of commas and that she
has the patience to negotiate with opponents, for-
eign and domestic. That is the purpose of the book:
to demonstrate that she would bring these quiet
attributes to the presidency. In this moment of
blare and paralysis, it is a subtly clever argument
to make. Too subtle, perhaps. n
SHE
DEPRIVES THE
PUBLIC OF
HER WICKED
SENSE OF
HUMOR AND
&20021
SENSE
&$1'25
WHICH IS ON
OCCASIONAL
DISPLAY, BUT
ON A VERY
SHORT LEASH,
IN HARD
CHOICES
26 time July 714, 2014

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NATION
The
Contraception
Showdown
Obama Administration. They had been
invited by the Becket Fund for Religious
Liberty, a conservative religious-freedom
law rm, to challenge the Affordable Care
Act (ACA) on the grounds that it infringed
on their Christian beliefs by requiring em-
ployers to cover contraceptive methods
that the family regards as forms of early
abortion. The case hadand hashuge
ramifications. But participation would
also be a huge departure for the low-key
Green clan, which had nally grown too
big to avoid public conict between its
deeply conservative faith and a govern-
ment whose actions it found increasingly
unbiblical.
N
ormally, when three
generations of the
Green family meet, it
is for one of two joy-
ful purposes: an Okla-
homa City Thunder
game (a luxury suite
is one of the few perks
the billionaire family allows itself) or a
monthly gathering to decide how to do-
nate the tens of millions of dollars it gives
away annually. Two years ago, though, the
mood was somber. The topic was whether
the Greensthe only shareholders in the
$3 billion, 626-store Hobby Lobby arts-
and-crafts empireshould take on the
Inside one Oklahoma familys
campaign to make America a more
biblical place By David Van Biema
Photograph by Jamie Lipke
The patriarch
Hobby Lobby CEO
David Green,
who founded the
company in 1970,
in its warehouse in
Oklahoma City


30
NATION | FAITH
family with a choice of complying with
the birth control provisions in the Afford-
able Care Act or paying heavy fees.
However, even if the court rejects their
case, the Greensand especially Steve,
50, who is square-jawed and slightly jug-
eared, with an even temper and a heart-
land twangwill not disappear from
the national scene. The lawsuit is the
rst of three family projects that could
propel a little-known clan of Christian
philanthropic superpatrons into the
limelight as evangelical leaders posi-
tioned to expand the place of religion in
American life.
In addition to Sebelius v. Hobby Lobby,
the Greens are beta testing a high-tech
Bible-study curriculum for public schools
this September in an Oklahoma district.
They hope to see it adopted in thousands
more districts within three years. A draft
copy suggests it will be a wonderland of
technological pedagogy but will raise
church-state issues that could also end up
before the high court.
And then there is the as-yet-unnamed
museum of the Bible in a 440,000-sq.-ft.
building two blocks from the National
Mall, which was bought to house the
best of the Greens 45,000-piece collection
of biblical artifacts. The museum will
function as both a magnet and a marker
for evangelical Christians on the coun-
trys most symbolically loaded swath of
real estate.
Such efforts may seem low-key com-
pared with the court case, but John Green
(no relation), a keen observer of evangeli-
cals at the University of Akrons Bliss In-
stitute of Applied Politics, notes that the
head-on approach hasnt served the reli-
gious right that well lately: Their party
is out of power, and in any case it has been
more interested in economics than the val-
ues focus, which worked very poorly for
all the effort and money that went into it.
Evangelical leaders have debated taking a
softer approach to addressing what many
see as a post-Christian nation. And while
the lawsuit is certainly a straightforward
power move, all three Green gambits neat-
ly sidestep the voting booth. John Green
thinks they may position the family as a
new kind of evangelical presence . . . They
could ll the vacuum.
Megapastor Rick Warren, with whom
the family has numerous connections,
some nancial, agrees that the Greens
could be a new voice . . . I think the
religious-liberty issue will be the civil
rights issue of the next decade, and they
are its poster people.
The Business Is the Mission
david green grew up in a deeply con-
servative religious environment. His
father was a pastor with the Pentecostal
Church of God of Prophecy, a denomina-
tion thatbeyond believing the Bible to
be absolutely true and reliableadvised
against the wearing of jewelry by women
and amusements in bowling alleys or
cinemas. (Mart Green had never been in
a movie theater until he produced a movie
as an adult.) Davids ve siblings would
each become a pastor, an evangelist or
a pastors wife. Yet his own prodigious
gift lay in retail. Starting with a kitchen-
table business making tiny frames for
David Green, 72, the companys found-
er and CEO, called a meeting in the living
room of Hobby Lobbys board chairman,
his older son Mart. According to a friend,
Steve GreenDavids younger son and
the company presidentspoke last, us-
ing the Bibles Book of Daniel to review
the possible repercussions of litigation.
Like the Greens, Daniel was a privileged
participant in a culture indifferent to
his faith. In one instance, he requested
a religious exemption from eating King
Nebuchadnezzars meat, and it was grant-
ed. In another, he was thrown into a lions
den for praying, but God delivered him,
closing the lions mouths. Steve remind-
ed his family that there was a third pos-
sibility, untreated in Daniel: sometimes
God allows those who champion his law
over mans law to suffer. Steve said that
he didnt know which fate awaited them
if they joined the suit but that he rested
in his belief that they were in the Lords
hands. He called the family to a vote.
Unanimously, about 19 Greens opted
to sue. David subsequently announced,
Our family is now being forced to choose
between following the laws of the land
that we love or maintaining the religious
beliefs that have made our business suc-
cessful and have supported our fam-
ily and thousands of our employees and
their families. We simply cannot aban-
don our religious beliefs to comply with
this mandate.
Before its current term ends June 30,
the Supreme Court will decide whether
Hobby Lobby and a smaller co-plaintiff
have standing to apply for First Amend-
ment religious protection under a 1993
law called the Religious Freedom Resto-
ration Act (RFRA), and if so, whether the
act should be interpreted to award them
an exemption from Obamacares birth
control parameters. If the court rules
broadly in the Greens favor, it would in ef-
fect grant for-prot corporations the same
sweeping religious freedoms enjoyed by
individuals. That would immediately give
the nation a more faith-based cast and in-
vite a wave of corporate piety by Ameri-
can businesses interested in regulatory
exemption. A narrower ruling in Hobby
Lobbys favor could carve for religiously
focused companies a notable new ex-
emption from certain federal laws. And,
of course, a ruling against Hobby Lobby
would buoy Obamacare and leave the

Full-court press The Greens case
could signicantly broaden the
denition of religious freedom
time July 714, 2014 31
told a Christian website, the High Calling,
Weve had a couple of [resignations]. At
this point no one has given us any legal
issues. We would ght it.
The ip side is that a job at the Lobby
can be good and steady work. In 2009 the
Greens began raising their starting wage
a dollar a year: at $15, its now double Okla-
homas legal minimum. In 2000 they start-
ed shutting down all stores on Sundaysa
move that meant a $100 million-a-year hit
on the bottom lineto allow employees
family and church time. Yet by 2012 the
chains revenue had climbed stratospheri-
cally. In that year, Forbes reported that the
company had $3 billion in annual sales
and that David, worth $4.5 billion, was
Americas 79th richest person. The moral,
to him, is obvious. Says William Wilson,
a Green friend and the president of Oral
Roberts University: Its a little hard to con-
vince people not to make a decision based
on biblical values when every decision
they have made based on biblical values
causes them to prosper.
The Greens share that prosperity like
people who truly believe that the money
is Gods, not theirs. The familys rst pas-
sion is Bible dissemination and education.
They nance huge tract agencies as well as
a campaign to translate and digitize Scrip-
ture in every language and champion
YouVersion, the worlds most downloaded
Bible app. The familys single most heroic
charitable act was the 2007 $70 million
bailout and cleanup of Oklahomas debt-
and scandal-ridden Oral Roberts Universi-
ty, to which they had no prior connection.
Notes D. Michael Lindsay, author of Faith in
the Halls of Power: How Evangelicals Joined the
American Elite: Thats radical generosity.
David and Steve have both said the compa-
ny gives away half its earnings, and in 2012
David told the High Calling that he and
his children have legally signed away any
money from future stock sales, seemingly
to avoid the temptation of an eventual
cash-out. If so, Hobby Lobby seems nearly
as much a steroidal evangelical charity as
a conventional business.
None of this was lost on the Becket
Fund for Religious Liberty, based in
Washington. When Obamacare went
into effect last year, the Administration
exempted religious bodies from obligatory
contraception coverage and made lesser ac-
commodations to faith-based nonprots.
Becket apparently saw an opportunity to
do-it-yourself paintings in 1970, he had
founded more than a dozen Hobby Lobby
stores by the mid-1980s and hit triple digits
by 1991. But for years, he once wrote, I felt
I was the black sheep of the family.
The solution was, in evangelical par-
lance, to make the business the mission.
Hobby Lobby became very Christian. It
wasnt just the CEOs custom of crawl-
ing under his desk to pray. In 1997 the
Greens began to buy newspaper ads at
Christmas, Easter and the Fourth of July
about the religious basis of those holi-
days. The stores salt their Muzak liber-
ally with hymns. There are chaplains on
staff, and corporate-level meetings can
start with prayer. Many customers love
the ambienceHobby Lobby is big with
homeschoolersbut non-Christian em-
ployees are evangelized along with every-
one else. Asked if problems result, David
The religious-
liberty issue will
be the civil rights
issue of the next
decade, and [the
Greens] are its
poster people.
rick warren, megapastor P
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32
NATION | FAITH
Two hurdles confront anyone teaching
the Bible in public schools. One is consti-
tutional: the Supreme Court banned re-
ligious courses on campus during school
hours in 1948. A nonbinding side note
to its 1963 school-prayer decision stated
that Bible courses were acceptable when
presented objectively as part of a secular
program of education. Case law so far sug-
gests that judges read objectively and secular
with some lenience. But equally daunting
is the issue of money: schools are strapped,
and electives requiring a textbook can be
prohibitively expensive.
Especially a book like The Book. As its
full title suggests, its three themes are the
Bibles narratives, a history of its compo-
sition and transmission, and its impact.
It will convey these not only through a
deftly interwoven text but also via links
to 550 digital resources. They include il-
lustrations that come alive as video when
you run your smartphone over them,
original footage shot all over the world for
the project, clips from the TV miniseries
The Bible and lectures by members of the
GSI who are afliated with Oxford Univer-
sity and the Vatican. And the text will be
affordable, says Pattengale: although the
R&D costs have already reached millions,
they will be absorbed by the GSI. Pixel for
pixel, it will probably be the best deal on a
textbook ever.
However, the draft text, soon to be
supplemented by books for all four high
school years, pushes the constitutional
envelope hard. Describing the project
in a 2013 speech, Steve said its goal was
to reintroduce the Bible, which he
called historically true and good, to
a nation in danger because of its igno-
rance of what God has taught. (He also
said he thought Bible courses should be
required.) The Book reects those goals.
Although not openly evangelistic, it con-
tains a section titled How Do We Know
That the Bibles Historical Narratives
Are Reliable? and head-scratchers like
Was Moses mentally unstable? No. His
titanic swings of emotion and behavior
sprang from his special call to stand in
the gap between God and the people. It
describes the Hebrew Bible and the New
Testament as one grand storya basic
tenet of Christianity but an offensive no-
tion to most Jews. Says Mark Chancey, a
professor of religion at Southern Method-
ist University: The [conservative Prot-
estant] views in the draft arent shared
elsewhere across the religious spectrum
or in the broad academic community.
When the draft presents them as fact,
its promoting a particular religious
viewpoint.
The Museum
but what creates a problem in a pub-
lic school is not necessarily an issue in a
museum off the National Mall. The Greens
bought their rst trophy-quality Bibles in
2009 for friends planning a Scripture mu-
seum in Dallas. That project foundered,
says Steves friend Brian Banks, but the
collection just began exponentially grow-
ing and taking on a life of its own. Since
then the Green family has amassed 45,000
Bibles and artifacts, including (according
to the familys own experts and some in-
dependent scholars) cuneiform tablets dat-
ing to the time of Abraham, the worlds
second largest private collection from the
Dead Sea Scrolls, the oldest complete edi-
tion of the Gospel of John, the oldest Jewish
prayer book and a despairing note written
by Martin Luther. Ive been in their vault,
says Rick Warren. Im something of a col-
lector myself. (He has a 35,000-book li-
brary.) This was stunning. The collection
has been appraisedconservativelyat
$23 million.
Parts are already well traveled: some in
a show called Passages that involves 40
tractor-trailers, others with a group called
sue for conscientious-objector status on
behalf of the for-prot sectorarguing,
in effect, that corporations have religious
rights. For a plaintiff, the groups backers
courted the closest imaginable facsimile
of a religious corporation: Hobby Lobby.
The Greens are not natural agitators
or political players. Steve gives hardly
any money to candidates. Yet he seems to
have been preparing for this kind of con-
frontation. While acknowledging in his
2011 book Faith in America that part of the
freedom our country allows is for people
to make their own choices and to live in
different ways, he also wrote, If someone
takes seriously the whole idea of world-
views they will see it isnt really possible
just to coexist and get along. The family
spent months, as Steve has said, analyzing
the ACA. Yet the clan remained reluctant to
litigate. Says Marts friend Bobby Gruene-
wald: They were praying that there was
some kind of reprieve, perhaps the laws
abrogation by the Supreme Court.
But when the court upheld the laws
crucial personal mandate in 2012, says an-
other family friend, Becket reminded the
family that the ACA would require cover-
age of two birth control methods that they
regarded as forms of early abortion: the
IUD and the morning-after pill. That led to
the meeting at Marts house. The Greens
hate controversy, says Marts friend Rob
Hoskins, but when theyve done the re-
search and interpreted the Bible and be-
lieve theyve reached a righteous decision,
theres not much room for gray. Its Were
not going to bend our knee. (The family
declined to be interviewed for this story,
they said, for fear of seeming to want to
inuence the case but allowed friends to
talk to Time.)
The Curriculum
in april the school board in mustang,
Okla., near the Hobby Lobby corporate
headquarters, posted the rst 200 draft
pages of The Book: The Bibles History, Nar-
rative and Impact, which Mustang schools
will start teaching as a high school elec-
tive in September. It is the rst volume in
a wildly ambitious four-year public-school
curriculum created by the Green Scholars
Initiative (GSI), based in Texas and North
Carolina. Mustang is a trial run, and GSI
executive director Jerry Pattengale hopes
to place the curriculum in thousands of
schools by 2016.
Core curriculum A textbook for
a new high school elective course
starting in fall 2014

time July 714, 2014 33
much money to the fund last year as they
appeared to in 2009, it would have neatly
covered the price of the land.
The Journey
in fact, many wealthy evangelicals
to whose causes the Greens have given
in the past would be happy to return the
favor, especially to place a Christian chit
on the great multicultural scorecard of the
Mall and its environs. Steve has declared
that the museum, like the curriculum,
will be nonsectarian, which, if true,
would make it an extraordinary resource
for people of every creed. There may be
reason to doubt him. The stated mission
on an early tax form, which now says the
museum exists to invite people to engage
with the Bible, originally declared that
its purpose was to bring to life the living
word of God, to tell its compelling story
of preservation, and to inspire condence
in the absolute authority and reliability
of the Bible. But unlike Supreme Court
cases and school curriculums, a privately
funded museum lacks any element of gov-
ernment compulsion: if you dont like it,
you just steer clear . . .
And step out of the way of the tens
of thousands of empowered evangelical
tourists. If Hobby Lobby prevails in court,
the Greens will be conservative-Christian
heroes. If it loses, they will attain a kind
of martyr status but without being van-
quished. As the Bliss Institutes John Green
puts it, win, lose or draw, their other proj-
ects will bring the case back to mind,
helping keep the religious-liberty argu-
ment alive. Meanwhile, the authority of
the Bible is a central issue to evangelical
identity and one that both the curriculum
and the museum cast in positive rather
than negative terms. For a community on
the defensive, it could be a fresh and suc-
cessful rallying point. Adds Rick Warren:
These guys have great staying power.
James Davison Hunter, an influen-
tial Christian theorist at the University
of Virginia, has identied three distinct
streams in the long history of American
evangelicals: purity from the majority
culture, defensive against it and rel-
evance to it. He proposes a fourth: faith-
ful presence within.
It can be a little hard to figure out
which stream the Greens, with their vast
resources and potential, are swimming
in. Many large and successful religious
families move with, and adapt to, a culture
they long to change. In 2011 David, who
grew up in a purity from culture, whole-
heartedly endorsed what might be called
an aggressive defensive against book
by Os Hillman, a pamphleteer of rheto-
ric about Christians need to retake the
seven mountains of inuence, including
business, education and government. The
court case is defensive against. Mean-
while, GSI executive director Pattengale,
seemingly intent on relevance to, reels
off curriculum changes, some major, to
correct for what he calls overreaching.
Summers, the museum director, asks for-
bearance regarding the museums old mis-
sion statement: When youre a one-man
show, you have a tendency to put down
some of your personal desires, he says.
But thats not necessarily what carries
forward into the product.
I think the whole family has been on
a journey, says Rob Hoskins. Its not like
they had this 20-year plan to build this
big business and affect the culture. When
youve started out as a family as Oklahoma
Pentecostals, who were pretty nonconfor-
mative with the broader culture, you have
to grapple with it, and the whole family
has been developing.
Its just that from now on, the Greens
will be doing their developing in public. n
Verbum Domini that has twice shown
at the Vatican, where Steves party of 18
received a 30-minute audience with Pope
Francis on March 31. (They talked about
religious freedom.)
But its ultimate showcase will be the
treasure house ve blocks from the Capi-
tol, which is set to open in 2017.
The Museum of the Bible (its working
nameit doesnt have a formal one yet)
will be the brick-and-mortar version of the
Green curriculum. The Good Books sto-
ries, history and impact will occupy a oor
apiece, each crafted by a different A-list de-
signer. Museum COO Cary Summers says
46 staffers and more than 200 consultants
are working on various aspects of the mu-
seum. Technical magicians will provide
features gauged to every taste, from Holy
Land Experience (yes, the Red Sea will part
for you) to the interactive divine (press two
buttons, says Summers, and your phone
will ll up with advanced data on an an-
cient prayer book).
The museum will cost $270 million to
$440 million. (The lower estimate is the
Greens gure for expenses before the in-
stallation of exhibits; the higher estimate
is the industry rumor on its nal cost.)
The Greens nonprot arm will foot the
bill. But the nances can be a bit circular.
The $50 million payment on the prop-
erty came as a grant from the National
Christian Foundation, a fund to which
Hobby Lobbyconnected parties donat-
ed $65 million in 2009 alone, according
to Salon.com. But if the Greens gave as
The plaintiffs David and Barbara
Green, center, with their family, the
Hobby Lobby shareholders
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WORLD

WITH THOUSANDS OF WESTERNERS FIGHTING FOR ISLAMIST
GROUPS IN SYRIA AND IRAQ, A FOREIGN JIHAD NO LONGER
SEEMS SO DISTANT, AND OFFICIALS FEAR THAT SOME OF THESE
FIGHTERS MAY EVENTUALLY RETURN RADICALIZED BY THEIR
EXPERIENCEAND READY TO BRING THEIR WAR HOME
Deadly weapon
U.S. ofcials say that
Florida-born Moner
Mohammad Abusalha
became a suicide
bomber for an Islamist
group in Syria
when air canada flight 8112 to toron-
to took off from George Bush Intercon-
tinental Airport in Houston on June 17,
it was missing four passengers who had
been scheduled to y that afternoon. For
several months a pair of undercover law-
enforcement ofcials working for the FBI
had been spending time with two of the in-
tended passengers: a young Muslim convert
named Michael Todd Wolfe and his wife
Jordan Nicole Furr, according to an afdavit
led June 18 by an FBI agent. During that
time, the afdavit says, Wolfe had discussed
with the two undercover employees the pos-
sibility of joining an extremist Islamic group
that the agent believed to be the Islamic State
of Iraq and Greater Syria (ISIS), which is run
by the Iraqi terrorist Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi,
for whose capture the U.S. State Department
is offering a $10million reward.
ISIS has long been ghting a war in Syr-
ia against the regime of President Bashar
Assad, but over recent weeks the group
has seized control of much of northern
and western Iraq. Many terrorism experts
and government ofcials now consider
ISISan offshoot of al-Qaeda that broke
with its parent organization over strategic
differencesto be the worlds most dan-
gerous terrorist organization.
Wolfe, who is 23 and lives in Austin,
had allegedly spent months getting ready
for the journey. Among other preparations,
he bought a pair of sturdy hiking shoes and
started martial-arts and CrossFit training,
according to the FBI. He advised one of the
undercover employees, who he allegedly
believed would also be traveling to Syria,
to exchange his glasses for a durable, thick
pair that fastened with a head strap, fret-
ting that regular eyewear wouldnt hold
up on the battleeld, potentially causing
him to inadvertently shoot a brother over
there, the affidavit says. At one point
Wolfe told an undercover operative that
he had learned that al-Qaeda in Syria was
training brothers from other countries and
then sending those ghters back from Syr-
ia to their home countries to conduct terror
attacks. There is no indication in the af-
davit of how Wolfe viewed such reports.
Law-enforcement ofcials watched as
BY ARYN BAKER/BEIRUT

36
WORLD | MIDDLE EAST
however, how many have joined ISIS or
are ghting in Iraq. According to Laith
Alkhouri, a senior analyst at Flashpoint
Global Partners, a security rm based in
New York City that tracks Western jihadis
through their social-media accounts and
online presence, most Americans join ISIS,
which has made a point of accommodat-
ing foreigners. At least one, Eric Harroun,
came back to the U.S. Upon his return, in
March 2013, he was arrested on charges of
using a weapon of mass destruction out-
side the U.S. He was released on a plea deal
but died a few months later of an apparent
overdose. American intelligence ofcials
are concerned that more will eventually
returnbattle-hardened and radicalized
by master terroristsready to engage in
attacks on home soil.
The Returned
for the moment, isisalso known as
the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, or
ISILis primarily focused on taking con-
trol of more Iraqi and Syrian land, ghting
off rivals and resurrecting an Islamic cali-
phate modeled on the 7th century empire
established by the Prophet Muhammads
successors. But ISISs offensive in Iraq has
it potentially facing off against the West for
the rst time. On June 23, Secretary of State
John Kerry, visiting Baghdad, said Ameri-
Wolfe, Furr and their two children en-
tered the airport, according to the afda-
vit. The Toronto ight was, the FBI alleges,
the rst leg of Wolfes intended journey
to Syria. As he tried to board the ight, he
was arrested. He has been charged with
attempting to provide material support
and resources to terrorists.
Wolfe has waived his right to a formal
arraignment and has submitted a plea of
not guilty. He also waived a detention hear-
ing on June 20 and remains in custody. His
court-appointed lawyer did not respond to
requests for comment. His wife reportedly
told friends that the charges were false, but
she has refused to speak to reporters. An
imam at an Austin mosque told Time that
he had met Wolfe only once, when Wolfe
was seeking help in nding a job. In the
afdavit, Wolfe sometimes comes across as
a less than committed jihadi, at one point
allegedly telling one of the undercover em-
ployees, Its not that I dont want to go. I
just need to gure out the best situation.
Nonetheless, Wolfe faces up to 15 years in
prison if convicted.
Wolfe did not make it to Syria, but the
U.S. has concluded that as many as dozens
of other American citizens have attempt-
ed to join or have traveled to Syria to join
the conict, according to a senior intel-
ligence ofcial. Washington doesnt know,
can support of Iraq will be intense and
sustained. The U.S. has decided to send
in up to 300 military advisers, but there
are no plans for those troops to engage in
battle. The U.S. has also considered targeted
air strikes on ISIS positions, but on June 24
Kerry ruled out such escalation until Iraqs
leaders can form a more inclusive and effec-
tive government. Should the U.S. target ISIS
in Iraq, those Western recruits may turn on
their home countries, says Thomas Hegg-
hammer, director of terrorism research at
the Norwegian Defense Research Estab-
lishment, an advisory body to Norways
Ministry of Defense. What worries me is
the prospect of U.S. military intervention,
or even just drone strikes. Now that might
lead some ISIS ghters to launch attacks in
the West as a form of revenge.
Syria-inspired attacks in the West may
already be happening. A French citizen
named Mehdi Nemmouche is accused of
having shot dead four people in an assault
on Brussels Jewish Museum on May 25.
French prosecutors said Nemmouche had
spent more than a year in Syria and had
links to ISIS. In March, Frances counter-
terrorism unit said it had discovered 2.2 lb.
(just over 1 kg) of explosives in the apart-
ment of a recently returned jihadist from
Syria, and British authorities arrested a
21-year-old man at Gatwick Airport on
Aftermath An image from an Islamist
propaganda video, above, allegedly shows
smoke rising after Abusalha carried out a
suicide attack against the Syrian military;
at right, what is believed to be his Florida
birth-registration card
WATCH LIST:
GROWING
NUMBERS OF
WESTERNERS
ARE JOINING
EXTREMIST
GROUPS IN THE
MIDDLE EAST
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time July 714, 2014 37
most of the foreign ghters in Afghanistan
came from Muslim-majority countries
with passports that grant them easy access
to targets back home for attacks.
Geography and ease of travel make Syr-
ia comparatively simple for Western vol-
unteers to reachespecially from Europe.
It takes less than four hours to y from
London to Istanbul, and British citizens
can get a visa on arrival in Turkey, as can
Americans. Would-be jihadists then travel
east and cross into Syria. An estimated 500
Britons have left to ght in Syria, according
to British security ofcials; police arrested
40 people on Syria-related offenses in the
rst three months of 2014, nearly double
the number for all of last year. France es-
timates that 700 of its citizens have gone
to Syria, and Germany believes there are
roughly 320 German citizens fighting
alongside Islamist rebels there.
ISISs success in establishing what it por-
trays as a pure Islamic state in parts of Syria
and Iraq has proved attractive to some Mus-
lims who may have become disenchanted
with life in the secular West. In January,
an ISIS statement declared the Syrian city
of Raqqa the nucleus of the groups ca-
liphate. Its territory has since expanded to
include Iraqs second largest city, Mosul. By
late June, ISIS ghters were an hours drive
north of the Iraqi capital, Baghdad, where
suspicion of training for terrorism in Syria,
according to a statement from the Metropol-
itan Police. Two other men returning from
Syria were arrested at Heathrow in January
and were charged with engaging in conduct
in preparation of terrorist acts.
German authorities, presenting their
domestic intelligence services annual re-
port in June, noted that the security services
had averted a major terrorist attack in Bonn
before Christmas. It is not clear that the plot
was related to Syria, but German Interior
Minister Thomas de Maizire said Germa-
ny remained a target. We had feared that
those returning from the Syrian conict
might plan attacks here, he said recently
in regard to the aborted attack. An abstract
danger . . . has turned into a concrete, deadly
danger in Europe.
With some 3,000 Europeans, North
Americans and Australians fighting in
Syria and Iraq, according to security ana-
lysts, a once distant war in which the West
had no immediate involvement could be
coming much closer. The U.S. has an in-
terest in making sure that we dont have a
safe haven that continues to grow for ISIL
and other extremist jihadist groups who
could use that as a base of operations for
planning and targeting ourselves, our per-
sonnel overseas and eventually the home-
land, President Obama said on June 19.
The conict in Syria, he said, has attracted
more and more jihadists or would-be jihad-
ists, some of them from Europe. They then
start traveling back to Europe, and that,
over time, can create a cadre of terrorists
that could harm us.
Volunteer Force
at this point, isis is more terrorist
army than terrorist group. A U.S. intel-
ligence ofcial says ISIS has about 7,000
fighters in Syria and 3,000 in Iraq. Of
those, the ofcial says, an estimated 3,000
to 5,000 are from outside those two coun-
tries. Overall, experts believe 12,000 for-
eign ghters have ooded into Syria over
the past three years, with volunteers com-
ing from at least 81 nations and joining an
assortment of rebel groups.
Western security ofcials have seen this
movie before. Afghanistans decadelong
battle with the Soviet Union in the 1980s
attracted anywhere from 10,000 to 20,000
foreign ghters, some of whom went on
to form al-Qaedaincluding Osama bin
Laden. All of us with a memory of the 80s
and 90s saw the line drawn from Afghani-
stan to Sept. 11, FBI Director James Comey
told journalists on May 2. We see Syria as
that, but an order of magnitude worse. The
Syrian conict, security analysts say, has
attracted signicantly more Westerners
Homecoming
Prosecutors say
French citizen Mehdi
Nemmouche killed four
people at the Jewish
Museum in Brussels
and may have fought in
Syria for ISIS
Father figure Abdul Waheed Majeed,
a British citizen who became a suicide
bomber, at a refugee camp near Syria
Convert The FBI
says Michael Todd
Wolfe of Austin
was on his way to
ght in Syria when
agents arrested
him at an airport on
June 17
Hatred Police believe
this image from a
security camera shows
Nemmouche at the
Jewish Museum
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38
WORLD | MIDDLE EAST
were suffering the effects of a brutal war
now well into its fourth year, according
to his brother Hafeez Majeed. Six months
later, Majeed blew himself up along with
a truckload of explosives at the gates of a
government prison in the northern Syr-
ian city of Aleppo. Majeed, a 41-year-old fa-
ther of three who had been employed as a
highway-maintenance worker back home,
was, according to his brother, a good fam-
ily man known in the neighborhood for
his extensive charity work. He is believed
to be the rst British suicide bomber to per-
ish on the Syrian battlefront.
Majeed wasnt alone. In late May,
22-year-old Florida native Moner Moham-
mad Abusalha blew himself up in a truck-
bomb attack on a Syrian government
target in Idlib province, according to the
U.S. State Department. Both Abusalha and
Majeed were part of the al-Qaeda-afliated
Nusra Front.
Threat Level Rising
the news of american and british
citizens blowing themselves up in a dis-
tant war has yet to generate the primal
fear in the West that followed the Sept. 11
attacks. ISISs chief concerns appear to
be localbattling Assad in Syria and the
Shiite-dominated Iraqi government in an
increasingly sectarian regional war. But
that could change. A senior U.S. intelli-
gence ofcial tells Time that as a former
al-Qaeda afliate, ISIS absolutely has in-
tentions to target U.S. interests . . . We be-
lieve that while their focus appears to be
on their operations in Iraq and Syria, that
they do have at least some aspiration or
intent to threaten U.S. interests.
The attack in Brussels has raised the
prospect that terrorist masterminds in
Syria may have started to take advan-
tage of the human trafc that ows from
the West to Syria and back. It would be
naive to think that there will never be
an organization that is tempted to use
Syria as a safe haven for planning attacks
against the West, says the defense analyst
Hegghammer.
Richard Barrett, vice president of Sou-
fan Group, a security-analysis rm, and
formerly of MI6, Britains foreign intelli-
gence service, estimates that 300 Britons
have already returned home from Syria.
But it is not, after all, a crime in any coun-
try to travel to Syria. And it is extremely
hard for spy agencies to gather intelligence
in such a war-torn region. When foreign
ghters return home, Western govern-
ments have to strike a balance between
preventing attacks and further alienating
people who may pose no threat to their
home countries. Last year, in a practice
that has human-rights organizations up
in arms, the British government stripped
20 dual nationals of their British citizen-
ship, some of them because they were
suspected of having fought with radical
groups in Syria.
The best approach may be to help return-
ing ghters rejoin their communities if they
do not pose a riskwhen it is possible to tell.
You cant stop people from going, and you
cant stop them from coming back, so you
need to help them reintegrate, says Barrett.
If you treat them all as potential terrorists,
they are more likely to become one.
For intelligence ofcials, social-media
sitesthere for all the world to seeare
sometimes the best source of information
about foreign ghters and their intentions.
But the clues to future threats are hard to
discern through online braggadocio. One
frequent tweeter, Abu AK47 al-Britani
(who now tweets as Abu Klashnikov),
claims to be a Briton ghting in Syria. On
June 16, he promised his fellow Britons
beheadings in you [sic] backyard soon.
But many fighters say they have no
intention of returning home. They have
found what they were looking for in al-
Baghdadis Islamic state. Some burn their
passports in a show of allegiance. This idea
of us wanna go back and plot terror attacks
in our home countries, I think its absolute
rubbish, Abu Sumayyah al-Britani, a Brit-
ish ghter in Syria, told the online radio
program The ISIS Show. All of the people
I am speaking to on the ground, they have
no intention of going back at all. We are
having a good life here. But not much
lasts forever in the volatile Middle East,
and ISISs Islamic paradise could collapse
as quickly as it was established. And then
thousands of young ghters may have little
choice but to go home. with reporting
by massimo calabresi /washington,
patrick michels/austin and conal
urquhart/london n
government troops were preparing to de-
fend the city. ISIS appeared to have seized
Iraqs largest oil renery in Baiji, as well
as all the frontier crossings with Syria, ef-
fectively erasing the border between the
two countries. For many Western Mus-
lims, ISIS has attained the ideal: a liberated
city under Sharia rule, says Flashpoints
Alkhouri, referring to Raqqa. It has created
a huge euphoria, and now with such a solid
presence in both Syria and Iraq, ISIS will be
able to bring even more recruits.
When Wolfe and his wife allegedly rst
considered jihad in Syria, the chance of liv-
ing in an ideal Islamic state governed by
the Quran appears to have attracted them,
according to the FBI afdavit. As Wolfe be-
came rm in his decision to go to Syria, he
asked his wife and one of his undercover
condants to watch a pro-ISIS video that
had inspired him, the document says. Es-
chewing the gruesome battle scenes typi-
cal in other videos distributed by ISISs
media afliates, the Light Revelations series
is, in part, a paean to ISISs charitable work
in Syria. Members are depicted praising
God, ministering to the sick and teaching
young children how to pray.
But if some ISIS videos portray the
groups attempts to create the perfect Is-
lamic form of governance, many make it
clear that recruits need to be ready to die
for al-Baghdadis caliphate. On June 19,
ISIS released a slickly produced video fea-
turing three young British men and two
Australians. Sitting cross-legged in a leafy,
sunlit dell, an ISIS ag behind them and
automatic ries piled in front, the men
exhort fellow Muslims in the West to an-
swer the call. What prevents you from
obtaining martyrdom? asks Reyaad
Khan, identied by the nom de guerre
Abu Dujana al-Hindi, speaking English in
a British accent. You are going to die any-
way. Khans mother has since appeared
on British television tearfully begging
her only son to return to their home in
Cardiff, Wales.
Alkhouri says the video featuring Khan
and his comrades is part of ISISs innova-
tive social-media strategy, which combines
appeals on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter
and Ask.fm to attract tech-savvy millen-
nials. This is a classic recruitment video,
speaking to the guys back home in lan-
guage they can understand, he says.
But not all foreigners who end up ght-
ing in Syria travel there with the initial
intent of engaging in battle. When Abdul
Waheed Majeed, a Briton of Pakistani ori-
gin, set out for Syria last August, he had
planned only to help Syrian civilians who
WESTERN JIHADISTS THEN
START TRAVELING BACK
TO EUROPE AND THAT,
OVER TIME, CAN CREATE A
CADRE OF TERRORISTS THAT
COULD HARM US.
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40 Photograph by Ryan Lowry for TIME
The full picture
Matthew Homyk, 14,
was a user of Ask.fm,
a website where
people wrote hateful,
anonymous
comments about him
THE
ANTISOCIAL
NETWORK
INSIDE THE
DANGEROUS
ONLINE
WORLD KIDS
CANT QUIT
BY JACK DICKEY
/
RIGA
SOCIETY
on jan. 10, 2014, 14-year- old matthew homyk, from the cleveland
suburb of Brunswick, Ohio, killed himself. The news came tragically
but only somewhat unexpectedly to Matthews father Ray Homyk. His
son had been medicated and hospitalized for depression intermittently
in the months prior to his death.
While Matthew had never been terribly at easehe cut his arms,
worried about his stutter and, along with his younger sister, struggled
to cope with his parents divorcehe always had a pleasant way about
him. He had a handful of good friends and a girlfriend. He liked la-
crosse. But sometime around October 2013, Ray says, something went
very wrong. Matthew had retreated inward further than ever before,
and he asked his father for help.
Matthew, who had just started ninth grade, had found a problem on-
line. He told his father people were saying terrible things about him and


42
adolescent suicides in the U.S. and Eu-
rope. Internet researchers and mental-
health experts say that no website alone
can drive a healthy adolescent to harm
himself. So what are the effects of anony-
mous, constant social networking, cruel
or otherwise? This is a global experiment
with adolescents as its central subjects.
And the conditions are changing faster
than the experiment can produce mea-
surable results.
A Billion Questions
ask. fm users go to the site to ask
questions (over a billion are posed each
month) and to read the answers that fol-
low them. You can pose a question anony-
mously or under your name. The site is
addictive, because you both wait for the
answers to questions you asked and hope
for someone to ask you one. Normally,
the questions dont concern matters of
great import. And sometimes theyre not
even questions. Ur pic is so pretty!!! Do
you like anyone? Do you want to go out
with me? read the questions on a typical
ninth-graders page. Her responses hard-
ly resolve the not-so-burning mysteries:
Thank youuuuu, Ha! Probably not.
The standard operating procedure is
to ask anonymously and answer person-
ally, an unexpected blend of the Internets
dueling impulses toward openness and
secrecy. The Internets early growth saw
message boards and chat rooms swell
with new users; you could be yourself
without a whit of tethering to your real-
life identity. But then arose the massive
data hubs of Google and Facebook. In-
deed, Facebooks designers intended their
users to make digital replicas of their
flesh-and-blood lives within a tightly
regulated community. The second selves
the Internet had once embraced and en-
abled now had little place on some of its
most popular sites.
Yet anonymity has a persistent allure.
It is gaining a new hold in the connected
world inhabited by the teenagers of 2014,
which is unrecognizable even to the teen-
agers of 2009, let alone their parents. The
secret-sharing apps Secret and Whisper
encourage users to post unsigned mes-
sages to those around them. The scenes
most recent debutante is Yik Yak, which
can host a stream of anonymous posts for
any location.
To hear Ask.fm-using adolescents tell it
and to read their pages, the site has become
a hotbed of gossip, yes, but banal gossip.
When I sat down with a small group of
SOCIETY | INTERNET
IT CREATES A
CULTURE AMONG
KIDS THAT
BACKSTABBING
AND LIBEL ARE
NORMAL PARTS
OF HUMAN
INTERACTION.
ROSALIND WISEMAN,
AUTHOR
he couldnt ignore them. He was tethered
to his new iPhone and through it to a web-
site, Ask.fm. Ray, 41, had never heard of it.
Many American teenagers have. Out
of 120 million users worldwidenearly
half of whom are high school agesome
15 million reside in the U.S., according to
Ask.fm. At one level, Ask.fm is a simple
electronic bulletin board, a social net-
work where members can publicly ask
questions and post answers. But because
members can interact anonymously,
the reality is more complex. Despite
safeguards that allow users to report
abuse, people on the site believe they
can say almost anything without fear or
consequencesand they do.
The tension between transparency
and secrecy has dened social interaction
on the web since the mediums earliest
days, but right now anonymity as a busi-
ness proposition is having a moment.
The prominent secret-sharing site Form-
spring closed in 2013, but a new wave of
websites and apps, such as Secret, Whis-
per and Yik Yak, have more than lled the
void. And Ask.fms founderstwo broth-
ers who grew up in Latvia during the last
days of Soviet rule and became passionate
about free speech and self-expression
insist they are ready to expand to mil-
lions more users.
These prospectors of anonymity have
understandably focused more on grow-
ing their businesses than worrying about
bullying, which, after all, is an age-old
problem. Whats new is the technology
that makes instant personal feedback
possible at all hours of the day and night.
Combine Ask.fm-like sites and apps with
the new prevalence of smartphones
37% of American 12-to-17-year-olds own
one, according to a 2013 Pew studyand
you get a homeroom that follows you
home, a locker room you can never leave.
For parents, this requires facing a new
reality: if your child uses an anonymous
social-networking site, when her phone
buzzes at the dinner table, shes not just
ignoring you; shes joining a world that
hums with cruelty and insecurity, two
enduring features of adolescence newly
turbocharged by changing technology.
Recent findings in neuroscience have
shown how the developing teen brain is
ill equipped to override emotional reac-
tions with cooler assessments. Now these
fragile and self-destructive minds have
a tool to indulge their worst tendencies.
Since 2012, press reports have suggested
that Ask.fm was a factor in at least 16
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The upstarts Brothers Mark, far left, and
Ilja Terebin say their website, based in Riga,
Latvia, has 120 million users; they are
pitching their company to Western investors
time July 714, 2014 43
ninth-graders from New York with Ask.fm
proles, they told me they were not sure
exactly how the site had found a place in
their lives. Its a way to sh for compli-
ments. You want people to think youre
interesting. If you dont have it, you feel
like youre missing out.
Even idle locker-room chatter hurts,
says Rosalind Wiseman, an author of well-
known parenting books and the writer of
Times Dec. 2, 2013, feature What Boys
Want, on boys emotional lives. It cre-
ates a culture among kids that slander,
backstabbing and libel are normal parts
of human interaction. It normalizes the
dehumanization of others.
According to a 2011 Pew study (con-
ducted before the rise of the latest set of
anonymous apps), 88% of American teens
have witnessed cruelty on social net-
works, and 13% have felt nervous about
going to school the next day because of
something that happened online. Justin
Patchin, a cyberbullying researcher at the
University of Wisconsin at Eau Claire,
says hes seen anecdotal evidence that on-
line bullying affects victims differently
from in-person bullying. He and another
researcher plan to investigate further.
What we do know: teenagers are wired
differently from their parents and even
their older siblings. The teenage brain is a
confounding organ. Recent neuroscientif-
ic research indicates that the brains quo-
tient of gray matterneuron-lled tissue
responsible for cognitive and emotional
functions, among other taskspeaks in
adolescence. But relative to adults, teen-
agers are short on white matter, the tissue
that ensures efcient and steady coordi-
nation throughout the brain. The connec-
tions between the rest of the brain and the
frontal lobe, which is charged with fore-
seeing the consequences of ones actions
and differentiating between good and bad,
dont fully form until ones 20s. In the teen-
age years, the brain is all brawn.
Toss this brain into the social web, a
sea so roiling that it sometimes proves
unnavigable even for adults, and what do
you get? The adolescent brain, says Dr. Jay
Giedd, a neuroscientist at the child-
psychiatry branch of the U.S. National In-
stitute of Mental Health, is likelier to seek
smaller, earlier rewards than larger, later
ones. With adolescence also comes a shift
in the usual source of a childs counsel.
Adolescents begin to rely more on their
peers for support and less on their parents
and teachers. The endless fast feedback on
social sites like Ask.fm can nurture users
worst tendencies.
Free Enterprise
ask.fms creators, brothers ilja and
Mark Terebin, now 35 and 29, respective-
ly, grew up in Latvia when it was an aus-
tere Soviet satellite. The two boys, their
parents and a grandmother squeezed
into a two-room apartment in Jelgava, a
town 25 miles (40 km) southwest of Riga,
the capital, where both now reside. The
brothers, who shared absolutely every-
thing, including their ambitions, say they
always had their eye on a prot.
When 9-year-old Ilja found out that he
would be traveling to New York for a soc-
cer tournament, he stocked up on Soviet
kitsch, including badges, hats and rubles.
He spent most of his trip selling the stuff
to Americans. When his youth-soccer
travels took him to Poland, he dragged
along a sack of coffee grinders and sold
every last one of them at a street market.
He aspired to become an entrepreneur,
even if he pronounced it interpreter, as
he still does.
The Terebins decided to start Ask.fm
in 2010. At the time, the only one of their
many businesses showing any life was a
crudely designed Bulgarian classied-ad
site. Social networkingthat was the fu-
ture. They built a site that illustrates and
evangelizes for the freedoms they never
had when they were kids.
Today, with both rmly situated in in-
dependent adulthood, theres not a lot of
obvious difference between the brothers.
Theyre both tall, lean, dark-haired and
handsome. Both favor black clothes and

44
woven in among inside jokes and tributes
from friends, targeted, hostile remarks
that were posted anonymously.
I hate you. Stay out of my life, read
one. Matthews girlfriend, someone
wrote, deserves so much better than
you. Go date someone else. Damn boy
[she] would be so much better with-
out you. There arent other girls that
want you. Leave [another girl] alone
you had your chance with her and blew
it for the whore . . . Stay away.
When Matthew went to his father, Ray
read his sons page alongside him. He told
Matthew that it was typical teenage non-
sense, that he should step away from the
site. Ray told his son too that he should
stand up for himself in person the next
day. Matthew knew which classmates
were attacking him online. Ray says he as-
sumed that before too long, the boy would
realize how frivolous it all was.
Matthew managed to break away
from Ask.fm for a few weeks, but it didnt
last. He was prone to following others, his
father says. He couldnt stop himself from
logging on. I cant not know what people
are saying about me, he told his father,
Ray says.
A few grim months passed, and they
played out online as well. Matthew was
hospitalized for periods in November and
December after two suicide attempts. The
nasty comments persisted. No friends.
R u a schizofranic? Youre a f-ggot. Ray
would read the page periodically with
Matthew and worry. On Jan. 10, Matthew
was released from the hospital, and he
hanged himself that night.
Theres rarely any one obvious cause
for a suicide. Ray knew his son had long
struggled with his mental health, and he
also knew that teenagers often fail to see
past the rocky periods in their lives. To
him, Matthews death was more a tragedy
than a mystery.
After Matthews funeral, a parent in
Brunswick went to visit Ray. She gave
him a thick le of papersthe complete
transcript of Matthews Ask.fm page. He
forced himself to read the packet, poring
over the remarks in a new light. It made
him sick, he says.
We Teach People to Bully
millions of people use ask. fm every
day without making headlines. While
the stories of suicide by users may be
exceptional, they remain indelible. The
Terebins say their creation has a role to
play in helping young people grow up.
On Ask.fm, young people become more
open-minded. Theyll develop more
freedom. Its very important in the pres-
ent society, says Ilja. His brother says,
Older people, theyre f-cked up already.
But children? They have a chance. On
their personal pages, the two tend to hold
forth on weighty matters, like equality
and resisting the power of institutions,
trying to be the change they wish to see
on their website.
In support of their broader argu-
ment, the Terebins say adolescents will
learn from social-media sites if parents
let them have freedom online. Kids will
learn how to live with others and will un-
derstand the consequences of what they
say, according to the brothers. Free, open
discourse will lead to higher truth and a
thriving global democracy.
The Terebins acknowledge the bul-
lying that happens on their site but do
boots; they look like graduate students.
And despite their business ambitions,
they sound a little like that too. (The
brothers quit eating meat two years ago
after watching the 2005 documentary
Earthlings. This is the root of all evil in
the world, people eating animals, Ilja
says at breakfast one morning, over beets
and blintzes.)
The two run their business with 58
employees out of a small, spartan ofce
in the center of Riga. In the style of
American technology rms, a handful
of long tables are set up in rows, with the
largely male workforce seated in front of
big computer monitors on either side of
the tables.
Extension cords reach the tables in
the front of the ofce, where the newly
hired content moderators sit. They work
around the clock in eight-hour shifts,
plugging posts reported as abusive all
over the world into Google Translate, av-
eraging 25 minutes between a users com-
plaint and the review process, according
to Ask.fm. If something seems particular-
ly abusive, they take the post down and
warn or sometimes ban the user who sent
it. The site has also installed software that
scans reader comments for abusive lan-
guage and thwarts them before they post.
Stay Out of My Life
if the terebins or their employees
had reviewed the comments in the fall
of 2013 on the Ask.fm page of 14-year-old
Matthew Homyk, they would have found,
CLOSE DOWN
THE WEBSITE?
YOU WILL
GET ANOTHER
WEBSITE!
ILJA TEREBIN,
CO-FOUNDER OF ASK.FM
SOCIETY | INTERNET
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time July 714, 2014 45
sent the dark messages to herself. Ask.fm
and the Terebins were vindicated. There
had apparently been no cyberbullying,
just unanswered cries for help from a
teenage girl. (After the inquest, Smiths
father told the Mirror that he didnt be-
lieve she had sent all the messages to
herself but would be unable to prove it as
long as the police still had her computer.)
In Riga the Terebins business now sits
in limbo. Ilja says theyre pitching a stake
in the company to deep-pocketed Western
tech investors who can help the company
grow more quickly. But Ask.fms bad repu-
tation, he says, has soured their sales pitch.
The brothers are proud of what theyve ac-
complished, but Ilja hopes Ask.fm will get
much bigger. He wants to build the busi-
ness hes always dreamed of, spreading his
gospel of openness and self-discovery to an
ofce in New York City or London.
To those who want the site shut down,
Ilja says, Close down the website? You
will get another website! Close McDon-
alds! Close the Internet! Close the roads,
and ban cars! Everyone wants to ask
whats wrong with us. No one wants to
ask the important questions. Why is there
selshness? Why is there no laughter?
Whether you agree with the sites crit-
ics or not, they might be onto something.
While selfie-loving millennials have
been derided as narcissistic and puffed
up, perhaps the generation following in
their footsteps, which has to navigate this
new, difcult climate during an already
strained period of emotional develop-
ment, will be restless and insecure, crav-
ing perpetual instant validation from a
wide and mysterious sea of peers. These
concerns apply equally to the popular
and the bullied, to the jocks and the
geeks. Its a new world.
Ray Homyk agrees with the Terebins
on one matter: the obligation to x things
does not rest with Ask.fm. It falls on par-
ents, teachers and students themselves to
forge a gentler society.
This spring, Ray raised over $1,000
for a scholarship fund in his sons name.
The Brunswick High boys lacrosse team
played its season in his honor; his young-
er sister played too and wore his jersey
number, 27.
Matthew didnt kill himself because
of Ask.fm, Ray says. But I will say it
didnt help. It just didnt help. n
simply what any company with a large
spike in its user base needs to do.
Ilja says Ask.fm not only cooperates
with law enforcement but also reads
every page of every user whose suicide
has been linked to Ask.fm in the press,
including Matthew Homyks. He says he
has not once found what he would char-
acterize as genuine cyberbullying.
He points to the case of Hannah
Smith, a 14-year-old from Leicestershire,
England, who hanged herself in August
2013 after receiving vicious messages on
Ask.fm. The Smith case captivated the pa-
pers in a way none before it did.
The threats on her page cut deep:
drink bleach, get cancer, kill your-
self. The Smith case even prompted Brit-
ish Prime Minister David Cameron to
urge a boycott of Ask.fm. But an inquest
this May conrmed what Ask.fms found-
ers said all along: Smith almost certainly
not accept blame. That, Ilja says, falls on
a complacent society with bad values.
We teach people to bully. Look at the
media. Do you have muscles? Youre a
cool guy. Are you fat? Youre a loser. Do
you f-ck girls? Youre a cool guy. Do you
not f-ck girls? Youre a loser. We cant
do anything about it, if parents are
drinking beer, watching TV and reading
celebrity magazines.
He continues, People are looking for
someone to blame all the time, and we
look like an easy target. Were in Eastern
Europe, without a huge budget or prop-
er lawyers. So why not bully us and get
some credit?
In the past year, the site has beefed up
its monitoring team and retained the ser-
vices of Annie Mullins, a leading cyber-
bullying expert in England. Ilja says these
changes are not a response to the bad press
the site has received all over Europe but
The son When he took his life in January,
Matthew Homyk left behind his father Ray,
younger sister Aly and mother Amie
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T H E D WE L L I N G S O F T H E F U T U R E WI L L MA K E Y O U C A L ME R , S

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Artwork and photograph by Lori Nix and Kathleen Gerber for TIME
, S A F E R , R I C H E R A N D H E A L T H I E R . A N D T H E Y A L R E A D Y E X I S T

Illustration by Martin Gee for TIME
A D J . A WA R E O F Y O U R WA N T S A N D N E E D S
T H E S M A R T H O ME I S
BE F ORE
J A N E S H O ME !
G A D G E T S , G E T B U S Y !
T U R N I N G O N T H E L I G H T S !
P L A Y I N G Y O U R T U N E S !
AF T E R
N O. 1

AT YOUR SE RV I CE
alex hawkinsons house
knows how to make his day.
As the 41-year-old father of
two gets out of bed, the lights
icker on and the air tempera-
ture starts to warm. He walks
down the stairs, and a Siri-like
voice greets him from his Sonos
sound system: Todays forecast
is . . . By the time he reaches
for his mug of coffeeit began
brewing automaticallythat
womans voice has morphed
into an NPR broadcast, and
Hawkinson is checking his
phone, which will receive a
text if his 4-year-old son runs
out the front door before
breakfast. Should Hawkinson
open the liquor cabinet, inten-
tionally or not, his house will
object. Isnt it a wee bit early?
If Hawkinson has his way,
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it will be largely thanks to
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locks, lightbulbs, even sprin-
kler systemsto talk to one
another and prioritize your
needs. Its only requirements:
a smartphone, a $200 starter
kit (including sensors and a
hub they sync with) and a wild
imagination.
Were at the outset of this
wave where . . . your home can
give you security, peace of mind
ME E T T H E S T A R T U P T R Y I N G T O C R E A T E A N D
C O N T R O L T H E I N T E R N E T O F Y O U R H O ME
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F I N I S H I N G D I N N E R !
WA R MI N G T H E R O O M !

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annual business withinve years.
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like bigger companies, it doesnt have an
established business model to protect,
so it can reimagine the connected home
from scratch. And unlike other smart-
home startups like Revolv, it already has
thousands of civilian developers work-
ing to make novel apps for the products
it connectsenabling you to make your
speakers bark, for example, if your cat
jumps on the kitchentable.
But to go mainstream, SmartThings
and its rivals will have to convince
a lot of people thats its safeand
worthwhileto trust their home life
to technology. For all its hype, the full-
service smart home is still very niche;
less than 1% of U.S. households own
that kind of system. And as with the In-
ternet, the idea of extreme connectivity
50
and more, Hawkinson says. Eventually,
everything that should be connected
will be connected.
If this narrative sounds familiar,
thats because it is: companies have
been promising the dawn of the smart
homea futuristic dwelling full of gad-
gets working seamlessly to satisfy your
every whimsince the 50s. Yet early
efforts failed to deliver because of clunky
tech and consumer wariness.
SmartThings, which launched in
2012, has arrived amid a legitimate sea
change in home automation. In the past
few years, the rise of cloud computing
has made it easier than ever to build
gadgets that connect to the so-called
Internet of Things, meaning they can
be monitored and controlled from afar,
usually with their own smartphone
app. Theres also been an uptick in the
production of sensors and devices that
enable you to smartify objects that are
H O W S MA R T T H I N G S H E L P S Y O U T A L K T O Y O U R H O ME
2
3
dumb. (Think plugging a desk lamp into
an adapter controlled by your phone, or
rigging a door with a motion detector
that pings you about intruders.) By 2018,
the research rm IHS Technology pre-
dicts, people will have installed 45 mil-
lion smart-home services. Were really
starting to see major volume here, says
Lisa Arrowsmith, an IHS associate direc-
tor. Its an exciting time.
But the race to make those gadgets
and sensors work together has only
just begun. Much as Google and Ya-
hoo created search engines as a way
to bring order to the Internet in the
90s, startups and established players
alikeincluding Apple, AT&T and
Googleare now enabling you to
command the Internet of your home.
Whoever creates the most compelling
platform will not only revolutionize how
we live but also command a huge share
of whats expected to be a $12 billion
In lieu of battery-draining wi-,
many smart deviceslike
motion sensors for doorssend
signals using low-frequency
protocols such as ZigBee and
Z-Wave. The wi--enabled hub
reads those signals.
But the door sensor is just
one example. From the app,
you can make SmartThings
crank up your music on a
whim, brew your coffee when
you wake up and more.
Once it knows your door is open,
the hub can text you an alert if
youre away (via an app) or ...
It can take actions
on its own if youre
at home, like
automatically turning
on your connected
lightbulbs.
1
4

comes with real concerns about security
and privacy. As Hawkinson puts it,
How do you avoid the creepy factor?
like many great ideas, smartthings
arose from disaster. In February 2011,
Hawkinson and his family arrived in
Leadville, Colo., for what they thought
would be a relaxing weekend at their vaca-
tion homeonly to nd the interior caked
in ice. The pipes had frozen and burst, and
the repair bill came to $100,000. How is
it possible that someone hasnt created
something I could plug in, Hawkinson
wondered at the time, that would alert
me when something went wrong?
The veteran entrepreneur gathered
some friends and used a holiday slush
fund to start developing what would
eventually become the SmartThings hub:
a wi--enabled device about the size of a
smoke detector that syncs with almost any
connected gadget or sensor, allowing users
to program their homes from a single app.
When paired with a moisture detector,
for example, SmartThings could be set to
automatically text Hawkinson if his pipes
burst againor, perhaps, to cue the theme
from Titanic on his sound system.
Within 18 months, the edgling com-
pany had raised more than $1.2 million
on Kickstarter (Ashton Kutcher was an
early investor), and manufacturers like
Quirky, now a General Electric partner,
started sending their devices over for test-
ing so SmartThings could ensure com-
patibility. By mid-2013, SmartThings had
shipped more than 10,000 hubs.
Hawkinson was immediately struck
by the creativity of his consumers. A
couple in Minnesota put presence sensors
on their kids backpacks so they could
locate them. A man in Canada trained
his speakers to play an angelic chorus as
he approaches his majestically lit scotch
collection. Witnessing such applications
rsthand, says Hawkinson, makes you
start to see the world . . . as programmable.
To get would-be buyers as excited as
he isan imperative in a space mired
in skepticismHawkinson encourages
users to upload their programs to Smart-
Things open platform so that others can
browse and download the most popular
ones, much as they do with smartphone
apps. (Results are tailored to the gadgets
and sensors they actually own.) To date,
some 5,000 people have shared their
gadget trickswell above gures from
any other smart-home platformand
thousands more have tapped them for
personal use.
Still, no matter how much Smart-
Things crows about connectivity, there
is always going to be a segment that
doesnt see the value, says Arrowsmith.
The gadget selection is limited, the setups
can be complicated, and legitimate fears
of cybercriminals commandeering your
smart locks and cameras have made
people wary of making their homes po-
tentially hackable.
Hawkinson understands those
concerns, but hes also trying to render
them moot. To ensure security, he hires
white-hat hackers to continuously probe
SmartThings technology and pinpoint
vulnerabilities that must be xed. To
make smartication more seamless, he
plans to turn the open platform into a
full-service connected-home depot offer-
ing DIY video tutorials, links to installa-
tion services and more. He also struck a
deal with Cross Country Home Services,
one of the U.S.s largest home-warranty
providers, to include SmartThings hubs as
part of a full-home protection plan. And
hes working with Philips and wearable-
tech pioneer Jawbone, among others, to
enlarge SmartThings arsenal of devices.
The main challenge, however, is rais-
ing awarenessabout SmartThings and
about the perks of connecting your home
in general. From that standpoint, the
competition from Apple, which is starting
to enter the connected-home space, is a
good thing. Its like Inception, Hawkin-
son says. The more people hear about
this stuff, the more they realize, Wow,
this previously dumb and totally discon-
nected thing should be connected.
Then again, connectivity cant auto-
mate everything. Back at home, Hawkin-
son describes a SmartThings mode he
made for his wife called Aaaawwww-
www Yeaaaah. Once he taps his phone,
the lights dim red and the bass of Barry
White resounds from the speakers. Alas,
he says, that particular trick has never
worked out for me. But dont blame
SmartThings. Technically, he claries,
it works every time. n
time July 714, 2014 51
How SmartThings fares
against the most iconic
smart-home gures
If you fall in love with
SmartThings, it is not pro-
grammed to love you back.
But it can help you create a
romantic atmosphere.
MO R E R E S T R A I N E D
T H A N S A M A N T H A
F R O M H E R
S N A P
J U D G ME N T
Although SmartThings can
understand conversational
text commands, it wont
re back impromptu one-
liners like Polly want a
gas mask?
MO R E P O L I S H E D
T H A N R O S I E F R O M
T H E J E T S O N S
SmartThings will not try to
lock you out of a spaceship.
We think.
L E S S M A N I A C A L
T H A N H A L 9 0 0 0
F R O M 2 0 0 1 : A
S P A C E O D Y S S E Y
I
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T H E S M A R T H O ME I S C O N S C I O U S
A T & T
AT&T Digital Homea ser-
vice that lets you monitor
your security, energy use
and more from an app on
your phoneis available
in most U.S. markets. But
the la carte prices ($5 to
$40 a month) add up fast.
C O M C A S T
The cable behemoth
already bundles security
services with TV channels
for one fee; now it is rolling
out Xnity Home, a suite of
home-automation services
that can be controlled
with a tablet remote.
V E R I Z O N
AT&Ts principal competitor
currently discontinued its
do-it-yourself security-and-
automation service in Feb-
ruary. But its got millions
of customers to tap, and it
probably wont stay out of
the category forever.
S M A R T T H I N G S
For $100, SmartThings offers
a wi--enabled hub that al-
lows you to connect products
from a range of companies
including Quirky, Jawbone and
Honeywelland control them
with a single app. (It also sells
sensors that can be placed
on dumb devices to make
them smart.) The system is
well priced, but SmartThings
will need to be intrepid to
thrive as Apple and Google
invade its turf.
R E V O L V
Its one-hub-to-control-them-
all gimmick is similar to
SmartThings, and it has a
retail partnership with Home
Depot. But because Revolv
hasnt nished developing its
open platform, the system
is less customizable than
SmartThings. Its hub is also
more expensive ($300 vs.
SmartThings $100), and the
company is still working on
an Android app.
G E N E R A L
E L E C T R I C
The 122-year-old conglomer-
ate partnered with startup
Quirky to crowdsource ideas
for connected gadgets, like
a tray that pings your phone
when youre out of eggs.
Now Quirky plans to turn the
software it created for such
products into an ambitious
operating system for the
digital home.
A P P L E
Apples HomeKit tech
which will debut this fall
in iOS 8will wrangle
other companies smart
gadgets: say bedtime
to Siri on your iPhone, for
example, and it might dim
your Philips Hue lightbulb.
But the company isnt say-
ing whether its creating its
own smart-home app.
M I C R O S O F T
The company could evolve
its Xbox One console
into a smart-home base
station with a software
update. So far, though, its
biggest move has been
partnering with Insteon,
which provides home-
automation services and
apps for Windows and
Windows Phone.
G O O G L E
Its followed up its $3.2 bil-
lion purchase of Nestthe
smart-gadget company found-
ed by Tony Fadell, a.k.a. the
Godfather of the iPod (see
page 54)by acquiring Drop-
cam, maker of a slick web-
enabled security camera.
But the ad giants biggest
hurdle might be persuading
consumers to trust it with the
sensitive personal data such
devices collect.
R E T A I L E R S
Lowes, the DIY retailer, of-
fers Iris, a system that lets
you control security cam-
eras, light switches, locks
and other devices. Ofce
superstore Staples Con-
nect is similar. But theyll
have to compete with the
well-known tech brands.
A P P L I A N C E
M A K E R S
LG, Samsung, Whirlpool and
others are adding connec-
tivity to their appliances
letting you perform feats
like preheating the oven
from your phone. But its
unclear if they can dominate
other aspects of smart-
home control.
S E C U R I T Y
S P E C I A L I S T S
ADT and Vivint are giving
away ambitious home-
automation systems with
touchscreen control panels
as an incentive to sign up
for long-term contracts. But
those fee-based models
may not hold up.
The $400 Xbox
One may soon
help automate
your house
The $100
SmartThings
hub works with
gadgets from GE,
Belkin and more
The $300
Revolv hub can
sense when
youre home
time July 714, 2014
WHI CH
COMPANY WI LL
CONTROL
YOUR HOME?
Much as Google and Yahoo rode search to billion-
dollar empires, the rms that bring order to the
Internet of your home are poised to revolutionize
how we liveand make a fortune in the process.
Heres a look at where the major players stand.
B Y H A R R Y M C C R A C K E N
T
H
E

W
I
L
D

C
A
R
D
S
T
H
E

T
E
L
E
C
O
M

M
A
S
T
E
R
S
T H E S T A R T U P S
T H E T E C H T I T A N S

Experience the precise control of Delta

Touch
2
O Technology. Simply tap anywhere
on the spout or handle of the faucet to start and stop the ow of water. To see the range
of Touch
2
O faucets for your kitchen and bathroom, visit deltafaucet.com/touch
Precisely in tune
with every touch.
TOUCH
2
O

TECHNOLOGY. THE FIRST OF ITS KIND.

2013 Masco Corporation of Indiana.

A D J . A BL E T O A DJ US T T O E V E R Y C ONDI T I ON
T H E S M A R T H O ME I S
Photograph by Ian Allen for TIME
N O. 2

T HE HOUSE
WHI SPE RE R
T O N Y F A D E L L I S G I V I N G H O U S E H O L D
O B J E C T S A MI N D O F T H E I R O WN
tony fadell is not a fan of the one button. if you
grew up watching The Jetsons, you know the one. Its
the button that automatically dims the lights, draws
the blinds and spins the record player. The problem
with the one button is that the one button shouldnt
do the same thing for everyone, says Fadell, the
45-year-old CEO of Nest Labs. The truth is, homes
change over timeand technology has to adapt, not
try to do everything at once.
If Fadells philosophy matters, its in no small part be-
cause four-year-old Nest has helped kick-start the current
boom in connected gadgets. The companys rst product,
also called Nest, was a $250 thermostat that learns the
habits of its users in order to save energyautomatically
lowering the temperature when nobodys home, for ex-
ample. Its second, the Nest Protect (current price: $100),
was a smoke and carbon monoxide alarm that gives voice
alerts and can differentiate between burning toast and
actual emergencies.
By now its clear that Nest plans to work its way
through the average American home, looking for sta-
ples to make smartermuch as its CEO reimagined the
music player and the mobile phone during his 2000s
gig as a senior vice president at Apple. (Fadell is known
in Silicon Valley as the Godfather of the iPod.) And it
will do so alongside a powerful partner: Google, which
in January acquired the company, based in Palo Alto,
Calif., for $3.2 billion.
B Y M A T T V E L L A

56
H O M E S C H A N G E O V E R
T I M E A N D T E C H N O L O G Y
H A S T O A D A P T , N O T
T R Y T O D O E V E R Y T H I N G
A T O N C E .
T O N Y F A D E L L , C E O O F N E S T
But Fadells view of smart gadgetry
differs greatly from that of most of his
competitors. When he set out to re-
invent the thermostat, the prevailing
thinking was that it would turn into
a miniature computer. Manufacturers
were adding photos. They were adding
a calendar. They were adding the weath-
er, he says. In other words, they were
loading thermostats with bells and
whistles, but they werent actually mak-
ing them work better. It made no sense
to me, he says. How about we look at
the basic function of this device and
not overly complicate? The same could
be asked of the connected-home mar-
ket, now brimming with hundreds of
productswi--enabled toothbrushes,
touchscreen toilets, toasters that can
tweetall claiming to be smart sim-
ply because they can do the same things
your tablet can.
Fadell argues that truly smart gadgets
should have built-in intelligence like the
Nest thermostat. They should be able
to automatically adapt to your wants
and needs, so you dont have to think
about them if you dont want to. We
have enough technology trying to take
our attention away, trying to give us an
excuse not to talk to each other, he says.
Instead, he says, hes designing products
for the conscious homethe home that
is aware of what your family is doing and
tries to help you, as he puts it. In that
habitat, there will be no one button. Be-
cause the smartest technologies may not
even require your input.
fadell was born near detroit and
grew up in a large family of Lebanese and
Polish-Russian descent. He attended 12
schools in 15 years as the family shufed
around the country, a result of his fa-
thers sales job with Levi Strauss. On
visits home, his grandfathera super-
intendent of schools and a handyman
encouraged a love of tinkering, and
Fadell became fascinated with elec-
tronics. Because he moved so much,
he says, computers became my way of
communicating.
Fadell was a natural entrepreneur
too. In his spare time at the University of
Michigan, where he studied computer en-
gineering, he started two companies. One
made educational software; the other
manufactured microprocessors to speed
up Apple II computers. He sold the latter
to Apple before graduating and moving
to Silicon Valley.
Bald and broad-shouldered, Fadell
has a tendency to get worked up when
hes on a roll, darting his blue-green
eyes in your direction to make sure
youre still with him. There was always
a joke that when Tony gets excited,
you have to watch his chair, says Yves
Bhar, the award-winning industrial
designer and chief creative ofcer at
Jawbone, who rst met Fadell in the
late 1990s. In meetings he would get
up and bounce aroundliterally like
T H E S M A R T H O ME I S A D A P T A B L E
F I N E - T U N I N G Nest tests prototypes of its
thermostats in a controlled lab environment
I
A
N

A
L
L
E
N

F
O
R

T
I
M
E
;

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L
L
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I
M
E

(
3
)


into and control a variety of appliances,
for exampleis overly complex and in-
elegant. Nobody wants to buy [that kind
of] smart home. Its for geeks, says Rog-
ers. People want to buy great products. It
should be all these little touchpoints that
make your life simpler.
Rogers is particularly excited about
Nests new open platform, which will
enable devices to talk to one another
without a lot of babysitting by users. For
instance, beginning this summer, some
Mercedes-Benz vehicles will be able to
communicate with Nest thermostats
to automatically adjust a homes tem-
perature according to how long it will
take you to get back from work that day.
Similarly, Jawbones wearable tness
trackerswhich know when you are
about to wake up in the morningwill
be able to raise the temperature just as
you get out of bed. As for more hardware,
Fadell wont reveal specics, though on
June 23 the company announced it would
acquire home-security-camera maker
Dropcam for $555million. Says Fadell:
We look for unloved products, the things
that havent changed since I was a kid.
There will be obstacles. Competition,
for one, is growing. Honeywell, the giant
manufacturer of thermostats, intro-
duced a Nest competitor in June that it
dubbed Lyric. And earlier this year, Nest
issued a software x for 440,000 smoke
detectors when it determined that a de-
fect could cause an alarm to be delayed.
A later bulletin from the Consumer
Product Safety Commission generated
unattering recall headlines.
Then theres Google. Although Nest
is being operated independently of
its search and data parent, that hasnt
stopped some from speculating about
targeted ads appearing on connected
Nest devices. Rogers and Fadell reject
the idea, saying the data their company
collects wont be shared without custom-
ers explicit permission. For Nest, too
much is at stake. Its future depends on
getting users to trust technology to learn
about them in the most private settings.
If anyone knows how to do that, its the
man who helped create the iPod and the
iPhone, two of the most lionized gadgets
ever. At Apple, we changed society,
Fadell says, somewhat contemplatively.
Now hes trying again. n
time July 714, 2014 57
We asked professional
designers to imagine the
future of household gadgetry
WH A T C O U L D
N E S T MA K E
N E X T ?
A micro-wearable could
gauge your diet by tracking
your sweat and recommend
healthy lifestyle changes,
says Radek Tadajewski, CEO
of smart-home startup Oort.
Alex Fitzpatrick
T H E D I E T D O T
a bouncing ball. A couple of times he
broke the chairs in my ofce.
In 1991, Fadells tech enthusiasm led
him to a job at General Magic, one of
those Silicon Valley footnotes that made
products that were ahead of their time.
It was also a hotbed of young talent. As a
20-something, Fadell worked alongside
Pierre Omidyar, who later founded eBay,
and Andy Rubin, the creator of Googles
Android mobile operating system. We
basically created the technology for the
iPhone 20 years too early, he recalls.
But there and during a later stint at
Philips trying to create early handheld
computers, Fadell found that mere ex-
citement about underlying technology
was not enough to make a hit product.
By the time Steve Jobs persuaded him to
take a full-time role at Apple working
on what would become the iPod, he was
convinced that marketing and a keen
sense of what not to put in were just as
important as engineering. The success of
the iPod and, later, the iPhone validated
his thinking.
Fadell left his full-time job at Apple
in 2008, taking a year and a half to travel
with his wife Danielle Lambert, a former
Apple vice president, and their children.
He also threw himself into designing
a second home, near Lake Tahoe. As he
imagined the hallways and rooms of his
yet-to-be-built house, he came to see doz-
ens of items that could benet from bet-
ter brains. Thats when he hit on the idea
of a smarter thermostat.
Tony said, There is no iPod of
thermostats, and I was on board im-
mediately, recalls Matt Rogers, Fadells
former intern at Apple, whom he ap-
proached over lunch in October 2009.
(Rogers, now Nests co-founder and vice
president of engineering, was also the
rst software developer for the iPhone.)
Fourteen months later, they had a work-
ing prototype. The companys gadgets
were soon widely heraldedincluding in
Time, which named the Nest Protect one
of the 25 best inventions of 2013.
nest and nest protect are just
phase 1 of the companys plan to re-
imagine the household. Rogers, like
Fadell, is convinced that much of the
smart-home gear thats currently in
vogue among designerskits that plug
A wearable device could tell
your thermostat why youre
hot (exercise? Fever?) so it
adjusts accordingly, says
Travis Bogard, Jawbones
vice president of product
management and strategy.
T H E I N T U I T I V E
T H E R MO S T A T
Internal cameras could
track food levels and auto-
generate grocery lists, says
Robert Brunner, founder of
Ammunition design group.
T H E K N O W- I T - A L L
F R I D G E

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2
GA ME - CHA NGI NG

T H E S M A R T H O ME I S A D A P T A B L E
HOW T O
HACKE R- PROOF
Y OUR HOME
refrigerators hijacked to send malicious
emails. TVs tapped to spy on their watchers. Baby
monitors remotely rigged to stream a strangers voice.
These arent outtakes from a cheesy sci- horror
ick. Theyre real situations that have happened in
homes around the worldmade hackable, so to speak,
by awed smart devices. Although there are many ad-
vantages to buying gadgets that connect to the Internet
(see page 58), many of them are not built with security
in mind, says Cesar Cerrudo, an executive at security
rm IOActive. And that makes their owners vulner-
able: a bit of outdated software in your connected
security camera, and a hacker could use it to case your
home; a weak password on your connected thermostat,
and a hacker could use it as a back door into your wi-
networkand anything on it.
To be sure, actual horror stories are few and far
between. Of the millions of Americans who own
at least one connected device, only a small fraction
have publicly come forward as victims of malicious
home-gadget attacks. And when they do, manu-
facturers like Samsungwhose smart products
were targeted in the pasthave been quick to cor-
rect security aws, since consumer trust is para-
mount for good business.
But it never hurts to be prepared. Here are ve expert
tips on how to safeguard your smartest devices.
60
D O Y O U R R E S E A R C H
It may sound too simple, but your
homes rstand often bestline
of defense is Google. Before you pur-
chase a connected gadget, search
its name plus words like security
or vulnerability to give yourself an
idea of what youre up against, says
Daniel Crowley of info-security rm
Trustwave. More important, Cerrudo
says, you should investigate how ef-
fectively the gadgetmaker responded
to any breaches. If the issue was
neutralized quickly, youre probably
ne. If a company took weeks to x
its mistake, buy something else.
B Y K E L L Y C O N N I F F
U P D A T E Y O U R S O F T WA R E
In one of the most publicized connected-
home hacks, security researchers broke
into early models of Samsungs smart TV,
which allowed them to control its camera
and access les and apps. Samsung
quickly issued a software update to x the
vulnerability, butas with smartphone
appsits often up to users to make sure
that a patch is downloaded. The longer you
wait, the larger the window of opportunity
for hacking becomes, says Cerrudo.

S T R E N G T H E N Y O U R
P A S S WO R D
Many people want their connected
devices to work right out of the box,
so they dont bother to change the
default user names and passwords
(or they type a simple one to get go-
ing). That makes you extraordinarily
vulnerable to hacking, says Crowley,
noting that weak passwords were
responsible for 31% of the security
compromises Trustwave investi-
gated in 2013.
G U A R D Y O U R W I - F I
Even if your smart devices are
secure on their own, hackers can
still break into your control network
through a lost smartphone (if youve
used it to control your gadgets) or
unsecured home wi- (which many
gadgets use to sync with the cloud),
enabling all kinds of mischief. To
add another layer of difculty for
would-be hackers, Crowley suggests
setting up a separate, secure wi-
network exclusively for your con-
nected devices.
H I R E A P R O F E S S I O N A L
If all else fails, soliciting help from an
expert to install and congure your
devicesand the networks they tap
intocan be the best option, says
Cerrudo. Best Buys Geek Squad, for ex-
ample, can set up your wireless network
for about $90 to $130, ensuring that you
have the most up-to-date rmware, among
other details. As Geek Squad specialist
Derek Meister puts it, We look over all
the little settings.
I LLUSTRATI ONS BY JAMESON SI MPSON FOR TI ME

Photographs by Ian Allen for TIME
A D J . S E N S I T I V E T O Y O U R S I T U A T I O N
T H E S M A R T H O ME I S N O. 3

L Y N D A E L A Y N A
S P R A T L E Y S
R E C Y C L E D H O ME
A T L A N T A
At the start of her nal semester, Sprat-
ley, a 29-year-old design student, spent
90 minutes every day driving between her
apartment in the suburbs and her college
classes in midtown Atlanta. It was tir-
ing, she says, and it made it really tough
to meet people. So she moved into a
parking garage behind her schools main
building. Literally. Spratley, who graduated
in May, was one of the rst residents of
SCADpad, a three-dorm compound built
and styled by students, faculty and alumni
of Savannah College of Art and Design
to prove that underused public spaces
many U.S. parking structures operate
well below capacitycan be repurposed
into homes. Although the 135-sq.-ft.
(12.5 sq m) space felt cramped at times
during her weeklong stay (I was like,
Wheres the closet?!), Spratley found
plenty to love: the iPad-controlled lights
could mimic a sunset, a nearby 3-D
printer made free home accessories like
coasters, and the compound fostered its
own minicommunity. I had friends over
to watch The Fifth Element on the ceiling
of the parking deck, she says. It was
like living in a piece of the future.
Olivia B. Waxman

64
T H E S M A R T H O ME I S H U M A N

I N D O O R -
O U T D O O R
F E E L
Because the dorm
was built so close to
the edge of the park-
ing garage, I could
see the skyline, and
sunlight and fresh
air came inbut not
the rain, Spratley
recalls. Being so
close to the highway
and hearing the
repetitive whoosh-
whoosh sound of
the cars driving by
also reminded me
of waves on the
beach.
S A V V Y S A N I T A T I O N
To promote good health, an iPad-like display
which also shows the weathergamies the
hand-washing experience: the longer you scrub,
the longer a monkey runs from a tree-cutting
machine. It was the rst thing my friends want-
ed to do when they came over, says Spratley.
C O MMO N G R O U N D S
Outside the SCADpad units, residents can
play on a life-size chessboard, above, or tend
the community herb garden, left, which thrives
on excess shower waterwhich is ltered.
Spratley stopped by several times to pick
cilantro for nachos.

T H E S M A R T H O ME I S H U M A N
66

T H E A R C H I E S
D I S A S T E R - P R O O F H O ME
N E W O R L E A N S
I lived in that home for 45
years. It was all I knew, says
Leslie Archie, 54, of her onetime
residence in New Orleans Lower
Ninth Ward. When it was ooded
during Hurricane Katrina, she
and her daughter Lakiwa were
forced to house-hopfrom
a FEMA trailer parked in her
brothers driveway to a less than
ideal rental in nearby Gentilly, all
as her clan grew to include Laki-
was three boisterous children.
Now, with help from the Make It
Right Foundation, which has as-
sembled more than 100 homes
for low-income U.S. families
displaced by natural disasters,
theyve nally settled into what
Archie calls truly a blessing.
Its built to last: the reinforced
walls can withstand winds of
up to 130 m.p.h. (209 km/h);
there are hurricane shutters
that can be screwed on to pro-
tect the doors and windows;
and the whole base is bolted to
8-ft. (2.4 m) concrete-and-steel
stilts, which protect the house
from ooding. Im not worried
about my house anymore,
says Archie, noting that when
Hurricane Isaac hit in 2012, the
only damage her family faced
was a few days without power.
But Archies favorite feature may
be the array of 18 solar panels
lining her roof. Before Katrina,
it cost at least $300 per month
to keep her home powered and
cool during the sweltering Loui-
siana summers; now she pays
just $40. That alone is a major
plus! Maya Rhodan
Archies grandkids Demori, 5, Kaleah, 8,
and Dalont, 4, love to play under the house.
And her daughter Lakiwa, 30, appreciates
the formaldehyde-free yellow paint; it helps
prevent her bronchitis are-ups.
A F A MI L Y A F F A I R

68
T H E S M A R T H O ME I S H U M A N

MA C Y MI L L E R S
T I N Y H O ME
B O I S E , I D A H O
After marrying her college sweetheart
in 2007, Miller, then 22, happily took
what her friends called the normal
next step: putting down a payment on
a 2,500-sq.-ft., four-bedroom house
with her new husband. But when they
divorced a year later, she says, my -
nancial torture began. First, she failed
to resolve a messy deed situation with
her ex; then the economy collapsed, and
the bank seized her home. At that point,
Miller, an architect, had an idea: What if
I take the $11,000 Id have to spend on
a years rent and build a minihouse from
scratch? She wasnt alone: more than
70 architectural rms now specialize in
helping Americans ditch their large, pricey
abodes to raise low-cost, low-energy tiny
homes, and Miller found starter plans
aplenty online. She bought a atbed trail-
er ($500), rented a 0.125-acre lot ($200
a month) and within 18 months had built
and moved into her dream home, all
200 sq. ft. of it. Now Millers monthly ex-
penses are $400 instead of $1,200, and
shes dating her new landlord; the two
had a daughter in March. Her next project
is designing a 650-sq.-ft. abode for the
whole family, including her Great Dane.
Ive realized I dont need a big house,
she says. I never did. Stacy Perman
W O R K - L I F E B A L A N C E
Now that she has more than halved
her housing costs, I dont need
to work as much, says Miller, who
recently quit her full-time job. I can
spend more time with my daughter.
B A S I C
U T I L I T I E S
In lieu of standard
plumbing, Miller
hooked up a garden
hose to a nearby
potable water source.
And although the
house is wired for
heat, she uses it less
than she expected.
The house is well
insulated, and
between my body heat
and my computer,
it gets warm pretty
quickly, she says.

T H E S M A R T H O ME I S H U M A N
70

J O H N P E C K S
R E S P O N S I V E H O ME
F R E D E R I C K S B U R G , V A .
When retired Marine Sergeant John Peck awoke
from a medically induced coma in July 2010, two
months after stepping on an IED in Afghanistan
and losing all four of his limbs, his skin was so
hypersensitive that I would scream if someone
touched me, he says. But once his physical pain
subsided, Peck, then 24, faced a much more daunt-
ing obstacle: adjusting to everyday life in a new
body. The challenges at his Walter Reed housing
complex were immediately clear. He couldnt enter
rooms with nonautomatic doors, because he didnt
have hands to grab them. Hed wanted to be a chef
since he was 12, and now he couldnt reach the
food cabinetslet alone prepare meals. It was in-
credibly frustrating, he says. Today, however, Peck
lives in a house built by the Stephen Siller Tunnel
to Towers Foundation that was designed to serve
his individual needs. Now 28, he has a bathroom
with a bidet, so he can use it solo, and can adjust
lighting, sound and even the height of his kitchen
cabinets by tapping a tablet. To be sure, there are
plenty of issues his home wont solve. I cant put
shampoo into my hair or put shorts on by myself,
he says. And unloading the dishwasher is nearly
impossible, even when hes wearing prosthetics.
But Peck draws hope from a potential double-arm
transplantand his November wedding to ance
Stacy Elwood. For now, he says, my house makes
the little things easier. O.W.
C U S T O M
G A MI N G
C O N T R O L L E R
When he lost his limbs,
Peck had to give up a
lot of his old hobbies,
including surng,
swimming and working
on cars. But thanks
to this apparatus
built by one of his
friendshes still able
to play video games
like Watch Dogs by
pressing levers with
his leg (to move) and
biting a raised button
(to shoot). Its a way
to mellow, he says.
E A S Y - O P E N D O O R S
Peck inputs a code to automatically open the exterior
doors of his house. I dont have to push against them
with my wheelchair anymore, he says.

T H E S M A R T H O ME I S H U M A N
H I L D A B R U N WA S S E R S MI N D F U L H O ME
S A N F R A N C I S C O
A 79-year-old woman living alone
with Parkinsons disease, Brunwas-
ser understands why her son Mat-
thew worries about her well-being.
But I couldnt afford a home
aide, she says of the service that
can cost thousands per week.
So they compromised on Lively, a
$40 system of sensorsattached
to her pillbox, key chain and
morethat alert her loved ones to
irregularities in her schedule. (The
cellular transmitting service costs
$25 per month.) Recently, she
forgot to take a couple of doses of
medicine, so a neighbor stopped
by to get me back on track. And
while sensors can be less reliable
than people, Brunwasser appreci-
ates that her son no longer nags
her about her safety. Now we
can talk about everyday life ... or
discuss my plans to adopt a dog.
Alexandra Sifferlin
72
I AN ALLEN FOR TI ME

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T H E S M A R T H O ME I S H U M A N
74 I AN ALLEN FOR TI ME (3)

L U I S G I U R I A S
A C T I V E H O ME
B R O N X
Like many other people living in Americas
poorest neighborhoods, Giuria, a South
Bronx native, grew up at risk for obesity.
He ate junk food (it was cheap) and avoid-
ed playgrounds (the equipment was under-
maintained and dangerous) and gyms (he
was never taught the importance of exer-
cise). By the time he was 27, he weighed
almost 400 lb. (180 kg). It was awful,
he says. I sprained my ankles, I couldnt
buy clothes, and I didnt sleep well. His
brother eventually took him to a nearby t-
ness center, where he learned to use the
elliptical. (It was so weirdI did it back-
ward for a while.) But to really get healthy,
Giuria knew he needed a lifestyle make-
over. Thats when he learned about Arbor
House, a $37.7 million, 120,000-sq.-ft.
(11,150 sq m) low-income housing project
going up a few blocks from his then resi-
dence. The new site emphasized active
design, an increasingly popular style of
architecture thats meant to encourage
physical activity. (Think visible stairwells
and bright, inviting indoor-outdoor gyms.)
He immediately applied for residency and
moved in last June. Now 30, Giuria has
continued to lose weighthes almost
down to 200 lb. (90 kg)by running and
playing alongside his wife and three kids
(including Xzavier, right). This will make it
second nature to them to be healthy, he
says. It wont be foreign to them like it
was for me. A.S.
R O O F T O P F A R M
To help improve eating
habits, Arbor House
offers its roof rent-free
to Sky Vegetables,
an urban-agriculture
company that sells
or donates 40% of
its produce to nearby
shops and farmers
markets. Building
and neighborhood
residents can sign up
to receive fresh fruits
and vegetables; the
program is seeking
approval to accept
food stamps.
K I D D I E G Y M
Playground apparatuses like swing blocks, above,
are meant to get kids excited about exercise
even if they dont know theyre doing it.

Photographs by Peter Funch for TIME
G R E E N H O U S E
This home, part of an energy experiment
in the Mueller community, generates
some 75% of the power it uses
E N E R G Y - S A V I N G
I N S U L A T I O N
C O O L I N G
O V E R H A N G
A D J . O P E R A T I N G WI T H L I T T L E O R N O WA S T E
T H E S M A R T H O ME I S N O. 4

MODE L
CI T I Z E NS
A C O MMU N I T Y I N A U S T I N
T R A C K S E V E R Y WAT T O F
E N E R G Y I T U S E S S O T H E R E S T
O F U S C A N L I V E S MA R T E R
dan mcatee and laura spoors utility
bill last year came to $631. Thats not bad
considering the average annual electric bill
in Austin, the Texas capital, is more than
$1,000, largely because air-conditioning
may be the only thing locals love more than
barbecue. But its even more impressive once
you realize the bill actually came to negative
$631. The solar panels on their roof mean
McAtee and Spoor produce more electricity
than they consume. We got the biggest sys-
tem we could get, says McAtee, pointing to
the array of panels laid atop their one-story
home like domino tiles. Now weve got
what you might call overgeneration.
B Y B R Y A N WA L S H
C O MMU N I T Y -
F A C I N G P O R C H
P O W E R F U L
S O L A R P A N E L S

But while the solar panels stand out
such arrays are rare in Texaswhat real-
ly sets McAtee and Spoors home apart
cant be seen at all. Smart circuits are
tracking their electricity use on a minute-
by- minute and appliance-by- appliance
basis, providing a running record of how
power ows through their home. On his
computer, McAtee opens a website that
shows in near real time the rise and fall
of their electricity use over the months.
When Spoor opens the refrigerator to get
a pitcher of lemonade, the readings spike
for a moment, reecting the extra watts
consumed as the appliance compensates
for the rush of warmer air. You can liter-
ally see when a lightbulb is turned on,
says McAtee, 73, who spent years as an
engineer at IBM before his retirement.
These insights come courtesy of Pecan
Street Inc., a research group running the
most extensive energy- tracking study
in U.S. history (backed in part by the
Department of Energy). Its ground zero
is Mueller, a planned green community
in Austin where hundreds of households
have signed up to have their electricity
use monitored on a granular level. Re-
searchers track when and why Muellers
residents consume power and how fast-
growing new technologieslike solar
panels, connected appliances and electric
carsare affecting the grid. (Thanks in
part to an incentive program, Mueller has
more electric vehicles per capita than any
other U.S. neighborhood.)
had little incentive to maximize efciency.
They made money according to how much
power they sold, not how much they saved.
That made for a grid that was inherently
less stable; during blackouts, utilities often
didnt know which consumers had lost
power until they called to complain.
That began to change about ve years
ago as progressive utilitiesaided by bil-
lions of dollars in stimulus funding from
the new Obama Administrationstarted
to install smart meters, two-way devices
that can track electricity use at least
once an hour. Today there are more than
40 million in use, part of a larger national
effort to make the U.S. electrical grid bet-
ter able to prevent events like the North-
east blackout of 2003, in which more than
50 million people temporarily lost power.
The Pecan Street devices are even
smarter than smart meters, recording
data from different appliances essentially
in real time. At any given moment, the
Pecan Street engineerswho work in
partnership with the University of Texas
and local utility Austin Energyknow
exactly how much electricity their sub-
jects are using and how that use changes
in response to the time of day, weather
patterns, even uctuations in power
price. (They dont know who is using the
power, though; all household data is anon-
ymous.) Its by far the most aggressive
[data- collection] project that I know of,
said Ernest Moniz, U.S. Energy Secretary,
during a visit to Pecan Street in February.
78
That kind of data is unprecedented in
the electricity industry, whose essentials
have remained largely unchanged since
1882, when Thomas Edison opened Amer-
icas rst commercial power plant. The Pe-
can Street team is already using it to upend
long-held theories about electricity use and
test provocative new distribution methods,
which could make our power cleaner and
cheaper. With U.S. demand for electric-
ity projected to rise at least 30% over the
next 30 years, the methods it pioneers
may be our best shot at avoiding a future
full of brownouts, blackouts and sky-high
energy bills. Mueller is the community
of the near future, says Suzanne Russo,
chief operating ofcer at Pecan Street. But
everything were learning is going to be ap-
plicable to every community in America.
to get why pecan street and mueller
are so special, its important to understand
how data-poor the electricity business has
been for most of its existence. Until just
a few years ago, power utilities had two
basic functions: to make sure they could
meet the highest level of demand at any
given momentin Texas, thats usually
an afternoon in the late summer, when
people start blasting their AC as soon as
they arrive home from workand to
estimate how much electricity people use
every month, a.k.a. the kilowatt- hours that
show up on a utility bill. Beyond that, they
P
E
T
E
R

F
U
N
C
H

F
O
R

T
I
M
E

S U P E R -
C H A R G E D
The perks of using
Muellers extra-smart
electricity meters
Already, the numbers have challenged
some conventional wisdom about solar
power, which is becoming increasingly
popular in the U.S. For years, experts
assumed that panels should face south
in order to catch the most total sunlight
and produce the most power. But Pecan
Street found that its better for the grid if
they face west. That way, theyre catch-
ing the most sunlight and generating
the most electricity at the very moment
in late afternoon when power usage is
highest and utilities often bring pollut-
ing, expensive peaker plants online
to prevent brownouts. Since those costs
get passed on to consumers, more solar
panelsused more effectivelyshould
mean lower bills for everyone.
Pecan Street has dismissed long-
standing objections to electric cars as
well. As more drivers buy them, utilities
have expressed concern that they will
all start charging at the same time (after
work, in tandem with AC use), creating
a massive strain on the grid. But that
hasnt been the case in Mueller, where
most people have opted for overnight, off-
peak chargingespecially if their utility
makes it cheaper to do so. Pecan Street
engineers are even testing a system that
would enable electric cars to store excess
solar power during the day and use it at
night to power your home for free. It
really shows the value of having a smart
home, says Jim Robertson, another
participant in the Mueller project.
time July 714, 2014 79
of course, the rest of america may
never realize Muellers vision for the fu-
ture. Solar power wont work as well in
cold, cloudy states like Alaska, for example.
And not every consumer will be as open
to micro- monitoring or surge pricing as
the ones who live in Mueller, even if it will
ultimately save them money. Pecan Street
is an innovative project, says Jerry Jack-
son, director of the Smart Grid Research
Consortium. But right now I dont think
theres a broad scope of consumers who are
that interested in this technology.
Yet in a world thats becoming ever
more dependent on a clean, steady supply
of electricityconsider life without your
iPhone or laptopeveryone has a stake
in building a more efcient grid. And the
status quo wont change unless there are
metrics to prove that it should.
In that vein, Pecan Street is expand-
ing its study to other cities, including
San Diego and Boulder, Colo. In May, the
White House introduced an initiative
to make energy data much more widely
availabletwo months after Pecan Street
made its own database freely available on-
line. Its our chance to build the utility of
the future, says Kara Mertz, who is man-
aging the Boulder Pecan Street project.
All of which means we may soon be
living in a world where everyone likes
their energy bills as much as Muellers
McAtee. Saving the environment is
good, he says. But nancially viable
thats good too. n
L O W E R B I L L S
Real-time feedback helps
consumers in Mueller
identify which appliances
suck the most power
so they can adjust their
usage habits
C L E A N E R A I R
Extra data enables the
local utility to atten out
peak electricity demand
so it doesnt have to tap
polluting peaker plants
for backup
I N S T A N T
G E N E R A T O R S
Now that they know
electric-car charging
doesnt strain the grid,
researchers are testing
technology that would
turn electric vehicles into
mobile batteries that could
power a home in a pinch

T HE SMA R T - O- ME T E R
Forget Bluetooth-enabled toothbrushes and sensor-laden egg trays. The smartest smart gadgets may be the ones that
are trying to save the worldor at least lower your energy bills. Here, we rank 10 of the most compelling contributions
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A D J . D E L I G H T I N G T H E S E N S E S A N D MI N D
T H E S M A R T H O ME I S
Photograph by Luuk Kramer
N O. 5

A M S T E R D A M
T HE F L OAT I NG HOME S
viewed from above, this resi-
dential complex in East Amster-
dam looks a lot like any other
waterfront community. There
are rows of gleaming, multilevel
houses and kids toys lying about.
There are lawn chairs on balco-
nies and vehicles parked near en-
trances. And on special occasions,
residents host parties for their
friends and neighbors.
But theres one key difference:
everything here is oating.
Since late 2009, developers
have tugged prefabricated homes
through a series of canal locks
and into a corner of IJ Lake in Am-
sterdams IJburg neighborhood,
where they have formed one of the
most ambitious housing projects
ever created. Waterbuurt, as its
called, is a collection of 75 build-
ings designed to prove that regular
peoplethere are roughly 1,000
residents of various ages and in-
come levelscan live comfortably

84
on the water. People think, Oh, its
much easier to build on land, says
Marlies Rohmer, one of the lead archi-
tects. But we have knowledge now to
build in different circumstances.
The experiment is less esoteric than
it sounds. Experts predict that climate
change will cause sea levels to rise 3 ft.
(0.9 m) or more by 2100, putting hun-
dreds of low-lying citiesincluding
Bangkok, London and Miamiat risk of
massive and permanent ooding. Faced
with that reality, urban planners say, lo-
cal ofcials have a choice: force residents
off valuable coastal land, like Miami
Beach, or accommodate the rising waters
using dikes, sea gates and oating (or am-
phibious) structures.
The urban population is growing
exponentially, and the seas are chang-
ing, says Michael Sorkin, an architect
and director of the urban- design gradu-
ate program at City College of New York.
We need to think of living in all kinds
of new conditions.
The Netherlands is uniquely qualied
to offer solutions that oat. Because
more than two-thirds of the population
lives below sea level, the country has
spent billions keeping water at bay and
is widely regarded as the worlds leading
source for ood-proof architecture. In
the past 20 years, local builders have
erected a parking garage that doubles
as a water basin during surges, a set
of domed exhibition pavilions in the
middle of Rotterdams old harbor and
a pair of pivoting sea gates, called the
Maeslantkering, that together are twice
as long as the Eiffel Tower is tall. We
are used to building on water, says
Rohmer, who has lived on a houseboat
in Rotterdam. Its our nature. If
Waterbuurt succeedsand early signs
indicate it willthe rest of the world
may well follow in its wake.
as you might expect, the idea for
Amsterdams oating city was born
during a land shortage. More specically,
local contractors were running out of
affordable land to develop in the early
90sthe existing neighborhoods
were too dense, and everything else
was underwaterjust as the citys
population was starting to boom. So
ofcials greenlighted the construction
of a new urban district, meant to house
some 45,000 people, that would sit
atop articial islands (much as parts of
Chicago and Boston, among other cities,
sit on lled-in land).
Then the ofcials did something
wholly unconventional: they zoned the
water itself near one of the islands for
an experimental housing development.
There city ofcials hoped to take Am-
sterdams storied tradition of houseboat
livingabout 2,300 converted barges
oat along the capitals canalsand
reimagine it as a contemporary commu-
nity. By 2001, the chosen developer had
laid out rough designs for what would
become the worlds largest planned
oating city. It would be called Water-
buurt, or water quarter. But crucial
questions remained: Who would design
the homes, and how would they actu-
ally work?
Thats when Rohmer, then a budding
architect and technical engineer advis-
ing on the IJburg project, was tapped to
join the team. The developers had a lot
of courage to give the commission to an
inexperienced architect, she says. But I
was very enthusiastic about doing some-
thing so new and different. I didnt think
it was at all impossible.
The challenges, however, immediate-
ly became clear. Although ofcials had
signed off on water-based construction,
they hadnt modied city emergency
codes. That meant that despite being
surrounded by water, any house Rohmer
built had to be able to connect to the re
brigades land-based waterpump system
and include a traditional re escape.
Moreover, there was the issue of trans-
portation. The homes were set to be built
at a shipyard about 40 miles (65 km) north
T H E S M A R T H O ME I S B E A U T I F U L
1

time July 714, 2014 85
Theres no one way to
build a oating home, so
architects and residents
around the world are
experimenting with pro-
vocative new techniques.
A sampling of their most
innovative designs:
B E S T O F
T H E R E S T
of IJ Lake, then tugged though canal locks
that were fairly narrowmeaning home
widths couldnt exceed 21 ft. (6.5 m). It
was all tricky, says Rohmer, but we
found ways to make it work.
Compared with those snags, Roh-
mers main taskmaking the houses
buoyantwas the simplest. Much like
boats, a home will oat safely as long as
its base is sealed, hollow and large enough
to displace a set amount of water. With
that in mind, Rohmer designed the Wa-
terbuurt buildings atop airtight concrete
tubs designed to submerge no more than
half a story. (The only way one might sink
is if an object pierced a tub, but the walls
are too strong for such a thing to happen
by chance, Rohmer says.) To ensure that
the homes dont drift away or into one an-
other, theyre anchored to the lake bed by
steel mooring poles.
Residents, who began moving in
shortly after the rst structures were
completed in 2009, were impressed. It
helped, of course, that some of them
were boaters who were excited they
could nally oat home on a whim. But
others were regular city dwellers who
were willing to pay a 10% premium to
settle in a burgeoning neighborhood
with its own natural swimming area (in
summer) and skating rink (in winter).
When I visited, I really felt this holiday
feeling, says Leo Noordergraaf, who
lives in Waterbuurt with his family. I
said, Lets do this.
Today the oating community is as
densely populated as downtown Am-
sterdam, and other cities have expressed
interest in similar projects.
It remains unclear if these develop-
ments will work outside the Netherlands.
As Harvard architecture professor Felipe
Correa explains, humans are inherently
more comfortable living on land because
it seems more permanent. Thats why
water building is usually more a reactive
solutionsuch as when New York City
drew up a $20 billion plan to build ood
walls and more after Hurricane Sandy
than a proactive one.
But Rohmer hopes the success of
Waterbuurt, alongside less structured
oating communities in places like
Seattle and Sausalito, Calif., will start
to change the tide. Already she has been
selected to build another housing devel-
opment on the Thames in London, and
she has elded inquiries from Singapore
and South Korea (though projects there
have yet to materialize). Meanwhile,
in Helsinki, another rm is on track to
make 40 homes oat in the Finnish capi-
tals former industrial port. Its not the
solution to every urban water problem,
says Rohmer. But for cities facing rapid
climate change, it may eventually be the
one that sticks. Noah Rayman
Exbury, England
1 . T H E E G G H O ME
Artist Stephen Turner has
spent almost a year living
aboard the experimental
dwelling he built, which
oats along southern
Englands Beaulieu River.
Its wooden exterior is
tethered to the shore like
a boat and houses a bed,
worktable, kitchen and
bathroom.
Designed by Vietnam-
based H&P Architects as
an affordable concept
home for villagers in
some of the countrys
most ood-prone
regionsit costs just
$2,500 to buildit has
a bottom layer that can
be lled with empty oil
drums that allow it to
oat in wet conditions
while steel beams keep
it anchored.
2 . T H E B A MB O O
H O ME
Vietnam
This two-story struc-
ture, designed by the
architecture rm MOS, is
connected to a privately
owned islandwhich is
a 20-minute boat ride
from the mainlandby
a bridge from the top
oor. It oats on steel
pontoons, which al-
low it to rise and fall
with the water level of
Lake Huron. N.R.
3 . T H E I S L A N D
H O ME
Ontario, Canada
2 3
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M

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T H E P O P - U P H O ME
L I M P O P O , S O U T H A F R I C A
So many people dont own the land theyre liv-
ing on, says veteran architect Doug Sharp of the
millions around the world squatting in informal
settlements like refugee camps. They dont build
permanent living spaces partly because they know
they may eventually be displaced. But what if their
homes could go with them? Thats the thinking
behind the Abod (pronounced abode), a versatile
housing structure that Sharp conceived for people
who cant afford to settle. Its sturdy (thanks to the
reinforced catenary-arch design), its affordable
(one unit costs $2,400, though some of that may
well be subsidized), and it can be assembledand
disassembledby several people in less than a
day. Sharps team has already built 20 Abods in
Limpopo, mostly for kids and teens who have lost
their parents to AIDS and may have to move in the
future. Other projects are in the works for Ghana
and Zambia. Belinda Luscombe
T H E H E A L I N G
H O ME
B U R E R A , R WA N D A
In remote Burera, roughly half the
homes are made from mud-covered
tree trunks, and only 4% have electric-
ity. Its not surprising, then, that even
a new hospital couldnt attract and
retain the best doctors, says Alan
Ricks, co-founder of Mass Design
Group, which helped build the facility
in 2011 to combat tuberculosis and
malnutrition. So Mass went back to
workthis time on Healing Hill, a
community of 10 earthquake-proof,
electrically wired homes (partly
funded, like the hospital, by the Rwan-
dan government) that were designed
to retain medical talent. It also taught
locals how to use nearby lava rock to
better insulate their own dwellings.
Today the Burera hospital has eight
full-time doctors and plans to open an
outpatient cancer center, the rst in
rural East Africa. B.L.
86
T H E S M A R T H O ME I S B E A U T I F U L

T H E C O MMU N A L
H O ME
R I K U Z E N T A K A T A , J A P A N
When their homes were destroyed
by the 2011 tsunami, many resi-
dents of Rikuzentakata, a coastal
shing city, had to move into emer-
gency shelters that were incred-
ibly smalljust a prefab container
for sleeping with a tiny, tiny living
room, says photographer Iwan
Baan, who visited Japan and docu-
mented the effects of the disaster.
There was nowhere to relax, enter-
tain or foster a sense of community.
So Toyo Ito, the Pritzker Prize
winning architect, gathered a team
to create the Home-for-All concept:
a gathering space that could serve
as a communal living room. Today,
the Rikuzentakata Home-for-All
built in part from local trees killed
by the ood of seawateris a hang-
out for kids after school, among
other functions. Similar structures
have been built in nearby tsunami-
affected areas such as Heita and
Miyato Island. Lily Rothman
T H E B R E A T H I N G H O ME
M I L A N
In trafc-heavy, mountain-ringed Milan, the toxic smog is so bad that some
reports have pegged the city as the pollution capital of Europe. But that
may start to change, thanks in part to the Bosco Verticale, a two-tower
apartment complex that head architect Stefano Boeri calls an experiment
of cohabitation between trees and people. When the building opens to
residents in November, the balconies will support a forests worth of air-
ltering oraroughly 800 trees, 5,000 shrubs and 11,000 perennials
that also help control the climate: units that get more sunlight, for example,
are given deciduous trees, which shade windows during summer (with
leaves) and allow more sun during winter (without them). Charlotte Alter
CLOCKWI SE FROM TOP LEF T: BSB DESI GN (2) ; I WAN BAAN (4)

Dont miss this weeks People Magazine. In stores now.
Hollywood

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THEATER
Clowning Around
MOVIES
Drive-By Boozing
After losing her job, her car and her
marriage, the title character of
Tammy (Melissa McCarthy) takes
a much needed vacation and
embarks on a soul-searching,
hijinks-lled road trip with her
alcoholic grandmother, played by
Susan Sarandon (right). Hit the
road with them July 2.
MUSIC
Brits With Hits
After teaming up for this years
Someday World, ambient-music
pioneer Brian Eno and Karl
Hyde, front man of U.K. techno
duo Underworld, couldnt wait to
make another recordso they
didnt. Their second joint effort,
High Life (out July 1), drops
several weeks after their rst.
TELEVISION
Lonely Hearts
Based on Tom Perrottas best-
selling novel of the same name,
HBO drama The Leftovers stars
Justin Theroux as a police ofcer
in a small town that, three years
later, is still trying to process the
rapture-like disappearance of 2%
of its population. Join the mourn-
ing on June 29.
After traveling to
Italy, France and
Greece last year,
the show makes
its U.S. debut
June 2229
The Culture
'll +JU l/\L /CCLl/|CL lJR L\LR+ll|C, +JU'RL l| / lJSllJ| Jl l//llUl lRLLLJl.' PAGE 90
THE WEEK
ROBIN THICKE
TRIES TO GET HER
BACK
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By Nolan Feeney

Photograph by Sebastian Kim for TIME
PUFF PIECE
Koons with an inat-
able rabbit of the kind
he used in some of
his earliest exhibited
readymades
The Culture
jeff koons studio, a building that occu-
pies a quarter block on Manhattans West Side,
is a bit like a mad scientists laboratory. In
one white-walled room after another, Koons
and his staff of about 130 work on a dozen or
more projects simultaneously. Some comb
the Internet, which is where Koons tends to
nd the images he knits together via software
into paintings his assistants execute under his
supervision. Statues in progressa classical
gure in stainless steel, a pink ballerinaface
off in a room where Koons and his assistants
fetishize every surface. To produce the latest
generation of his mighty playthings, those
scaled-up riffs on balloon animals, heaps of
Play-Doh and the Incredible Hulk, Koons uses
3-D digital scanning and computer-controlled
manufacturing. His studio has even developed
its own steel alloy. To him its all about his
favorite topic: his earnest relationship to his
audience. You dont care about the object. Its
just an object, he says. But spending time
on the details is a metaphor for the care and
attention you give the viewer.
With his perennial expression of childlike
awe, can Koons really be 59 this year? No one
except Pee-wee Herman and Michael Jackson
has spent more of his career luxuriating in the
world of childhood while also inhabiting a
parallel universe of adult sexuality. From the
time he rst started exhibiting in 1980, when
he was 25, Koons was arts eternal man-boy, an
impression that his subsequent lifetime of
work, all those balloon dogs and pool toys, has
done nothing to discourage. So are we ready
for him to become one of the grand old men of
American art? Its like hearing that Howdy
Doody just got his AARP card.
But it must be true, because Koons is nally
being accorded that key signier of art-world
ascendancya full-career survey show in
New York City. It comes surprisingly late in
his career, but as compensation its so large
that the Whitney Museum of American Art is
emptying most of its exhibition oors to con-
tain it. Jeff Koons: A Retrospective continues
there through Oct. 19, then moves to the Pom-
pidou Center in Paris and the Guggenheim
Museum in Bilbao, Spain. Im really excited
about the show, he says. I hope my work will
reach a new generation of artists, people who
feel theyre familiar with it but havent actual-
ly experienced it. Ive had very few exhibitions
in the United States.
Thats not quite right. Koons has had any
number of gallery shows in the U.S. but few
solo museum exhibitions. Thats partly a
reection of the difculty of gathering his im-
mense works together. But it also might stem
from an ambivalence in parts of the museum
world about coronating the guy whose work
revolves around Popeye and plastic kittens
yet can cost more than a Hamptons estate.
Last November, Koons achieved the record
auction price for a living artist when someone
paid $58.4 million at Christies in Manhattan
for Balloon Dog (Orange), a 10-ft.-high (3 m)
stainless-steel sculpture that manages to be
sweet, mesmerizing and slightly intimidat-
ing, a monumental equestrian statue for
an unheroic age. But Koons hates it when
people focus on his prices. Its not about the
money, he says. As a young artist I wanted
to be engaged in the excitement of making art
and sharing ideas. And that hasnt changed
thats what the art world represents to me.
Show Me the Bunny
As he closes in on 60,
Jeff Koons nally gets
his really big show
By Richard Lacayo



time July 714, 2014 93
The Culture
|
Art
of Marcel Duchamp and his ready-
mades, objectsa urinal, a bottle rack, a
shovelthat Duchamp designated as art
simply because he chose them. In school
Koons had been interested in Surreal-
ism, and his student work drew on his
fantasies and dreams, but by his early 20s
he wanted to go beyond his interior life.
You want to get outside yourself and af-
fect how others feel, he says. The ready-
made for me was a way to move from a
subjective to an objective realm.
He started by buying inatable owers
and bunnies, which he mounted on mir-
rors. By 1980 he had upgraded to bigger,
shinier objects, encasing pristine vacu-
ums and oor polishers in clear acrylic
boxes lit with uorescent tubes. This was
the household appliance as revered ob-
ject, spotlighted to isolate its newness, a
key to its mystique as merchandise.
Top-of-the-line carpet cleaners cost a
lot more than vinyl bunnies. To nance
his new work, Koons took a job selling
mutual funds. Even so, he went broke
and moved in with his parents, who had
retired to Florida. A few months later he
relaunched himself in New York, this
time selling commodities while he as-
sembled his rst solo gallery exhibition,
a 1985 show called Equilibrium built
around notions of oating, sinking and
basketball. Its signature works were the
Total Equilibrium Tanks, blue-glass aquari-
ums that held one or more basketballs
submerged in the precise combination
of distilled water and saltwater that kept
them suspended in the center of the tank.
Though they borrowed ideas from Pop art
and minimalism, these were some of the
oddest objects ever produced under the
rubric of sculpturebeautiful, strange
and vaguely human. As Koons likes to
point out, each basketball is like an em-
bryo in the womb.
In his next phase, Koons began casting
sculpture out of stainless steel, the luxu-
ry material of the proletariat as he once
called it. Rabbit was a silver balloon toy
painstakingly reproduced in mirrorlike
steel, with curves that quoted the silhou-
ettes of a Brancusi sculpture. Elevating
kitsch objects into museum-quality work
would become his signature practice and
the basis for his next show, Banality,
in 1988, which transformed Koons into
a true phenomenon as well as the whip-
ping boy for the showmanship of the
80s art world. He collaborated with craft
studios in Italy and Germany, with wood
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ONE BALL TOTAL
EQUILIBRIUM TANK, 1985
A basketball as enigmatic
totem, magically aoat
RABBIT, 1986
An inatable toy trans-
lated into mirror-surface
stainless steel
MICHAEL JACKSON AND
BUBBLES, 1988
The pop star and his chimp,
rendered bigger than life,
as a secular Piet
NEW HOOVER CONVERT-
IBLES GREEN, BLUE
DOUBLE DECKER, 198187
The shock of the new
Endearing but enigmatic dogs turn up
often in Koons work. His most famous is
Puppy, from 1992, a 40-ft.-tall (12 m) terrier
made from thousands of live owering
plants. A work so purely gratifying it all
but salivates, it could have been made
only by Koons, who in conversation is
so anxious to ingratiate that you half ex-
pect him to wag his tail. His odd but not
unappealing self-presentation, a lifelong
work of performance art in itself, is a
compound of militant cheer, apparently
guileless manner and loopy-oracular
musings, with frequent but not always
lucid references to the eternal and
Platos cave. Yet for all his canine longing
to be loved, to reach the largest possible
audience, Koons work leaves a lot of
people unmoved: too puerile, too cheer-
fully aimed at mass taste and too much
in tune with the rise of juvenile formats
in 21st century culturecomic books,
fantasy ction, Japanese anime. For a lot
of people (Im one) the high sugar content
of his art means it works only when it car-
ries adult contradictions within it, a trace
element of irony or a glimpse of the angel
of death. And then theres the problem of
Koons as symbol and leading indicator of
the runaway commercialization of art.
Bynow hes won over every billionaire
collector. But he knows that the response
to the Whitney retrospective will tell how
much hes won over the skeptical quarters
of opinionto say nothing of whether
the skeptics even matter anymore.
Birth of a Salesman
koons grew up in york, pa., an old
industrial city where his father owned a
furniture store and did interior decorat-
ing. In the catalog to this retrospective,
Scott Rothkopf, the Whitney curator who
organized the show, suggests that the
future artist may have learned about the
power of objects from the model living
rooms in his fathers store. Koons concurs.
I learned aesthetics through my dad,
he says. How different textures, images
and combinations of things could affect
the way you feel. By his teens Koons was
a salesman himself, happily peddling
wares like ribbons and gift wrap door to
door. After passing through art school in
Baltimore and Chicago, he headed to New
York in 1977 and found himself selling
again, this time memberships at the Mu-
seum of Modern Art. Decked out in big
bow ties and oral vests, he outperformed
the rest of the sales staff by large margins.
At MOMA, Koons became more aware

94 time July 714, 2014
The Culture
|
Art
carvers and ceramic and porcelain art-
ists, to produce 20 giant versions of tacky
knickknacks: a half-naked woman being
hugged by the Pink Panther, a Cabbage
Patch Kid in a bib and a larger-than-life
gilt porcelain of Michael Jackson cradling
his chimp Bubblesall designed by
Koons but in the generic idioms of gift-
shop novelties.
Pop artists like Claes Oldenburg had
made scaled-up specimens of mass cul-
ture before, but usually with tongue in
cheek, holding the mass-produced world
at a remove. Not Koons. He was unapolo-
getically in love with it, and he still insists
that his lowbrow imagery helps viewers
shed embarrassment at nding pleasure
in trashy stuff. By removing anxiety,
you can really have everything in play,
he says. If you have acceptance for every-
thing, youre in a position of maximum
freedom. Or as Andy Warhol once said,
Pop art is about liking things.
Whether most people really feel shame
about the pleasure they take from the
otsam of pop culture is an open ques-
tion. But to enjoy Koons you dont have
to believe that hierarchies of taste are
obstacles to human happiness, any more
than you have to accept the divine right
of kings before you can enjoy Van Dycks
lush portraits of Charles I. All the same,
Koons knew that urging people to shed
what you might call judgment and dis-
crimination would get him in trouble.
He decided to strike a pre-emptive blow
by placing ads in four art magazines bra-
zenly featuring himself as an evangelist
of kitsch and a would-be leader of the art
world. In one he sidled up to an actual pig
while cradling a little piglet in one arm.
I thought I would call myself a pig, he
says, before anyone else could.
Banality was a huge nancial success
and got no worse than mixed-positive
critical reaction. It was his next effort that
turned out to be a huge stumble. Koons
came across a photograph of Ilona Staller,
a Hungarian-born porn actress known as
La Cicciolina (the little dumpling), who
was alsowhy not?a sitting member of
the Italian Parliament. Intrigued, he re-
cruited her to appear with him in an art-
project billboard for an imagined lm,
Made in Heaven. The lm never got made,
but Koons and Staller plunged into an im-
probable marriage that he commemorat-
ed in a series of XXX-rated sculptures and
oil paintings in which they engaged in
sex every which way. Granted, there were
cartoonish topless babes in the Banality
series, but explicit sexfeaturing him-
self, no lesswasnt what people were
prepared to accept from the guy who
made giant teddy bears. Though the work
resonated with Koons beliefs about shed-
ding guilteven now he says it was
about acceptance and accepting ones
selfit made a lot of people shudder.
Also, it was hard to sell.
There was worse to come. In 1992 the
marriage of Koons and Staller, which
would soon disintegrate, produced a son,
Ludwig. Though American courts award-
ed custody to Koons, Staller took the child
to Italy, ensnaring Koons in years of large-
ly futile court battles to get him back. But
Koons anguish over their separation led
him into one of the most fruitful episodes
of his career, the decade-long Celebration
series, sculpture and paintings built
around happy things: a slice of cake, a
pile of Play-Doh, the famous balloon dogs.
Koons hoped his son would someday see
them as evidence that his father never
stopped thinking about him.
The expense and difculty of fabricat-
ing those works to Koons notoriously
demanding standards also brought him
to the edge of bankruptcy, but the
struggle, now long behind him, was
worth it. Though the paintings are rarely
as interesting as the James Rosenquist
Pop art they owe so much to, and though
his efforts in granite are dead on arrival,
some of Koons sculpture of the past two
decades is impossible to refuse. You dont
need to agree that a giant polyethylene cat
is as gratifying as the Belvedere Apollo to be
transxed by his giant polyethylene cat.
You also dont need to agree that his work
routinely touches upon large questions of,
as he puts it, what the human experience
is, what it means, what it can be, so long
as he pulls off feats of material glory like
his aluminum mountain of Play-Doh.
Even as he heads into his 60s, we can
count on Koons to stay in touch with his
inner child. In 2002 he married Justine
Wheeler, an artist who worked in his
studio, and today they have six young chil-
dren. Their principal residence is in Man-
hattan, but they spend most weekends
with the kids on an 800-acre (320hectare)
farm near York. It used to belong to Koons
maternal grandparents but went out of
the family until he repurchased it in 2005.
Ever since, hes been restoring it to match
his youthful memoriesa world where he
can be a child among his children. n
LOOPY, 1999
Koons uses software to
create images that his
assistants execute in paint
AMORE, 1988
Koons porcelain
reimagining of a Cabbage
Patch Kid doll
MADE IN HEAVEN, 1989
Koons and his rst wife,
porn actress Ilona Staller,
in the billboard that rst
brought them together
BALLOON DOG (YELLOW),
19942000
Koons orange version of
this big dog sold at auction
last year for $58.4 million
O
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The Culture
96 time July 714, 2014
he didnt plan it this way,
but Roger Eberts life contained
as much melodrama, tragedy
and uplift as any weepie movie
he reviewed. As a lm critic
and TV host, Ebert was prob-
ably Americas most famous
journalist. And in his last seven
years, as he battled cancer of
the thyroid and salivary glands
and lost his lower jaw, depriv-
ing this nonstop raconteur of
his preternatural gift of gab, he
found a more eloquent voice on
his computer. In brilliant blog
posts and his 2011 memoir Life
Itself, he chronicled his brave,
dogged ght against an awful
fate. He died April 4, 2013, at 70.
The books title, a twist on
Franklin Roosevelts fear
itself speechas in, we have
nothing to live but life itself
is equally apt for Steve James
new documentary. It traces
Eberts career from his grade-
school days (when he wrote,
published and delivered his
own neighborhood paper) to
his early renown as a Pulitzer-
winning reviewer at the Chica-
go Sun-Timeshis home for 46
yearsand how he changed
from a heavy drinker to an ex-
drinker by joining AA in 1979.
James, whose pearly rsu-
m includes Hoop Dreams and
The Interrupters, inevitably
focuses on Eberts grueling,
inspiring cancer battle. He
lmed in the nal months of
Rogers life and at the funeral.
As a friend of Eberts since
the 70s and one of James
Thumbs Up
For Roger
The late, great
critic gets his
own lm doc
By Richard Corliss
interview subjects, I must
excuse myself from review-
ing the lm. Ill just say that
any biographical documen-
tary demands onscreen star
qualitythe compelling ap-
peal of the movies subject
and this one has a hero and
a heroine worth rooting for:
Roger, energized and liberated
by his siege, and his wife Chaz
Hammelsmith, who in their
23 years together gave Roger
nothing less than life itself.
Eberts chief sparring
partner was Gene Siskel,
with whom he fronted the TV
review show variously called
Sneak Previews and Siskel &
the bad guy and the fat guy,
with its thumbs-up or -down
reviews, helped democratize
serious criticism by spotlight-
ing indie lms for the mass
TV audienceas directors
Martin Scorsese, Errol Morris
and Werner Herzog gratefully
attest in James movie.
Early in the lming, Roger,
speaking through a com-
puter voice, tells James, Ill
do the jokes here and directs
the director to shoot yourself
in the mirror. Toward the
end, his reserves failing, Roger
must reply to James request
for still more quotes with a
feeble I cant. Cheers. R.
The next planned surgery,
in early 2013, would be one
too many for Roger. Chaz says
he told her, Ive had a beauti-
ful life, and death is a part
of life. And Im ready to go,
and you must let me go. This
strong woman nally acceded
to her stalwart mans wishes.
Something came over me,
she tells James. Roger calls it
a wind of peace. She played
a Dave Brubeck number;
music lled the room, and all
those present held hands. I
have never seen anything so
beautiful and so serene, Chaz
recalls. He looked young,
he looked happyand those
warm hands . . .
Roger Eberts hands were
busy all his life: applauding
a favorite lm or signaling a
thumbs-up and, ceaselessly,
writing brisk, wise, passion-
ate journalism about cinema.
The rst line of his memoir is
I was born inside the movie
of my life. In his last years he
became the writer, director,
hero, victim and critic of a poi-
gnant movie story: his journey
to death in the company of his
beloved Chaz. Its a thrilling
tale with unforgettable char-
acters. What a shame Roger
isnt here to review it. n
Movies
Ebert & the Movies for 23 years,
until Siskels 1999 death at
53 from a brain tumor. In a
love-hate relationship with
little love, the Ebert-Siskel
banter would ourish into
rancor between Ebert and his
pugnacious colleague. Hes
an asshole, Siskels widow
Marlene Iglitzen recalls Gene
saying, but hes my asshole.
Yet this odd-couple pairing of
Ive had a beautiful life,
Ebert told his wife Chaz
toward the end, and death is
a part of life. And Im ready to
go, and you must let me go.
G
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Summer is the season weve all
been waiting for. Its 100 days
of high dives, ball games and
barbecues. Its 100 ways to dress
a burger, catch some shade or
get out of town. Its 100 chances
to clear the calendar for whats
most important.

Every two seconds this summer,
someone like you will need blood.
Donating is quick and easy and,
like all good things this time of
year, its worth celebrating.

What are your summer plans?
This summer, there are 100
chances to give hope. Choose
your day to help save three lives.
Donate blood.
Choose your day to give hope.
redcrossblood.org
days of summer.
days of hope.
100

most summers have a book of the
summer, though not all do. We had Gone
Girl in 2012, but Im not convinced 2013
had a book of the summer. Its hard to
say why it happens and why it doesnt.
Some novels, when read in hot weather,
just seem to melt and run together with
their surroundings, to the point where
afterward one can never quite think of
that summer without thinking of that
story, and vice versa.
We rarely see them coming, though af-
ter the fact it seems obvious. Of course the
summer of 1991 would go for American
Psycho, with its savage immolation of
1980s mores. Likewise it seems inevitable
now that in 2002, the summer Elizabeth
Smart was kidnapped, we should have
WI NNI NG THE
SEASON
how a book becomes the book
of the summer B Y L E V GR O S S MA N
treati se? whatever
your desti nati on, real or
do you li ke to escape the heat
i magi nary, past or future, we ve
wi th a steamy romance, a vampi re
got the season s best reads for you
thri ller or an economics
S
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S
Illustrations by Ben Wiseman for TIME

ocked en masse to the icy brilliance of
The Lovely Bones. But at the time, no one
knew. If books of the summer have some-
thing in common, its that they tend to
break rules: people pick them up because
they cant quite believe somebody actual-
ly wrote that and got away with it. Lolita
(1958) rendered skeezy pedophilia as high
art. John Updikes Couples (1968) did the
same with suburban adultery. Love Story:
the girl dies. The Lovely Bones: the girl dies
in the rst paragraph. The Name of the
Rose: OMG, I cant believe how much me-
dieval scholarship is in this book.
Its impossible to predict it in advance,
though thats what were about to try to
do, because the book of the summer is a
surprise by denition. Harry Potter and
the Deathly Hallows came out in July 2007
and sold through the roof, but it wasnt
the book of the summer because every-
body saw it coming. What really makes a
book of the summer is when we surprise
ourselves. Its not just about being fasci-
nated by a book. Its about being fascinat-
ed by the fact that were fascinated.
The Culture
J E NNI F E R WE I NE R
All Fall Down is William
S. Burroughs Junkie meets
Judy Blumes Wifey . . . and the
collision is a riveting joy ride
in a car with no brakes. All
Fall Down is Weiner, raw and
in your face. You wont be able
to look away.
4-1
L ANDLI NE
RAI NBOW
ROWELL
PROS: Keen psycho-
logical insight, irre-
pressible humor and
a supernatural twist:
a woman can call
her husband in the
past. CONS: Relative
lack of violence,
perverse sex.
5-1
ONE KI CK
CHELSEA CAI N
PROS: Child kidnap-
ping victim grows
up to become
ass-kicking vigilante
looking for other
missing children.
Boom. CONS: A
thriller but maybe
not a rule breaker.
6-1
THE QUI CK
LAUREN OWEN
PROS: Set in lovely,
lush Victorian Lon-
don. Plus: vampires,
vampires, vampires.
CONS: Owens
pacing is slow and
artfulmaybe too
slow for some.
8-1
WHI SKEY TANGO
FOXTROT
DAVI D SHAFER
PROS: Genius
techno-thriller la
Neal Stephenson,
powered by
social-media info-
conspiracy la
Dave Eggers. CONS:
Low-key romance
may not play to all
quadrants.
2-1
ONE PLUS ONE
J OJ O MOYES
PROS: Single
mom plus nerdy
millionaire equals
unlikely romance.
And theres a road
trip! CONS: Very few
killer sharks.
2-1
ALL THE LI GHT
WE CANNOT SEE
ANTHONY DOERR
PROS: Blind daugh-
ter of a locksmith
meets reluctant Nazi
engineering whiz!
What more do you
want? CONS: Com-
plex, lyrical historical
ction may not have
the necessary mass
appeal.
3-1
THE FEVER
MEGAN ABBOTT
PROS: Small-town
girls hit by mystery
syndrome. Tense,
erotically fraught,
has Gillian Flynn
blurb. CONS: Much
adolescent angst.
Are the stakes high
enough?
4-1
WE WERE LI ARS
E. LOCKHART
PROS: Rich people
on an island; sharp,
funny-sad writing;
a head-snapping
fourth-quarter
reveal. CONS: Its a
YA novel, so some
adults might pass.
WHAT
ARE T HE
ODDS?
R E AD ME !
Who better to recommend a summer
read than the author in question?
We asked six writers to blurb their
own books for the beach.
W
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I N THE
KI NGDOM
OF I CE
HAMPTON SI DES
The true story of
the U.S.S. Jeanette,
which set out for
the North Pole in
1879. The voyage
descended into
disaster, but the
crew fought on
with a heroic
determination
that recalls Laura
Hillenbrands
Unbroken (8/5)
L AND OF
LOVE AND
DROWNI NG
TI PHANI E
YANIQUE
A sprawling,
century-spanning
story of love,
family and magic
that follows the
changing for-
tunes of a ruined
family and those
of their troubled
home, the U.S.
Virgin Islands
(7/10)
J ET SET: THE
PEOPLE, THE
PL ANES, THE
GL AMOUR, AND
THE ROMANCE I N
AVI ATI ON S
GLORY YEARS
WI LLI AM STADI EM
Remember when
commercial ight
was sexy? No, you
dont. But Stadiem
does, and hes got
the cocktails, sky-
coons and sexy
stews to prove it
A WEDDI NG I N
PROVENCE
ELLEN SUSSMAN
Specically in
Cassis, where
Olivia and
Brody will tie the
knot amid the
splendors of the
Cte dAzur and
all the tensions
and drama that
weddings inspire
(7/15)
THE KI LLS
RICHARD HOUSE
A colossal
(1,024 pages)
four-part novel
of Pynchonesque
ambition that
starts with graft
among military
contractors in
Iraq and follows
the tendrils of
corruption out-
ward across the
globe (8/5)
The Culture
T HE ARCT I C
I N F L I GHT !
U. S. VI RGI N
I SL ANDS
PROVE NCE ,
F R ANCE
S WE DE N
not everybody gets to travel in the
summertime. If they did, who would be
left to do the ofce drudgery and suffer
through the oppressive heat? Fortunately
these books will take you away from all
that, evoking far-ung locales so vividly
youll feel like you were there. Books: the
last word in low-budget travel.
BOOKI NG YOUR
TRAVEL
get swept away wi thout
leavi ng home B Y L E V GR O S S MA N
THE
VACATI ONERS
EMMA STRAUB
The Post family
is in heaven
or at any rate
Majorcabut
theyve brought
hell with them
in the form of
secrets and lies
and insecuri-
ties of all kinds.
Straub observes it
all with wisdom,
good humor and
no mercy
MA J ORCA ,
SPAI N
Photographs by Tara Johnson for TIME

THE EMPEROR
FAR AWAY
DAVI D EI MER
China is a vast
place, with mil-
lions of people
from dozens of
ethnic minori-
ties living far
from Beijing, in
regions where
Westerners rarely
go. Eimer visited
the fringes and
tells us what he
saw there (7/15)
COLORLESS
T SUKURU
TAZAKI AND
HI S YEARS OF
PI LGRI MAGE
HARUKI
MURAKAMI
At 36, a Japanese
train engineer
seeks out his
four best friends
from high school
to discover why
they all uncer-
emoniously
dropped him
(8/12)
THE FARM
TOM ROB SMI TH
Daniels parents
are peacefully
retired in rural
Sweden. Or are
they? Suddenly
Dad says Mom
is psychotic and
has her commit-
ted. Mom denies
it and says Dad
is lying. Its up to
Daniel to dig up
the truth
EUPHORI A
LI LY KI NG
A love triangle
with three
scientists in the
jungles of New
Guinea, Kings
novel is loosely
based on the
life of Margaret
Mead and ren-
dered in suitably
lush, steamy
prose
CHI NA
NE W GUI NE A
J APAN
T HE MI DDL E
E A S T
J ORDA N
E L L E NBE RG
Schools out for summer,
and you probably thought
you werent going to
think about math until
Septemberor, if youre
over 21, for the rest of your
life. But Jordan Ellenbergs
How Not to Be Wrong:
The Power of Mathemati-
cal Thinking will surprise
you by how much fun one
can have with math all
year round.
L I S A SE E
China Dolls presents a
whole new way of looking
at the American dream
of stardom through the
experiences of three
women who dont have the
privilege of being treated
as real Americans. Sing-
ing! Dancing! Heartache!
Triumph! The best book
ever! A must-read!
time July 714, 2014
R E AD ME !
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hammock? check. spf 50?
Check. Homemade ice cream? Not
to worryRuth Reichl has it cov-
ered. Foodie fare offers appetizing
reading this summer, from a
groundbreaking manifesto on the
future of dinnertime (Dan Bar-
bers The Third Plate) to 24 hours in
the life of a line cook (Michael
Gibneys Sous Chef ) to how to re-
create just desserts from the Cool-
haus Truck. And all that reading
makes us hungry, so we asked
half a dozen gourmets to share
recipes for their favorite snacks to
accompany a blissed-out, book-
lled season.
The Culture
SHELF TO
TABLE
summer readi ng that s
good enough to eat
B Y C L A I R E HOWOR T H
1
BEN FORD S AVOCADO
CROST I NI WI T H T OMAT OES,
CAPERS, OLI VES, ALMONDS
AND ARUGUL A
Makes 16 crostini
16 -in.-thick diagonal slices
from a baguette
olive oil for brushing the crostini
and avocados
1 tsp. kosher salt, plus more for
the crostini and avocados
tsp. freshly ground black
pepper
1 whole garlic clove, peeled, to
rub on the crostini, plus 2 garlic
cloves, minced
1 large heirloom tomato,
seeded and diced
cup nioise olives, pitted
cup capers, rinsed and
drained
3 tbsp. avocado oil or olive oil
3 medium Hass avocados,
halved and pitted
cup sliced almonds, lightly
toasted
1 cup wild arugula, loosely
packed
Fire up a charcoal grill or set a gas
grill to high heat with the lid closed
to help it get nice and hot. Alterna-
tively, preheat the oven to 350F.
Brush both sides of each bread
slice with olive oil and season both
sides with salt and some of the
pepper. Put the bread slices on
the grill or in the oven until theyre
nicely toasted but not hard, 12 to
15 min. If youre grilling the bread,
you will need to turn the slices once
during cooking; this isnt necessary
if youre toasting them in the oven.
Rub one side of each toasted
bread slice with the garlic
clove. If youre toasting the
crostini ahead of time, store
them in an airtight container until its
time to assemble them.
ALCHEMY I N A GL ASS, GREG SEI DER
From mixologist Greg Seider, the man who
made the cocktail menu at New York Citys
Le Bernardin and now owns the Summit
Bar, comes a guide with textbook-like
detail on how to mingle avors and garnish
drinks like a pro.
TAMI NG THE FEAST
BEN FORD
Tis the season to cook out,
and Ben Ford has tailored
his cookbook (peppered
with stories about father
Harrison) to the home
barbecuer. Hearty classics
come with how-tos on grill
methodology.
1
T HE
SECOND
COURSE
R E AD ME !
MA RK WHI T A K E R
Cosby isnt just for sweater
weather! Enjoy the last days of
summer with the rst major
biography of this comedy gi-
ant, complete with behind-the-
scenes stories of his wayward
youth; his classic comedy
albums; I Spy, Fat Albert and
The Cosby Show; and the three
women who shaped his life
his mother, his wife and his
sixth-grade teacher! (9/16)
FOOD: I LLUSTRATI ON BY BEN WI SEMAN FOR TI ME; WHI TAKER: I LLUSTRATI ON BY J OE MCKENDRY FOR TI ME; PETE WI LLI AMS

COOLHAUS I CE CREAM BOOK, NATASHA CASE
AND FREYA ESTRELLER
Natasha Case and Freya Estreller entered the
food-truck canon when they launched their
business from a janky postal van in 2008. Here
they showcase some architecture-inspired
frozen treats.
DELI CI OUS!
RUTH REICHL
As the longtime editor of
Gourmet, Ruth Reichl had
plenty of real-life fodder
from which to draw Billie
Breslin, the trust-funded
foodie star of her new
novel about an assistant at a
culinary magazine.
THE THI RD PLATE
DAN BARBER
Blue Hill chef Dan Barber
devotes his culinary
enterprise to perfecting
the agricultural practices
behind good food. Farm-to-
table, he writes, is not the
answer. Rather, its ecology,
table and farm in concert.
SOUS CHEF, MICHAEL GI BNEY
The splashiest kitchen conden-
tials often come from celebrity chefs at
marquee restaurants, but Michael Gibney
dishes right from the linethe row of cook
stations where the action happensin his
energetic literary narrative.
time. Blend until it has come together
into a cool, gorgeously pink ice cream.
Serve immediately; this is best
when it is freshly made, although it will
keep in the freezer for a few weeks.
3
DAN BARBER S V11 J UI CE
A Blue Hill play on classic vegetable
juice, served in shot glasses. Serves
a party
6 lb. tomatoes, mixed
varieties
2 cucumbers, peeled and
seeded
2 parsnips, peeled
2 carrots, peeled
2 stalks celery
4 shallots
1 jalapeo, seeded
1 fennel bulb, cleaned and
chopped
cup sherry vinegar
1 tbsp. Worcestershire sauce
2 tsp. sugar
bunch tarragon, stems
removed
1 bunch parsley, stems
removed
1 bunch basil, stems removed
Roughly chop the tomatoes, cu-
cumbers, parsnips, carrots, celery,
shallots, jalapeo and fennel in a
food processor.
Transfer vegetables to a large
bowl and mix in the sherry vinegar,
Worcestershire sauce and sugar.
Cover and refrigerate overnight or for
12 hours.
Combine the marinated vegeta-
bles, basil, tarragon and parsley in a
blender, and puree until very smooth.
Strain the vegetable puree through a
ne mesh sieve. Add salt and pepper
if desired.
Chill and serve.
Gently stir together the tomato,
olives, capers, avocado or olive oil
and tsp. of the salt in a bowl.
Brush the insides of the avocado
halves with olive oil, and season with
salt and some more of the pepper.
Grill the avocados cut side down for
3 to 4 min., until they have nice grill
marks and are warmed through.
Scoop the avocado out of the skin into
a bowl. Add the minced garlic, the re-
maining tsp. salt and the remaining
pepper, and mash well. Taste and add
more salt or pepper if you want.
To assemble the crostini, top
each piece of toast with a heaping
tablespoon of avocado. Spoon
about a teaspoon of the tomato
mixture over the avocado and top
that with a sprinkling of the al-
monds and a few pieces of arugula.
2
RUT H REI CHL S I NSTANT
ST RAWBERRY I CE CRE AM
This is a miracle of a recipe: it has
only three ingredients, requires no
fancy equipment and makes the most
delicious ice cream you will ever eat.
Serves four to six peopledepending
how greedy they are
A pint (about a pound) of fresh
strawberries from the farmers
market
cup sugar plus more for
sprinkling
1 cup heavy cream
Wash and stem your berries, and cut
them into 1- to 2-in. chunks (leave
them whole if theyre very small).
Sprinkle the berries liberally with sug-
ar and put them in the freezer until
they are frozen solid. (You can do this
ahead of time, then put the berries
into plastic bags and have them on
hand whenever you want them.)
Just before serving, mix the cream
with the sugar. Put the frozen berries
into the blender, and slowly add the
cream, stopping to stir from time to
2 3
SEE MORE
WRI TERLY
RECI PES AT
time.com/
snacks
time July 714, 2014

The Culture
A LI TTLE HEAVY
LIGHT READI NG
how to beachi f y your seri ous
summer reads B Y R A D HI K A J O N E S
MY STRUGGLE:
BOYHOOD
KARL KNAUSGAARD
Knausgaard, known as
the Norwegian Proust,
is the current darling
of the literary set, but
who wants to read about
struggle during vaca-
tion? We borrow from
another Scandinavian
sensation to give his
opus a title betting a
barbecue.
HARD CHOI CES
HI LLARY CLI NTON
At No. 1 on the New York Times best-seller list,
Clintons account of her years as Secretary of
State is indisputably popular, but its title is a
little severe for the season. We suggest a more
Elizabeth Gilbert approach to capture the tale
of a woman at a crossroads in life who nds
new purpose traveling the world.
CAPI TAL I N THE
TWENT Y- FI RST
CENTURY
THOMAS PI KETTY
This French economists
study of income inequal-
ity in capitalist nations
became the unexpected
hit of the spring. Catch
up with it this summer,
by all means, but rst
give it a Tom Clancy
makeoverin the hope
that Jack Ryan will show
up to rescue us from the
rising social discontent
Piketty predicts.
I NVI SI BLE BRI DGE: THE FALL OF
NI XON AND THE RI SE OF REAGAN
RICK PERLSTEI N
Vietnam, Watergate, the oil embargo
nobody wants to think about that stuff
on a beach blanket. Surely retitling this
book That 70s Show would put people
in mind of the bright spots of the Me
Decade. There must have been some.
WHAT S
I N A
NAME ?
UNCERTAI N JUSTI CE: THE ROBERTS
COURT AND THE CONSTI TUTI ON
LAURENCE TRI BE AND JOSHUA MATZ
The Roberts court is transforming the
country we live in with its profound,
sweeping rulings. A title like Barely Legal
would capture the complex dynamics and
conceptual tensions in the courts deci-
sions, while also moving some extra units.
L AST STORI ES AND OTHER STORI ES
WI LLI AM T. VOLLMANN
Vollmanns 700-page collection, the
National Book Award winners rst
ction in nine years, is an exploration
of the supernatural. Why not just
call it Goosebumps? It seems
accurate enough and somehow much
less daunting. L.G.

i had been poor too long, i was
drinking a lot, I was beginning to doubt,
in the deepest of ways, the wisdom of my
choice of job. That, by his own account,
was the state of mind of MI6 ofcer
David Cornwell, a.k.a. John le Carr,
when he wrote The Spy Who Came In
From the Cold, a book that dominated the
summer of 1964 and shaped every depic-
tion of espionage that followed.
THE SPY WHO RULED SUMMER
the legacy of le carr s breakthrough book B Y L E V GR O S S MA N
DE BOR A H
HA RK NE S S
Nothing screams beach
reading like a book about
vampires. With witches,
daemons, ancient vendet-
tas, a macabre missing
book and the longest-lived
dysfunctional family in c-
tion, The Book of Life will
make your own summer-
travel and vacation
nightmares seem trivial in
comparison. (7/15)
T OM R ACHMA N
That round-the-world
ticket youve dreamed
of? Find it in the pages of
The Rise & Fall of Great
Powers, a globe-trotting
novel (see Asia, Europe
and beyond!) thats better
than a pat-down from the
TSA, with more legroom
than the middle seat in
coach. Switch all smart-
phones to ight mode
your summer adventure
departs at page 1!
R E AD ME!
HOMEL AND
Season 3s plot is straight
out of the Le Carr playbook
I AN RANKI N
Fond of antiheroes like
Le Carrs Leamas
GRAHAM
GREENE
Both inuenced
and learned
from Le Carr
SYRI ANA
Updates
Le Carrs
bleak vision
for the oil age
THE AMERI CANS
Blends personal relations
and international relations
STELL A
RI MI NGTON
MI5 alum
to author in
Le Carr mode
HENNI NG MANKELL
Brought Le Carrs
psychological insights
to his crime novels
THE RICHARD
BURTON VERSION
OF THE SPY WHO
CAME IN FROM
THE COLD
A surprisingly faith-
ful, uncompromis-
ing adaptation
DANI EL
CRAI G S BOND
Borrows some
of Le Carrs grit
and realpolitik
T V
Le Carr learned the
craft of deception
early from his father, a
sometime con man
ROBERT
LUDLUM
Shares Le Carrs
vision of amoral
bureaucracies
AL AN
FURST
Le Carr is
patrician,
cold,
brilliant
BEN MACI NT YRE
His histories of
espionage echo
Le Carrs ction
MOVI ES
time July 714, 2014
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106 time July 714, 2014
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Games of Drones
Watching live professional gaming
sounded mind-numbinguntil I tried it
in the most disastrous
social and economic deci-
sion of my life, I decided in
the 10th grade to stop being
a nerd. I quit programming
computers, going to laser tag, organizing
Dungeons & Dragons campaigns, read-
ing science ction and playing video
games. This is particularly painful now
that I know theres a video-game league
in which full-time professional players
compete in front of thousands of cheer-
ing fans. My mom used to yell at me for
wasting time playing video games. I dont
know what she would have done if shed
caught me wasting time watching other
people play video games.
To see what I missed by squandering
my teen years getting drunk and having
sex, I went to the Major League Gaming
championship at the Anaheim Conven-
tion Center. I entered a hall packed with
about 5,000 people, several of whom
were women. Each of these mostly teen
and 20-something fans had paid at least
$50 per ticket, and many were wearing
the jersey of their favorite team. I found
myself wishing that 15 years ago, when
people still read things, I had thought of
charging people to watch me write.
I asked Mike Sespo, 42, who co-
founded Major League Gaming in 2002,
why I only recently found out that
video games were a spectator sport,
considering the fact that 18,000 specta-
tors attended the weekend event, about
2 million watched it online, and Sespo is
currently building a 15,000-seat stadium
in China. Many of the players, and some
of the attendees, make their living off
YouTube channels or live streams where
they show themselves playing games
while they give commentary. Swedens
PewDiePie, who just makes jokes while
he plays games, has the most-subscribed-
to channel on YouTube, and the Wall
Street Journal estimated his ad income
at $4 million a year. Imagine how
much more hed make if he changed his
name to anything other than PewDiePie.
Sespo politely explained that I hadnt
known about this because I was nearing
the end of the average human life span.
Zero of the people here have ever read
a magazine, he said. They dont own
TVs. Theres a lot of things they do that
you dont know about. I am guessing
that none of those things involve moving
their bodies.
The room looked like a UFC ght,
with small blue spotlights rotating in
the faces of announcers who did play-by-
play onstage, getting makeup applied
during breaks. The players sat behind
soundproof glass so they couldnt hear
the announcers, but fans still chanted
their names, so unfamiliar were they
with how physical human interaction
works. There were four video-game
tournaments going
on simultaneously,
but the most people
were packed into
the seats watching
Call of Duty. A dozen
professional pho-
tographers pushed
against the railing to
take pictures of guys
holding controllers.
The Evil Geniuses,
hated by the crowd for their cocki-
ness, had been upset a few weeks
earlier by OpTic Gaming at the
XGames, where its players got the
same medals as skateboarders and
mountain bikers. It must be weird
to be the worlds best skateboarder
and have it be considered the same
level of accomplishment as the
person who is the best skateboard-
video-game player.
Scump, one of the OpTic Gam-
ing players, was being cheered on
by his mom Kristen Abner, who
told me that when her son
quit baseball and football
at 14 to devote himself to
Call of Duty, she took him
to a doctor to see if he was depressed. By
the time he graduated from high school
and told her he was skipping college to
go pro, she understood. He had a great
opportunity with OpTic Gaming he
couldnt pass up, she explained. Scumps
father had played professional baseball,
so I asked her which sport was more
boring to sit through. Oh, baseball, she
said immediately. This is exciting.
It kind of was. One of the commentators
sat next to me to explain what was going
on, which was various versions of Theyre
shooting each other. Still, even though I
was just staring at the barrel of a gun for
an hour, I found myself rooting for the
Evil Geniuses and their smile-free profes-
sionalism. And I remembered that, back
in middle school when I spent a lot of time
in arcades, people
would sometimes
gather around the
Ms. Pac-Man ma-
chine when I was
playing. I suppose
there are lots of
things people pay
to watch others
do that dont seem
entertaining: eat
large quantities of
hot dogs, read aloud, yell at fellow
Real Housewives.
Eventually, the Evil Geniuses
prevailed, winning $25,000. As I
left, I stopped a group of fans and
asked them if all the kids in their
high school were into this. Id say
1 out of 30 kids would know gam-
ing, said Matthew Wells, 14, who
seemed to totally know what Time
magazine is. Kids havent changed;
its just that now each group can
have its own world, with micro-
celebrities, micro-economies and
micro-gatherings. I just
hope someone builds
one quickly for humor
columnists. n
THE AWESOME COLUMN
Joel Stein

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with the private sector and PHA honorary chair
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CHOICES EASIER, VISIT AHEALTHIERAMERICA.ORG.

10 Questions
Assistant DA turned novelist Marcia
Clark on kids who kill, being called a
lady and that case she prosecuted
108 time July 714, 2014
line and know that you could
talk to the person in front of
you about a shared experience.
It was that kind of bonding
experience, if you will. That
sounds so sick.
If you could go back 20 years,
what would you say now to that
Marcia Clark?
I would say that youll have a
better perspective on this later.
At the time, I couldnt see the
degree to which justice could
be subverted by fame and the
way that fame impacts every-
body: the judge, the lawyers,
the witnesses. It was inexpli-
cable to me. Id tell younger
Marcia that this will make
more sensenot good sense,
but more senselater.
Since the trial, youve changed
your look. Is that something
you were advised to do?
It was actually more life cir-
cumstance. At the time of the
trial, I had two babies in dia-
pers and I was a single mom.
I didnt have a lot of time to
spend on hair, wardrobe,
makeup, whatever. So I had a
permit was just the easiest
thing to do. This is getting
awfully girly. And then [dur-
ing the trial] I simply didnt
have enough time to get it
permed. So I just blew it out.
That was my big makeover.
Robert Kardashian was one
of Simpsons lawyers. Did
you have any idea that family
would become so famous?
No. I really didnt. I still dont
quite get the whole allure of
the Kardashian syndrome. It
just eludes me.
belinda luscombe
Your protagonist Rachel
Knight has been involved in a
big public trial characterized
by heated emotions. How
much of her is based on you?
I gave her all my negative
traitsall the good stuff is
her. Fiction writing is in no
small part wish fulllment, so
I would like to be as cool and
interesting and exciting as she
is. But no heroine can be inter-
esting if there arent aws, so I
gave her mine. She has a big
mouth, and she is pretty
headstrong, and she can
be impulsive.
She hates being called
a lady. Is that a bug-
bear of yours?
Yeah, it is! Hey, lady
never sounds good.
You ladies almost
gets me more because
it makes me think of
white gloves and tea par-
ties. Its not entirely seri-
ous. Obviously, one could
be called worse things.
Do you still practice law?
I practice appellate law. In
California, when a felon
is convicted, he is entitled
to have the court appoint
a lawyer to represent him
on appeal. Its a very differ-
ent kind of practice from
trial work, because we re-
view the transcripts and
look for errors that make
a difference in the verdict
or sentencing. Its kind of
an intellectual thing, but
it keeps me on top of the
way cases are handled.
Your fourth novel, The Compet-
itors, involves a mass shooting
at a high school. Did you want it
to be part of the conversation
about schoolyard assaults?
When I wrote it, I was reach-
ing back to Columbine, think-
ing, How do kids end up this
way? Who wants to believe
that their child goes to a school
thats a death zone? Then came
Sandy Hook and then one after
another after another after an-
other. It was so upsetting. For a
minute there, I thought maybe
I should drop this book.
Do you worry that bringing
more attention to these kill-
ings might inspire copycats?
We have to talk about it. We
have to think about [where]
these kids come from and what
makes them act out. We cant
bury it. But we dont want to
glorify it either, which is why
I hate when they publicize
names. You know, [Dylan]
Klebold and [Eric] Harris have
been out in the ozone for way
too long.
In doing research for the book,
did you come across any solu-
tions that you think havent
really been aired yet?
The rst place we have to start
is helping parents who actually
do get on top of things: I know
Johnny has a problem. The
parents in Sandy Hook knew
that he was a problem, knew
that he was troubled. I think an
accurate diagnosis would have
helped to establish that [Adam
Lanza] should never have been
near a gun.
Do people still want to talk to
you about the O.J. Simpson
case?
There is always going to be
some kind of interest because
it was such a national pastime.
There was something about be-
ing able to stand in the grocery
Im not just older and
fatter but wiser than I
was then, says Clark
about how shes changed
since the O.J. trial
FOR VIDEO OF OTHER
INTERVIEWEES, GO TO
time.com/10questions
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