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Questions 1 25 are based on the given stimuli. Study the information carefully and
choose the best answer.



German medical researchers have found that sildenafil enables climbers to better
tolerate hypoxia, or lack of oxygen while scaling mountains. Hypoxia causes
altitude sickness by constricting lung blood vessels, as well as triggering other
changes in the heart and lungs.


1 What is sildenafil used for?
A To produce oxygen.
B To repair lung blood vessels.
C To trigger changes in the heart.
D To relieve altitude sickness.



When a bee or a hummingbird collects nectar from a flower, pollen is brushed onto
its body and then rubbed off on the next flower. Certain plants have fruits with
indigestible seeds that pass through an animals body. Some fruits cling to an
animals fur while other plants rely on the wind to disperse the seeds.


2 From the text above, how many methods of seed dispersal are mentioned?
A Two
B Three
C Four
D Five












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Viruses are the smallest of all infectious agents, averaging about 100 nanometres in
length. They have so few genes and proteins that, in order to reproduce, they have
to commandeer the components of the cells they invade.


3 Which of the following statements is not true?
A Viruses are minute organisms.
B Viruses have limited genes and proteins.
C Viruses must reproduce before invading other cells.
D Viruses are dependent on other cells to reproduce.



Meat extract is made from fresh, lean meat in a vacuum kettle. The meat is boiled
until it loses all its colour and the water turns brown. Then the meat is removed and
the juice boiled again until most of the liquid has evaporated. As the remaining
extract cools, it forms a paste.


4 What is the main idea about meat extract?
A It is derived from dehydrated meat.
B It is obtained by boiling meat juice.
C It is a colourless semi-solid
D It is a fat-free liquid.










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Titanium alloys are used in the wings of supersonic aircrafts and space shuttles
where, unlike aluminium, they maintain their strength as they heat up at high
speeds.

5 What does the word strength suggest about titanium alloys?
A The composition of combined metals.
B The speed at which they travel.
C The ability to withstand heat.
D The altitude achieved.



Most scientists believe that the Moon was formed from the ejected material after
the Earth collided with a Mars-sized object. This catastrophic collision occurred
about 60 million years after Earth was formed about 4.3 billion years ago.


6 Which statement best describes the formation of the moon?
A The Moon was formed later than the Earth.
B The Moon was formed earlier than the Earth.
C The Moon was formed when it crashed into Mars.
D The Moon was formed when the Earth crashed into Mars.

















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Scrap metal, together with lime, is placed in a large furnace and heated until it
melts. Impurities in the steel combine with the lime to form slag. The purified steel
is then separated from the slag.


7 What is the purpose of the above process?
A To manufacture slag from scrap metal.
B To manufacture scrap metal from slag.
C To extract scrap metal from steel.
D To extract steel from scrap metal.


8 Why is lime added to the scrap metal?
A To get rid of impurities.
B To melt the scrap metal.
C To heat up the furnace.
D To purify the slag.



Layers or strata of clouds form when air rises slowly over a large area. Altostratus
and Cirrostratus clouds form at high levels with the latter reaching a higher altitude.
At a lower level, Nimbostratus clouds form followed by Stratus clouds which form
near the Earths surface.

9 Choose the correct sequence of the formation of strata clouds according to their
height in descending order.
A Cirrostratus - Altostratus - Stratus - Nimbostratus
B Cirrostratus - Altostratus - Nimbostratus - Stratus
C Altostratus - Cirrostratus - Stratus - Nimbostratus
D Altostratus - Cirrostratus - Nimbostratus - Stratus





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An invertebral disc consists of a jelly-like core surrounded by a fibrous cover. It
lies directly in between two vertebrae and acts as a shock absorber. A slipped
disc occurs when the fibrous cover develops a crack and the jelly-like material
inside bulges out. It may push on a nerve and cause pain.


10 Which of the following is true about the invertebral disc?
A It functions as a primary pain sensor.
B It surrounds two overlapping vertebrae.
C It induces shock in the vertebral column.
D It consists of a tough exterior and a soft interior.



The rocks of the continents are rich in silica and aluminium, grouped together as
sial. The rocks beneath the oceans are rich in silicon and magnesium, grouped
together as sima. They continue deep beneath the rocks of the continents.
Therefore, the continents are like huge rafts of sial floating in the sima.


11 What can we conclude from the above text?
A Sial has a lower density than sima.
B Silicon is rich in aluminium and magnesium.
C Aluminium and silicon have the same density.
D Aluminium and magnesium are always grouped together.














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Conventional protective vests heat up the body so much that firemen find the heat
too unbearable to carry out their work. Scientists have designed a new protective
vest with a series of pipes filled with vapour that soaks up the heat and releases it
via a vent. The vest allows firemen to work four times longer in temperatures
above 95
o
C.


12 What is the advantage of the new protective vest?
A It contains heat-resistant vapour.
B It reduces the temperature of the fire.
C It dissipates the body heat more efficiently.
D It utilises conventional heat radiation techniques.



Asphalt, a black cement-like substance, is separated from crude petroleum by
refining methods that also produce gasoline, kerosene and other products. Usually
gasoline and other products with low boiling points are removed by a distillation
process. The oil that remains is commonly called topped crude which is refined to
produce asphalt.


13 Which of the following statements is true?
A Topped crude has a low boiling point.
B Topped crude has a high boiling point.
C Crude petroleum is derived from topped crude.
D Crude petroleum is also known as topped crude.












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Acid Use
Sulphuric acid To make detergents and car batteries
Tataric acid To make soft drinks
Nitric acid To make plastics and explosives
Hydrocholric acid To make disinfectants and liquid washing agents

14 Which of the following is probably used to make bleach?
A Hydrochloric acid.
B Sulphuric acid.
C Tataric acid.
D Nitric acid.



When the eggs of pinworms are swallowed, they hatch in the gut. Within two or
four weeks, the female adult worms move down the gut to the anus where they lay
thousands of tiny eggs. The glue that helps the eggs stick to the anus causes the
skin to itch. The eggs can stick to the fingers or under the fingernails and are easily
transferred to the mouth, food or other people.


15 Which of the following shows the lifecycle of the pinworm?
A Mouth anus gut fingers
B Mouth gut anus mouth
C Gut anus finger fingernails
D Anus gut fingernails mouth











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Carbon monoxide is a colourless, odourless, neutral gaseous oxide. It is sparingly
soluble in water but is soluble in ethanol and benzene. It has a melting point of
-199
o
C and a boiling point of 91.5
o
C. Carbon monoxide is a flammable and highly
toxic gas. It is a neutral oxide which burns in air to give carbon dioxide. It is a good
reducing agent and is widely used in the chemical industry.


16 Why is carbon monoxide widely used in the chemical industry?
A It is a good reducing agent.
B It has a high boiling point.
C It is flammable.
D It is neutral.


Calorie Requirement (kJ)
Age Group
Males Females
Infants 3250 3000
Children 8250 8000
Adults 12000 9000
Elderly 9000 7000

17 What can we conclude from the above table?
A Children need more calories than adults.
B Elderly people need more calories than infants.
C Elderly females need more calories than children.
D Elderly males need more calories than adult females.






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Pills are mixed with solid citric acid and a solid carbonate to assist in their
dissolution. When the pills are put into water, the citric acid forms hydrogen ions
which react with the carbonate to produce bubbles of carbon dioxide gas. It is these
gas bubbles that spread the medicine throughout the water.


18 Which of the following make the pills dissolve faster?
A Carbon dioxide bubbles.
B Solid carbonate crystals.
C Solid citric acid.
D Hydrogen ions.



When the sugar cane arrives at the mill, shredders and crushers extract the juice and
create bagasse, a fibre that can be burned to heat the cane juice. Heating the juice
evaporates excess water and condenses the juice into thick syrup. Sugar granules
act as seed crystals, making the dissolved sugar in the syrup crystallise. When the
sugar has crystallised in the syrup, the mixture is spun in a centrifuge. This
separates the remaining syrup, called molasses, from the raw sugar crystals.


19 Why are the sugar granules added to the syrup?
A They fortify the syrup.
B They emulsify the syrup.
C They regulate the production of sugar crystals.
D They facilitate the formation of sugar crystals.












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20 At which stage is the excess water removed from the cane juice?












A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4



The contour feathers found in the tail and wings of birds are long and used as a
device for flight. The plumules or down traps heat to keep the birds warm. Their
barbs act as interlocking devices to hold the feathers in shape. They are crucial to
keep the feathers sturdy during flight. The filoplumes or hair feathers are not as
fluffy as down but are also used to keep the birds warm.


21 Based on the text, which of the following pairs is incorrectly matched?

Type of feather Function
A Contour feathers Aerodynamics
B Plumules Insulation
C Barbs Protection


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Geostationary satellites orbit at the same rate as the Earth turns on its axis. They
have high orbits and are placed at the height of 36,000 kilometres above the Earths
equator and take exactly one day to complete an orbit.


22 What makes a geostationary satellite appear to stay in the same position in the sky?
A It has a similar axis to that of the Earths.
B It takes 24 hours to complete one orbit around the Earth.
C It takes longer to revolve round the Earth due to its high orbit.
D It is located at a height of 36,000 kilometres above the equator.



MP3 is a popular audio encoding format. It is designed to greatly reduce the
amount of data required to represent the audio recording, yet still sound like a
faithful reproduction of the original uncompressed audio. MP3 is an audio-specific
format. It provides a representation of pulse-code modulationencoded audio in
much less space than straightforward methods, by using psychoacoustic models to
discard components less audible to human hearing, and recording the remaining
information in an efficient manner.


23 What is the advantage of MP3?
A MP3 produces similar sound to an audio recording.
B MP3 produces better sound quality than the original source.
C Audio recording in MP3 format takes up more data space.
D Audio recording in MP3 format filters unnecessary sounds.














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Nanotechnology is the science of manipulating the tiniest units of matter and
making use of the unusual properties many substances exhibit at these almost
incomprehensible scales.


24 What is the text mainly about?
A Effects of nanotechnology.
B Causes of nanotechnology.
C Functions of nanotechnology
D Limitations of nanotechnology



The sun constantly emits streams of electrically charged particles called solar wind,
which is mainly responsible for the weather conditions in space around the Earth.
Sometimes, huge blasts of particles are ejected, making the solar wind stronger.
This can disrupt the Earths magnetic field, which affects compasses and interferes
with radio signals.


25 Which of the following will not be affected by very strong solar winds?
A Talking on a mobile phone.
B Watching a live telecast via satellite.
C Determining directions using a compass.
D Listening to a song on a portable MP3 player.














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Questions 26 30 are based on the following passage.



Fluid lava usually wells up fairly slowly, giving plenty of time for any gases
to escape. Such volcanic eruptions are peaceful but the fluid lava may flow great
__26___ to form a very large volcano with a gently sloping dome.
Thicker lava traps gas 27 which may burst at the surface and send a
shower of lava and volcanic bombs. These explosive eruptions 28 a lot of ash
and form steep-sided cinder cones which often have a beautiful symmetrical shape.
Really thick lava hardly flows at all. It is 29 out of the volcano like a
toothpaste from a tube. Sometimes such lava forms a volcano plug and gases
__ 30 up inside. These may eventually make the whole volcano explode.


26 A areas
B depths
C volumes
D distances

27 A ripples
B bubbles
C currents
D torrents

28 A distil
B display
C displace




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29 A drawn
B pulled
C sucked
D squeezed

30 A burn
B build
C break





KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT




























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Name : .................. Class: ..

ENGLISH FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (PAPER 2)

ANSWER SHEET

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