Check List For Roads Buildings Works

Govt. of A.P., Roads & Bldgs.
Department
Check List for R&B Works
CHECK LIST No. 1
Check list For Clearing And Grubbing
PRE-CONSTRUCTION STAGE
1) Review the plans, special provision, right of way agreements, which may requi
re special staking. 2) Confirm land acquisition is completed and area demarcated
is in possession. 3) Confirm encroachments (if any) are removed and tree cuttin
g (if any) is carried out with permission of competent authority. 4) Check wheth
er all the tree roots and stumps are removed in the formation area. Check whethe
r the pits from where trees have been removed are filled with granular material
and suitably compacted. 5) Ensure that features and facilities, which are to be
preserved, are clearly marked. 6) Attention shall be paid to environmental commi
tments. 7) Determine the method for disposal of all materials outside the right
of way. 8) Identify the location of all public utilities (telephone poles, power
lines, water supply lines, sewer lines, UG cables etc.) and ensure proper liais
on with concerned authorities for shifting or for carrying out work safely witho
ut affecting the utilities during execution of works.
CONSTRUCTION STAGE
1) Check whether the Executing Agency equipment has required safety devices for
the protection of personnel and environment. (In forest areas required spark arr
esters shall be used in the equipment). 2) Ensure no hazard to public during ope
rations like timber felling, blasting. 3) Ensure a better and coordinated traffi
c control. 4) Check whether adjacent property and environmentally service-line a
reas are being affected and prevent such operations. 5) Limits of clearing areas
which do not require removal of stumps should be determined, and the height of
stumps above natural ground be checked. 6) Determine if dead, dying or otherwise
unstable trees, which are in the right of way but outside the clearing limits t
o constitute a hazard. Any such tree shall be removed. 7) Check whether the cut
timber is being handed over to the concerned agencies, in case the contract prov
ides such handing over. 8) When burial of debris is permitted within the right o
f way that it will not act as a permeable layer, does not block drainage and wil
l not interfere with maintenance. 9) Ensure proper precautions, if burning of de
bris is permitted. Ensure that the smoke will not interfere with the visibility
of public traffic and no air pollution problem is created. 10) Ensure that tree
branches overhanging above the roadway are cut off as specified. 1
Govt. of A.P., Roads & Bldgs. Department
CHECK LIST No. 2
Earth Works
Earthwork includes operation connected with roadway excavation, structure excava
tion, backfill, ditch/drain excavation, compaction, embankment construction and
borrow area excavation.
Pre-Construction Stage
1) Confirm required drawings I.e. Longitudinal Section and Cross Section for the
proposed stretch are updated and at hand. 2) Confirm centerline of the proposed
road has been set out using Total Station. Drive pegs to mark it at every 10 m
or less in straight reaches. Erect masonry pillars 23x25 cm at each peg position
with two sides plastered. Mark on the pillars proposed level upto which filling
is to be done. 3) In the case of road in cutting, two additional pillars are to
be constructed on each flank of the road and with the proposed level of formati
on on the plaster. 4) Check road safety signs such as "Road work under progress"
, "Take diversions", etc. are properly positioned. 5) Earmark/detail personnel f
or traffic control (if any) concerned authorities to be informed in advance and
publicize the traffic restriction if any. 6) Make a list of persons deployed at
site along with qualification and experience. 7) Confirm reference pillars (Temp
orary Bench Marks) are erected. 8) Confirm quarries are identified and permissio
n (if any) from appropriate authority has been obtained. 9) Calculate required q
uantities and assess and satisfy the material is available with quarries. 10) Co
nfirm quarry material have been tested and results are satisfactory. 11) Confirm
setting out of curves - Horizontal and vertical have been completed. 12) Confir
m requisite templates for camber and depth of loose earth spread are available.
13) Check watering arrangements are satisfactory. 14) Check agreed upon plant an
d machinery including Vibrohammer for vertical banks are in good working conditi
on. 15) Check fuel, oil, lubricant, urgent spares (if any) are readily available
(in the vicinity) nearby. 16) Confirm checking and measuring instruments like l
eveling instrument / staff of 30 m, tapes etc. is available at site. 17) Check t
esting equipment for field tests like field density apparatus, rapid moisture me
ter etc. are available. 18) Confirm registers/site documents for recording the l
evels, and any other activity at site are available. 2
19) Check whether marking of exact location of CD works have been completed. 20)
Check if any vegetation has grown after clearing and grubbing. If yes repeat th
e operation of clearing and grubbing. 21) Check whether the existing ground has
been rolled to meet the compaction requirement. 22) Whenever Ground improvement
has been proposed check if prefabricated drains (band drains), sand for sand bla
nket, geotextile and free draining material of required quantity are available,
before the work is taken up in hand. Please check that the complete design has b
een approved by the Engineer. 23) Sections where reinforced soil structures are
to be provided, check if precast concrete facing units, soil reinforcing element
s with accessories / Fitting and back fill material of required quantity are as
specification before the work is taken up. Please also check that the design hav
e been approved by the Engineer. 24) Establish contract for coordination with an
y other agency working/operating in the same area.
Construction Stage In Fill
1) Ensure removal of top 15 to 20 cm of soil when filling is proposed. 2) Ensure
ground treatment as per Technical specification - Appendix XXVI-Vol. II in mark
ing areas before earth wall in embankment is taken in hand. 3) Approved soil for
filling to be free from organic or decomposed material. 4) Breaking up of earth
clods and compaction of the layers (of 20 to 30 cm as specified) and rolling to
be done with rollers (of type and size as specified). To ensure uniform thickne
ss of spread, use templates. 5) Modified density to be taken at specified interv
als and ensure top 500 mm of embankment and shoulders to have 97% standard modif
ied proctor density and lower layers 95%. 6) Ensure that each layer of earthwork
is tested (Density and Moisture content) before starting next layer. 7) Check w
hether water has been sprinkled over the previous layer top, before laying and n
ext layer. 8) Check the layer thickness of any later laid to compensate the thic
kness of grades. If it is less than 100 mm, then the previous layer top shall be
suitably watered and scarified and then next layer is laid. Ensure proper bondi
ng with old compacted layer and avoid 'peeling off in patches' of the newly laid
layer during compaction. 9) Ensure the benching into existing material during h
illside construction or where the section changes from embankment to excavation
or while widening the existing formation is adequate for proper keying of embank
ment material to original ground. 10) Ensure that rolling over entire area - com
pletely to outside edges is being carried out. 3
11) Necessary treatment to side slopes to avoid blockage of drains by loose eart
h coming down. 12) Plan cutting operation in such a way to avoid filling the sam
e area later on. 13) Ensure camber, super elevation and gradient of road formati
on after rolling using levels, templates etc. liberally. Special templates to be
used for curves. 14) No dumping in heaps at the area of work. 15) Ensure that t
he top of the cut section sub-grade is property rolled. If granular subbase is p
roposed straight on top of the cut formation, the top 500 mm below the cut forma
tion level shall be excavated and re-rolled to have 97% standard modified procto
r density compaction. If the soil at the cut formation level is found unsuitable
either due to inadequate CBR value or due to sub-standard quality, top 500 mm s
oil below the cut formation level shall be removed and thrown away. The formatio
n base shall be compacted to 95% of modified proctor density value, and suitable
sub-grade material of 500 mm thick shall be placed on top of cut formation and
compacted according to the specification, before laying any pavement layers. 16)
Check the material used for sub-grade, whether it has four days soaked CBR of m
inimum 10%. 17) Quality control tests during construction as stipulated in Annex
ure A. 18) Ensure earthwork in Earth retaining Structures as per Technical Speci
fication Appendix XXVII-Volume II.
Post Construction Stage
1) Confirm width of formation is as specified 2) Ensure side slopes are dressed
to specified slope. 3) Check camber is achieved. 4) Tolerances in Surface levels
as specified.
4
CHECK LIST No. 3
Check list for Protective Works
PRE- CONSTRUCTION STAGE Stone Pitching or Turfing
Confirm slope of embankment is as specified (1 in 2) Check the stones collected
for size. Large size boulders should be used. Each stone should be over 40 kgs.
Smaller size stones should not be used. For turfing, the clods of turf should be
at least 50 mm thick and contain roots.
Roadside and Catchment Drains
Check drains planned for road in cutting Check whether bed slope is correct Chec
k whether the slopes of drains are as per designs Check whether the excavated ea
rth is removed and spread or disposed off.
CONSTRUCTION STAGE Stone Pitching or Turfing
Ensure stone pitching is in accordance with IRC: 89 Clause 5.3.5.1. Ensure Stone
s and clods of turf are hand packed from bottom on top.
In case of turfing, unless done during the monsoon, daily watering for 30 days s
hould be ensured. In case of drains, ensure excavated earth is removed from site
.
5
CHECK LIST No. 4
Check list for Granular Subbase
Pre- Construction Stage
1) Confirm subgrade is adequately compacted. If there is time gap for execution
of GSB layer and the previously finished subgrade, check whether the subgrade te
st results are valid. Check whether the compaction of the subgrade is still in g
ood condition, if not carryout proof rolling. Clear all loose or external materi
als before laying GSB from subgrade top. 2) Confirm camber, cross slope and side
slope of embankment are correct. Check whether the subgrade top surface toleran
ce levels are within the permissible limits prescribed. 3) Confirm grading of GS
B materials has been tested and is of correct specifications as per Appendix A.
4) Check whether the "Ten Percent Fines Value" test and water absorption value t
est have been conducted and the results are as per the Specification. 5) Check t
emplates available for indicating thickness of loose layer to be spread. 6) Chec
k watering arrangements are adequate. 7) Confirm rollers are available and in wo
rking order.
Construction Stage
8) Observe the spreading and compacting operations. Ensure the material is being
spread without significant segregation. If necessary, obtain samples from the m
aterial being spread and conduct sieve analysis test. Check the layer thickness
and confirm that it is as per specification requirements. 9) Check layer of loos
e material is as specified in the specification. (For Moisture ContentIS: 2720 P
art 2). 10) Check layer of compacted layer is as specified. 11) Check density of
compacted layer is as specified (Density 98% according to IS: 2720 Part 8). 12)
Observe the compacting operation to determine that the material forms a firm, s
table base throughout the spread width.
13) Tolerance as specified.
6
CHECK LIST No. 5
Check list for Wet Mix Macadam
1) Check whether the previous true layer GSB or subgrade as the case may be, has
been finished properly and is to the required grades and lines and the surface
irregularities are within the tolerance levels. Verify whether the subgrade has
been prepared to the specifications laid in Cl. 404.3.1 of MOST. 2) Check whethe
r GSB/subgrade layer compaction is intact if there is a considerable time delay
in execution of WMM and the previous pavement layer (say 10 days). If not, carry
out proof rolling. 3) Check whether any loose materials or external materials ar
e on the GSB/subgrade top and remove all loose and external materials before lay
ing WMM. 4) Confirm mix design is known to supervisor in charge of mixing. The d
esign water content should be known. 5) Confirm stone aggregate has been tested
and is of acceptable quality and adequate quantity (IS: 2386 Part 5) as per Appe
ndix A. 6) Confirm fine aggregate is of correct gradation and adequate quantity.
7) Confirm equipment and plant necessary are available and in working order. 8)
Confirm the sub-base on which wet mix macadam is to be laid is clean. 9) Check
that the paver is adjusted to give the specified minimum thickness and camber. D
o a trial stretch of about 5 to 10 m to confirm this.
Construction Stage
10) Observe the spreading and compacting operations. Ensure the material is bein
g spread without significant segregation. When WMM is spread by graders/pavers,
the layer size particles have a tendency to segregate. Check continuously while
spreading that this type of segregation does not take place and take suitable re
medial action either manually rectifying or adjusting the blade angles of the pa
ver screed. Ensure no segregation takes place and material is spread without roc
k pockets. 11) Confirm that the gradation of spread materials are as per the job
mix, by taking samples from the spread materials and conducting gradation tests
. 12) Monitor thickness of wet mix macadam layer. (Not less than 75 mm) 13) Moni
tor whether required camber is achieved. 14) Monitor water content. Excess water
will/result in separation of coarse and fines (Optimum moisture for mixing IS:
2720 Part 8). 15) Monitor compaction achieved is as required. Observe the compac
ting operation to determine that the material forms a firm, stable base througho
ut the spread width. Rolling continued till density achieved is at least 98% of
MDD (IS: 2720 Part 8). 16) Control tests and their minimum frequencies as specif
ied in Appendix - A. 17) Tolerance shall be within the limits as specified.
18) Erect barricades or pitchstones to prevent traffic. 19) Road shall be allowe
d to dry for a minimum period of 24 hours. No traffic shall be allowed over the
surface before any priming coat is laid.
7
CHECK LIST No. 6
Check list for Laying Prime Coat
PRIME COAT
Prime coat is the application of liquid asphalt/emulsion over an absorbent granu
lar surface preparatory to any superimposed bituminous treatment or construction
. Generally prime coat is applied to seal the granular surface
1) Check the choice of bitumen and quantity shall be as per relevant specificati
ons. 2) Confirm cut back mix emulsion is known to supervisor in charge of mixing
. 3) Confirm bitumen has been tested and is of acceptable quality. Sampling and
Testing of Bituminous primer according to IS: 217 (Cutback bitumen) IS: 454 (Dig
bol type cutback bitumen) IS: 8887 (Specification for bitumen emulsion for roads
{cationic type}) Generally heavier grades of bitumen can be used during hot wea
ther and on open surface texture; lighter grades are more suitable under normal
surface conditions or cold weather construction. Confirm the type of bitumen, wh
ich is going to be used, is as per the particular specification requirements. 4)
Prime coat shall not be applied on a wet surface or during dust storm or when t
he weather is rainy, windy or foggy. Ensure that no priming is done when the atm
ospheric temperature is less than 10OC. 5) Check arrangements for ensuring corre
ct dosing is in place. 6) Confirm equipment like bitumen boiler, bitumen spreade
r to be used is available and in working order.
Construction Stage
7) Surface should be swept clean, free from dust and shall be dry. If the surfac
e to be primed is so dry or dusty, a light and uniform sprinkling of water may b
e done, but no priming shall be undertaken till such time is no surface water is
visible,
8
8) Check bitumen spread per sqm. is as specified. Check the temperature of the b
itumen prior to application and ensure that it is within the specified range. 9)
Check the viscosity of bitumen used. 10) Check whether the spread of bitumen is
uniform and no uncovered patches are left on the surface. 11) Control tests and
frequencies shall be as per Appendix A.
12) Erect barricades or pitchstones to prevent traffic. 13) Surface shall be all
owed to cure for a minimum period of 24 hours or any other period as per site co
nditions. 14) If the primed surface is not cured within 24 hours of application,
sand may be spread lightly over the primed surface. 15) Sand should be spread o
nly thick enough to prevent pickup of asphalt. The need for large amounts of san
d to blot up excess liquid asphalt is an indicative or error in selecting the ra
te of application or type of binder. 16) Care shall be taken to remove all loose
sand before taking up the next course.
9
CHECK LIST No. 7
Check list for Laying Tack Coat
TACK COAT
Tack coat is the application of liquid asphalt/emulsion over an existing road su
rface preparatory to another bituminous construction over it. Tack coat is appli
ed to ensure better bonding of layers.
1) Check the choice of bitumen and quantity shall be as per relevant specificati
ons. 2) Confirm cut back mix emulsion is known to supervisor in charge of mixing
. 3) Confirm bitumen has been tested and is of acceptable quality and confirms t
o specifications (IS: 217, 454 and 8887). 4) Ensure arrangements for applying li
quid asphalt confirm to requirements and all the equipments are available and ar
e in working condition. 5) Confirm that surface over which tack coat is to be ap
plied is clean and all loose material or extraneous material is removed either b
y mechanical brooms or by other approved method.
Construction Stage
6) Check whether the liquid asphalt is heated and the temperature prior to appli
cation is within the range. 7) Check whether the spread of bitumen is uniform an
d the entire area is covered uniformly. 8) Ensure that no further layer is sprea
d over tacked area before the tack coat is cured ( until the water/cutter in cas
e of emulsion/cutback has completely evaporated). In general time gap of 30 minu
tes will be sufficient. 9) Ensure that tack coat is not applied when the atmosph
eric temperature is less than 10OC. 10) Check that tack coat is not applied over
a freshly laid bituminous course. If due to site condition, traffic is allowed
over the finished layer before next layer is laid, a light tack coat as decided
based on site conditions shall be applied. 11) Normally tack coat is not to be a
pplied over a freshly laid bituminous course. If due to site condition, traffic
is allowed over the finished layer before next layer is laid, a light tack coat
as decided based on site conditions shall be applied.
10
CHECK LIST No. 8
Check list For Bituminous Layers Using Mechanized Construction (BM, DBM & BC)
Pre-Construction Stage General
Confirm mix design is available. Confirm hot mix plant setting and match the mix
design. Confirm whether all the materials are as per criteria furnished in Appe
ndix 'A'. Do a trial run for paver settings and for evolving rolling pattern. En
sure freshly laid surface is barricaded or boulder pitched to prevent traffic fo
r 48 hours. 6) Check the tolerance in surface levels as specified. 7) Check and
do not allow any bituminous work when there is a possibility of rain or during r
ain. 8) Check the probable environmental impacts due to functioning of the hot m
ix plant and ensure proper remedial actions are taken before the actual operatio
n begins. Ensure regular check to monitor the environmental mitigation action pl
an and its proper implementation. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)
PLANT OPERATION Pre-Construction Stage
1) Observe the aggregate storage areas and facilities to ensure that storage is
as specified. When various sizes are stored separately, required physical separa
tion, either by space between stock piles or some types of wall that will provid
e separation. 2) Determine whether the stock piled aggregate is similar to the m
aterial used for the mix design. Confirm their quality. 3) Examine the plant whe
ther weighing equipment is as specified. 4) See that scales and meters are seale
d or tested as required. 5) Examine the plant to determine if it has a temperatu
re indicating device or the drier and that it meets requirements set forth in th
e specification. 6) Check method used for including supplemental fine aggregates
or bag house dust as per specification. 7) Check that the plant is equipped wit
h a functional dust collection system as per specifications. 8) Determine if the
re are safety provisions for sample collection as per specifications. 9) Check a
sphalt storage tanks and determine that they meet specifications. All storage ta
nks, transfer lines, pumps etc. should have heating oils or should be jacketed a
nd heated to maintain the asphalt at the required temperatures. 11
10) Check batch plants and determine that it meets the requirements of the speci
fications. a) Check whether there are overflow chutes for the hot aggregate stor
age, which will prevent overflow between adjacent bins. Examine the chutes to se
e that they are not clogged. b) Provisions for the binder to be introduced unifo
rmly at the specified location. c) A timing device, which will indicate by audib
le or visual signal the expiration of the mixing period - check to ensure that t
he system is in working order.
Production Stage
1) Maintain a daily plant record. Use a form approved by the Engineer. 2) Ascert
ain that the production rate for the mix plant does not exceed the specification
s. Production rates in continuous mix plants must not exceed those rates establi
shed during the preceding aggregate weigh belt and asphalt meter calibration. 3)
Monitor plant interlocks. 4) Obtain the required certificates of compliance for
all asphalt binder loads. 5) Observe aggregate storage and determine that it me
ets requirement set forth in the specifications. 6) Determine that supplemental
fine aggregate is kept dry and stored properly. 7) Monitor and record the temper
ature of the asphalt and aggregate and determine that it meets requirement set f
orth in the specifications. Any excessive moisture in aggregates may cause slump
of flattened loads, accompanied by considerable bubbling or streaming of the mi
xture. 8) Compare aggregate from all bins to determine that it meets specificati
ons. Obtain samples of the aggregate prior to mixing with asphalt, and test for
the grading. Gradings used by the laboratory for mix design are based on volume
and not weight. When there is a difference of more than 0.2 between the specific
gravities of coarse material and fine material, the field sieve analysis must b
e adjusted to volume for comparison with the design curve. 9) Observe the overal
l plant operation to see that dust or smoke is being controlled as specified. 10
) Observe plant productions to assume that a homogenous mixture is being produce
d check the aggregate gradation, mixture consistency, stability and bitumen cont
ent. If the mixture appears to be deficient in any of these respects, the condit
ion should be discussed and rectified. For batch mixing, do not approve a mixing
time of less than 30 seconds unless the reason for such action is adequately do
cumented and based on tests for uniformity of 'aggregate and asphalt distributio
n. Mixing time in a continuous' flow mixer is a function of length of the mixing
area and the rate of drop in drier drum mixing. The most efficient pug mill mix
ing is obtained when the level of material is at the top of the paddies, through
out the length of the mixer. Feed must be continuous and uniform for best result
s. Also it must be noted in the daily report. 12
11) Monitor the temperature of asphalt. In batch plants ensure that the temperat
ure of the asphalt in the line does not drop more than 8OC (15OF). In continuous
feed plants ensure that the temperature of the asphalt does not vary more than
28OC (50OF). 12) Check to ensure that all the equipments are functioning properl
y and within the specifications. When automatic batch mixing is used, check to s
ee that the automatic equipment is functioning within specifications. When any c
ontinuous mixing plant (drier drum or drier drum pug mill) is used, check to see
that the vibrating unit on the fine bin is in operation. Also ensure that the l
ow-level interlock systems for the aggregate feeder bins and the asphalt storage
are functional. 13) Observe the operation of all weighing systems. Required sca
les and meters to be retested whenever there is any indication that there may be
in error. a) The weight of the material falling from the bin gates to the weigh
ing hopper after the gates are closed must be considered in the batching process
. Check that the weigh box containing the total batch does not contact anything,
which prevents a true indication of the batch weight. b) Periodically check the
batching by comparing the total weight of the batches in a truckload with the p
latform scale weight for the some load (This can be done only when the mixed mat
erials are not kept in silos). c) Check the asphalt scales frequently to make su
re that there is no zero error; that the scale levers and knife edges move freel
y; and that there is no bind or drag on the lever systems. d) The accuracy of me
ter driven asphalt proportioning devices should be checked by comparing meter to
talizer readings with asphalt tank stabbings and/or with the combined aggregate
totalizer readings in conjuction with an on site vehicle scales. 14) Observe sto
rage of materials in silos to ensure that segregation is prevented, that specifi
ed temperatures are maintained, and that minimum silo levels are maintained. 15)
Examine truck beds prior to loading to ensure that contaminating agents are not
used and that parting agents are used sparingly. 16) Ensure that the automatic
aggregate asphalt proportioning system in continuous mix plants is operating. 17
) Record all information that will support payment and will assist in determinat
ion of causes for out of specification materials.
Transportation Stage
1) Check whether truck beds are smooth and free form holes and depression. 2) Is
there any leakage of gas or oil from trucks? 3) Are trucks equipped with adequa
te covers? 4) Do truck and paver operate together without interference? 5) Is th
e method of coating of contact surfaces of truck beds agreed upon? 13
6) Whether any provision for checking the temperature is made in the trucks. 7)
Whether any segregation takes place while loading the trucks from the plant. 8)
Check whether there is any spillage of mixed material while loading into the tru
cks from the plant or at loading the pavers from the trucks. Any spillage shall
be removed and discarded. 9) Check the temperature of mix at the time of loading
and unloading. If the reduction in temperature is substantial, the mix should b
e discarded.
BITUMEN DISTRIBUTOR
1) Are the heaters and the pump in good working condition? 2) Does the distribut
or have a volume calibration chart? 3) Are spray bars and nozzles analogged and
set at the proper angle for application of tack coat? 4) Is a proper thermometer
provided to verify temperature? 5) Whether a hand held spray hose with nozzle p
rovided to tack irregular areas.
LAYING OPERATIONS PRE-LAYING
1) Ensure that the base of previous road surface has been prepared as specified,
remove all loose materials and have problems corrected. 2) Ensure that the prim
e coat/tack coat has been applied uniformly and properly. Determine temperature
of the asphalt material used for prime coat/tack coat. Check whether all vertica
l faces are coated. 3) Ensure that tack coat material is being applied at the sp
ecified rate and at the proper distance in advance of the paving operation. Chec
k distributor spray bar height and nozzle angle. 4) Ensure that the tack coat is
broken or cured prior to having wherever required. 5) Ensure that certificates
of compliance have been received for each shipment and that weight and load slip
s for each liquid asphalt load are accurate. 6) Determine the temperature of the
air and record. 7) Examine the spreading equipment to determine whether it has
the specified attributes. Pay particular attention to pavers, which are variable
in width, to ensure that spreading and compacting components extend for the ful
l width of the traffic areas lane to be paved. 8) Examine rollers to determine w
hether they have the specified attributes. Ensure that the specified number of r
ollers is available as decided during the trial compaction. Check frequency of v
ibratory rollers to assure 30-40 impacts per meter with a tachometer. Whether a
rubber tyred roller is used, verify the manufacturer's 14
Govt. of A.P., Roads & Bldgs. Department recommended contact pressure.
9) Ensure that all equipments required for checking bitumen content/density are
available. Check for all hand equipments like, lutes, rakes and shovels.
DURING LAYING
1) Record measurements of air, surface and asphaltic mix temperatures. Cool air
blowing can reduce the temperatures of the mix. A cold surface can suck heat out
the mix extremely fast. This will be critical when the lift thickness is thin.
2) Observe spreading: a) Check equipment being used to ensure it meets specifica
tions. b) Monitor thickness and observe that the road/lane width is being met. c
) Record number of layers. d) Check spread rate against theoretical rate. e) Ens
ure that longitudinal joints are offset as specified. f) Check whether the conve
yor is exposed to make sure that material is on the hopper conveyor at all times
. g) Check whether paver hopper is near full at all times. Check flow gates and
augurs. Paver wings should not be dumped as large aggregates accumulate in the w
ings. Waste it at the end of the day. 3) Confirm that rolling pattern and compac
tion effort determined during the trial test are being met. Check breakdown roll
ing has been accomplished before minimum temperature is reached. 4) Obtain a sam
ple of the completed mixture from the mat behind the paving machine and test it
for extraction, moisture, and sieve analysis. Identify the samples to indicate b
oth the stationing where they were taken and the approximate area they represent
. Analyze the test data at the earliest possible time. It is preferable that sam
ples representing drier - drums or continuous mixing be tested in the field, in
order that immediate corrective action can be taken for any deviations. For dete
rmining the uniformity of the mixture as placed - consider tests from the mat at
longitudinal intervals and not at transverse. For determining mixer efficiency
- consider taking samples from the pug mill or discharge gates of batch plant or
from the discharge chute of drum-mixer plant. 5) Check the rolling temperature
of mix during laying shall be 120OC - 160OC. It is an extremely important factor
in compaction. Rolling should begin in sequences as soon as mat will support th
e weight of roller without picking up material on the drum or unduly marking of
shoving the mat. Check that rolling is done at as high a temperature as possible
, because highest initial densities are achieved at high temperature optimal for
rolling. 6) Check transverse and longitudinal joints are constructed properly.
Observe constructions at cold transverse joints to see specifications are being
met. 15
7) Observe that the segregation and visual pavement deformities are being avoide
d or corrected. 8) Ensure that smoothness of the surface is as specified record
measurements. 9) Check the edge alignment of the material being placed. Check is
should not be thin or thick compared to lift thickness. 10) Ensure that defecti
ve areas have not developed. Check pavement for pooling of asphalt, bleeding, ra
veling, rock pockets, consistent color etc.
DURING TRIAL COMPACTION
1) Use a test trip. The use of a compaction test strip before the start of a pro
ject will head off problems before they arise. It will also provide information
to the roller operator to establish the: Roller pattern and speeds Frequency and
amplitude settings Density specifications for job Number of passes, vibratory o
r static 2) Testing shall be done on a test strip, which is similar in condition
and nature to that of the project highway. Preferably a short length of the pro
ject road itself is treated as test strip. 3) Testing should begin with the roll
er set at its recommended amplitude. If the unit bounces, or moves sideways, red
uce the amplitude setting. If it is obvious that particles are being fractured,
reduce the amplitude. 4) It should be obvious that maximum amplitude should not
be utilized when beginning to roll a thin lift. 5) The use of the test strip is
an educated trial and error process to determine the most productive procedure f
or a particular project. 6) Even if density requirements are set by using the ma
rshal or kneading compactor a test strip will still permit the contractor to dev
elop the rolling patterns, type of compactor etc. to meet the specifications.
DURING ROLLING
1) Check the fuel tanks are full and there will be no delay during the day. 2) C
heck the water supply, spray bars and nozzles. Any clogged nozzles need to be cl
eaned out before work beings. 3) Check the engine oil, hydraulic tank Grease the
machine and inspect the drums for any dent. 4) If the rollers are to be stopped
for any length of time, park at an angle on a cool part of the
mat. Parking on a warm mat will most likely leave an indentation that will not r
oll out.
5) At the end of a pass, while reversing, turn the roller into a slight curve pr
ior to stopping avoid leaving a transverse ridge across the mat. 6) When using a
vibratory roller, check whether it is operated at a speed that will provide at
least
one drum impact or more per 2.5 cm of travel. Ripples may result if this is exce
eded.
7) Never allow to vibrate when the roller is stationary; use-automatic vibration
cut off. 8) Check whether deceleration /acceleration is being done smoothly whi
le reversing direction to avoid pushing or shoving the mat. 16 9) Sharp turns sh
all be avoided otherwise it will cut the mat.
CHECK LIST No. 9
Typical Corrective Action Plan for Asphaltic Layers Placement
Test Item Asphalt Content Corrective Action If test results are outside toleranc
e (4.5-5.5%) an immediate investigation will be conducted to determine the cause
. Corrections will be made and material will be tested immediately to ensure tha
t the correction has been effective. If test results are outside tolerance an im
mediate investigation will be conducted to determine the cause. Corrections will
be made to stockpiles, bins, bells or scales and material will be tested immedi
ately to assure that the correction has been effective. When individual or compo
site aggregate moisture values differ from those of the plant computer, the plan
t computer will be adjusted to reflect the most recent aggregate moisture. If th
e asphalt temperature exceeds the permissible ranges (120C to 160C) the plant oper
ator will immediately take corrective action to raise or lower the temperature a
s required. Temperature will be closely monitored to verify that the corrections
were adequate.
Aggregate Gradation
Aggregate Moisture
Asphalt Temperature
Mix Temperature If the mix temperature exceeds 160C the plant operator will immed
iately take corrective action to lower the temperature as needed. Temperature in
the Hot will be closely monitored to verify that the correction was adequate. M
ix Plant Asphalt concrete- that exceeds 160C shall not be used in the work and sh
all be disposed off suitably. Mix Moisture If the mix moisture exceeds 1%, the p
lant operator will note the moisture content and corrective action will be taken
to reduce the moisture in the mix. Aggregate piles may be spread to dry, aggreg
ate time in the heater may be increased, etc. If inspection indicates that the s
ub-grade is not prepared as specified, and as required, immediate action will be
taken. Sub grade problems will be corrected-dried, cleaned, compacted, graded,
etc. Asphalt concrete will not be placed until the corrections have been made an
d the Engineer has inspected and approved.
Sub-grade Preparation
Prime/Tack Coat If inspection indicates that the prime or tack coat material or
application arc not in accordance with the specifications immediately action wil
l be taken,. Prime coat will be re-applied, changed, time for break will be length
ened, etc. Asphalt concrete will not be placed until the corrections have been m
ade and the Engineer has inspected and approved.
17
Govt. of A.P., Roads & Bldgs. Department Ambient temperature
If physical measurements indicate that the ambient temperature is less than spec
ified (13"C), the paving foreman will be notified and placement will cease as so
on as safety concerns have been provided for.
Mix Temperature If physical measurements indicate that the mix temperature is be
low the temperature, which the paving foreman has requested for placement at the
Time and breakdown, corrective action will be taken mmediately. Cool mix of Lay
ing will be returned to the plant, the operation will be changed to correct the
situation which is causing the problem, AC will be held in covered trucks and no
t windrowed until necessary In-place Density If field density determination indi
cates that the asphalt concrete is not being placed to a minimum relative densit
y of 96%, immediate action will be taken.Roller operations will be investigated
and may be changed, plant will be notified and mix quality will be examined, tem
perature will be determined, etc. Density will be tested immediately following t
he corrective action to assure that the action has been effective.
18
CHECK LIST No. 10
Check list for Temporary Diversions
PRE-CONSTRUCTION STAGE FORMATION
1) Check drawings and specifications given in the contract. If site conditions a
nd estimated period of use so dictate, recommend improvement. 2) Check alignment
for gradients and curves. The alignment should be marked in the same way as for
mation. 3) Carryout checks as given in Check list No. 1 and 2. 4) The general pr
ovision laid out in Clause 112 of MOST Specifications may be adhered to.
CONSTRUCTION STAGE WBM, PIPE CULVERTS AND SURFACE DRESSING
5) Carryout all checks given in Check list No. 1 and 2. 6) For WBM check the fol
lowing: Stone metal laid in correct thickness. Adequate compaction is done. Blin
dage spread evenly and adequately watered. Surface re-rolled. 7) For CD works ca
rryout checks as per Check list No. 14 and 15. 8) For surface dressing check the
following: Surface cleaned and made dust free. Tack coat correctly applied as p
er specifications, uniformly and without any uncovered gaps. Mixture spread even
ly to required thickness and compacted. Test compaction by field density test. M
anila ropes or wooden markers laid on edges to improve compaction. Seal coat app
lied if provided for.
POST CONSTRUCTION STAGE
9) Check dimensions of completed work. 10) Check periodic maintenance earned out
. 19
CHECK LIST No. 11
Check list for Strengthening of Existing Two Lanes
In strengthening of the existing two lanes, the check lists given in Check list
1 to 12 are also applicable. This check list covers certain additional aspects t
o be checked while strengthening existing roads. All the checks pertain to pre-c
onstruction activities. 1) Confirm existing pavement thickness is as assumed in
designs. In case this is not so additional corrections will be required. 2) All
cracks in the existing pavement shall be filled with either fog seal or slurry s
eal. 3) All incorrectly laid/repaired patches/potholes shall be removed and corr
ectly laid. 4) At places having excessive heaving, sinking and undulations of 75
mm or more, the existing pavement should be removed and a fresh layer of granula
r sub-base should be laid to facilitate drainage. In such of those locations, th
e existing pavement shall be removed either up to the pavement layer or up to th
e sub grade bottom, depending upon the gravity of distress and re-compacted in l
ayers. The size of the plot to be dug open shall be in 5 x 3.5m to ensure compac
tion using rollers. The edges where compaction through rollers is not possible,
the same shall be compacted by mechanical plate compactors or mechanical tampers
. The plot size may be smaller than 5 x 3.5m, depending upon site requirements a
nd in such cases entire compaction shall be done through mechanical plate compac
tors or mechanical tampers. In case the road passes through BC soil and hard mur
um of granular blanket is not provided, the same should be provided. The pavemen
t should there after be rebuilt. 5) The existing pavement should be roughened be
fore laying fresh layers of wet mix macadam to ensure proper bonding. 6) Camber
and gradients should be checked and corrected where necessary.
20
CHECK LIST No. 12
Check list for Road Furnitures
A. FENCES
1) Review the plans, special provisions and right of way agreements for any spec
ial details. 2) Compare the planned location n with actual conditions in the fie
ld to ensure that fences, gates, openings etc will serve the purpose, as intende
d. 3) Fences should not obstruct flow in streams or drainage areas. 4) Check tha
t the areas in which fences are to be placed are graded and that high points, wh
ich interfere with placing of wire mesh are excavated. 5) Examine the fence mate
rial so that it satisfies requirements. 6) Observe the placing of fence posts an
d measure the spacing. Observe the placement of corner posts and pull posts to e
nsure that they are placed at required locations and in accordance with specifie
d details. Also check that the proper type and number of brace posts and diagona
l wires are used. 7) The barbed wire mesh is placed on the property owner's side.
For chain link fence, the fabric is generally placed on the highway side. 8) Ens
ure that fencing is snubbed or guyed at all grade depressions as specified.
B. MARKERS AND DELINEATORS
1) Review the list of markers and delineators shown on the plans. 2) Examine the
markers and delineators to ensure that they are as specified. Required certific
ates of compliance shall be obtained from quality control inspectors. 3) Observe
the installation to ensure that it is performed as specified. Check installatio
n of target plates and ensure washers are used and that the nuts are not tighten
ed to the extent that the enamel is cracked.
C. RAILINGS AND BARRIERS General
1) Make a careful review of the required details. Review the locations in the fi
eld. 2) Review the stakes and layout work. Ascertain the offsets and flares are
as per the plans.
Metal Beam Guard Railing
1) Measure woods posts or concrete posts, they should satisfy the standards. 2)
Ensure that bolt holes in treated posts are filled with grease when required. 3)
Observe backfilling of post holes to see that this is performed as specified. P
osts should be set to the full depth shown on the plans. 21
4) Measure the spacing of posts and ensure they are as per specifications. 5) En
sure that the blocks for metal beam guard railing are toe nailed to timber posts
and properly fixed with nuts and bolls on the concrete posts. 6) Ensure that ra
il elements are lapped so that the exposed ends will not face approaching traffi
c. Check bolts for tightness. 7) Measure the height of the railing or barriers a
bove the ground to ensure that it is as shown on the plans. 8) Ensure that conne
ctions to bridge railings, retaining walls, abutments or other flat surfaces are
made as specified. 9) Ensure that anchor assemblies are constructed as specifie
d. Cable clips should be installed in the proper directions and tightened to the
required torque. 10) Where posts are installed in loose soil or near the edge o
f embankments, it may be necessary to use longer posts. 11) Concrete anchors and
footings must be built according to the dimensions shown on the plans. Check ho
les immediately prior to placing concrete. 12) Bolts must be long enough so that
nuts are threaded completely into the bolt. Be sure that no more than 12mm of b
olt is exposed on the traffic side of the rail. 13) Ensure that flares are const
ructed as per the plans.
Concrete Barriers
1) Check that no concrete barriers or railing is placed on new structures until
the false work is released. 2) Review the provisions for closing the temporary g
aps in barriers during construction. 3) Check the forms whether they conform to
the guidelines and specifications. 4) When extrusion or slip form machineries ar
e used in concrete barrier construction, inspect the grade upon which the machin
e will ride to determine if it is smooth enough to prevent foreseeable violation
s of specified tolerances. 5) Check the relevant specifications and check lists
for producing, placing, finishing and curing cement concrete to be used. 6) Equi
pment and concrete design should be such, in extended or slip form barrier place
ment, that no hand finishing other than the light brush finish is required. It i
s desirable to have the traffic face surface of the barrier as smooth as possibl
e.
Pipe Hand Railing
1) Determine that materials and methods used in anchorage and connections are as
specified and as shown in the drawings. 2) Ensure that cables, chain link fabri
c and tension wires are connected properly, stretched and tightened as required.
3) Check railings for proper alignment, appearance and workmanship. 22
D. LANE MARKINGS
1) Review the signing and marking plans, any special requirements and other stan
dard details. 2) Inspect the equipment for specification compliance. Determine m
ethods for checking spread rates of paint and glass beads, application temperatu
res of thermo plastic materials and maximum temperature of paint. 3) Check pavem
ent temperature prior to application of thermoplastic material. Check atmospheri
c temperature and conditions prior to applying paint. 4) Check condition of the
pavement prior to application. The pavement should be dry and clean. 5) Check wh
ether the stencils will produce correctly dimensioned pavement markings. 6) Chec
k the layout work. Determine whether the pavement markings will be correctly loc
ated. 7) Ensure that the thermoplastic material is placed within the correct tem
perature range. Thermoplastic material heated to excessive temperatures can flas
h and splatter when exposed to air. Temperature gauges mounted on heating equipm
ent should be checked for accuracy. 8) Check the lane stripe for correct width a
nd edge definition, lengths of gaps and individual stripes, alignment and correc
t super imposition of second coats. 9) Any drips, over spray, improper markings,
and material tracked by traffic shall be removed. 10) Check applied thermoplast
ic material for compliance with thickness requirements. 11) Check application ra
tes for glass beads and paint. 12) Check thermoplastic markings for workmanship
as they are applied. .Bumps resulting from overlaps in extruded materials should
not be permitted.
23
CHECK LIST No. 13
Check list for Pipe Culverts
The works can be of two types, extension or new construction. In the case of pip
e culverts the mark out, excavation, bedding and placing of the pipes are most i
mportant and any mistake in these activities cannot be corrected except by compl
ete removal and reconstruction.
PRE-CONSTRUCTION STAGE
1) Test soil and see if it matches design value. If the culvert is in Black Cott
on Soil, an extra 150mm of hard granular blanket should be provided to ensure pi
pes do not sink both below the headwalls and below pipes. If the surface is rock
y, a concrete bedding may be necessary to cover the undulation in the rock surfa
ce. 2) Pipe should be tested in accordance with IS: 458 (Concrete pipes with and
without reinforcement) for the relevant clauses like NP3 and NP4. 3) Check for
the identification marks left on the pipes while inspection and testing of pipes
were carried out in the manufacturing plant. 4) Check for any cracks in the pip
es, which might have been caused during transportation or loading and unloading.
CONSTRUCTION STAGE a) Excavation
The excavation should be as per drawings but the following should be checked: Th
e length of excavation caters for the number of pipes plus the spacing of pipes,
G which should be half the diameter of the pipes but not less than 45cms. The d
epth of excavation should cater for the following: G Cushion above pipe of minim
um 60cm of half the dia. or the pipe including pavements. If the required cushio
n is not available due to low embankment embed the pipe in concrete. A minimum o
f 200mm thick PCC or 150mm RCC all round the pipe shall be provided. Granular/co
ncrete bedding and foundation depending upon the height of embankment as per rel
evant IRC clauses, if necessary. 1/3 of pipe dia or 300mm will be buried below n
ala bed to prevent scour. The distances between trenches for foundation of headw
alls are such that it suits the proposed pipe lengths.
b)
Foundation and Bedding
1) Check excavation is correct. 2) Check mix proportion of PCC is as specified.
3) Check thickness and material of bedding is as specified. 24
4) Check cradles are provided for resting of pipe joints. 5) Check length of pip
e is same as the distance between the outer surfaces of the headwalls. 6) Check
proper foundation in case of Black Cotton/Soft soil and concrete bedding in case
of rocky strata is provided.
c)
Placing of Pipes 1) Check spacing between pipes is not less than 1/2 dia. of pip
e or 50 cms, which ever is more.
2) Check pipes do not protrude beyond the headwalls. 3) Check cross slope of pip
es is as per design. 4) Check joints of pipes properly done using collars or oth
er methods as per specifications. Joints shall be sealed with mortar, rubber gas
kets or other sealing materials. 5) Check pipe joints properly cradled. Joints s
hall be kept covered and damp for at least 4 days.
d)
Headwalls
1) Check headwall foundation is as per drawing. 2) Check headwall constructed as
per design. If the same is of un-course rubble ensure headers are used. 3) UCR
masonry cannot be constructed properly to have a watertight joint at outer surfa
ce of pipe at headwalls. In that case the pipes should be encased in 1:2:4 CC ne
ar the headwalls to prevent floodwater from entering around the pipes. 4) Ensure
curing for 7 days.
e)
Filling Earth over Pipes
1) Ensure the culvert is filled with approved earth in layers not more than 30cm
s, watered and compacted. 2) Ensure filling material free of boulders and black
cotton or other unsuitable soils. 3) Initial compaction should be done manually.
4) Rolling to be done only after 30cm of earth has been laid over the pipes.
f)
General
In general embankment is formed to the full height as required in the profile an
d plan drawings. Then the pipe culverts are marked and excavated for pipe laying
. This will ensure better compacted embankment on either side of the pipes. Afte
r laying the pipe, the excavated portion can be filled with granular material an
d properly compacted so that no settlement takes place. In case pipes are laid b
efore embankment is constructed, the portion between the pipe rows and for a wid
th of 0.6 to 0.75m on either side of the pipe shall be backfilled with coarse gr
anular materials and rolled along with earthwork.
25
CHECK LIST No. 14
Check list for Slab Culverts And Bridges
A. FOUNDATIONS PRE-CONSTRUCTION STAGE
1) Confirm line out and position of abutments. 2) Confirm sub-soil investigation
has been carried out up to 3m below design foundation depth and design assumpti
ons match actual site conditions. a. Soil Investigation for foundation: IS: 1498
, IS: 1888, IS: 1892, IS: 2131, IS: 2720, IS: 4434, IS: 1968 and IRC: 75. b. Fou
ndations resting on Rock: IS: 5313, IS: 4464, IS: 7292, IS: 7317 and IS: 7746 fo
r in-situ tests. 3) Check drawings are available at site. 4) Check materials lik
e aggregate, sand, cement, HYSD bars have been tested as per Appendix A and test
results are satisfactory. 5) Check adequate numbers of moulds are available for
taking CC cubes for testing. 6) Check curing arrangements are adequate. 7) Chec
k the required compressive strength of concrete for various items and mix design
s are available. 8) Check equipment and plant like weigh-batching machines, conc
rete mixers, water measuring arrangements, Vibrators etc. are available. 9) Chec
k quality control equipment like slump cones are available. 10) Check whether th
e area to be concreted is free from standing water. The area shall be properly d
ewatered and kept clean before concreting. 11) If underwater concreting is to be
done, ensure that the same is done through tremie pipes, or drop bottom buckets
or any other approved methods. 12) Before concreting check the weather. If extr
eme weather concreting is to be done, ensure necessary precautionary methods as
stipulated in the specifications. No concreting shall be done if the atmospheric
temperature is above 35C or below 5C. The concrete temperature should be less tha
n 40C (or more than 40C) and not less than 5C. 13) Ensure that proper platforms or
pathways are laid for movement of people in and around the concreting area and t
hey are sound and safe.
CONSTRUCTION STAGE
1) Check the load tickets if concrete is delivered through transit mixers or agi
tators. 2) Check that the transported concrete is not segregated and contains no
cement balls. 26
3) Check that no additional water added during hauling or at delivery point with
out an prior instructions. If water is to be added, check that it is mixed as sp
ecified. 4) Ensure that concrete is placed while fresh and before it has taken a
n initial set. Ensure that stiffening of concrete has not taken place in case of
transported concrete. 5) Observe the method of placing of concrete and ensure c
oncrete to placed without any segregation and it is being compacted by specified
vibrators. 6) Check that no over vibration takes place. Concrete shall be vibra
ted to the point where mortar and water flush to the surface. Under vibration wi
ll leave rock pockets contact between the vibrator and any reinforcement should
be minimum, if possible avoid such contacts. 7) If concreting is done through ch
utes, ensure that segregation of mortar and aggregate does not take place. In ca
se the drop height is more, a remixing of concrete shall be done before placing.
8) Ensure that the drop of concrete shall not be more than 1.5 meters (as per s
ection 1709). 9) In case of underwater concreting, ensure that extra 10% cement
is added in the mix over and above the required cement quantity as decided in th
e mix design. 10) If any use of admixtures is allowed, check whether they are be
ing mixed as per the specifications or approvals. 11) If concrete is pumped, ens
ure that approved type of pump is being used. Ensure that no segregation takes p
lace in pipes. Ensure that a continuous pumping is done. In case of frequent sto
ppages, the pumps are to be cleaned properly other wise, the pumped material wil
l remain in the pipelines. In that case cleaning will be very tedious concreting
operation may have to be stopped till the pump and pipelines are cleaned. 12) C
arry out slump test to ensure correct water cement ratio. 13) Ensure mix design
being followed. 14) Ensure adequate CC cubes collected for testing, as per Cl.17
16.2
1) Ensure curing earned out for 14 days. 2) Ensure CC cubes tested for 7 days an
d 28 days strength. In case of M:35 concrete 56 and 90 days strengths must also
be determined and found satisfactory.
B. ABUTMENTS, PIERS AND SLABS PRE-CONSTRUCTION STAGE
In addition to the pre-construction checks for foundation, the following additio
nal checks will be carried out: 1) Formwork is of desired quality and rigidly fi
xed. Special care is required to be taken for second and subsequent lifts to avo
id bulging and honeycombing at junction of lifts. 27
2) Confirm reinforcement is correctly tied as per drawings. 3) Approved type of
vibrators are available and in working condition.
CONSTRUCTION STAGE
1) Check slab thickness, wall thickness and the area to be concreted is clean fr
om an foreign materials. 2) Ensure mix design is followed. 3) Carry out workabil
ity tests such as slump test to ensure correct water cement ratio. 4) Ensure app
roved type of vibrators are used. 5) In case of abutments and wing walls ensure
weep holes are provided at specific horizontal and vertical spacing. 6) Check th
e surface, in case of slab with straight edge. Remove any depressions and irregu
larities. 7) Ensure adequate CC cubes (as per Table 1700.8) collected for testin
g. 8) Ensure that water is not used as a finishing aid. If approved, use approve
d chemical finishing aids or evaporation retardants. 9) During placing of concre
te, check for any movement or deformation of forms have the permissible toleranc
e limits. 10) Ensure that required cover for reinforcement is maintained and not
disturbed while placing concrete.
1) 2) 3) 4) Ensure date of casting painted on surface as soon as side forms are
removed. Ensure curing carried out for H days. Ensure that the formwork/false wo
rk is removed after stipulated time. Ensure CC cubes tested as per `aid down norms
and the results are satisfactory.
C. APPROACHES TO CULVERT/BRIDGE
1) Ensure soil used for back filling is of approved material. 2) Ensure embankme
nt built, up in layers of 30cm compacted to 20cms. Test compaction of each layer
by field density test. 98% compaction is necessary. 3) Ensure invert filters ar
e provided at weep holes. D. PROTECTIVE WORKS All checks as listed at Check list
2 will be carried out. If additional protective works like aprons orflood prote
ction bunds have been provided for in the designs, it will be verified that thes
e are constructed as per drawings and specifications.
28
CHECK LIST No. 15
Check list for Formwork Inspection
LOCATION:
YES
DATED:
NO
N.A.
1. Formwork design/drawing/sketch approved including de-shuttering arrangements
2. Trial panel approved (if required) 3. Formwork alignment correct 4. Formwork
levels correct, including screeds 5. Formwork dimensions correct 6. Formwork mem
ber spacing correct 7. Formwork member material quality acceptable 8. False work
member sizes correct 9. False work member spacing correct 10. False work member
material quality acceptable 11. Gaps between primary and secondary members clos
ed/wedged. 12. Face boarding/plywood/metal thickness correct 13. Joints between
panels closed (no gaps) 14. Joints between panels flush (no steps/lips) 15. Pane
l flatness acceptable 16. Gaps between secondary members and face panels closed
17. Tie rod material and sizes correct 18. Tie rod spacing correct 19. Tie rods
tight, face cones flush 20. Spacers between shutter surface tightly fitting 21.
Box outs, cast-in-items, ducts fixed correct, securely 22. Pre-stressing sheathi
ng and vents, alignments and spacing of supports acceptable 23. Empty sheathing
secured against floatation 24. Pre-stressing anchorage positions and fixing acce
ptable 25. Chamfers/fillets sizes, straightness, fixing acceptable 26. Formwork
clean 27. Formwork release oil material approved 28. Form work release oil [Mate
rial applied correctly 29. Construction joint preparation satisfactory 30. Safe
access constructed 31. Adequate workspace provided for labour, equipment 32. Shu
tter vibrator (if required) location and fixing arrangements approved 29
CHECK LIST No. 16
Check list for Reinforcement Inspection
LOCATION:
EXECUTING AGENCY INSPECTION REQUEST NO. REF. DRAWING NO.
DATED:
YES NO 1. Working drawing checked and approved 2. Latest revision being used 3.
Bar schedules approved 4. Reinforcement steel material approved 5. Bar bending a
nd cutting satisfactory 6. Formwork member spacing correct 7. Corrosion treatmen
t of bars, if required, satisfactory 8. Bar sizes correct 9. Bar lap lengths cor
rect 10. Bar laps at correct locations 11. Bar tied as specified (check proper q
uality binding wires are used) 12. Bar assembly rigid and adequately supported (
Including spacers/chair supports) 13. Cover to bottom bars correct 14. Cover to
side bars correct 15. Cover to top bars correct 16. Cover blocks approved includ
ing fixing
N.A.
Inspected by:
(For Executing Agency)
Signed
Date
Approved by:
(For Engineer)
Signed
Date
30
CHECK LIST No.17
Check list for inspection before approval to Concrete
LOCATION:
EXECUTING AGENCY INSPECTION REQUEST NO. DATED:
YES/NO CHECK OR N.A. INITIAL 1. Method statement approved 2. Batching plant mixe
rs in working order (Separate dispenser for admixture, if required, available) 3
. Standby batcher in working order 4. Water, sand, coarse aggregate, cement, adm
ixture approved 5. Water, sand, coarse aggregate, admixture, cement
stock sufficient
6. Concrete conveying arrangement (including transit mixers) available in workin
g condition and of sufficient capacity. 7. Formwork/scaffolding approved 8. Rein
forcement approved 9. Pre-stressing sheathing approved 10. Concreting equipment
in working order 11. Standby crane, vibrators present 12. Tremie in working orde
r (for under water work) 13. Concrete gang present, including carpenter, steel f
ixer, mechanics and electricians 14. Access like walkways are provided 15. Safet
y arrangements adequate 16. Lighting provided 17. Communication between various
points provided 18. Arrangements for arranging suspension/stoppage of concrete p
rovided 19. Curing arrangements made 20. Laboratory notified
Inspected by
(for Executing Agency)
Signed
Date
Approved by
(for Engineer)
Signed
Date 31
CHECK LIST No.18
Check list for Post Concreting Inspection
LOCATION:
Date of : Date of pour: Curing: Method Start date: Checks S or NS * Curing: Whet
her properly done as specified and curing register maintained. 1. Class of finis
h 2. Surface Defects: (honeycombing/sand streaks/air bubbles/cold joints) Non co
nformance report No. 3. Cracks: No defects Minor defects Major efects Date: No c
racks Cracks Nature of cracks: 4. Any other defects 5. If cracking noticed 6. Po
sition/Dimensions: Alignment Levels Dimension - Non conformance report no.: *S =
Satisfactory, NS = Not Satisfactory Remarks: S or NS S or NS S or NS Date of si
de shutter stripped: Class of finish specified: Finish date:
Inspected by:
(for Executing Agency)
Signed
Date
Approved by:
Signed
Date 32
CHECK LIST No.19
Check List for Batching And Pouring Of Concrete
CONCRETE MIXING
1) Check the concrete grade and the respective mix Design already approved. 2) C
heck the condition of aggregates to be used. 3) Check the weighing and water dis
pensing methods adopted during the mixing. 4) Check whether the mixer machine ha
s been cleaned properly. 5) Check whether required mixing time is allowed.
TRANSPORTATION/CONVEYANCE OF CONCRETE
1) Check whether the equipment is in proper working order. 2) Check whether spec
ified methods are being followed. 3) Check whether the stipulated time limits ar
e observed. 4) Check whether non-conforming wet concrete is being rejected and d
isposed off.
PLACING OF CONCRETE
1) Check whether the concrete is not segregated during pour. The height of dropp
ing is controlled. It should not exceed 1.5m. 2) Check whether the concrete is p
oured in layers of about 300 mm. 3) Check that the vibrator is applied systemati
cally to compact uniformly and adequately. 4) Avoid over vibration. 5) Concrete
shall not be pulled or pushed. Pouring should be done close to the final positio
n. 6) Cold joints are not allowed to be developed. 7) Under water concrete shall
be poured only by tremies or pipeline. 8) The forms are not displaced or deform
ed during the concrete pour and vibration. 9) No slurry loss. Suitable no. of ca
rpenters should be present and watch formwork during the pour. 10) The concrete
is poured within the allowable time limits from the time of batching. 11) Concre
te cubes are taken as required as per table 1700.8 of MO Check the curing arrang
ements whether they are satisfactory.
33
APPENDIX D:
Proposed Methodology for Rectifying The Dimensional Control Failure
1. Subgrade: Where the sub grade is high, it shall be trimmed and suitably compa
cted. Where the same is low, the deficiency shall be corrected by scarifying the
lower layer and adding fresh material and recompacting to the required density.
2. Granular Sub Base: Same as at (i) above except that the degree of compaction
and the type of material to be used shall confirm to the requirement of Clause
401. 3. Wet Mix Macadam: Where the surface is high or low, the top 75 mm shall b
e scarified, reshaped with added material as necessary and re-compacted to Claus
e 406.6. Where the surface irregularity of the Wet Mix Macadam exceeds the permi
ssible tolerances or where the course is otherwise defective due to subgrade soi
l getting mixed with the aggregates, the full thickness of the layer shall be sc
arified over the affected area, reshaped with added premixed material or removed
and replaced with fresh premixed material as applicable and re-compacted in acc
ordance with Clause 406.3. The area treated in the aforesaid manner shall not be
less than 5m long and 2m wide. In no case shall depressions be filled up with u
nmixed and ungraded material or fines. 4. Bituminous Constructions: For bitumino
us construction other than wearing course, where the surface is low, the deficie
ncy shall be corrected by adding fresh material over a suitable tack coat if nee
ded and re-compacting to specifications. Where the surface is high, the full dep
th of the layer shall be removed and replaced with fresh material and compacted
to specifications. For wearing course, where the surface is high or low, the ful
l depth of the layer shall be removed and replaced with fresh material and compa
cted to specifications. In all cases where the removal and replacement of a bitu
minous layer is involved, the area treated shall not be less than 5m in length a
nd not less than 3.5m in width. 5. Dry Lean Concrete Sub-base: The defective len
gth of the course shall be removed to full depth and replaced with material conf
irming to Clause 601 or 603, as applicable. The area treated shall be at least 3
m long, not less than 1 lane wide and extend to the full depth. Before relaying
the course, the disturbed sub-grade or layer below shall be corrected by levelli
ng, watering and compacting. Loose/segregated or defective areas may be correcte
d by using fresh lean concrete material laid and compacted as per specifications
. For repairing honey combed surface, concrete with aggregate of size 10 mm and
below shall be spread and corrected. Any level/thickness deficiency should be co
rrected after applying concrete with aggregates of size I0mm and below after rou
ghening the surface. 6. Cement Concrete Pavement: The defective areas having sur
face irregularity exceeding 3mm but not greater than 6mm may be rectified by bum
p cutting or scrabbling or grinding using approved equipment. When required by t
he Consultant, areas which have been reduced in level by the above operation(s)
shall be retextured in an approved manner either by cutting grooves (5mm deep) o
r roughening the surface by hacking the surface. If high areas in excess 6mm or
low areas in excess of 3mm occur, exceeding the permitted numbers and if the Exe
cuting Agency cannot rectify, the slab shall be demolished and reconstructed at
the Executing Agency's expense and in no case the area removed shall be less than
the full width of the lane in which the irregularity occurs and full length of t
he slab. If deemed necessary by the Consultant, any section of the slab, which d
eviates from the specified levels and tolerances, shall be demolished and recons
tructed at the Executing Agency's expense.
34
Government of Andhra Pradesh
Roads & Buildings Department
Communicated by
ADVISOR
Quality control for R&B Department
Hyderabad, A.P.

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