AGRICULTURAL

DEVELOPMENT
Agriculture:
The Backbone of the Nation
CONTRIBUTIONS OF AGRICULTURE
Supply raw materials to industry
Increase income
Release of labor force in agriculture
to industry
Export earnings of country
Job creation
Balanced development
PROBLEMS OF
AGRICULTURE
Risky business
Financing
Production
Processing
Marketing
Lack of government
support
Prices of agricultural
products are not stable
Limited land to cultivate
Definition of terms
LAND REFORM : full range of
measure that may or should be
taken to improve or remedy the
defects in the relationship
among men with respect to their
rights in the land
It is concerned with rights in
land, and their character,
strength and distribution


AGRARIAN REFORM :
includes land reform and the
reform and development of
complementary institutional
framework such as
administrative agencies of the
government
It focuses on broader set of
issues: the class
character of the relations
of production and
distribution in farming and
related enterprises, and
how these connect to the
wider class structure

Land tenure
structure ; one or
more types of land
tenure systems
regulating the rights
to ownership and
control and usage
of land and the
duties
accompanying
such rights
Production
structure : relates
to the nature, type
and modus
operandi as well as
the actual
production or farm
operation

RELIGIOUS ASPECT
Biblical background
Papal teachings
Church estates
Moral aspect
Peace and internal stability
Landowner is more than
compensated
Injustice in landlordism
Innate tendency of man to own
land

ECONOMIC ASPECTS
Vital position in national
economy
Obstacle top agricultural
productivity
An instrument for increasing
agricultural productivity
SOCIO-CULTURAL
It is a multifaceted
program
Assumption about
Filipino tenant farmers

ASPECTS OF AGRARIAN REFROM
COMPREHENSIVE AGRARIAN
REFORM LAW
( R.A. 6657)
Agrarian Reform
is the
redistribution of
lands to farmers
and regular farm
workers who are
landless,
irrespective of
tenurial
arrangements
VISION
A nation where there is equitable
land ownership with empowered
agrarian reform beneficiaries
who are effectively managing
their economic and social
development for a better
quality of life
MISSION
CARP seeks massive and rapid
increase in agricultural productivity
and improvement of access of the
masses to resources, particularly
land
Comprehensive Agrarian Reform
Program:
Redistribution of agricultural
land; the education and
organization of beneficiaries,
and the delivery of support
services-credit, infrastructure,
technology, post harvest, and
the like
Centerpiece of Aquino
Administration and signed by
Pres. Aquino June 10, 1988
and took effect June 15, 1988
SCOPE :
Ownership and the control of
more or less 10.3 million ha.
Of agricultural land,
representing about one third
of the total area of the
Philippines, shall be
transferred over a 10 year
period to an estimated 3.9
million beneficiaries.
LANDS COVERED BY CARP
Lands covered by
CARP:
All public and private
agricultural lands
regardless of tenural
arrangement and
commodity produced
Public agricultural lands:
lands of public domain
suitable for or devoted to
agriculture
Private agricultural lands :
those owned by private
entities or by government
agencies in a propriety
capacity
LANDS OF MULTINATIONAL
CORPORTAION
Implementation is to be
completed within 3 years
Scope : In excess of 1000 Ha
and 500 Ha in excess of
foreigner
Contracts covering areas not in
excess of 1000 Ha in case of
corporations, and 500 for
individuals are allowed to
continue until August 29,1992
Implementation not later than
10 years
Distribution and formation of
workers cooperative
Production and income sharing
Modern technology in
production
COMMERCIAL FARMING
Subject to compulsory
acquisition
New farms, the ten year
period begins after 1
st
year
commercial production
Initiation steps to acquire land
VOS, CA or direct payment
scheme
Production and income
sharing
Grounds for disqualification
Mandatory requirement
Optional retirement or
resignation
Dismissal for cause by final
judgment
Waiver or refusal to be
beneficiary
Violation of agrarian reform
laws
EXEMPTIONS
LANDS ACTUALLY, DIRECTLY
AND EXCLUSIVELY USED AND
FOUND TO BE NECESSARY FOR :
Forest reserves and reforestation
Fish sanctuaries and breeding
grounds
Watersheds and mangroves
School sites and campuses
Church sites
Communal or burial grounds
Penal colonies and penal farms
Government and private research
and quarantine centers
All lands with 18% slope and over
except those already developed


Church sites and
convents, mosques
National defense
Parks and
wildlife
ANCESTRAL LANDS
Protection of rights of
indigenous cultural to
ensure their
economic, social and
cultural well being
communities
Suspension of the
implementation
Enactment of regional
laws
SEC. 9. Ancestral Lands. - For purposes of this Act,
ancestral lands of each indigenous cultural community
shall include, but not be limited to, lands in the actual,
continuous and open possession and occupation of the
community and its members: Provided, That the Torrens
System shall be respected.
The right of these communities to their ancestral lands
shall be protected to ensure their economic, social and
cultural well-being. In line with the other principles of
self-determination and autonomy, the systems of land
ownership, land use, and the modes of settling land
disputes of all these communities must be recognized
and respected.
ORDER OF PRIORITY AREAS
PHASE ONE
Rice and corn lands under
PD 27
All idle or abandoned
lands
All private lands voluntary;
offered by the owners of
agrarian reform
All lands foreclosed by
governmental financial
institution
All lands acquired by
PCGG
All lands owned by the
government devoted to or
suitable for agriculture
4 years implementation
PHASE TWO
All alienable and disposable
public agricultural lands
All arable public agricultural lands
under agro-forest, pasture and
agricultural leases
All public agricultural lands which
are opened for new development
and resettlement
All private agricultural lands in
excess of 50 Ha
4years implementation
PHASE THREE : all other private
agricultural lands commencing
with large landholdings and
proceeding to medium and small
landholdings
Landholdings above 24 Ha up to
50 Ha ( 3years)
Landholdings from the retention
limit of up to 24 Ha (3 years)
LAND DISTRIBUTION
Donor by RA 6657: Landowner
RETENTION LIMIT : LANDOWNER
5 Ha
3 Ha to each child : (1) that he is
at least fifteen (15) years of age;
and (2) that he is actually tilling
the land or directly managing the
farm: Provided, That landowners
whose lands have been covered
by Presidential Decree No. 27
shall be allowed to keep the area
originally retained by them
thereunder;
Section 6, Chapter II

BENEFICIARY:
Natural or juridical persons
Distribution Limit :
3 Hectares
RETENTION LIMIT
RIGHT TO CHOOSE
: compact and
contiguous
EXCEPTION :
Tenants refusal
leaseholder- not
beneficiary
Option has to be
within 1 year period

The right to choose the area to be retained, which shall be compact
or contiguous, shall pertain, to the landowner: Provided,
however, That in case the area selected for retention by the
landowner is tenanted, the tenant shall have the option to choose
whether to remain therein or be a beneficiary in the same or another
agricultural land with similar or comparable features. In case the
tenant chooses to remain in the retained area, he shall be
considered a leaseholder and shall lose his right to be a beneficiary
under this Act. In case the tenant chooses to be a beneficiary in
another agricultural land, he loses his right as a leaseholder to the
land retained by the landowner. The tenant must exercise this option
within a period of one (1) year from the time the landowner
manifests his choice of the area for retention.
QUALIFICATION TO BE
BENEFICIARY
Agricultural lesses and
share tenants
Regular farmworkers
Other farm workers
Actual tillers or
occupants of public
lands
Collective or
cooperatives of the
above beneficiaries
Others directly working
on the land

Landless
15 years old or head
of the family at the
time the property
was transferred in
the name of the
Republic of the
Philippines
Willingness, ability
and aptitude to
cultivate the land to
make it productive
ORDER OF PRIORITY IN
LAND DISTRIBUTION
Modes how private lands are acquired
OPERATION LAND
TRANSFER (OLT)
Rice and corn lands
PD 27
COMPULSORY
ACQUISITION (CA)
Acquired through mandate
of law
VOLUNTARY OFFER
TO SELL (VOS)
Landowners come
forward to the govt to
offer their lands to DAR
EXECUTIVE ORDER 407
Government owning
agricultural lands
VOLUNTARY LAND
TRANSFER
Landowners offer their
lands for sale directly to
qualified beneficiaries

Steps in land acquisitions


Identification of
landowners and
beneficiaries
Land valuation and
landowners
compensation
Transfer of Title from
the landowner
Registration of
landowners : to file
sworn statement in
the Assessor's office
Co-owned,
mortgaged and
sequestered lands
Valuation of property
for compensation
purposes
exemptions


REGISTRATION OF
BENEFICIARIES
DAR, through BARC
shall register all
agricultural lessee.
Tenants or farm
workers
Posting of registry list
Purpose of
registration


TENANTS / LESSEE RIGHT OF
REDEEMTPION
LANDOWNER MUST FIRST OFFER TO SELL
HIS LAND TO TENANT
THE TENANT HAS THE RIGHT TO REDEEM
THE LAND AT REASONABLE PRICE IF
LANDOWNER DECIDES TO SELL WITHOUT
TENANTS CONSENT
SALE OR TRANSFER TO THE GOVERNMENT
ACQUIRED BY THE BENFICIARY UNDER
CARL SHALL BE SUBJECT TO REPURCHASE
OF THE RIGHT OF THE CHILDREN OR
SPOUSE
Valuation of the land
MARO sends notice
To landowner and beneficiary
LBP for valuation
DAR
makes review
Through BLAD
MARO makes
report TO PARO
To complete
Valuation and
For recommendation
To DAR central Office
DAR prepares for
signatory
Of secretary
Acceptance
Or rejection
of landowner
redistribution
NOTICE
From DAR to
Landowner to
Acquire land
Payment
In case of
acceptance
Determination
of
compensation
Taking position
Landowners compensation

Cash and government
bonds
excess 50 ha : 25%
cash
24-50ha : 30% cash
Less than 24 ha : 35%
cash

Government
instruments : shares of
stocks in government
corporations,
tax`credits, Land Bank
bonds
Payment scheme for beneficiaries
Lands awarded is to
be paid to the Land
Bank of the
Philippines in 30
annual amortization
at 6 % per annum
(VOS, CA, EO 407);
and 20 annual
amortization at 6%
(OLT)
Payments made
affordable
1
st
five annual payments
may not exceed five
percent of the value of
the annual gross
production as established
by DAR
n.b. LBP may reduced the
interest rate after the fifth
year should there be an
increase of 10% of the
annual gross production
Support services
BENEFICIARIES
Land survey and titling
Liberalized terms on credit
facilities and production loans
Extension services by wat of
planning, cropping, production
and post harvest technology
transfer
Infrastructure support
Research, production and use if
organic fertilizers
Training and education
assistance
LANDOWNERS
Investment information,
financial and counselling
assistance
Facilities programs and
schemes for conversion and
exchange of baonds
Marketing of LBP bonds

SEC. 63. Funding Source
The initial amount needed to implement this Act for the period of ten
(10) years upon approval hereof shall be funded from the Agrarian
Reform Fund created under Sections 20 and 21 of Executive Order
No. 229.Additional shall include the following:
(a) Proceeds of the sales of the Assets Privatization Trust;
(b) All receipts from assets recovered and from sale of ill-gotten
wealth recovered through the Presidential Commission on Good
Government;
(c) Proceeds of the disposition of the properties of the Government
in foreign countries;

SEC. 63. Funding Source
(d) Portion of amounts accruing to the Philippines from all sources or
official foreign aid grants and concessional financing from all
countries, to be used for the specific purposes of financing
production credits, infrastructures, and other support services
required by this Act;
(e) Other government funds not otherwise not appropriated
All funds appropriated to implement the provisions of this Act shall
be considered continuing appropriations during the period of its
implementation.

SEC. 64. Financial Intermediary for the CARP. - The
Land Bank of the Philippines shall be the financial
intermediary for the CARP, and shall insure that the
social justice objectives of the CARP shall enjoy a
preference among its priorities.

Proofs of landownership
Emancipation
patents for OLT
lands
Certificates of
landownership
Award (CLOA) for
CA, VOS and EO 407
lands for
resettlement areas
Free patents for
public lands
Grounds for forfeiture of
awarded lands
Non payment of a
total of three annual
amortizations
Negligence
Misuse
Unauthorized sale of
land or any support
extended

Prohibited Acts and Omissions(Chapter XV, Sec.73)
(a) The ownership or possession, for the purpose of circumventing
the provisions of this Act, of agricultural lands in excess of the total
retention limits or award ceilings by any person, natural or juridical,
except those under collective ownership by farmer-beneficiaries.
(b) The forcible entry or illegal detainer by persons who are not
qualified beneficiaries under this Act to avail themselves of the rights
and benefits of the Agrarian Reform Program;
(c) The conversion by any landowner of his agricultural land into non-
agricultural use with intent to avoid the application of this Act to his
landholdings and to dispossess his tenant farmers or the land tilled by
them;
(d) The willful prevention or obstruction by any person, association or
entity of the implementation of the CARP;

(e) The sale, transfer, conveyance or change of the nature of lands
outside of urban centers and city limits either in whole or in part after
the effectivity of this Act. The date of the registration of the deed of
conveyance in the Register of Deeds with respect to titled lands and
the date of the issuance of the tax declaration to the transferee of
the property with respect to unregistered lands, as the case may be,
shall be conclusive for the purpose of this Act;
(f) The sale, transfer or conveyance by a beneficiary of the right to
use or any other usufructuary right over the land he acquired by
virtue of being a beneficiary, in order to circumvent the provisions of
this Act.
Prohibited Acts and Omissions(Chapter XV, Sec.73)
DAR
DENR LBP LRA DTI DA DPWH NIA
GOVERNMENT AGENCIES INVOLVED IN
LAND ACQUISITION