SRINIVASAN ENGINEERING

COLLEGE
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi and affiliated to Anna University, Chennai)
An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institution
PERAMBALUR 621212

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
ME1405
MECHATRONICS LABORATORY
MANUAL
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Page 1 of 3
Issue No: 01
Revision No: 00
Date : 12.12.12
E-er.ise *
Desi/n a si0ple pne10ati. dire.t .ontrol .ir.1it to open
and .lose the !ate of a fa.tory2 &y operatin/ a p1sh
b1tton valve, /ate sho1ld open or .lose2
Co0ponent #ist
a !R" #nit.
$ 3%2 Pus& 'utton (a)ve.
* Sing)e A*ting S+ring Return C,)inder.
Introd1.tion to new ite0s2
a +R# ' Unit (+ilter Re/1latin/ and #1bri.atin/ Unit):
-&is is +ositioned $et.een Air sour*e and t&e *o/+onents. -&is unit +)a,s
an i/+ortant ro)) in +neu/ati* s,ste/s. -&e !R" #nit +rovides *o/+ressed
*)ean and oi) 0 enri*&ed air at a *onstant +ressure to t&e s,ste/.
$ 34) $1s &1tton alve: -&is *o/+onent &as t&ree air +orts and t.o
+ositions 1+ressed or re)eased. P is an air in)et +ort2 A is a .or3ing +ort
1Out "et Port and R is an 45&aust Port. -&e va)ve is a*tivated $, a /anua)
+us& $utton and returned $, s+ring for*e.
* Sprin/ Ret1rn Cylinder5 6&en +ressuri7ed air enters t&roug& Port2 it
+us&es t&e +iston out of t&e *,)inder2 t&ere$, *ontra*ting t&e s+ring. 6&en
no air +ressure is a++)ied2 t&e s+ring e5+ands2 dra.ing t&e +iston $a*3 into
t&e *,)inder.
$ro.ed1re5
Se)e*t t&e *o/+onents fro/ *o/+onent )i$rar,. "oad t&e sing)e a*ting
*,)inder2 +)a*e at t&e to+ of t&e S*reen. "oad 3%2 +us& $utton va)ve and
+)a*e $et.een *,)inder and *onditioning #nit 1!R". -&e !R" #nit .i)) $e
at t&e $otto/ $, defau)t. 'efore starting si/u)ation !R" unit +ara/eters
1i.e. Pressure and !)o. are to $e set $, dou$)e *)i*3ing on it.
Conne*t t&e *o/+onents as +er t&e *ir*uit2 as s&o. in +i/2No2* C)i*3 on
Si/u)ation i*on or fro/ /ain /enu to start si/u)ation and o$serve t&e
fo))o.ing.
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Date : 12.12.12
.
+i/ no5 *
"bservations5
6&en t&e +us& $utton is +ressed2 t&e s+ring in t&e va)ve is *o/+ressed2
a))o.ing air to f)o. t&roug& t&e va)ve to t&e *,)inder. Air +asses t&roug&
t&e rear +ort of t&e *,)inder and +us&es t&e +iston rod out.
1-&ere$, o+ening t&e gate.
6&en t&e +us& $utton re)eased2 t&e s+ring in t&e va)ve e5+ands. Air is
e5&austed fro/ t&e *,)inder and airf)o. to t&e *,)inder is $)o*3ed. -&e
s+ring in t&e *,)inder is a$)e to e5+and8 t&e +iston rod retra*ts 1t&ere$,
*)osing t&e gate
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RESU#T5
9en*e t&e si/+)e +neu/ati* dire*t *ontro)
*ir*uit to o+en and *)ose t&e :ate of a fa*tor, &as $een designed2 $, o+erating a
+us& $utton va)ve.
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Revision No: 00
Date : 12.12.12
E-er.ise )
Desi/n a pne10ati. .ir.1it 1sin/ a do1ble a.tin/ .ylinder and 64)
Air Sprin/ alve to open the 0ain /ate of a fa.tory whi.h .an be
.ontrolled by a se.1rity personnel fro0 the se.1rity roo02
Co0ponent #ist:
a !R" #nit:
$ ;%2 Air S+ring (a)ve.
* 3%2 Pus& $otton (a)ve
d Dou$)e A*ting C,)inder.
Introd1.tion to new ite0s2
64) Air Sprin/ alve:
-&is *o/+onent &as five air+orts and t.o +ositions. P
is an air in)et +ort8 A< ' are .or3ing +orts 1Out)et
+orts. R< S are air 45&aust Ports and = is +i)ot
O+erated +ort.
Do1ble A.tin/ Cylinder:
-&is *,)inder &as t.o in)et +orts A < '. Air entering
fro/ A +ort e5tends t&e +iston2 Air at t&e ot&er side is
e5&austed t&roug& ' +ort. If air enters t&roug& ' +ort
+iston rod of t&e *,)inder .i)) retra*t .&i)e air
e5&austs fro/ t&e A +ort.
$ro.ed1re:
"oad t&e dou$)e a*ting *,)inder and +)a*e at t&e to+ of t&e s*reen.
"oad ;%2 Air S+ring (a)ve and +)a*e $e)o. t&e *,)inder. -&e !R"
#nit .i)) $e at t&e $otto/ $, defau)t. Conne*t t&e *o/+onents as
+er t&e *ir*uit2 as s&o. in fig. No.2 Start si/u)ation $, *)i*3ing
on t&e si/u)ation i*on and o$serve t&e fo))o.ing
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+i/ no5 )
"bservations:
6&en t&e Pus& $utton va)ve is a*tivated2 a))o.ing air to f)o. t&roug& t&e ;%2air s+ring
va)ve to t&e rear +ort of t&e *,)inder t&en +iston rod e5tends. 1-&ere $, o+ening t&e gate.
6&en t&e Pus& 'utton is re)eased2 a))o.ing t&e air to f)o. t&roug& t&e va)ve to t&e front
+ort of t&e *,)inder. -&e *,)inder +iston rod retra*ts.
RESU#T5
9en*e t&e +neu/ati* *ir*uit designed
$, using a dou$)e a*ting *,)inder and ;%2 Air S+ring (a)ve to o+en t&e /ain gate
of a fa*tor,.
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Date : 12.12.12
E-er.ise3
Desi/n a pne10ati. .ir.1it 1sin/ a do1ble a.tin/ .ylinder and 64)
Air Sprin/ valve to lift the .arton bo-es at the loadin/ point2 The
raisin/ and lowerin/ speeds are to be ad71stable separately2
#ist of .o0ponents:
a !R" #nit
$ ;%2 Air S+ring (a)ve
* 3%2 Pus& $utton (a)ve.
d Dou$)e A*ting C,)inder
e !)o. Contro) va)ves >2 Nos.
Introd1.tion to new ite0s .
a +low Control alve: -&is va)ve is used to regu)ate airf)o.. 45a/+)e2 to *ontro)
t&e +iston s+eeds of t&e *,)inder. -&e air *an f)o. on),
via t&e *ross se*tion2 .&i*& is ad?usta$)e $, /eans of t&e
t&rott)e s*re.. -&e user *an *&ange t&e settings $, dou$)e
*)i*3ing on it. -&e settings var, fro/ 2 to 1@.
$ro.ed1re:
Se)e*t t&e *o/+onents fro/ *o/+onents )i$rar, and +)a*e t&e
dou$)e a*ting *,)inder at t&e to+ of t&e S*reen. ;%2 air S+ring va)ve
$e)o. t&e *,)inder. -&e !)o. Contro) (a)ve is +)a*ed $et.een
*,)inder and Air S+ring (a)ve. -&e !R" #nit .i)) $e at t&e $otto/
$, defau)t. Conne*t t&e *o/+onents as +er t&e *ir*uit2 as s&o. in
+i/ No23. Start si/u)ation $, *)i*3ing on si/u)ation i*on and
o$serve t&e fo))o.ing.
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+i/2No23
"bservations5
6&en t&e Pus& 'utton is +ressed2 a))o.ing air to f)o. t&roug& t&e
va)ve to t&e one +ort of t&e *,)inder. -&e air enters fro/ t&e rear
+ort of t&e *,)inder and +us&es t&e +iston rod out. 1 -&ere$,
o+ening t&e gate. 6&en t&e +us&>$utton (a)ve re)eased2 a))o.ing
t&e air to f)o. t&roug& t&e va)ve to t&e front +ort of t&e *,)inder.
-&en t&e *,)inder +iston rod retra*ted 1t&ere$, gate is *)osed.
Ad?ust t&e t&rott)e va)ve s*re.s and o$serve t&e variation in +iston
s+eed.
RESU#T5
9en*e t&e +neu/ati* *ir*uit designed
$, using a dou$)e a*ting *,)inder and ;%2 Air S+ring va)ve to )ift t&e *arton $o5es
at t&e )oading +oint.
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Date : 12.12.12
E-er.ise 8
Desi/n a ,ydra1li. .ir.1it 1sin/ a do1ble a.tin/ .ylinder and 84) hand
operated valve to raise or lower the pallet tr1.92

Apparat1s:
a Po.er Pa*3
$ A%2 9and O+erated (a)ve.
* Dou$)e A*ting C,)inder.
$ro.ed1re:
Se)e*t t&e *o/+onents fro/ t&e *o/+onent )i$rar, and +)a*e at suita$)e )o*ation.
Conne*t t&e *o/+onent as +er t&e *ir*uit s&o.n in t&e fig no AStart t&e si/u)ation
$, +ressing t&e si/u)ation $utton and o$serve t&e fo))o.ing .
+i/2No28
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"bservations5
6&en t&e &and )ever is +ressed2 a))o.ing f)uid to f)o. t&roug& t&e va)ve to rear +ort of
t&e *,)inder and +us&es t&e +iston rod out. 1-&ere$, raise t&e +a))et. 6&en t&e &and
)ever raised u+2 a))o.ing t&e f)uid to f)o. t&roug& t&e va)ve to t&e se*ond +ort of t&e
*,)inder. -&en t&e *,)inder +iston rod retra*ts. 1-&ere$, )o.ering t&e +a))et.
RESU#T5
9en*e t&e 9,drau)i* *ir*uit designed $, using a dou$)e a*ting *,)inder
and A%2 &and o+erated va)ve to raise or )o.er t&e +a))et tru*3.
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E-peri0ent56
To st1dy abo1t the pro/ra00in/ of the $#C 1sin/ #adder dia/ra0 to swit.h
"N the )3: AC #a0p 1sin/ start b1tton and swit.h "++ the #a0p 1sin/ stop
b1tton (#at.hin/ .ir.1it)2
1. Open the Screen AC1131 to write the program on PC.
2. Now open the new file and select CPU model number in which ou are going
to program !li"e #$C%&1'
3. After selecting the CPU model select the programming tpe !li"e ()' ladder
diagram.
&. Now do the program using ladder logic.
*. Clic" the rung then Select the contact on the tool bar. Clic" the +uestion mar"
and gi,e name S-A%-.1 to first contact.
/. Clic" the rung and tpe the Address for the input.
$. Clic" the rung and select another contact on the tool bar and gi,e the name
S-OP.1.
0. 1i,e 2N-2% and tpe the address.
3. Clic" the rung and select the coil on the tool bar for (amp.
1#. Clic" the rung and tpe the Address for the Output.
11. Clic" S-A%-.1 and select parallel contact and gi,e the name (amp.

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12. After the programming go to P%O42C- and select %25U6(- all to ,erif the
program.
13. 6f an error on program which is written on the screen. -hen it will be
displaed on the 5ottom of the Screen.
1&. 5efore down load the program to P(C follow the 6nstruction gi,en below
6f an errors displaed then correct it7 after that go to ON(6N2.
Connects the mains plug in to the mains board7 "eep the power switch
in ON position.
"ABP
Now ,erif the power and %un (2) will be glow
Connect the 6nterface cable between P(C to PC
Patch the circuit
1*. Now go to ON(6N2 8888 Communication parameters and select the Comport
and baud rate -hen again go to ON(6N2 88888(ogin
1/. 6f it is shown the 2rror li"e P(C does not respond to (ogin Clic" O9 and ,erif
the 6nterface cable between PC to P(C 6f it is on perfect then select another
Com port.
1$. Now (ogin to P(C and down load the Program to P(C. After that the screen
shows to the program is download successfull. Now the P(C is read to do
process.
10. :hen start button is pressed the (amp will energi;ed.
13. 6n <ONO PU(S2 -%6112%%6N1 two switches a,ailable we use normall open
for S-A%- button and normall closed for S-OP button. :hen ou press start
button =ON> button closed and input passes through S-A%- and S-OP button
!it is alread closed' to =ON> the =(A<P>. Once the (amp =ON> this signal goes
also in parallel contact =(A<P.1>. -he motor will run if ou %elease the start
button because the input signal passes through parallel contact of the stop
button. :hen ou press the stop button the NC contact is opened then no
signal passes through it so the (amp will goes to be =O??>.
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E-peri0ent5 (
Usin/ $#C, ;rite and si01late a pro/ra0 to 0ove the forward stro9e of a
pne10ati. do1ble a.tin/ .ylinder in *6se.onds and to ret1rn after *:se.onds2
Components Required:
1. PLC tra!"r #t
2. FRL $!t.
%.5&2 D'$()" *')"!'+ ,a),"
4. D'$()" a-t!. -/)!+"r
Procedure:
1. O0"! t1" S-r""! AC11%1 t' 2rt" t1" 0r'.ra3 '! PC.
2. N'2 '0"! t1" !"2 4)" a!+ *")"-t CPU 3'+"). 506CR417
%. A8t"r *")"-t!. t1" CPU 3'+") *")"-t t1" 0r'.ra33!. t/0" LD.
4. T1"! C)-# t1" r$!. ! t1" 0r'.ra3 ar"a t1"! S")"-t t1" C'!ta-t '! t1" t'') (ar.
6. C)-# t1" 9$"*t'! 3ar# a!+ .," !a3" Start:1 t' 4r*t *2t-1.
6. C)-# t1" r$!. a!+ t/0" t1" a++r"** 5;I< 62.07 8'r t1" !0$t.
=. C)-# t1" r$!. a!+ *")"-t t1" -') '! t1" t'') (ar.
>. S")"-t a -') a!+ .," !a3" LED:1 a!+ a++r"** 5;?< 62.07 t' t
t1"! SET t1" LED:1.
10. I! *"-'!+ r$!. 0)a-" a -'!ta-t a!+ !a3" t a* LED:1.
11. S")"-t t3"r t1r'$.1 t1" 3"!$ INSERT @@@@@@A F$!-t'! ()'-#* a!+ t1"! *")"-t t1"
TON.
12. S")"-t a -') a!+ -)-# a!'t1"r -') 8'r 0ara))") -'!!"-t'! .,"
!a3" a* LED:18'r 4r*t -') a!+ RESET t.
1%. S"-'!+ -') * $*"+ a* a FLAG *' .," !a3" a* AU<:1 a!+
A++r"** a* ;M<0.1t1"! SET t1" FLAG.
14. S")"-t t1r+ r$!. a!+ 0)a-" a -') a!+ !a3" t a* AU<:1.
15. S")"-t a!'t1"r TIMER 8'r !"Bt +")a/ t* +")a/ t3" * 10*"-.
16. T1"! *")"-t a -') a!+ .," !a3" a* LED:2a!+ t* a++r"** a* ;?<62.1.
16. C'!!"-t t1" I!0$t t"r3!a) C"r' t' t1" *tart *2t-1.
1=. T1" D.ta) '$t0$t t"r3!a) C"r' '8 PLC * -'!!"-t"+ t' '!" '8 t1" 5&2 +'$()"
*')"!'+ ,a)," a!+ -'!!"-t t1" 't1"r "!+ '8 t1" 5&2 +'$()" *')"!'+ ,a)," t' 't1"r
+.ta) '$t0$t t"r3!a) '!".
1>. P!"$3at- -'!!"-t'!* ar" .,"! a* *1'2! ! t1" F. !'D 6 a!+ 0r"**$r" *'$r-" *
3a!ta!"+ at 2 (ar.
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20. A8t"r t1" -'!!"-t'!E .' t' PROFECT 3"!$ a!+ *")"-t REBUILT a)) t'
V"r8/ t1" 0r'.ra3.
21. N'2 .' t' ONLINE 3"!$ a!+ L'.!.
22. C)-# +'2! )'a+ 3"!$ t' tra!*8"r t1" Pr'.ra3 t' PLC CPU.
2%. F!a))/E (/ -)-#!. t1" R$! 3"!$E t1" r"9$r"+ '0"rat'! * 0"r8'r3"+.
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F. !'D 6
RESU#T5
', using t&e P"C2 t&e reCuired o+eration is +erfor/ed.
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Experiment: 7
Write and simulate a program in PLC to repeat 15 times the to and fro
motion of a pneumatic Doule acting c!linder"
Components Required:
1. PLC tra!"r #t
2. FRL $!t.
%.5&2 D'$()" *')"!'+ ,a),"
4. D'$()" a-t!. -/)!+"r
Procedure:
1. O0"! t1" S-r""! AC11%1 t' 2rt" t1" 0r'.ra3 '! PC.
2. N'2 '0"! t1" !"2 4)" a!+ *")"-t CPU 3'+"). 506CR417
%. A8t"r *")"-t!. t1" CPU 3'+") *")"-t t1" 0r'.ra33!. t/0" LD.
4. Pr'.ra3 * t/0"+ ! t1" 0r'.ra3 ar"a.
5. P!"$3at- -'!!"-t'!* ar" .,"! a* *1'2! ! t1" F. !'D =
a!+ 0r"**$r" *'$r-" * 3a!ta!"+ at 2 (ar.
6. T1" D.ta) '$t0$t t"r3!a) C"r' '8 PLC * -'!!"-t"+ t' '!" '8 t1" 5&2 +'$()"
*')"!'+ ,a)," a!+ -'!!"-t t1" 't1"r "!+ '8 t1" 5&2 +'$()" *')"!'+ ,a)," t' 't1"r
+.ta) '$t0$t t"r3!a) '!".
6. A8t"r t1" -'!!"-t'!E .' t' PROFECT 3"!$ a!+ *")"-t REBUILT a)) t'
V"r8/ t1" 0r'.ra3.
=. N'2 .' t' ONLINE 3"!$ a!+ L'.!.
>. C)-# +'2! )'a+ 3"!$ t' tra!*8"r t1" Pr'.ra3 t' PLC CPU.
10. F!a))/E (/ -)-#!. t1" R$! 3"!$E t1" r"9$r"+ '0"rat'! * 0"r8'r3"+.
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F. !'D =
ResultD
B/ $*!. t1" PLCE t1" r"9$r"+ '0"rat'! * 0"r8'r3"+.
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E-er.ise <
+#"; $R"CESS STATI"N ' AUT" %"DE
Aim :
To study the closed loop operation of the Flow Process control using PID
controller with LABVIEW. Also To fnd the Kc and Ti value of the PID controller for a
particular set point.
Apparatus :
1.Flow Process Station Trainer
2.Patch chords and USB cable
3.PC with Virtual instrumentation software (LABVIEW)
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FRONT PANEL
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BLOCK DIAGRAM
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Procedure :
1.To interconnect the Flow Process Station Trainer as per the patching diagram.
2.Ensure all the precautions and follow as per the previous experiment.
3.Ensure the connection of the process variable to ADC and DAC output to the V
to I converter.
4.Now consider the software go to and open it.
5.Now in the fow process station,
Switch ON the key and change the selector switch to Auto mode.
6.Switch ON the MCB in the fow process station

7.Set the value of set fow rate of process (say for example 1200LPH) using
numeric Indicator named SET FLOW in the front panel of experiment 5.3.
8.To fnd the fnal value of P gain Kc and Ti for that increase the Kc value frst from
minimum to fnal value keep other values are zero. After getting P gain increase
Ti from step-by-step from minimum to fnal value with P gain & keep Td as zero.
For a constant input-output process .Td is not necessary. -Td is mainly used at
the rapid change of process variable.
9.At the initial state set the PID GAIN parameters, Proportional gain (Kc) = 1
Integral Time (Ti) = 0
Derivative Time (Td) = 0
10.Now in the computer,
Execute the software by Menu
Click OPERATE
RUN
Dont stop the program until to fnd the fnal value of Kc and Ti are found.
11.Check the front panel actual fow meter indicates zero and I to P input current
and the output pressure. And also observe the control valve, which is also open.
12.After opening the valve switch ON the motor using START switch.
13.Now the process (Actual fow) is increasing slowly and try to reach the predefned
set fow with the applied P gain. To fnd the fnal value of proportional gain will
includes the following three steps.
14.After some time interval the screen looks like below
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STEP 1:
1200 LPH
The above diagram gives the larger value of steady state error this
is due to smaller value of P gain. To reduce this increase the
proportional gain slowly in steps of 0.1 or 0.2

15. Without stop the experiment increase the P GAIN. In general increasing
the proportional gain will increase the speed of the control
system response. And also increased value of P gain decreases the steady state
error. But As per the PID theory we know if the proportional gain(Kc) is too large
the process variable will begin to oscillate. To fnd out the exact value of p gain for a
particular set point of a process slowly increase (in terms of 0.1 or 0.2) the p gain
(Kc) value until the process variable will begin to oscillate. The below diagram
(12001 LPH) indicates the reduced value of steady state error for a
Proportional gain (Kc ) = 2.5
Integral Time (Ti) = 0
Derivative Time (Td) = 0

This is the fnal value of P gain because further increment of the P value the process variable will
begin to oscillate that condition is indicated in the fgure (12002 LPH).
Steady state error
Study of
steady state
error
Definition of steady state error 5 It is the final
differen.e between the pro.ess variable and set point2
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STEP 2:
12001 LPH
In this condition also we have a steady state error to reduce this further increase the
P gain.
Steady state error
290 ;80
Experiment
to fnd the
fnal value of
P gain.
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STEP 3:
1200 2LPH
But further increasing of P gain will produce the oscillation so
Kc = 2.5 is the fnal value of P gain of the process for a set point 1200LPH
P.V Indicates
high value of
P gain
Steady state error
Note : The fnal value of P I D gains are also depends on the
percentage of Bypass valve opening. It may vary under the input fow
variation.
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To fnd the integral time
Once P gain has been set to obtain a desired fast response, the integral term is
increased to stop the oscillations. The integral term reduces the steady state error, but
increases overshoot.
The integral response will continuously increase overtime, unless the error is
zero. So the efect is to drive the steady state error is zero. The following diagrams
identify this.
Without stop the experiment add the integral time Ti = 0.001 with Kc = 2.5
1200 i
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1200 i1
!urt&er in*re/ent of -i fro/ 0.001 /in to 0.01 .it& E* F 2.; gives t&e fo))o.ing resu)t. -&e in*reased
va)ue of -i s&o.s t&e redu*ed a/+)itude of t&e os*i))ation and a)so indi*ates t&e furt&er in*re/ent of
-i.
P.V
oscillations
Indicate small
value of Ti
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1200 i2
P.V
oscillations
Indicate
small value
of Ti
The above result shows the fnal value of Ti is 0.150 min
16.After the experimentation stop the program by clicking the Red button on the
tool bar or go to menu

OPERATE
STOP.
RESULT :
The closed loop operation of the Flow Process control using PID controller with
LABVIEW was studied. And also the value of Kc and Ti of the PID controller were found
for a set point 1200 LPH.
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Indicates
Final value
of Ti & Zero
steady state
error
E-er.ise =
"4(4" PROC4SS S-A-ION > A#-O BOD4
Aim:
To study the auto tuning PID controller using virtual instrumentation
(LABVIEW) based DAQ.
Apparatus:
1.Level Process Station Trainer
2.Patch chords
3.PC with Virtual instrumentation software (LABVIEW)

Procedure :
1.To interconnect the Level Process Station circuits as per the patching diagram.
2.Connect the trainer to Single phase AC mains.
3.Switch ON the key lock and change the selector switch to auto mode.
4.Ensure the by pass valve which should be open.
5.Ensure the outlet valve it should be 50% open.
6.Given the pressure signal to the input of air regulator and observes the I to P
input pressure which should in 1.2 kg per cm
2
otherwise adjust the air
regulator.
7.Enter the set level of the tank in the front panel of the software program.
8.Switch ON the MCB and start the motor using start switch.
10.Execute the software and view the current level of the tank
11. The PID controller gains and outputs are displayed in the front panel of
the software program.
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RESULT :
The Auto tuning PID controller using virtual instrumentation (LABVIEW) based
DAQ was studied.
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E-er.ise *:
$RESSURE $R"CESS STATI"N ' AUT" %"DE
Aim:
To maintain the constant pressure of a process (Pressure) tank using Auto PID
in LABVIEW.
Apparatus:
1.Pressure Process Station
2.Patch chords
3.PC with Virtual instrumentation software (LABVIEW)
4.DAQ Accessory with USB cable
Procedure:
1.To interconnect the Pressure Process Station Trainer as per the patching
diagram
2.Ensure all the precautions in the pneumatic (Pressure) section and follow as per
the previous experiment.
3.Ensure the connection of the process variable to ADC and DAC output to the V
to I converter.
4.In the Pressure process station, Switch ON the key and start switch change the
selector switch to Auto mode.
5.Now consider the software go to and open it.
6.Set the value of set Pressure of process (say for example 2Kg/cm
2
) in the
numeric Indicator named SET PRESSURE in the front panel screen.
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7.Now in the computer,
Execute the software by Menu
Click OPERATE
RUN
8.We will get a Auto PID tuning Wizard in that select the tuning parameters in four
steps such us
Controller type - PID
#Of cycle of Average 1
Relay amplitude - 0.5
Control design Fast
9. Then go to the NEXT
10. Another screen will appear in that select accept current value of noise provided
in the screen then click NEXT.
11. After completion of four steps we will get PID gain values, this automatically
generated PID gain values will control and maintain the process corresponding
to the set value.
12. The graph indicator displays the set point, process variable PID output status.
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Front panel
BLOCK DIAGRAM
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Experimentation Results :
Pr 2 a
Pr.auto
Note : The fnal value of P I D gains are also depends on the
percentage of Outlet valve opening. It may also vary under the input
Pressure variation. So always keep the constant input pressure to the
process tank.
Result :
The process (Pressure) tank pressure was maintained constantly corresponding
to the set value using Auto PID in LABVIEW and the output was verifed with the PC
and the Process tank.
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Exercise 11
TEMPERATURE PROCESS STATION AUTO MODE
Aim :
To study the closed loop operation of the Temperature Process control using
Auto PID controller with LABVIEW. Also To fnd the Kc and Ti value of the PID controller
for a particular set point.
Apparatus :
1.Temperature Process Station Trainer
2.Patch cords and USB cable
3.PC with Virtual instrumentation software (LABVIEW)
Procedure :
1.To interconnect the Temperature Process Station Trainer as per the patching
diagram.
2.Ensure all the precautions and follow as per the previous experiment.
3.Ensure the connection of the process variable to ADC and DAC output to the V
to I converter.
4.Now consider the software go to and open it.
5.Now in the Temperature process station,
Switch ON the key and change the selector switch to Auto mode.
6.Switch ON the MCB in the Temperature process station
7.Set the value of set Temperature rate of process (say for example 100C) using
numeric Indicator named SET TEMPERATURE in the front panel of experiment.
8.To fnd the fnal value of P gain Kc and Ti for that increase the Kc value frst
from minimum to fnal value keep other values are zero. After getting P gain
increase Ti from step-by-step from minimum to fnal value with P gain & keep Td
as zero. For a constant input-output process .Td is not necessary. -Td is mainly
used at the rapid change of process variable.
9.At the initial state set the PID GAIN parameters, Proportional gain (Kc) = 1
Integral Time (Ti) = 0
Derivative Time (Td) = 0
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FRONT PANEL
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EX.NO: 5.3
FRONT PANEL
BLOCK DIAGRAM
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OUTPUT
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Experimentation Result :
RESULT :
Note : The fnal value of P I D gains are also depends on the
percentage of Outlet valve opening. It may also vary under the input
Cold water variation. So always keep the constant input Cold water to
the Heat Exchanger.
-&e Pro*ess 1-e/+erature .as /aintained *onstant), *orres+onding to t&e set va)ue using
Auto PID in "A'(I46 and t&e out+ut .as verified .it& t&e PC.