Inequalities

Inequalities
Quantitative Aptitude & Business Statistics

Quantitative Aptitude & Business
Statistics: Inequalities
2
Linear Inequalities in one variable
and solution space
Any linear function that involves an
inequality sign (< or >or or > ) is a
linear inequality.
It may be one variable or may be
more than one variable .The
Simplest examples of linear equation
of one variable are x >0 or x > 0

3
Linear inequalities can be represented on
a number line as given below.

-3
-
2
-1 0
1 2 3
x>0
4
Linear inequalities can be represented on a
number line as given below.

-3
-2
-1
0
1
2 3
x0
5
The vale of the variables that satisfy
an inequality are called the solution
space .
6
Linear Inequalities of two
variables
An expression of the type
ax +b y c or ax+ by > c or
ax+ by<c or ax+ by>c, where a,b
and c are real numbers ,is linear
inequality in two variables x and
y.
7
An ordered pair (x
1
,y
1
) is said to be
solution ax+ by c if a
1
x+b
1
yc
The set of all such solutions is called
the solution set of the linear
inequality ax+ by c.
An equality is sometimes known as
in equation.

8
Graph of Inequality
Practical steps involved in Drawing a
graph of Inequality.
Step 1:Write down the inequality as an
equality
Step2:Form a table of values of the
equation
ax+ by +c=0

9
Step 3 Plot the points of the table
obtained in step 2in XOY plane join
them.
A) If the inequality is or>=the line draw
should be thick
B) If the inequality is >or<,the line draw
should be dotted.
C) This line will divide XOY plane in two
regions.
10
Step4:Determine the which the given
equation is satisfied.
This is done by taking any arbitrary
point (x
1
,y
1
) is taken as (0,0) substitute
the coordinates in the given in equation.
1)If the given in equation is satisfied by
(x
1
,y
1
) ,then the region containing this
point is desired region.

11
2) If the point (x
1
,y
1
) does not satisfy
the given in equation ,then the
region not containing this point in
the desired region.
Step5: Shade the desired region
12
Example-1
Solve y<3 graphically
13

X
0
1
2
3
1 2 3
4 5
6
7
Y=3
-1
-1
14
Example-2
Solve 2x-3 0

2x-3 = 0 or x=3/2

15

X
0
2x-3 > 0
1.5
16
Example-3
Draw the graph of inequation2x+y > 0
Solution We shall first draw the graph
of the equation
2x+y=10 or y=10-2x

17
Table for Y=10-2x
x 2 4 5
y 6 2 0
18

X
Y
0
(5,0)
A
B(4,2)
C(2,6)
Region
19
Example-4
Sketch the graph of the linear in
equality
3x+4y<24
Table for 3x+2y=24

x 8 0
Y 0 6
20

X
0
A(8,0)
B(0,6)
X
Y
X
21
Example-5
Draw the graph of the Inequalities
2x+3y6 and 5x+3y 15 ; x,y > 0
1) Graph of 2x+3y =6 or y=

3
2 6 x
x 0 3
y 2 0
22
ii) Graph of 5x+3y=15 or
y=
3
2 15 x
x 0 3
y 5 0
23

X
Y
0
P(0,2)
R(0,5)
5x+3y=15
2x+3y=15
O(3,0)
24
Example-6
A company produces two products A and
B ,each of which requires processing in
two machines .The first machine can be
used at most for 60hours ,the second
machine can be used at most for 40 hours
.The product A requires 2 hours on
machine one and one hour on machine
two .
25
Contd.,
The product B requires one hour on
machine on machine one and two hours
on machine two. Express above situation
linear inequalities.

26
Solution
Let the company produce ,x number of
product A and y number of product B.
As each of product A requires 2 hours in
machine one and one hour in machine
two ,x number of product A requires 2x
hours in machine one and x hours in
machine two.
27
Solution contd.,
But machine one can be used 60hours
and machine two for 40hours
Hence 2x+y cannot exceed 60 and
x+2y cannot exceed 40
In other words
2x+y60 and x+2y40
28
Example-7
A fertilizer company produces two
types of fertilizers called grade I and
grade II .Each of these types processed
two critical plant units .Plant A has
maximum of 120hours in a week and
plant B has maximum of 180 hours
available in a week..

29
Example contd.,
Manufacturing one bag of grade I
fertilizer requires 6 hours in plant A and
4 hours in plant B .
Manufacturing one bag of grade II
fertilizer requires 3 hours in plant A and
10 hours in plant B .
Express this using linear inequalities

30
Solution
Let us denote by x1 ,the number bags of
fertilizers of grade I and
X2 be the number bags of fertilizers of
grade II produced in a week.
We given that grade I fertilizer requires
6hours of plant A and grade II fertilizer
requires 3 hours of plant A and plant A
has maximum of 120hours available in a
week

31
Contd.,

Thus 6x
1
+3x
2
120
Similarly grade I fertilizer requires 4
hours in plant B and grade II fertilizer
requires 10hours in plant B and plant B
has maximum of 180 hours available in a
week .Hence we get the inequality
4x
1
+10x
2
180
32
Example-8
A company manufactures two types of
cloth using three different colours of wool
.One yard length of type A cloth requires
100gm of red wool ,125 gm of green wool
and 75 gm of yellow wool. One yard
length of type B cloth requires 125 gm of
red wool, 50 gm of green wool and 200gm
of yellow wool and.
33
The wool available for manufactures is
25 kg of red as well as green wool and
30kg of yellow wool .
Express the above items of linear in
equalities, draw the graph of these
inequalities and indicate the common
region

34
Let us assume that x yard length of cloth
of type A and y yard length of type B
have been manufactured .
The given condition allow us to write
100x+125y25000 ;4x+5Y1000

1
200 250
+
y x
35
125x+50Y25000;5x+2y1000

75x+125y30000;3x+8y1200

1
500 200
+
y x
1
150 400
+
y x
0 , 0 y x
36
X
Y
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
75x+200y30,000
100x+25y25,000
125x+50y25000
0
37

Multiple choice Questions
38
1.On the average experienced person
does 5 units of work while a fresh one 3
units of work daily but the employer has
to maintain an output of at least 30 units
of work per day. This situation can be
expressed as
39

A) 5x + 3y 30
B) 5x + 3y >30
C) 5x + 3y 30
D) None of these

40

A) 5x + 3y 30
B) 5x + 3y >30
C) 5x + 3y 30
D) None of these

41
2.An employer recruits experienced (x)
and fresh workmen (y) for his firm under
the condition that he cannot employ more
than 9 people. x and y can be related by
the inequality
42
A) x + y > 9
B) x + y < 9
C) x + y = 9
D) None of these
43
A) x + y > 9
B) x + y < 9
C) x + y = 9
D) None of these
44
3.Mr. A plans to invest upto Rs.30,000 in
two stocks X and Y. Stock X(x) is priced
at Rs.175 and Stock Y(y) at Rs.95 per
share. This can be shown by
45
A) 175x+95y < 30,000
B) 175x+95y > 30,000
C) 175x+95y = 30,000
D) None of these
46
A) 175x+95y < 30,000
B) 175x+95y > 30,000
C) 175x+95y = 30,000
D) None of these
47
4.A firm plans to purchase hens (x) for its
canteen. There cannot be more than 20
hens, this can be shown by
A) x < 20
B) x = 20
C) x > 2
D) Nome of these
48
4.A firm plans to purchase hens (x) for its
canteen. There cannot be more than 20
hens, this can be shown by
A) x < 20
B) x = 20
C) x > 2
D) Nome of these
49
5 .A dealer has only Rs.5760 to invest in
fans (x) and sewing machines (y). The
cost per unit of fan and sewing machine is
Rs.360 and Rs.240 respectively. This can
be shown by:
50
A) 360x + 240y > 5760
B) 360x + 240y < 5760
C) 360x + 240y = 5760
D) None of these.

51
A) 360x + 240y > 5760
B) 360x + 240y < 5760
C) 360x + 240y = 5760
D) None of these.

52
6.In a class of boys (x) and girls (y) the
maximum seating capacity is 360. This
can be shown by
A) x + y < 360
B) x + y > 360
C) x + y 36o
D) None of these

53
6.In a class of boys (x) and girls (y) the
maximum seating capacity is 360. This can
be shown by
A) x + y < 360
B) x + y > 360
C) x + y 36o
D) None of these

54
7.The inequalities x > 0, y > 0 indicates
A) First quadrant
B) Second quadrant
C) Third quadrant
D) Fourth quadrant
55
7.The inequalities x > 0, y > 0 indicates
A) First quadrant
B) Second quadrant
C) Third quadrant
D) Fourth quadrant
56
8. The inequalities x < 0, y < 0 indicates
A) Third quadrant
B) First quadrant
C) Second quadrant
D) Fourth quadrant
57
8. The inequalities x < 0, y < 0 indicates
A) Third quadrant
B) First quadrant
C) Second quadrant
D) Fourth quadrant
58
9. An employer recruits experienced and
fresh workmen for his firm under the
condition that he cannot employ more
than 12 people. It can be related by the
inequality
59
A) x + y = 12
B) x + y < 12
C) x + y > 12
D) None of the
60
A) x + y = 12
B) x + y < 12
C) x + y > 12
D) None of the
61
10. The inequalities x < 0, y > 0
represents
A) First quadrant
B) Second quadrant
C) Third quadrant
D) Fourth quadrant

62
10. The inequalities x < 0, y > 0
represents
A) First quadrant
B) Second quadrant
C) Third quadrant
D) Fourth quadrant

63
11. The inequalities x > 0, y < 0
represents
A) First quadrant
B) Second quadrant
C) Third quadrant
D) Fourth quadrant

64
11. The inequalities x > 0, y < 0
represents
A) First quadrant
B) Second quadrant
C) Third quadrant
D) Fourth quadrant

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Inequalities

Inequalities

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Inequalities

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Inequalities

Quantitative Aptitude & Business Statistics

Quantitative Aptitude & Business

Quantitative Aptitude & Business

Quantitative Aptitude & Business

Quantitative Aptitude & Business

Quantitative Aptitude & Business

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