Ma Shari - Jihad

THE BOOK OF JIHAD
BY
ABI ZAKARYYA AL DIMASHQI AL DUMYATI
IBN AL NAHAAS
(D. 814 HIJRI)
TRANSLATED BY NOOR YAMANI
1
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 ON THE COMMAND OF JIHAD A!AINST THE NON BELIE"ERS AND ITS MANDATE#
AND THE STERN $ARNIN! A!AINST THOSE $HO DON%T PRACTICE JIHAD 8
T&' ()**+,- .) /0&....................................................................8
I1 J2&+- 3+4- 523+6+& )4 3+4- +6,7....................................................8
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A, +-=2(' .) .&' ),'1 ;&) 1.+6 >'&2,-........................................1<
1. The desire to live longer:.....................................................................10
2. Attachment to family........................................................................... 10
3. Love of wealth:.................................................................................... 11
4. Love of your children and caring for them:..........................................11
5. our friends:......................................................................................... 11
!. "ower and #restige:.............................................................................11
$. Attachment to a comforta%le lifestyle:.................................................11
&. 'esire to live longer to do more good deeds:......................................11
(. Love of your wife:................................................................................ 12
CHAPTER ? THE "IRTUES OF JIHAD AND MUJAHIDEEN..................1@
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A (&+9.'4 ), .&' 3+4';'AA )3 .&' /0&.'41......................................18
CHAPTER @ THE "IRTUES OF SPENDIN! IN THE CAUSE OF ALLAH. .18
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CHAPTER 4 THE "IRTUES OF RIBAAT (THE STATIONIN!) AND THE "IRTUES OF THE ONE
$HO DIES IN RIBAAT.............................................................?<
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CHAPTER D THE RULES AND "IRTUES OF TAR!ET SHOOTIN!.........??
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CHAPTER E THE "IRTUE OF INJURY IN THE SAKE OF ALLAH..........?4
3
CHAPTER F THE "IRTUES OF KILLIN! A NONGBELIE"ER FOR THE SAKE OF ALLAH ?D
CHAPTER 8 THE "IRTUE OF AN INDI"IDUAL OR A SMALL !ROUP IMMERSIN!
THEMSEL"ES $ITHIN A LAR!E ARMY OF NONBELIE"ERS IN SEARCH OF MARTYRDOM
AND CAUSIN! DAMA!E TO THE ENEMY......................................?E
CHAPTER 8 ON DUELIN!.......................................................?8
CHAPTER 1< THE SE"ERE PUNISHMENT FOR THE ONE $HO TURNS HIS BACK DURIN!
BATTLE...............................................................................@<
CHAPTER 11 THE INTENTIONS IN JIHAD...................................@1
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1. The #leasure of Allah:..........................................................................31
2. Love for )slam:..................................................................................... 31
3. *ee+ing "aradise:................................................................................. 31
4. *elf,defense:........................................................................................ 32
5. -oth .ihad and %ooties:........................................................................32
!. -ooty:................................................................................................... 32
$. /ecognition:......................................................................................... 32
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CHAPTER 1? MARTYRDOM....................................................@4
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1. 'esire to die again for the sa+e of Allah:.............................................35
2. 0orgives all sins:.................................................................................. 35
3. The angels #rovide shade for the *haheed with their wings:...............3!
4. 1artyrdom guarantees "aradise:.........................................................3!
5. Are in the inside of green %irds in "aradise:.........................................3!
!. They are not #unished in their graves:...................................................3!
$. The *haheed is s#ared from the shoc+ of the %low of the 2orn:.............3!
(. The *haheed intercedes for seventy of his family mem%ers:..............3!
10. The *haheed feels #eace on the 'ay of 3udgment:..........................3!
4
11. The %lood of the *haheed doesn4t dry until he sees his wives in "aradise: 3!
12. The one who dies as a *haheed is %etter than the one who wins and returns home
safely:3$
13. The *haheed does not feel the #ain of death e5ce#t li+e a %rief sting:3$
14. The angels continuously visit the martyrs and deliver their salaams to them: 3$
15. Allah is #leased with the *haheed:...................................................3$
1!. 0or martyrdom to %e acce#ted no good deeds are re6uired to #recede it: 3$
1$. The *haheed is married to al 2oor 7the woman of "aradise8:...........3&
CHAPTER 1@ THE RULIN!S RE!ARDIN! MUSLIM PO$S..............@8
CHAPTER 14 THE HISTORY OF JIHAD.......................................4<
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CHAPTER 1DCOURA!E AND FEAR...........................................4E
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T&' ():4+0'):1 )3 .&21 U**+&....................................................4E
CHAPTER 1E NECESSARY RULIN!S FOR THE MUJAHID TO KNO$. 48
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T&' 94)&2>2.2), )3 !&+A))A...........................................................48
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CHAPTER 1F A BRIEF CHAPTER ON THE ART OF $AR...............D?
5
T4+,1A+.)4%1 94'3+('
A>):. .&' +:.&)4
The author: Ahmad )%rahim
1uhammad al 'imash6i al 'umyati
7died &14 hi.ri8
2e was eager to do good9 #referred
living in o%scurity9 showed no
arrogance or #ride due to his
+nowledge9 whoever would see him
would thin+ he is a commoner : a
handsome man9 with a %eautiful
%eard9 short and medium %uilt.
*#ent a lot of his life stationed in
3ihad until he died as a *haheed.
)%n Al )mad: The *hei+h9 )mam9
scholar9 and e5em#lar.
)n &14 hi.ri the /omans attac+ed
the #eo#le of Teenah in ;gy#t. The
#eo#le of 'umyat led %y )%n al
<ahaas went to .oin their %rothers
in their =ght against the invading
forces and he died in the
%attle=eld.
A>):. .&21 >))5
I,.4)-:(.2),
1y comments are enclosed in
%ra+ets >?
D'/,2.2), )3 J2&+-
The linguistic meaning:
Lisan Alara%: 0ighting the
enemy. )t involves using all
e@ort in words and deeds.
1u.am matn al lughah:
3ihad is commonly used to
refer to waging war for the
sa+e of Alha6 7the truth8
)n )slamic terminology it means:
Aalling towards the true religion
and =ghting with one4s soul and
wealth against those who re.ect it.
7Al )nayah *harh al 2idayah
72ana=88
3ihad is =ghting. 7Al *heeraBi in al
1uhadha% 7*ha=4i8
3ihad is a 1uslim waging war
agianst a non,1uslim who has no
#eace agreement with 1uslims and
the =ghting is for the sa+e of the
word of Allah to #revail. 3ihad is
also =ghting the non,1uslim who
attac+s 1uslim territory and it is
also the 1uslims attac+ing the non,
1uslims in their land. 71awahi% al
3aleel = *harh 1u+htasar Chalil
71ali+i88
3ihad is a cure for the individual
and the society. )t cures the
individual %y delivering him from
the sic+ness of dis%elief to the
well%eing of )slam. 'is%elieving in
Allah is the greatest disease of all
and the most destructive on all
humanity9 while )slam is the
com#lete cure. 3ihad cures the
society %y eliminating the source of
corru#tion and o##ression. Leaving
the dis%eliever unharmed increases
the disease and strengthens it and
allows the cancer to s#read.
Therefore )slam cannot Dourish and
1uslims cannot live in #eace unless
the disease is cured. )f it is #ossi%le
to cure the disease %y using a
medicine then %e it. Etherwise the
infected #ortion must %e
am#utated even though the
am#utation could cause #ain and
su@ering for the %ody. -ut then no
one could claim that the
am#utation cruel or inhumane. )t
was necessary for the survival of
the %ody. That is #recisely the role
of 3ihad in )slam. 0irst the message
should %e conveyed through
#eaceful means. )f the #eaceful
course is e5hausted and it did not
%ear its fruits9 the %earers of the
truth would need to draw their
swords and =ght in order for the
word of Allah to #revail.
I*9)4.+,. .'4*1
3ihad:
/i%aat: )s the stationing in a land
%ordering the enemy for the
#ur#ose of .ihad. The land of /i%aat
is a land that is under threat of
attac+ %y the enemies of )slam. The
one who is stationed in /i%aat is
called a 1ura%it
FaBw: Linguistically refers to
G#ursuitH )t is used in )slamic
terminology to refer to #ursuing
the enemy in order to =ght him.
T&' 4:A2,0 )3 J2&+-
There are two ty#es of fardh 7duty8
in )slam: Fardh Ayn and fardh
kifayah.
Fardh Ayn 7individual duty8: This is
a mandatory duty that must %e
#erformed %y everyone. ;5am#les
of this ty#e of duty are the =ve
daily #rayers and fasting.
Fard kifayah 7collective duty8: This
is a mandatory duty that must %e
done. )f some 1uslims ful=ll it then
the rest are releived of the duty.
;5am#le of this ty#e of duty is
en.oining good and for%idding evil.
This is a duty that must %e done in
the Immah. )f some 1uslims ful=ll
that duty then the rest are reliefed
of the duty %ut if they don4t then
the whole 1uslim Immah is sinful
until the duty is ful=lled. Another
e5am#le would %e the Adhan.
According to some schools of
thought the adhan is fardh +ifayah.
)f Adhan is not #erformed in a
1uslim community then they are
all held accounta%le for that until
one of them #erforms it.
3ihad is a collective duty (fardh
kifayah). 7A command which is
im#erative u#on all to #erform it9
%ut if some do #erform it9 it will %e
suJcient8. That is the o#inion of
the ma.ority of scholars.
)n al 2idayah 72ana=8 it states that:
0ighting the non,%elievers is
mandatory even if they do not
initiate war and that is according
the general te5ts of )slam.
Al 1ugni: 3ihad %ecomes an
individual duty in three cases: 18
Khen the armies meet it is
mandatory to =ght and not Dee. 28
)f the non,%elievers descend on
1uslim territory. 38 )f the )mam
calls for war it is mandatory on
every a%le 1uslim to res#ond.
)%n 2aBm: 3ihad is mandatory on
1uslims. )f some do ful=ll the duty
%y #rotecting our %orders9 and
=ghting the enemies in their own
land and con6uering it9 then the
other 1uslims are relieved of the
duty otherwise it is a duty on each
one of them according the verse: G
Lo forth9 whether light of heavy9
and strive with your wealth and
your lives in the cause of Allah.
That is %etter for you9 if you only
+newH
The classi=cation of 3ihad into
minor and ma.or 3ihad:
The hadith of GKe returned from
the minor 3ihad to the ma.or 3ihadH
is fa%ricated. )t hasn4t %een
narrated %y any of the scholars of
hadith.
)%n Taymiyah states: The hadith of
G Ke returned from the minor 3ihad
to the ma.or 3ihadH is fa%ricated
and is not narrated %y any of the
scholars who have +nowledge of
the words of /asulullah9 his actions
and his 3ihad against the
non%elievers. )n fact 3ihad against
Cufar is among the greatest of
!
deeds. )ndeed it is the greatest
voluntary deed a human could do.
;vidence that 3ihad is
overwhelmingly used to refer to
=ghting non,%elievers:
1. The o%.ection of women: Khen
women came to the 1essenger
of Allah and com#lained that
the men .oin you in .ihad while
we don4t. The 1essenger of
Allah told them that the .ihad of
women is ha...
)t is o%vious here that .ihad
refers to com%at. )f it meant
struggle of the soul then why
can4t the women do itM
2. *im#ly loo+ at the ta%le of
conte5t of the %oo+s written %y
our traditional scholars. )n their
%oo+s the cha#ter titled .ihad
only refers to =ghting. )f they
understood it to directly include
other meanings this would
have %een reDected in their
writings. As an e5am#le of
what ) stated you can refer to
the following %oo+s and ta+e a
loo+ at the cha#ter of 3ihad
7notice that they called it 3ihad
and not Fitall 7=ghting88: Al
1ughni %y i%n Fudamah: Al
Imm %y )mam *ha=4i : Al
1udawanah %y )mam 1ali+ ,
The three commentaries on
1u+htasar Chalil %y Al Charshi9
Alaysh and Al 2ata% : Al
1uhala %y )%n 2aBm : *u%ul Al
*alam : <ayl Al Awtar : Al
0atawa al Cu%ra %y )%n
Taymiyah.
3. The meaning of these hadiths
referring to .ihad can only
mean =ghting. 0or e5am#le:
A%u 2uraira states that the
1essenger of Allah was as+ed:
G)s there any deed e6uivalent
to .ihadMH 2e said9 Ges9 %ut
you wont %e a%le to do itH The
third time he said9 GKhat is
e6uivalent to the mu.ahid is
the one who is fasting9 and
#raying continuously until the
mu.ahid comes %ac+H 71uslim8
)n other words comes %ac+
from com%at. Aoming %ac+
from struggle of the soul would
ma+e no sense.
A%u 2urairah states that the
1essenger of Allah was as+ed9
GE 1essenger of Allah9 guide
me to a deed e6uivalent to
.ihadH 2e said9 G) don4t =nd
anyNH Then he said9 GKhen the
mu.ahid goes on .ihad9 can you
enter your mas.id and #ray
continuously9 and fast and
never %rea+ your fastMH The
man said9 Gand who could do
thatNH 7-u+hari8
A%u 2uraira narrates that one
of the com#anions #assed %y a
s#ring of fresh water in a
valley. 2e said if ) seclude
myself from #eo#le and stay in
this valley 7to worshi# Allah8.
-ut ) wont do so until ) see+
#ermission from the 1essenger
of Allah. The 1essenger of
Allah said9 G 'on4t do so. The
#osting of one of you in the
#ath of Allah is %etter than his
#rayer in his house for seventy
years. 'on4t you want Allah to
forgive you and enter you into
"aradiseM 0ight 7i6Boo8 in the
#ath of Allah. 0or whoever
=ghts 7+atal8 in the #ath of
Allah a time e6uivalent to that
of mil+ing a camel9 "aradise is
guaranteed for himH Tirmithi
7sahih8. *o this *aha%i who
wanted to live in seclusion to
ma+e .ihad al nafs was told not
to do so.
<ot only that %ut also whenever G=
sa%eel illahH 7in the cause9 way or
#ath of Allah8 is used it is
understood to mean =ghting.
)%n 2a..ar states that: Khenever G=
sa%eel illahH is used in a general
sense it refers to =ghting in the
#ath of Allah.
)n al 1ussanaf %y )%n A%i *hay%ah
and al sunnan al +u%ra %y al
-ayha6i:
A%u -a+r al *iddee6 escorted an
army and wal+ed with them and
then said: G"raise %e to Allah for
having dust on our feet in his
cause.H A man said: G-ut we .ust
escorted them and gave them
farewellMH A%u -a+r said: GKe
#re#ared them9 gave them farewell
and made #rayers for themH
Ever here you see that the man
6uestioned A%u -a+r claim that
Gwe had our feet dirty in the cause
of AllahH This is %ecause the man
understands that to mean in the
%attleground. A%u -a+r e5#lained
to him that it would also include
the ones who su##ort and #rovide
for the =ghters.
Also this following hadith can only
%e understood in light of the
aforementioned de=nition of Gin the
#ath of AllahH:
5$! 1uslim:
*alman al 0arisi said: The
1essenger of Allah said: G-eing
stationed in the #ath of Allah for a
day is greater than fasting the days
of a month and #raying its nights.
And if he dies his rewards of the
deeds he used to do would
continue and his #rovisions would
continue and he would %e s#ared
the trial of the angels of the graveH
)f Gin the #ath of Allah is general
and includes all good deeds9 then
there is no meaning in saying that
it is %etter than the fasting and
#raying of a month. *o it must
have a s#eci=c meaning9 and that
is =ghting.
$0& Tirmithi:
A%dullah %in Amr narrated: The
1essenger of Allah said: GTwo eyes
will not %e touched %y 2ell=re: An
eye that cries from the fear of
Allah9 and an eye that s#ent the
night in a guard #ost in the #ath of
Allah
The whole conce#t of guarding in
the #ath of Allah would only ma+e
sense if it is in the conte5t of
=ghting.
&01 Al <asa4i : al 2a+im : Tirmithi :
A%u 'awud:
Amr %in A%sah said we were laying
siege to al Taif and ) heard the
1essenger of Allah say: GKhoever
shoots an arrow in the sa+e of Allah
will %e rewarded li+e one who has
freed a slaveH Amr said ) shot 1!
arrows on that day.
*hooting arrows can only %e in
=ghting.
$
CHAPTER 1 ON THE
COMMAND OF JIHAD
A!AINST THE NON
BELIE"ERS AND ITS
MANDATE# AND THE STERN
$ARNIN! A!AINST THOSE
$HO DON%T PRACTICE
JIHAD
T&' ()**+,- .) /0&.
G0ighting has %een en.oined u#on
you while it is hateful to you. -ut
#erha#s you hate a thing and it is
good for youO and #erha#s you love
a thing and it is %ad for you. And
Allah +nows9 while you +now notH
7al -a6ara 21!8
G And =ght in the cause of Allah
and +now that Allah is 2earing and
CnowingH 7al -a6ara 2448
G And if it were not for Allah
chec+ing >some? #eo#le %y means
of others9 the earth would have
%een corru#ted9 %ut Allah is full of
%ounty to the worldsH 7al -a6ara
2518
G Then +ill the #olytheists wherever
you =nd them and ca#ture them
and %esiege them and sit in wait
for them at every #lace of am%ushH
7al Taw%a 58
G0ight those who do not %elieve in
Allah or in the Last 'ay and who do
not consider unlawful what Allah
and 2is 1essenger have made
unlawful and who do not ado#t the
religion of truth >i.e.9 )slam? from
those who were given the *cri#ture
: >=ght? until they give the .iByah
1
willingly while they are hum%ledH
7al Taw%a 2(8
)mam Al 2aleemi in *ua% al )man:
Allah clari=ed that if it weren4t for
Allah chec+ing the non%elievers
through the %elievers and giving
the %elievers authority to #rotect
)slam and %rea+ the armies of
dis%elief9 dis%elief would have
reigned on earth and the true
religion would have %een
eliminated. This #roves that the
reason for the survival of religion
7i.e.9 )slam8 is 3ihad and whatever is
in this status deserves to %e a #illar
of )man.
1
Jizyah: A tax imposed on the Christian and
Jewish subjects of the Muslim Khilafah.
1. En the authority of )%n Imar
7may Allah %e #leased with
him89 the 1essenger of Allah
7#eace and %lessings of Allah
%e u#on him8 said: G ) have
%een ordered to =ght against
the #eo#le until they testify
that there is none worthy of
worshi# e5ce#t Allah and that
1uhammad is the 1essenger
of Allah9 esta%lish the #rayer
and give the Ba+ah. Then9 if
they do that9 their %lood and
wealth will %e #rotected from
me : e5ce#t in accordance with
the right of )slam. And their
rec+oning will %e with Allah9 the
;5altedH -u+hari9 1uslim9
Tirmithi9 <asa4i9 A%u 'awud9
)%n 1a.ah9 Ahmad9 al,-ayha6i9
)%n 2a%%aan9 al,'ar6utni9 and
)mam 1ali+.
)t was narrated %y )%n Imar9
A%u 2uraira9 3a%ir )%n A%dullah9
Anas %in 1ali+9 3areer i%n
A%dullah9 Aus i%n A%u Aus9 i%n
A%%aas9 *ahl i%n *aad9 al,
<umaan i%n -asheer9 Tari6 i%n
Ashyam9 A%u -a+rah9 1uadh
%in 3a%al and *amura %in
3undu%.
Thus9 the hadith is 1utawatir9
the a%solute strongest form of
2adith.
Among a few inter#retations
i%n 2a..ar mentions the
strongest is that #eo#le are
fought to esta%lish the
dominance of Allah4s law. This
o%.ective can %e met through
many means. )t could %e met
%y =ghting them. )t can also %e
met %y them acce#ting the law
of Allah and #aying the 3iByah.
)t can also %e met %y some sort
of #eace accord %etween
1uslims and others9 in which
the non,1uslims will not
o##ose the word of Allah in any
way.
2. A%u 1uthana Al A%di said )
heard A%u Al Chasasyah say )
came to the 1essenger of Allah
and said ) would #ledge
allegiance to him. The
1essenger of Allah too+ the
#ledge from me to testify that
there is none worthy of worshi#
other than Allah that
1uhammad is the 1essenger
of Allah9 to #ray the =ve
#rayers9 to fast /amadan9 to
#ay Pa+ah9 to ma+e 2a..9 and
to =ght in the sa+e of Allah. )
said E 1essenger of Allah9 Two
of those ) cannot do. The =rst is
Pa+ah. ) only have ten camels.
They constitute my entire
wealth. The second is 3ihad. )
heard that whoever runs away
from the %attle=eld has
incurred the wrath of Allah. )
am afraid if =ghting faces me )
might fear death and my s#irit
would fail me. /asulullah
gra%%ed his hand and waved it
and said9 G<o sada6ah and no
3ihadN 2ow can you then enter
into 3annahMH. A%u al
Chasasyah then said: The
1essenger of Allah too+ my
#ledge on every term he
mentioned.H
<arrated %y Al 2a+im and
authenticated it.
3. *alamah %in <ufail said: Khile )
was sitting with /asulullah a
man came to him and said9 GE
1essenger of Allah 2orses are
%eing discarded and wea#ons
are %een laid down and some
are claiming that there is no
more =ghtingH /asulullah said9
GThey are lyingN 0ighting has
.ust %egunN And a #arty of my
Immah will =ght for the sa+e
of Allah9 and those who o##ose
them will not harm them. Allah
will deviate the hearts of some
men to #rovide for that #arty
from them %y =ghting them.
And they will continue =ghting
until the =nal hour starts 7the
'ay of 3udgment8 and good will
remain on the foreheads of
horses until the day of
3udgment and war will not end
until agog and 1agog come
out.
<arrated %y al Ta%arani in Al
1u.am al Ca%ir
A similar hadith was narrated
%y )mam al <asa4i and is hasan
7agreea%le8:
4. *alamah %in <ufail said: Khile )
was sitting with /asulullah a
man came to him and said9 GE
1essenger of Allah 2orses are
%eing humiliated 7ignored89 and
wea#ons are %eing laid down
and #eo#le are claiming there
is no more 3ihad and war has
endedH /asulullah said: G They
are lyingN 0ighting has .ust
%egunN 0ighting has .ust %egunN
And a #arty of my Immah will
remain =ghting on the true
#ath and Allah will deviate the
&
hearts of some men and Allah
will #rovide the =ghters from
them until the =nal hour starts
and the #romise of Allah is
ful=lled and good is on the
foreheads of horses until the
day of 3udgment. )t is %eing
revealed to me that ) will %e
de#arting you soon and you
would follow me while you are
=ghting each other and the
house of the %elievers is in al
shaam
2
.
)n the commentary on Al <asa4i
%y al *indi he states that:
2umiliating horses means
ignoring them and %elittling
their im#ortance or not using
them for com%at.
G<ow =ghting has started now
=ghting has startedH The
re#etition is to reveal the
im#ortance of the message and
it means that =ghting is only
increasing and that Allah has
.ust #rescri%ed it so how can it
end so soonM Er it means that
the real =ghting has .ust %egun
%ecause so far they have %een
=ghting only within their
territory9 the land of the Ara%s9
%ut now is time for them to
carry the %attle to further
lands.
GAllah will deviate the hearts of
someH )t means Allah will
always #rovide this #arty of
%elievers with men to =ght
even if it means deviating their
hearts from )man to Cufur. That
is to %less these %elievers %y
#roviding them with the honor
of =ghting in his sa+e and the
ultimate #leasure of #leasing
Allah. >)n other words Allah will
never de#rive the Immah from
the o##ortunity of 3ihad. ;ven if
one were to assume that the
whole world would %ecome
1uslim9 Allah would deviate the
hearts of some from )slam to
dis%elieve so that the
1u.ahideen can =ght them?
GLood is on the foreheads of
horses9H 1eans reward and
%ooty9 or honor and #ride
GThe house of the %elievers is
al *haamH that is referring to
the end of time. )t will %e the
stronghold of )slam and the
land of 3ihad.
Al !haam refers to !yria" #ebanon" $alestine and

Jordon. %t could be used to refer to part or all of
these countries.
>Ke have a right to as+: Khere
have these hadiths %eenM 2ow
come our scholars have left us
in the dar+ regarding these
hadithsM 2ow come we4ve
heard the hadiths on Taharah
and the eti6uettes of the toilet
hundreds of times while one
has to dig dee# in our classical
%oo+s to retrieve these
treasuresM?
5. Anas narrates that the
1essenger of Allah said: G0ight
the non%elievers with your
wealth9 arms9 and tonguesH
Kith your tongues means hurt
the non,%elievers %y letting
them hear what dis#leases
them.
*ahih9 al <asa4i9 A%u 'awud9
Ahmad9 and al 2a+im
!. The 1essenger of Allah said: G)
have =ve commands for you: To
Listen9 to o%ey9 to =ght .ihad9
to ma+e hi.rah9 and to stay with
the .ama4ahH
Tirmithi : Ahmad : A%dul/aBa6
72assan8
$. )%n A%%aas narrates that the
1essenger of Allah said9 GThere
is no 2i.rah after the o#ening of
1a++ah %ut there is 3ihad and
intentions and if you are called
to =ght then =ghtH
-u+hari and 1uslim
Allah says: G Lo forth9 whether light
of heavy9 and strive with your
wealth and your lives in the cause
of Allah. That is %etter for you9 if
you only +newH
Aomments on the meaning of Glight
and heavyH in this verse:
A%i *aleh: The young and old
Fatadah: Active or inactive9
energetic or not
)t is narrated that A%u Ayu% al
Ansari too+ a rest from 3ihad for a
year. 2e then recited this ayah and
said9 G) do not =nd for myself an
e5cuse in this ayahH so he resumed
his 3ihad.
A%u *hay%ah narrated with an
authentic narration to al 2a+am:
-usy or #reoccu#ied.
)t is also said the GheavyH is the
one who has #ro#erty which he
fears would %e lost if he .oins 3ihad.
Khile the GlightH is the one with no
#ro#erty to worry a%out.
Al Furtu%i says9 G the ayah is
general and a##lies to everyone
whether .oining is easy for them or
notH
Al Puhri states that )%n Al 1usaya%
.oined the army when he had
already lost one of his eyes due to
old age. 2e was told you are ill9 he
said9 G Asta6=rullah 71ay Allah
forgive me8 Allah says the light and
the heavy. )f ) am inca#a%le of
=ghting at least ) will increase the
num%er of the army and would
guard your luggageH
>*u%hanallah9 some #eo#le would
use every argument to run away
from =ghting ,when they have no
e5cuse, while some would have a
valid e5cuse %ut would
nevertheless use every argument
to .oin the =ghters
&. A%u a4la and al 2a+im narrate
with an authentic chain: Anas
%in 1ali+ said that A%u Talhah
recited al Taw%ah and #assed
%y this verse GLo forth light or
heavyH and said ) see that Allah
is calling u#on me whether )
am young or old. *o he told his
sons to #re#are him for
com%at. They said you have
already fought with /asulullah
until he died and then with A%u
-a+r until he died and then
with Imar. *o +now let us =ght
on your %ehalf. 2e said9
G"re#are me for com%atH and
they did. 2e went on an
e5#edition in the sea and died.
They didn4t =nd an island to
%urry him until seven days
latter and his %ody never
changed.
(. A%dul/aBa6 narrates that
1a+hool used to face Fi%lah
and then swear ten times in
the name of Allah that going
out in e5#editions is mandatory
on you. 2e would then face his
students and say9 G)f you want
%e to swear %eyond ten times )
would do soH
I1 J2&+- fard kifayah )4 fard
ayn7
/ealiBe that attac+ing the non,
%elievers in their territories is a
collective duty 7fardh kifayah8 with
the consensus of the scholars.
2owever i%n al 1usaye% and i%n
*hu%rumah state that it is a duty
(
7fardh ayn8 on each and every
individual.
The minimum #artici#ation in 3ihad
is once a year9 and more is always
%etter. )t is not allowed to have a
year #ass you %y without any
=ghting e5ce#t out of necessity li+e
the wea+ness of 1uslims and the
great num%ers of the enemy9 or
fear of e5termination if you attac+
them =rst9 or lac+ of #rovisions9 or
similar e5cuses. Etherwise9 if there
is no necessity it is not allowed to
delay attac+ing the non,%elievers
for more than a year. )mam *ha=4i
states that.
The imam of al 2aramain says: )
ado#t the o#inion of the scholars of
usool. They stated that 3ihad is a
mandatory call and must %e
esta%lished according to the a%ility
until none remains in the world %ut
a 1uslim or one who has su%mitted
to 1uslims. Thus9 3ihad is not
limited to once a year. )t should %e
done more fre6uently if #ossi%le.
Khat the scholars of =6h stated is
%ecause usually the time s#ent in
#re#arations for com%at limit the
a%ility to wage war to once a year.
The author of al 1ugni from the
2an%ali school states: GThe
minimum .ihad is once a year9 so it
is mandatory every year. )f there is
a need to =ght more than once a
year9 it %ecomes mandatory on the
1uslims to ful=ll that need.H
Al Furtu%i states in his tafseer: G)t
is mandatory on the )mam to send
an army of 1uslims to the land of
the enemy once every year and the
)mam should #artici#ate himself in
such e5#editions. )f not9 then he
should send someone ca#a%le
whom he trusts9 to call them to
)slam9 +ee# away their harm9 to
give victory to the religion of Allah9
until they enter )slam or #ay
.iByahH
><otice that al Furtu%i states that
one of the o%.ectives of sending
the armies is to +ee# the harm of
the enemy away. This is an
indication that 1uslims will never
taste #eace in their lives if they do
not attac+ the enemies of Allah and
on their turf. The conse6uences of
not ful=lling that duty is the #rice
we are #aying today. )f you don4t
+ee# shaytaan in chec+ he will not
leave you alone.?
3ihad is not mandatory on children9
the mentally inca#a%le9 women9
and the ill. )t is mandatory
however9 on the one,eyed9 the one
who is su@ering from a mild illness
such as a headache9 a sore tooth9
or fever9 or the one who has a
slight lim#. This is in the madha% of
)mam Ahmad9 and ) don4t +now any
disagreement regarding that and
Allah +nows %est.
)t is the consensus of scholars that
one cannot #artici#ate in FaBw
without the #ermission of the
#arents
This is all regarding the 3ihad9
which is a collective duty 7starting
the non %elievers with war and on
their territory8. -ut if the enemy
enters the 1uslim land9 or even
a##roaches it and masses on its
%orders9 even if they do not
actually enter it9 and there armies
are dou%le the siBe of that of the
1uslims or less9 then 3ihad
%ecomes mandatory on each and
every individual. Then9 the slave
leaves without the #ermission of
the master9 the woman without the
#ermission of her hus%and 7if she
has the strength to =ght according
to the stronger o#inion89 the son
#arents9 and the one inde%t
lender. All of the a%ove stated is
the o#inion of )mam 1ali+9 Ahmad9
and A%u 2anifah >in addition to the
madha% of the author which is
*ha=4i?.
)f the enemy am%ushes the
1uslims in a certain area and they
don4t have a chance to assem%le
together and #re#are to =ght9 then
whoever is faced %y a non%eliever9
or a grou# of non%elievers9 and the
1uslim +nows that if he surrenders
he would %e +illed9 then he must
=ght. There is no di@erence in this
ruling %etween a freeman9 slave9
man9 woman9 %lind9 lim#9 or ill. )f
there is only the #ossi%ility of %eing
+illed if surrendered9 %ut would
de=antly %e +illed if he refuses to
surrender9 then it is allowed to
either surrender or =ght9 %ut
=ghting is %etter.
)f a woman thin+s if she is ta+en
#risoner she would %e se5ually
a%used9 it is mandatory on her to
=ght9 even if that would lead to her
death %ecause if a #erson is forced
to commit adultery or fornication it
is not allowed to give in even if to
save one4s life.
<ow if some of the 1uslims in the
attac+ed area go to =ght the
enemy and they are suJcient in
num%ers and are ca#a%le of
=ghting the enemy alone9 it is still
a duty on the rest to hel#. Al
1awardi states that %ecause it is a
3ihad of defense so it remains a
duty on every 1uslim ca#a%le of
=ghting in that territory.
)f the non%elievers descend on an
un#o#ulated 1uslim land that is far
away from #o#ulated areas there
are two o#inions in that9 and Al
LaBali narrates %oth. The =rst is
that of the )mam al 2aramain. 2e
states that it does not %ecome
mandatory on 1uslims to =ght and
#ut their lives in danger to #rotect
such a secluded9 un#o#ulated land.
The other o#inion9 which is the
#osition of the madha%9 is that it is
mandatory for 1uslims to =ght for
that land.
)mam <awawi says the o#inion of
the )mam 7of al 2aramain9 al
3uwaini8 is unacce#ta%le. 2ow can
we ,the 1uslims, allow the non,
1uslims to ta+e away #art of the
'ar al )slam with our a%ility to
#rotect itM
Al Furtu%i says: )f the enemy .ust
comes close to 1uslim territory9
even without entering it9 it
%ecomes mandatory on 1uslims to
go and meet the enemy in order for
the religion of )slam to #revail and
gain the u##er hand and to
humiliate the enemy.
Al -aghawi states that it is
mandatory on the 1uslims who are
closest to the invaded land9 and is
a collective duty on the 1uslims
who are far away.
T&' 9:,21&*',. )3 .&)1' ;&)
-),%. 9+4.2(29+.' 2, J2&+-
Allah says:*ay >E 1uhammad?9 G)f
your fathers9 your sons9 your
%rothers9 your wives9 your
relatives9 wealth which you have
o%tained9 commerce wherein you
fear decline9 and dwellings with
which you are #leased9 are more
%eloved to you than Allah and 2is
1essenger and .ihad in 2is cause
then wait until Allah e5ecutes 2is
command. And Allah des not guide
the de=antly diso%edient #eo#le
7Taw%ah 248
)n this ayah is a suJcient warning
for anyone who leaves .ihad with
their selves and their wealth
Allah says: E you who have
%elieved9 what is >the matter? with
you that9 when you are told to go
forth in the cause of Allah9 you
10
adhere heavily to the earthM Are
you satis=ed with the life of this
world rather than the 2ereafterM
-ut what is the en.oyment of
worldly life com#ared to the
2ereafter e5ce#t a >very? little.
)f you do not go forth9 2e will
#unish you with a #ainful
#unishment and will re#lace you
with another #eo#le9 and you will
not harm 2im at all. And Allah is
over all things com#etent 7Taw%ah
3&,3(8
Those who remained %ehind
re.oiced at their staying >at home?
after >the de#arture of? the
1essenger of Allah and disli+ed to
strive with their wealth and their
lives in the cause of Allah and said9
G'o not go forth in the heat.H *ay9
GThe =re of 2ell is more intense in
heatH, if they would %ut understand
*o let them laugh a little and >then?
wee# much as recom#ense for
what they used to earn. 7Taw%a &1,
&28
10. )%n Imar narrates: ) heard the
1essenger of Allah saying9 G)f
you trade in each9 and follow
the tails of cows9 and %ecame
content with %eing farmers9
and ignored .ihad9 Allah will
im#ose on you a humiliation
that would not %e ta+en away
until you go %ac+ to your
religion. 7A%u 'awud :
Authentic8
The meaning of the hadith is
that if #eo#le ignore .ihad
%ecause of their involvement in
agriculture and similar a@airs9
Allah will unleash u#on them
their enemies which would
%ring them humiliation which
cannot %e eliminated unless
they go %ac+ to what is a duty
u#on them to start with and
that is .ihad against the non,
%elievers9 and %eing harsh and
rough on them9 and
esta%lishing religion to give
)slam and its followers victory
and to raise the word of Allah
high and to humiliate dis%elief
and its followers. This hadith
shows that leaving .ihad is
leaving )slam %ecause the
1essenger of Allah said: Guntil
you go %ac+ to your religionH
11. A%u -a+r states that9 G )f any
#eo#le sto# .ihad Allah will
cover them all with
#unishmentH
al Ta%arani9 7agreea%le chain8
12. )%n Asa+ir narrates that when
A%u -a+r %ecame the Chalifah
he stood on the #ul#it and
among what he said was9 G )f
#eo#le do not #ractice .ihad
Allah will inDict them with
#overtyH
Ene might say that ) see some
#eo#le not #racticing .ihad
nevertheless they are wealthy. The
answer is that wealth is not the
amount of money you have9 %ut
wealth is a feeling of contentment
and satisfaction that e5ists in the
heart. Khen #eo#le sto# #racticing
.ihad they miss out on the %ooty of
war. Khen they do that and instead
turn their attention and e@ort to
ma+ing wealth from various other
means9 they get involved in a lot of
#rohi%ited methods of ma+ing
money. ou then rarely =nd anyone
among them who4s wealth is all
#ure halal. They %ecame greedy
over miser things of this world.
That made them humiliated and
they %ecame slaves to money.
-ut the mu.ahid is free of greed
and is de#ending on Allah for his
#rovisions. Allah #rovides for him
from the %ooty. 2e wins it %y his
sword and it is #ure halal.
13. A%u 2urairah narrates that the
1essenger of Allah said: G
Khoever dies and has not
fought or had the intention of
=ghting dies on a %ranch of
hy#ocrisyH 1uslim
14. A%u Imamah narrates that the
Khoever has not fought or
#re#ared a =ghter or ta+en
care of a =ghter in his a%sence9
Allah will stri+e him with a
disasterH A%u 'awud
7Agreea%le8
A, +-=2(' .) .&' ),'1 ;&) 1.+6
>'&2,-
E you who have neglected .ihad
and stayed away from the #ath of
success: ou have #ut yourself in
the #osition of e5clusion from the
mercy of Allah. ou have de#rived
yourself from the greatest reward.
Khat is it that caused you to stay
%ehindM Khy haven4t you .oined
the ran+s of the mu.ahideenM Khy
are you holding %ac+ your soul and
your wealthM
)t must %e one of the following
reasons: The desire to live a long
lifeO attachment to family9 wealth9
friendsO desire to do more good
deeds %efore =ghting .ihadO love of
a %eautiful wifeO your #osition of
#owerO or love of a comforta%le life
style.
<othing else could %e holding you
%ac+. )t must %e one of the a%ove,
mentioned reasons that are
+ee#ing you away from Allah. Aan4t
you hear the call of Allah directed
at you: GE you who have %elieved9
what is >the matter? with you that9
when you are told to go forth in the
cause of Allah9 you adhere heavily
to the earthM Are you satis=ed with
the life of this world rather than the
2ereafterM -ut what is the
en.oyment of worldly life com#ared
to the 2ereafter e5ce#t a >very?
little.H
Listen carefully to how ) res#ond to
each and every one of the causes
that are holding you %ac+ from
.ihad. ou will then come to realiBe
that you are de#rived and you
would learn that it is nothing %ut
your self and *haytaan that is
#reventing you from .ihad.
1. T&' -'124' .) A2=' A),0'4
)n the name of Allah9 fearlessness
does not decrease your life and
cowardice does not increase it.
Allah says:
GAnd for every nation is a
>s#eci=ed? term. *o when their
time has come9 they will not
remain %ehind an hour nor will they
#recede >it?.H 7Al Aaraf 348
And 2e says:
G-ut never will Allah delay a soul
when its time has come. And Allah
is Ac6uainted with what you do.H
7Al 1una=6oon 118
And 2e says:
G;very soul will taste death. Then
to Is will you %e returned.H 7Al
An+a%oot 5$8
E you who have deceived yourself:
/emem%er that during death is
agony and #ain. And on the 'ay of
3udgment is the great fear. 'o you
remem%er that the *haheed is
s#ared of all of thatM
2e does not feel the #ain of death
e5ce#t li+e a sting of an insect. 1y
11
%rother9 why miss out on this
o##ortunityM And then after death
you will %e s#ared from the
#unishment of the grave9 you will
not go through the 6uestioning of
the angels in the grave9 and you
will %e tran6uil on the 'ay of
3udgment when everyone else is
afraid. After your death your soul
will %e in the insides of %irds Dying
in "aradise.
Aan you see the di@erence
%etween dying a natural death and
%eing a *haheedM
?. A..+(&*',. .) 3+*2A6
)f what is #reventing you from .ihad
is family9 wealth and friends then
Allah says:
GAnd it is not your wealth or your
children that %ring you nearer to Is
in #osition9 %ut it is >%y %eing? one
who has %elieved and done
righteousness.H 7*a%a 3$8
And 2e says:
GCnow that the life of this world is
%ut amusement and diversion and
adornment and %oasting to one
another and com#etition in
increase of wealth and children :
li+e the e5am#le of a rain whose
#lant growth #leases the tillersO
then it fries and you see it turned
yellowO then it %ecomes de%ris. And
in the 2ereafter is severe
#unishment and forgiveness from
Allah and a##roval. And what is the
worldly life e5ce#t the en.oyment
of delusion.H7Al 2adeed 208
The 1essenger of Allah said: Gand
the area under a whi# or under
your foot in "aradise is %etter than
the world and everything in itH
7-u+hari8
*o does it ma+e sense to leave this
vast +ingdom in "aradise for the
sa+e of your family who in a short
while will %e among the deadM A
family that might e5#ress
animosity9 %ad %ehavior9 or
.ealousy. )f you have money they
love you9 if your %ro+e they forsa+e
you. Ene day they are with you and
the ne5t day against you. )n the
end9 on the 'ay of 3udgment9 they
would leave you alone and they
would hold you accounta%le for the
siBe of an atom. They would all
desire that they could %e saved on
that day even if it is %y %y you
going to 2ell=re.
@. L)=' )3 ;'+A.&
)f it is your wealth that is +ee#ing
you %ehind then how can it do so
when you +now that it will
eventually leave youM And %ecause
of this wealth you would %e as+ed
on the 'ay of 3udgment: 2ow did
you ma+e itM And how did you
s#end itM ou will %e as+ed these
two 6uestions on a day that would
ma+e a child gray headed. A day of
horror.
The 1essenger of Allah said: GThe
#oor 1uslims would #recede the
rich in "aradise %y half a day: 500
yearsNH
Allah says:
Gour wealth and your children are
%ut a trial9 and Allah has with 2im a
great reward.H 7Al Tagha%un 158
And how can your children +ee#
you from .ihadM
4. L)=' )3 6):4 (&2A-4', +,-
(+42,0 3)4 .&'*
)s it %ecause you care for themM
Kell Allah is more careful for them
then you. 'idn4t 2e care for them
when they were in the dar+ness of
their mother4s wom%M
2ow can such a child #revent you
from .ihad when if he is young you
are concerned and when they grow
old you are still concerned. ou are
concerned a%out them when they
are healthy and when they are sic+.
)f you disci#line them they revolt
against you. )f you advice them
they hate you. And after all of your
care for them9 when you grow old
they forsa+e youN And you still see
them as a %lessingN
Let them out of your mindN And
hand them over to the one who
created them. And trust Allah in
their #rovisions as you trust 2im in
yours. 2ow can you admit that
Allah is the one who manages the
a@airs of the 2eavens and ;arth
and you don4t trust 2im with the
#rovisions of your childrenM
)n the name of Allah you have no
authority over the harm or %ene=t
that %efalls them or even yourself.
ou have no control over your life
or theirs. ou cannot add a day to
their life. )n one day you could %e
dead and then you would leave
your children or#hans %ehind you.
Then you would say: ) wish ) were
with the martyrsN And the res#onse
would %e: <ow it4s too late.
Allah says:
GE man+ind9 fear your Lord and
fear a 'ay when no father will avail
his son9 nor will a son avail his
father at all. )ndeed9 the #romise of
Allah is true9 so let not the worldly
life delude you and %e not deceived
a%out Allah %y the 'eceiver >i.e.
*atan?H 7Lu6man 338
<ow if your child is among the
successful 7#eo#le of "aradise8
then you would %e reunited in
"aradise. )f he is among the losers
then why waitM Let the se#aration
%e from nowN
)f you truly care for your child then
die as a *haheed. ou would then
%e a%le to a##eal for $0 of your
family mem%ers. *o what are you
waiting forM
D. Y):4 342',-1
)f you are una%le to leave %ehind
your friends and ac6uaintances
then remem%er the 'ay of
3udgment. En that day friends are
enemies e5ce#t the righteous
among them. *o if your friends are
not righteous then you don4t want
to %e with them today %ecause
tomorrow they will turn against
you. -ut if they are righteous then
Allah will unite you together in a
%etter #lace than this. Allah says:
GAnd Ke will remove whatever is in
their %reasts of resentment9 >so
they will %e? %rothers9 on thrones
facing each other.H 7Al 2i.r 4$8
E. P);'4 +,- 94'1.20'
ou might %e staying %ehind the
ran+s of the mu.ahideen %ecause
you fear the loss of what you have
esta%lished so far in your life in
terms of #osition9 #ower9 and
#restige.
This #osition you are holding9 how
many hands did it #ass through
until it reached youM *o if this
#osition left them it would one day
leave you. our #ower is tem#orary
and your #restige will soon %e
forgotten. our #osition9 #ower and
#restige are +ee#ing away from the
#ath of "aradise. The lowest #erson
in "aradise will own ten times the
whole world and everything on itN
This is the #ower and #osition of
the lowest #erson of "aradise. )t is
greater than that of the greatest
+ing of this world.
12
<othing in this world is free of
contamination. The "osition you
are holding has its fair share of
disa##ointments. )n order to win
#ower and #osition you will have to
struggle. ou will win enemies and
lose friends. ou will su@er #ain and
defeats along the way. "aradise is
free of all of that. Allah says:
GLardens of #er#etual residenceO
they will enter them with whoever
were righteous among their
fathers9 their s#ouses and their
descendants. And the angels will
enter u#on them from every gate9
>saying:?
G"eace %e u#on you for what you
#atiently endure. And e5cellent is
the =nal homeH 7Al /a4ad 23,248
F. A..+(&*',. .) +
()*3)4.+>A' A23'1.6A'
)t might %e the tran6uility of your
mansion. The shade of your
garden. The comfort of your %ed.
The amenities of life that are
surrounding you and ma+ing your
life #leasant and #ain free.
-ut remem%er that none if that
would last forever. our mansion is
nothing %ut stones9 %ric+s and
mortar. )f it is not cleaned it would
rot and if it is not maintained it
would %rea+down. And eventually it
would turn into the dirt it was made
of. Kouldn4t you #refer to live in a
#alace %uilt from %ric+s of gold and
silverM A #alace that is everlasting9
and doesn4t need cleaning or
maintenance. )ts furniture is
chosen and arranged %y angels. )n
it you would %e served with the
%est food %y servants whom Allah
says a%out them:
GThere will circulate among them
young %oys made eternal. Khen
you see them9 you would thin+
them >as %eautiful as? scattered
#earls.H 7Al )nsan 1(8
)n "aradise everything is clean ,
everything is #ure. There is no call
to nature or sweating. Eur %odies
will come in a di@erent form.
Life therein is in=nite. There is no
time #ressure. The #eo#le of
"aradise are free to do what they
li+e whenever they li+e and for as
long as they li+e. Ene of them
could recline on his throne for 40
years tal+ing to his wife.
<othing stands %etween you and
this en.oyment e5ce#t dying as a
*haheed.
Aom#are this lifestyle with what
you have in this world.
8. D'124' .) A2=' A),0'4 .) -)
*)4' 0))- -''-1
ou might not want to #artici#ate in
.ihad %ecause you are not ready
and you want to do more deeds. *o
you have a good intention in
delaying .ihad. -ut let me tell you
that you are %eing deceived. Allah
says:
E man+ind9 indeed the #romise of
Allah is truth9 so let not the worldly
life delude you and %e not deceived
a%out Allah %y the 'eceiver >i.e.
*atan?
)ndeed9 *atan is an enemy to youO
so ta+e him as an enemy. 2e only
invites his #arty to %e among the
com#anions of the -laBe.H 70atir 5,
!8
This is nothing more than a tra# of
*haytaan. That is not the way of
the Awlyah 7friends8 of Allah.
Keren4t the *aha%ah and Ta%i4een
+eener to do more good deeds than
youM -ut that never held them
%ac+ from =ghting in the cause of
Allah. Aan4t you here Allah telling
you:
GLo forth whether light or heavy9
and strive with your wealth and
your lives in the cause of Allah.
That is %etter for you9 if you only
+newH 7Al Taw%ah 418
Aan4t you see that the %est way to
%etter yourself is actually through
.ihadM Allah says:
G-ut Allah has #referred the
mu.ahideen over those who remain
>%ehind? with a great rewardH 7Al
<isa (58
)n fact there is nothing that
com#ares to .ihad. The 1essenger
of Allah says:
G*tanding in the ran+s of the army
in the %attle=eld is greater that
worshi#ing Allah among your
family for seventy yearsH Tirmithi :
al -ayha6i : al 2a+im
E you who have deceived yourself
realiBe that the slee# of the
mu.ahid is %etter than the #raying
of the night and fasting of the day
of everyone else.
8. L)=' )3 6):4 ;23'
)f you cannot go to .ihad %ecause
you are attached to your %eautiful
wife9 then even if you were to
assume that your wife is the %est
woman in the whole world and that
she is the most %eautiful woman in
the whole worl9 didn4t she start out
as a lowly dro#let and would end as
a decom#osed %odyM And in
%etween her %irth and death she
never ceased carrying stool in her
gutsN 2er menstrual #eriod +ee#s
you away from her a good #ortion
of her life. 2er diso%edience is
more than her o%edience. )f she
does not wash she would smell
horri%le. )f she doesn4t com%9 her
hair %ecomes ruQed. The older she
gets the more ugly she %ecomes.
"leasing her is not easy and her
love costs you a lot. ou are always
trying to em#ress her and nothing
is ever enough. *he only loves you
when you give her what she wants9
and if you don4t she would soon
leave you and =nd someone else.
As if she is telling you: )f you want
me s#end on meN )n general you
cannot en.oy her without #er#etual
#ain and su@ering.
)t is amaBing how such a woman is
+ee#ing you away from the women
of "aradise. )n the name of Allah
the %lood of the *haheed does not
dry %efore he meets his wife in
"aradiseN
*he is %eautiful with %ig lustrous
eyes. A virgin as if she is an
emerald. *he has loved no one and
will love no one %ut you. *he was
created for you and only you. )f her
=nger a##ears it would overshadow
the moon. )f her %racelet a##ears
in a dar+ night9 it would leave no
dar+ness in the universe. )f her
wrist a##ears9 it would ta+e away
the mind of every sane human
%eing. )f she a##ears %etween the
heaven and earth9 the distance
%etween them would %e =lled %y
her scent9 and if she s#its in the
oceans of the world the salt water
would turn fresh.
The more you loo+ at her the more
%eautiful she %ecomes. The more
time you s#end with her9 the more
you love her.
'oes it ma+e any sense to learn
a%out such a woman and not try to
meet herM Khat a%out when you
learn that you will %e married not
to one9 %ut seventy of the 2oorN
13
Cee# in mind that leaving your wife
%ehind is inevita%le. ou will die
and so would she. And insha Allah
you will %e reunited in "aradise and
then you will =nd her to %e even
more %eautiful than the 2oor.
Khen that ha##ens you will =nd
her free of all the dis#leasures of
this life.
Ka+e u# %efore its too late9 and
free yourself from the #rison of this
world9 and #ray to Allah to grant
you martyrdom. 'on4t let anything
stand %etween you and this great
reward.
1. A%u 2urairah narrates: The
1essenger of Allah said G The
*haheed feels the #ain of
death .ust li+e one of you would
feel the sting of an insectH
Al Tirmithi : Al <asa4i : i%n 1a.ah :
Ahmad 7al Al%ani: 2assan8
2. The 1essenger of Allah said: A
tri# in the early or late hours of
the day in the #ath of Allah is
%etter than the world and
everything in it9 and the area
under a whi# or under your foot
in "aradise is %etter than the
world and everything in it9 and
if a woman of "aradise reveals
herself to the #eo#le of this
world she would =ll the
distance %etween them with
light9 and her scent9 and the
scarf on her head is %etter than
the world and everything in it
7-u+hari8
14
CHAPTER ? THE "IRTUES
OF JIHAD AND
MUJAHIDEEN
T&' =24.:'1 )3 J2&+-
Allah says: <ot e6ual are those
%elievers remaining >at home? :
other than the disa%led : and the
1u.ahideen in the cause of Allah
with their wealth and their lives.
Allah has #referred the 1u.ahideen
through their wealth and their lives
over those who remain >%ehind?9 %y
degrees. And to all9 Allah has
#romised the %est >reward?. -ut
Allah has #referred the mu.ahideen
over those who remain >%ehind?
with a great reward.
'egrees from 2im and forgiveness
and mercy. And Allah is ever
0orgiving and 1erciful. 7Al <isa (5,
(!8
Allah says: *o let those =ght in the
cause of Allah who sells the life of
this world for the 2ereafter. And he
who =ghts in the cause of Allah and
is +illed or achieves victory : Ke
will %estow u#on him a great
reward. 7Al <isa $48
The ones who have %elieved9
emigrated and striven in the cause
of Allah with their wealth and their
lives are greater in ran+ in the sight
of Allah. And it is those who are the
attainers >of success?
Their Lord gives them good tidings
of mercy from 2im and a##roval
and of gardens for them wherein is
enduring #leasure.
A%iding therein forever. )ndeed9
Allah has with 2im a great reward.
7Al Taw%a 20,228
)ndeed9 Allah has #urchased from
the %elievers their lives and their
#ro#erties >in e5change? for that
they will have "aradise. They =ght
in the cause of Allah9 so they +ill
and are +illed. >)t is? a true #romise
>%inding? u#on 2im in the Torah
and the Los#el and the Furan. And
who is truer to his covenant than
AllahM *o re.oice in your
transaction9 which you have
contracted. And it is that which is
the great attainment. 7Al Taw%a
1118
E you who have %elieved9 if you
su##ort Allah9 2e will su##ort you
and #lant =rmly your feet.
71uhammad $8
The %elievers are only the ones
who have %elieved in Allah and 2is
1essenger and then dou%t not %ut
strive with their #ro#erties and
their lives in the cause of Allah. )t is
those who are the truthful. 7Al
2u.rat 158
E you who have %elieved shall )
guide you to a transaction that will
save you from a #ainful
#unishmentM
>)t is that? you %elieve in Allah and
2is 1essenger and strive in the
cause of Allah with your wealth and
your lives. That is %est for you9 if
you should %ut +now.
2e will forgive you your sins and
admit you to gardens %eneath
which rivers Dow and #leasant
dwellings in gardens of #er#etual
residence. That is the great
attainment.
And >you will o%tain? another
>favor? that you love : victory from
Allah and an imminent con6uestO
and give good tidings to the
%elievers. 7Al *a@ 10,138
J2&+- 21 .&' >'1. -''- +3.'4
S+A+& +,- >'2,0 -:.23:A
.);+4-1 ),'%1 9+4',.1
3. The 1essenger of Allah was
as+ed what is the most %eloved
act of worshi# in the eyes of
AllahM 2e said9 G"raying on
time9H ) said9 G Then whatMH 2e
said9 G-eing dutiful towards
your #arents9H ) said and then
whatM 2e said9 G.ihad in the
#ath of AllahH 7-u+hari8
4. )%n Imar used to consider .ihad
to %e the %est of all deed after
*alah 7al -ayha6i8
J2&+- 21 .&' 04'+.'1. -''- +3.'4
>'A2'=2,0 2, AAA+&
5. The 1essenger of Allah was
as+ed9 GKhat is the %est of all
acts of worshi#MH 2e said9
G-elieving in AllahH 2e was
as+ed9 GAnd then whatMH 2e
res#onded9 G3ihad in the #ath of
AllahH Then he was as+ed GAnd
then whatMH 2e said9 GAn
acce#ted 2a..H 7-u+hari and
1uslim8
!. 1a4iB narrates9 the 1essenger
of Allah was as+ed9 GKhat is
the %est deedMH 2e said9
G-elieving in Allah9 and then
.ihad9 and then 2a.. which
would %e %etter than every
other deed li+e the distance
%etween the sunset and
sunriseH 7Ahmad8
>This is an indication that the
status of these deeds is not
only higher than anything else
%ut it is so with a huge margin.?
$. A%u 'harr narrates9 ) as+ed the
1essenger of Allah a%out the
%est deeds9 he said9 G -elieving
in Allah and .ihad in 2is #athH
7-u+hari and 1uslim8
&. A%u Fatadah narrates that the
1essenger of Allah stood and
delivered a reminder to them
and said that .ihad in the #ath
of Allah and %elieving in Allah
are the greatest deeds. ) man
then stood u# and as+ed9 GE
1essenger of Allah9 what if )
was +illed in the #ath of Allah
would my all my sins %e
forgivenM The 1essenger of
Allah said: es 71uslim8

(. A%u 2urairah narrates that the
1essenger of Allah said Gthe
%est of deeds in the eyes of
Allah are: A %elief in Allah with
conviction9 FaBw with no
6ulool
3
9 and an acce#ta%le ha..H
7A%u ChuBaymah : )%n
2a%%aan8
J2&+- 21 04'+.'4 .&+,
;)41&292,0 2, .&' H):1'
)3 AAA+& +,- 1'4=2,0 2.
+,- 1'4=2,0 .&' 92A042*1
10. Al <uman %in -ashir narrates: )
was sitting ne5t to the #ul#it of
the 1essenger of Allah when a
man said9 G ) wouldn4t mind if )
don4t do anything after
%ecoming a 1uslim %ut serving
the #ilgrims.H Another said9 G)
wouldn4t mind if ) don4t do
anything after %ecoming a
1uslim %ut #raying in the
sacred mas.id 71a++ah8.H A
third said9 G<o9 .ihad in the
#ath of Allah is %etter than
&
'ulool is ta(in) from the booty before it is
distributed amon) the soldiers.
15
what you said.H Emar scolded
them and told them to stay
6uiet and not raise their voices
ne5t to the #ul#it of the
1essenger of Allah. 2e then
said9 this is 0riday and in a
short while he will come to give
+hut%ah. Khen he leaves ) will
go and as+ him a%out your
discussion. Allah then revealed:
G2ave you made the #roviding
of water for the #ilgrim and the
maintenance of al,1as.id al,
2araam e6ual to one who
%elieves in Allah and the Last
'ay and ma+es .ihad in the
cause of AllahM They are not
e6ual in the sight of Allah. And
Allah does not guide the
wrongdoing #eo#le.H 71uslim8
>*o the verse in e5#licit terms
stated the su#eriority of .ihad?
R'3'4',('1 .&+. B2&+- 21 .&'
04'+.'1. -''- )3 +AA
11. Amr %in A%sah narrates: A man
said E 1essenger of Allah what
is )slamM 2e said9 G)slam is
su%mission of your heart9 and
that the 1uslims are safe from
your tongue and your handsH
2e said: GKhat is the %est of
)slamMH The 1essenger of Allah
said9 G)man 70aith8H 2e said
what is faithM The 1essenger of
Allah re#lied9 GTo %elieve in
Allah9 2is angels9 2is %oo+s9 2is
1essengers9 and the
resurrection after deathH 2e
said9 GKhat is the %est of
)manMH The 1essenger of Allah
said9 G2i.rahH 2e said what is
hi.rahM The 1essenger of Allah
said9 GTo leave sins %ehindH 2e
hi.rahMH The 1essenger of Allah
said9 G3ihadH 2e said what is
the %est of .ihadM The
1essenger of Allah said9 Gthe
one whose horse is slain and
his %lood is s#illedH 7Ahmad : al
Ta%arani : al -ayha6i8
*ee9 may Allah have mercy on
you9 how the 1essenger of
Allah made the %est of the %est
of the %est of )slam to %e .ihad9
and then he made the %est of
.ihad to %e martyrdom.
12. The 1essenger of Allah told a
man: G-ecome a 1uslim9H The
man said9 Gwhat is )slamMH 2e
res#onded to him9 and then he
as+ed him a%out hi.rah and
.ihad. The man said what is
.ihad. M The 1essenger of Allah
said9 Gyou =ght in the cause of
Allah and you do not fear
=ghting the enemy and you do
not commit 6aloolH 7A%u a4la :
al -ayha6i8
13. Ayisha narrates that she told
the 1essenger of Allah9 GE
1essenger of Allah9 we see
that .ihad in the cause of Allah
is the greatest deed. *houldn4t
we then ma+e .ihadMH The
1essenger of Allah res#onded9
G0or you the %est .ihad is ha..
ma%roorH 7-u+hari8
1essenger of Allah said9 GThe
.ihad of the old9 the wea+9 and
the women is ha.. and umrahH
7Al <asa4i : al -ayha6i
7agreea%le88
15. Al Chatee% mentions in GThe
history of -aghdadH and i%n
Asa+ir in GThe history of
'amascusH9 that 1uhammad
%in 0adhail %in )yad said: ) saw
i%n al 1u%ara+ in my dream so
) as+ed him GKhat did you =nd
your %est deeds to %eMH 2e
said: GThe deed that )
#reoccu#ied myself withH )
as+ed G3ihad and /i%aatMH 2e
said: GesH. ) told him G*o what
did Allah do to youMH 2e said9
G2e forgave meH
1!. Al 0adhl %in Piyad said ) heard
A%u A%dullah 7)mam Ahmad8
when FaBw was mentioned to
him he started to cry and then
said: GThere is no act of
worshi# greater than itH
1$. )n al 1ugni it states that )mam
Ahmad said: GThere is nothing
com#ara%le in rewards to
meeting the enemy. And for
one to involve in the actual
=ghting is the %est of deeds
7com#ared to su##ortive roles.8
The ones who are =ghting the
enemy are the ones defending
)slam9 so what can %e greater
than thatM "eo#le feel save
while they feel fear. They have
given u# their souls for AllahH
J2&+- 21 .&' *)1. >'A)='- -''-
.) AAA+&
1&. A%dullah %in *alaam said we
were a grou# of the
com#anions of the 1essenger
of Allah and we said if we .ust
+new what was the most
%eloved deed to Allah. Allah
then revealed: GKhatever is in
the heavens and whatever is
on the earth e5alts Allah9 and
2e is the ;5alted in 1ight9 the
Kise
E you who have %elieved9 why
do you say what you do not doM
Lreat is hatred in the sight if
Allah that you say what you do
not do.
)ndeed9 Allah loves those who
=ght in 2is cause in a row as
though they are a >single?
structure .oined =rmlyH 7al *a@
1,48 7Tirmithi , al -ayha6i : al
2a+im : i%n al 1u%ara+8
T&' *:B+&2- 21 .&' 04'+.'1. )3
+AA 9')9A'
GAllah has #referred the
mu.ahideen over those who remain
>%ehind? with a great reward
0orgiving and 1erciful.H 7Al <isa
(5,(!8
1(. A%u *aid al Chudri narrates
that the 1essenger of Allah
was as+ed9 GKho is the %est of
#eo#leMH 2e said9 GA %eliever
who is ma+ing .ihad with his life
and his wealth in the cause of
AllahH 7-u+hari : 1uslim8
N) ),' (+, 94+(.2(' +,6 +(. )3
;)41&29 'C:2=+A',. .)
B2&+-
1essenger of Allah was as+ed
a%out a deed e6ual in reward
to .ihad. 2e re#lied9 Gou cant
do itH They as+ed again and
then a third time9 and every
time the 1essenger of Allah
says9 Gou cant do itH Then he
said9 GThe e6uivalent of the
mu.ahid is the one who fasts
and #rays continuously without
1!
resting until the mu.ahid comes
%ac+NH 71uslim8
21. A man came to the 1essenger
of Allah and as+ed him a%out
something to do e6uivalent to
.ihad. The 1essenger of Allah
said9 G ) don4t =nd anyH Then he
said9 GKhen the mu.ahid
leaves9 can you enter into your
mas.id and #ray and fast with
no %rea+MH The man said9 GAnd
who could do thatNH 7-u+hari8
22. A%u 2urairah says: The horse
of the mu.ahid would %e
running in a #astureland and
the mu.ahid would %e given
rewards for thatN 7-u+hari8
)f the ones with high as#irations9
those who had their rewards
multi#lied %ecause of their
com#anionshi# of the 1essenger of
AllahO if they cannot =nd anything
e6uivalent to .ihad9 then how can
we %e at ease with lower deeds.
2ow can we settle for other deeds
when even then we might have
them mi5ed with insincerity and
shortcomingsM
E Allah wa+e us u# from this slee#
and grant us .ihad in your cause
%efore it4s too lateN ou are our
ho#e for any good and there is no
strength with anyone %ut you.
R'3'4',('1 .&+. .&' 1A''9 )3
.&' *:B+&2- 21 >'..'4
.&+, .&' 94+62,0 )3 .&'
,20&. +,- 3+1.2,0 )3 .&'
-+6 )3 ).&'41
23. *afwan %in *aleem said A%u
2urairah as+ed9 GAan anyone of
you #ray continuously without
rest and fast continuously
without a %rea+MH They said9 GE
A%u 2urairah9 who could do
thatNH 2e said9 G) swear in the
name of whom my soul is in his
hands: The slee# of the
mu.ahid is %etter than thatNH
7)%n al 1u%ara+8
)f this is the status of their slee#9
then what a%out their #rayers. This
is what the com#etitors should
com#ete for and this is what others
should cry for missing.
AAA+& 4'1'4='- ),' &:,-4'-
A'='A1 2, P+4+-21' 3)4 .&'
*:B+&2-'',# >'.;'',
'+(& A'='A +,- .&' ).&'4
21 .&' -21.+,(' >'.;'',
.&' &'+=',1 +,- '+4.&
Allah has #referred the mu.ahideen
over those who remain >%ehind?
with a great reward
0orgiving and 1erciful.H 7Al <isa
(5,(!8
24. A%u 2urairah narrates: The
are a hundred levels in
"aradise s#ecially #re#ared %y
Allah for the mu.ahideen in 2is
cause. -etween each level and
the ne5t is the di@erence
%etween the heaven and earth.
*o when you as+ Allah9 as+ 2im
to grant you al 0irdaws. )t is in
the middle of "aradise and the
highest #art of it. 0rom it the
rivers of "aradise s#ring9 and
a%ove it is the throne of AllahH
7-u+hari8
The R+&>+,66+& (monasticism)
and S26+&+&
4
of this
nation is jihad:
>*uch %elievers are? the re#entant9
the worshi##ers9 the #raisers >of
Allah?9 the travelers9 those who
%ow and #rostrate9 those who
en.oin what is right and for%id what
is wrong9 and those who o%serve
the limits >set %y? Allah. And give
good tidings to the %elievers 7al
Taw%a 1128
25. A%u *aid al Chudri narrates: A
man came to the 1essenger of
Allah and said9 GAdvise meH 2e
said9 G2ave ta6wa of Allah
since it is the essence of all
good9 and ma+e .ihad since it is
the monastism of this nation9
and remem%er Allah and recite
Furan since it is light for you in
this world and remem%rance
for you in the heavens9 and
#reserve your tongue e5ce#t
from good9 for you would then
*
!iyahah is tra+elin) throu)hout the earth. %n the
earlier nations some people would tra+el the earth
for the sa(e of worshipin) their #ord. ,thers
would remain stationed at monasteries and that is
-ahbanyyah
defeat *haytaan
5
G 7al Ta%arani
: al Chatee% : Ahmad8
A%u A%dullah al 2aleemi:
The meaning of Gthe monastism of
this nation is .ihadH is that the
Ahristians used to #ractice
monastism %y leading a secluded
life in a monastery. The ma5imum
sacri=ce they would give to Allah is
to stay away from the allurements
of this world. They would claim that
they are staying away from
everyone in order not to harm
anyone. -ut there is no harm
greater than leaving the evildoers
#ractice their evil. Therefore the
real ones who are avoiding evil and
harm are the mu.ahideen who are
stam#ing it out.
2!. A%u Imamah narrates: The
1essenger of Allah said9 GThe
siyahah of my nation is .ihadH
7A%u 'awud : al 2a+im : al
sunnan al +u%ra8
*iyahah is the traveling in the
earth to Dee evil and to
contem#late in the creation of
Allah. *ince .ihad involves all of
that it %ecomes the siyahah
%ecause the mu.ahid is Deeing
towards the creator.
T&' 92,,+(A' )3 I1A+* 21 B2&+-
2$. 1uadh %in 3a%al narrates: Ke
were with the 1essenger of
Allah returning from Ta%oo+. 2e
told me9 G)f you want ) can tell
you the head of the matter9 its
#illar and its #ea+9H ) said yes E
1essenger of Allah. 2e said9
GThe head of the matter is
)slam9 its #illar is *alah9 and its
#ea+ is .ihadH 7al 2a+im :
Ahmad : al Tirmithi : i%n
1a.ah8
T&' *:B+&2- 21 02=', +
0:+4+,.'' >6 AAA+&
2&. A%u 2uraira narrates: The
1essenger of Allah said9 GAllah
has guaranteed the mu.ahid9
who leaves from his home with
no #ur#ose %ut to =ght in the
cause of Allah and %elieving in
Allah4s words9 Allah has
guaranteed for him either to
.
!haytaan: !atan.
1$
enter him into "aradise or to
return him home with reward or
%ootyH 7-u+hari and 1uslim8
2(. A%u 2urairah narrates: The
are three whom it is granted
that Allah will hel# them: The
mu.ahid in the #ath of Allah9
the slave who started the
#rocess of mu+ata%ah9 and the
one who wants to marry for
chastityH 7A%dul/aBa6 : al
Tirmithi : al 2a+im8
AAA+& ;2AA ,'='4 3)41+5' .&'
*:B+&2-'', >:. ;):A-
&'A9 .&'* +,- 4'19),- .)
.&'24 94+6'41
30. 3a%ir %in A%dullah narrates: Ke
were sent on an e5#edition %y
the 1essenger of Allah to raid a
caravan owned %y Furaish9 and
he a##ointed A%u I%aydah as
our leader. The 1essenger of
Allah found nothing to #rovide
us with e5ce#t leather %ags
=lled with dates and nothing
else. A%u I%aydah would then
hand us one date each. The
narrator was as+ed: GKhat
good would a date %eMH 2e said
we would eat it and then suc+
on the date seedN )n addition to
drin+ing water9 that was the
only food we would have for
the whole dayN Then we would
gather leafs of trees and soa+
them in water and eat them.
Then we headed for the
direction of the coast. Ke saw
what a##eared li+e a sand
dune and to our sur#rise it was
whale. A%u I%aydah at =rst
said it is dead 7therefore it
cannot %e consumed8 2e then
said: G-ut we are the
messengers of the 1essenger
of Allah and we are in the
cause of Allah9 and this is a
necessity so eat from itH Ke
stayed there for a whole month
eating from it until we grew fat
and we were three hundred in
num%erN Ke would collect oil
from its eyes with %uc+ets and
cut from its Desh #ieces as
large as a %ull. A%u I%aydah
had us =t 13 men in its eye
soc+etN 2e then had one of it4s
ri% %ones =5ed to the ground
li+e an arc+9 then he had the
tallest camel with us #ass from
under it without the camel
touching the %oneN Ke then
#ic+ed u# dried meat to carry
with us to 1adina. Khen we
told the 1essenger of Allah our
story he said9 GThat was
sustenance Allah send for you.
'o you have any of that meat
left with you to give me someM
Ke send some to him and he
ate from itH 71uslim8
M21('AA+,'):1 4';+4-1 )3 .&'
*:B+&2-'',
Allah says: GRthat is %ecause they
are not aQicted %y thirst or fatigue
or hunger in the cause of Allah9 nor
do they tread on any ground that
enrages the dis%elievers9 nor do
they inDict u#on an enemy any
inDiction %ut that it is registered for
them as a righteous deed. )ndeed9
Allah does not allow to %e lost the
reward of the doers of good.
<or do they s#end an e5#enditure9
small or large9 or cross a valley %ut
that it is registered for them that
Allah may reward them for the %est
of what they were doing.H 7Al
Taw%ah 102,1218
31. A%u -a+r %in A%i 1usa
narrates: ) heard my father say
said9 GThe gates of "aradise are
lying under the swordsH A #oor
man with rags on stood u# and
said9 GE A%u 1usa9 did you
hear that from the 1essenger
of AllahMH 1ay father said yes.
The man went %ac+ to his
com#any and told them: G) give
you my salaamH 2e then %ro+e
his sword sheath and marched
towards the enemy stri+ing
them with his sword until he
was +illedH 71uslim8
)%n 'a6ee6 al ;id says: The
statement that the gates of
"aradise are lying under the
swords would mean that
"aradise is attained through
the swords of the mu.ahideen
and using the sword is
necessary to get "aradise and
to o#en its gates.
32. The 1essenger of Allah said:
GKhoever =ghts in the cause of
Allah the time it ta+es to mil+ a
camel is granted "aradiseH
7Ahmad : A%u 'awud : al
Tirmithi : i%n 1a.ah : i%n
2a%%aan8
33. A%u 2urairah narrated: The
1essenger of Allah said: GThe
trials and tri%ulations are on
there way. Trials li+e #ieces of a
dar+ night. The safest from
them would %e a man living on
the #ea+s of mountains9 living
o@ his Doc+ of shee#9 or a man
mounting his horse living o@
his swordH 7al 2a+im8
>This indicates that in times of
great tri%ulations a man should
either %e living in seclusion or
even %etter living as a
mu.ahid.?
34. *a%urah %in al 0a+ah narrated:
) heard the 1essenger of Allah
say9 G*haytaan has interce#ted
the son of Adam on his #ath
towards )slam and told him:
GAre you going to %ecome
1uslim and leave your heritage
and the religion of your
forefathersMH -ut the son of
Adam diso%eyed him and
%ecame a 1uslim and was
forgiven. Then *haytaan sat for
him on his #ath to hi.rah and
told him: GKill you ma+e hi.rah
and leave %ehind your home
and landMH 2e diso%eyed him
and made hi.rah. 2e than sat
for him on his #ath towards
.ihad and told him: GAre you
going to =ght when it is an
e5haustion of your self and
wealthM ou would go to +ill
and would %e +illed and then
your wife would %e ta+en and
your wealth divided.H The son
of Adam diso%eyed him and
went on .ihad.H The 1essenger
of Allah then said: GKhoever
does that9 it is incum%ent u#on
Allah to admit him to "aradise9
or if he dies %y his animal
stri+ing him he would go to
"aradiseH 7Ahmad 7Agreea%le88
35. Chalid %in al Kaleed said: G)f )
were to marry a %eautiful
woman whom ) love9 or if )
were given the good news of
having a new%orn son9 it is less
%eloved and dear to my heart
then to %e9 in a cold icy night9
in an army waiting to meet the
enemy the ne5t morning. )
1&
advise you to go on .ihadH 7i%n
al 1u%ara+8
These were the words of Chalid
%efore his death.
3!. 2e also said: G) was #revented
a lot of reciting of Furan
%ecause of my #reoccu#ation
with .ihadH7)%n Asa+ir : A%u
a4la8
R'3'4',('1 .) 94'3'4',(' )3
B2&+- )='4 &+BB
3$. )%n Imar said: Ene tri# on
.ihad is %etter than 50 ha..s
7)%n al 1u%ara+ : i%n A%i
*hay%ah8
This narration to i%n Imar is
authentic
3&. 'hirar %in Amr said: G ) have
s#ent a very long time in .ihad
and my heart was longing to
ha... ) made my #re#arations to
go and then went to greet my
%rothers. ) visited )shaa6 %in
A%u 0arwah to tell him good,
%ye. 2e as+ed me9 GKhere are
you goingMH ) said: G) am going
on ha..9H 2e said: G2as your
o#inion on .ihad changed or
whatMH ) said: G<oN )ts .ust that
) have %een here on .ihad for a
long time and ) was longing for
ha.. and visiting the 2ouse of
AllahH 2e told me: G'hirarN ou
should not do what you love9
%ut you should do what Allah
loves. E 'hirar9 don4t you +now
only made ha.. once9 %ut then
s#end his life =ghting in .ihad
until he met Allah. E 'hirarN )f
you ma+e ha.. then you are
rewarded for your ha.. or
umrah. -ut if you are #osted in
.ihad or =ghting and #rotecting
the %ac+s of 1uslims9 then if
that 2ouse is visited %y
1009000 #ilgrims or whatever
num%er9 you would %e getting
the reward of everyone of their
ha..s and the ha.. of every
%elieving man or woman until
the 'ay of 3udgmentN -ecause
whoever #rotects the %elievers
is li+e the one who #rotects
them from the time of Adam
until the 'ay of 3udgment. ou
are also rewarded for =ghting
the non%elievers from the day
Adam was created until the
'ay of 3udgment %ecause
whoever =ghts them today is
li+e the one who =ghts them
from the day Adam was
created until the 'ay of
3udgment. ou are also
rewarded for every letter
revealed in the Torah9 Los#el
and Furan %ecause you are
=ghting to #rotect the light of
Allah from %eing e5tinguished.
E 'hirar %in AmrN 'on4t you
+now that there is no one
closer to the status of
#ro#hethood than the scholars
and mu.ahideenM ) said9 GAnd
how is thatMH 2e said:
G-ecause the scholars are the
ones who ful=ll the role of the
"ro#hets in guiding others to
the truth and teaching it to
them. Khile the mu.ahideen
are the ones who =ght for what
the "ro#hets have %rought and
strive to ma+e the word of
Allah the highest and the word
of the non%elievers the lowestH
'hirar said: G) decided to give
u# ha.. and remain in .ihad until
) die and meet AllahH

T&' =24.:'1 )3 ',():4+02,0
B2&+-
Allah says: *o =ght9 >E
1uhammad?9 in the cause of AllahO
you are not held res#onsi%le e5ce#t
for yourself. And encourage the
%elievers >to .oin you? that #erha#s
Allah will restrain the might of
those who dis%elieve. And Allah is
greater in might and stronger in
#unishment 7al <isa &48
Allah says: E "ro#het9 urge the
%elievers to %attle. )f there are
among you twenty steadfast9 they
will overcome two hundred. And if
there are among you one hundred
steadfast9 they will overcome a
thousand of those who have
dis%elieved %ecause they are
#eo#le who do not understand 7al
Anfal !58
3(. Ke will end this cha#ter with
the famous story of Imm
)%rahim. This story was
mentioned %y scholars li+e A%u
3aafar al Lu%an. 2e narrates:
)t is mentioned that one of the
righteous women in -asra was
Imm )%rahim al 2ashimeeyah.
The enemy attac+ed one of the
1uslim towns so #eo#le were
encouraged to .oin .ihad.
A%dulKahid %in Payd al -asri
delivered a s#eech
encouraging .ihad and among
the audience was Imm
)%rahim. Among the things
A%dulKahid tal+ed a%out was
al 2oor 7the women of
"aradise8. Imm )%rahim stood
u# and said to A%dulKahid:
Gou +now my son )%rahim and
you +now that the no%ility of al
-asra wish to have him marry
one of their daughters and )
have not agreed to one of them
yet. -ut ) li+e this girl you
descri%ed and ) would %e ha##y
to marry her to my son. Aan
you #lease descri%e her againM
A%dulKahid then narrated a
#oem in the descri#tion of the
2oor. Imm )%rahim said: ) want
my son to marry this girl and )
would #ay you 109000 dinars as
her dowry and you ta+e him
with you in this army. 2e might
die as a *haheed and intercede
for me on the 'ay of 3udgment.
A%dulKahid said: G)f you do so9
that is great success for you
and your son.H *he then called
her son from the audience. 2e
stood u# and said: Ges my
motherNH *he said: GAre you
#leased to marry this girl with
the condition of giving your
soul to AllahMH 2e said: GesN )
am very #leasedNH *he said: GE
Allah you are my witness that )
have married my son to this
girl from "aradise with the
condition he s#ends his soul in
your sa+eH Then she went and
%rought %ac+ with her 109000
dinars and gave it to
A%dulKahid and said: GThis is
her dowry. Ta+e it and use it to
#rovide for the mu.ahideenH
*he then #urchased for her son
a good horse and she armed
him. Khen the army started its
march )%rahim came out with
the reciters of Furan
surrounding him and reciting:
G)ndeed9 Allah has #urchased
from the %elievers their lives
and their #ro#erties >in
e5change? for that they will
have "aradise.H
Khen Imm )%rahim was
greeting her son she told him:
G-e careful and don4t allow any
shortcomings from yourself to
%e seen %y AllahH *he them
em%raced him and +issed him
1(
and said: G1ay Allah never
%ring us together e5ce#t on the
'ay of 3udgmentNH
A%dulKahid said: GKhen we
reached the enemy4s territory
and #eo#le were called to =ght.
)%rahim was in the front and he
+illed many of the enemy %ut
then they overwhelmed him
and +illed him. En our way
%ac+ ) told my soldiers not to
tell Imm )%rahim that her son
was +illed until ) tell her. Khen
we entered al -asra she met
me and said: G'id Allah acce#t
my gift so ) can cele%rate or
was it re.ected so ) should cryMH
) said: GAllah did acce#t your
gift and your son died as a
*haheedH *he then #rostrated
to than+ Allah and said: GThan+
you Allah for acce#ting my giftH
The following day she came to
me in the mos6ue and said:
G/e.oiceNH ) said: GKhat good
news do you haveMH *he said:
G) saw my son )%rahim last
night in a dream. 2e was in a
%eautiful garden dressed in
green clothes9 sitting on a
throne made of #earl and he
had a crown on his head. 2e
told me: G/e.oice my motherN )
got married to my %rideNH
T&' =24.:' )3 4+(2,0 .);+4-1
B2&+-
Allah says: And the forerunners9
the forerunners. Those are the
ones %rought close to Allah 7al
Ka6i4ah 10,118
Ithman %in A%i *awdah said we
where told that the forerunners
mentioned in the verses are the
=rst to go out on .ihad and the =rst
to go to *alah. 7)%n A%i *hay%ah
7authentic88
40. Ithman is one of the )mams of
the Ta%i4een and one of their
=ghters. 2e was as+ed: Are you
going out to =ght this yearM 2e
said: es9 ) wouldn4t want to
miss =ghting even if ) were to
ma+e 1009000 dinars
41. Al 2assan %in A%i al 2assan
said that the 1essenger of
Allah sent an army and among
them was 1uadh %in 3a%al. 2e
was late in going out with the
army so the 1essenger of Allah
saw him and said: G ) see that
your com#any are one month
ahead of you in "aradiseNH
1uadh said: G E 1essenger of
Allah ) only stayed %ehind in
order to catch the #rayer with
you and so that you can ma+e
dua for me in order to ma+e me
ahead of my com#any in
rewardsNH The 1essenger of
Allah said: G<o9 they are ahead
of you. Lo and catch u# with
themH Then he said: G A
.ourney in the morning in the
cause of Allah is %etter than
the world and everything on it9
and a .ourney at the end of the
day in the cause of Allah is
%etter than the world and
everything on itH 7al *unan8
42. Anas %in 1ali+ narrated: The
1essenger of Allah said: GA
.ourney in the early morning in
the cause of Allah is %etter
than the world and everything
on it9 and a .ourney at the end
of the day in the cause of Allah
is %etter than the world and
everything on itH 7-u+hari8
Al <awawi: The hadith does not
restrict reward to the %eginning or
end of the day. )t is .ust to #oint out
that %y s#ending a very little time
in the cause of Allah carries a very
great reward
>/emem%er that statements li+e:
Gin the cause of AllahH9 Gin the #ath
of AllahH9 or Gin the sa+e of AllahH
are all translations of the clause: G=
sa%eel illahH in Ara%ic which9 as
mentioned in the %eginning of the
%oo+9 means .ihad.?
1essenger of Allah said9
GKhoever goes out in his cause
with no #ur#ose %ut to =ght in
his sa+e and %elieving in 2im
and 2is 1essengers9 Allah will
guarantee for him to either
return him home with rewards
or %ooty. )n the name of whom
1uhammad4s soul is in 2is
hand9 whoever is in.ured in the
#ath of Allah9 the in.ury would
come on the 'ay of 3udgment
as it was in this world9 the color
is that of %lood and the smell is
that of mus+.
)n the name of whom
hand9 if it wasn4t for ma+ing
things diJcult on 1uslims )
wouldn4t have stayed %ehind
any army leaving in the #ath of
Allah. -ut ) am una%le to =nd
sustenance for the 1uslims
who stay %ehind and they have
nothing and it is diJcult for
them for me to leave them.
)n the name of whom
hand9 ) wish ) could =ght in the
cause of Allah and then %e
+illed and then =ght and then
%e +illed and then =ght and
then %e +illedH 71uslim8
44. A%dullah %in 1uhaireeB
narrates that his father was
sent in the army of the summer
and he %ecame e5tremely ill.
2e said: GE my son carry me
into the land of the /omansH *o
) carried him and was still
ta+ing through the land when
he said: G 1y son9 go fastH )
said9 G0ather9 %ut you are illNH
2e said9H 1y son9 ) want my
death to meet me in the land of
the /omansH ) continued
carrying him until he died in
2ims.
The son said ) was worried how
would ) =nd anyone to #ray on
him .anaBah in the land of the
enemy. ) then saw ran+s of men
whom ) never saw %efore
#raying on my fatherN 7)%n
Asa+ir8
>Those men must have %een
angels sent %y Allah to #erform
#rayers on this righteous man?
45. *aad %in A%dulABiB said A%u
1uslim al Chawlani died in the
territory of the /omans during
the reign of 1u4awyah. 2e told
-isr %in Arta4ah 7a com#anion
who was the leader of their
army8: GA##oint me as the Amir
7leader8 over the dead and
hand me the %anner of war and
ma+e my grave the closest of
all the graves of the martyrs to
the enemy. ) want to %e
resurrected on the 'ay of
3udgment carrying the %anner
of war leading the martyrs. 7)%n
Asa+ir8
T&' =24.:'1 )3 .&' -:1. 2, .&'
9+.& )3 AAA+&
4!. The 1essenger of Allah of Allah
said: G Khoever has his feet
dirty in the #ath of Allah9 Allah
20
will save him from 2ell=reH
7-u+hari8
4$. A%u 'ardaa narrated: The
1essenger of Allah said: GAllah
will not com%ine in the lungs of
2is servant the dust of the #ath
of Allah with the smo+e of
2ell=re9 and whoever gets his
feet dirty in the #ath of Allah9
Allah will +ee# him away from
2ell=re the distance of 1000
years travel for a fast horse9
and whoever is in.ured in the
#ath of Allah will receive the
seal of martyrdom. The in.ury
comes on the 'ay of 3udgment
with the color of sa@ron and
the smell of mus+. )t is a sign
that would %e recogniBed %y
the all the creation9 the
%eginning and the end. They
will say: G2e has the stam# of
martyrs.H And whoever =ghts in
the #ath of Allah for a #eriod
e6uivalent to the time it ta+es
to mil+ a camel is guaranteed
"aradiseH 7Ahmad8
T&' =24.:'1 )3 42-2,0 .&' 1'+ 2,
B2&+-
4&. Anas %in 1ali+ narrated: The
1essenger of Allah would visit
Imm 2araam %int 1alhaan and
she would feed him. Imm
2araam was the wife of
I%aadah %in al *aamit. Ene
day when he visited her9 after
she fed him she sat down to
com% his hair. The 1essenger
of Allah fell aslee#. 2e then
wo+e u# laughing. *he as+ed
him: GKhat is ma+ing you
laughMH 2e said9 G) was
#resented with some of my
nation who were going out to
=ght in the cause of Allah
riding the sea li+e +ings on
thrones.H ) said E 1essenger of
Allah9 as+ Allah that ) %e one of
themN 2e #rayed for her and
then went to slee# again. 2e
wo+e u# again laughing. *he
said what ma+es you laughM 2e
said he saw another grou# and
descri%ed them as he did
%efore. *he said #ray to Allah
that ) am one of them. The
1essenger of Allah said: Gou
are with the =rst grou#H
ears later Imm 2araam
#artici#ated in an army
traveling through the sea.
Khen they reached ashore she
fell o@ her mount and diedH
7-u+hari8
4(. Imm 2araam heard the
1essenger of Allah say: GThe
=rst of my Immah to ride the
sea in the cause of Allah are
forgivenH Imm 2araam said9
GE 1essenger of Allah am )
among themH 2e said Ges you
areH 2e then said9 GThe =rst
army of my Immah to attac+
the city of Aaesar are forgivenH
*he said9 GAm ) among themMH
2e said9 G<oH 7-u+hari8
>This hadith is an indication of the
s#ecial honor of naval warfare and
=ghting the /omans.?
50. Caa% al Ah%ar said: GKhen a
man =rst sets his foot on the
shi# he leaves all his sins
%ehind him and %ecomes clean
li+e the day he was %orn. And
the one who su@ers
seasic+ness is li+e the in.ured
who is #ouring his %lood in the
#ath of Allah. And the one who
is #atient in the sea is li+e a
+ing with a crown on his head.
7*aeed %in 1ansoor in his
sunnan with an agreea%le
chain to Caa%8
51. 2ayy al 1a4a=ri said they were
sitting with A%dullah %in Amr
under the Ale5andria
lighthouse when the shi#s of
.ihad em%ar+ed on their
.ourney. A%dullah said: GE
1aslamah9 tell me where are
the sins of those #eo#leMH 2e
said: GThey are hanging on
their nec+sNH A%dullah said:
G<o there not. )n the name of
Allah whom my soul is in his
hands9 they left all there sins
on these %eaches9 with the
e5ce#tion of their de%tsH
52. A%dullah %in Amr said: GAllah
laughs at the mu.ahideen of
the sea many times. 2e laughs
at them when they =rst ride the
shi# leaving their families and
wealth %ehind. 2e laughs at
them when the shi# starts to
roc+ in the sea. And 2e laughs
at them when they =rst see the
shoreH 7)%n A%i *hay%ah
71aw6oof88
>)t is mentioned in hadith that if
Allah laughs at someone that
#erson will never %e #unished
in 2ell=re?
The author of al 1ughni and others
from the school of )mam Ahmad
state that the e5#editions of the
sea are greater in reward than
those of land since it is more
diJcult and dangerous.
)n my o#inion there should %e no
di@erence of o#inion in that due to
the aforementioned hadiths that
state the great status of .ihad in
the sea. )t should %e stated
however that one should not ride
the sea when it is so dangerous
that the li+elihood of survival is
very slim.
T&' =24.:'1 )3 &)41'1 +,-
5''92,0 .&'* 3)4 .&'
9:49)1' )3 B2&+-
Allah says: And #re#are against
them whatever you are a%le of
#ower and of steeds of war %y
which you may terrify the enemy of
Allah and your enemy and others
%esides them whom you do not
+now %ut whom Allah +nows. And
whatever you s#end in the cause of
Allah will %e fully re#aid to you9 and
you will not %e wronged. 7Al Anfal
!08
1essenger of Allah said:
GKhoever +ee#s a horse for the
sa+e of Allah9 %elieving in Allah
and 2is #romise9 then the
horse4s feeding9 drin+ing9
dro##ings9 and urine are going
to %e on his scale of good
deeds on the 'ay of
3udgment.H 7-u+hari8
T&' =24.:' )3 3'+4 2, .&' 9+.& )3
AAA+&
54. *alman said: G)f the heart of
the %eliever trem%les in the
#ath of Allah that would sha+e
down his sins .ust li+e the
sha+ing of a cluster of datesH
7)%n al 1u%ara+ : i%n A%u
*hay%ah : Ta%arani 71aw6oof88
55. A%dullah %in Amr %in al Aas
narrated: The 1essenger of
Allah said: GAny e5#edition that
=ghts in the #ath of Allah and
21
win or come %ac+ safe have
already received two thirds of
their rewards. Khile an army
that looses9 feels fear and is
hurt have their entire reward
reserved for themH 71uslim8
T&' =24.:'1 )3 1.+,-2,0 2, .&'
4+,51 ), .&' >+..A'/'A-
Allah says: )ndeed9 Allah loves
those who =ght in 2is cause in a
row as though they are a >single?
structure .oined =rmly. 7Al *a@ 48
5!. *ahl %in *aad al *a4idi
Allah said: GTwo moments9
Allah o#ens in them the gates
of the heavens and when that
ha##ens hardly ever would a
#rayer %e re.ected: 'uring the
call to #rayer and when the
armies line u# their ran+sH
7A%u 'awud8
5$. )%n Imar said: GTo stand in the
ran+s facing the enemy even
without me stri+ing my sword9
throwing my s#ear9 or shooting
my arrows9 is %etter to me than
worshi#ing Allah for !0 years
and not committing any sinH 7Al
3ami8
5&. )mran %in 2aseen narrated: The
G*tanding in the ran+s of the
army in the %attle=eld is %etter
to Allah than the worshi# of
si5ty yearsH 7Al 2a+im
7authentic according to al
-u+hari rules and agreed %y al
Thaha%i88
5(. aBeed %in *ha.arah 7a
com#anion8 said: G) was told
that swords are +eys to
"aradiseH 7A%dul/aBa6 with an
authentic chain to aBeed8
!0. A%dullah %in Amr said: *hall )
tell you a%out the %est martyr
on the 'ay of 3udgmentM That
is the one who stands in the
ran+s on the %attle=eld and
when they face the enemy he
does not turn left or right.
/ather he carries his sword and
says: GE AllahN Today ) hand
over to you my soul to ma+e u#
for my #ast daysNH and then he
is +illed. That #erson is among
the martyrs who now lay down
in the high rooms of "aradise
wherever they wishNH 7)%n al
1u%ara+8
A (&+9.'4 ), .&' 3+4';'AA )3
.&' /0&.'41
!1. A%u -a+r al *iddee6 escorted
an army and wal+ed with them
and then said: G"raise %e to
Allah for having dust on our
feet in his cause.H A man said:
G-ut we .ust escorted them and
gave them farewellMH A%u -a+r
said: GKe #re#ared them9 gave
them farewell and made
#rayers for themH 7al 1ussanaf
%y i%n A%i *hay%ah : al *unnan
al +u%ra %y al -ayha6i8
CHAPTER @ THE "IRTUES OF
SPENDIN! IN THE CAUSE
OF ALLAH
Allah says: Kho is it that would
loan Allah a goodly loan so 2e may
multi#ly it for him many times
overM And it is Allah who withholds
and grants in a%undance9 and to
2im you will %e returned 7al
-a6arah 2458
Allah says: The e5am#le of those
who s#end their wealth in the way
of Allah is li+e a seed which grows
seven s#i+esO in each s#i+e is a
hundred grains. And Allah
multi#lies for whom 2e wills. And
Allah is all,;ncom#assing and
Cnowing 7al -a6arah 2!18
!2. The 1essenger of Allah #rayed
to Allah to give his Immah
more. Allah revealed: GKho is it
that would loan Allah a goodly
loan so 2e may multi#ly it for
him many times overMH The
1essenger of Allah as+ed for
more. Allah revealed: G)ndeed9
the #atient will %e given their
reward without account >i.e.
limit? 7al -ayha6i8
!3. The 1essenger of Allah said:
GKhoever s#ends in the #ath of
Allah9 it would %e multi#lied for
them $00 timesH 7Tirmithi :
<asa4i : i%n 2a%%aan : al :
2a+im : Ahmad 7authentic88
!4. A man came to the 1essenger
of Allah with a camel in the
cause of Allah. The 1essenger
of Allah said: Gou will %e given
on the 'ay of 3udgment $00
camelsH 71uslim : al 2a+im8
!5. A%u 2urairah narrated: The
GKhoever s#ends a #air in the
cause of Allah would %e called
on the 'ay of 3udgment to
enter into "aradise. The #eo#le
of #rayer will %e called from the
gate of #rayer9 the #eo#le of
.ihad would %e called from the
gate of .ihad9 the #eo#le of
sada6ah would %e called from
the gate of sada6ah9 and the
#eo#le of fasting would %e
called from the gate of
/ayaan.H A%u -a+r said9
GKould there %e anyone who
would %e called from all of
those gatesMH The 1essenger
of Allah said9 Ges9 and you are
one of themH 7Ahmad : -u+hari
: 1uslim : <asa4)8
!!. *asa4ah %in 1u4awyah said )
went to A%u 'harr4s house and
didn4t =nd him. ) then met him
coming %ac+ with a camel with
water on its %ac+ for his house.
) as+ed him: GAre you A%u
'harrMH 2e said: GThat4s what
my family call meH ) said9 GAan
you narrate to me something
you heard from the 1essenger
of Allah9 may Allah %ene=t me
with itMH 2e said9 GThe
Khoever s#ends a #air in the
cause of Allah will have the
gate+ee#ers of "aradise
rushing towards him on the
'ay of 3udgment com#eting on
who would %e the one to invite
himH ) said9 GKhat is a #airMH
2e said9 GA #air of horses or a
#air of camelsH 7al 2a+im :
Ahmad : <asa4)8
!$. Thaw%an narrated: The
%est dinar you could s#end is
the one you s#end to feed your
family9 the dinar you s#end on
your mount in the cause of
Allah9 and the dinar you s#end
on your com#anions in the
cause of AllahH 71uslim8
!&. Khen the 1essenger of Allah
was e5horting the saha%ah to
donate for the #re#aration of
the %attle of Ta%oo+9 Ithman
22
%in A@aan came to the
1essenger of Allah carrying a
thousand dinars 7gold coins8
and he #oured it on the la# of
the 1essenger of Allah. The
1essenger of Allah was tossing
the coins and turning them
while he +e#t on saying again
and again: GKhatever Ithman
does after this day won4t harm
himNH 7Ahmad : Tirmithi8
!(. The 1essenger of Allah said: G
E Allah %e #leased with
Ithman %ecause ) am #leased
with himH 7)%n 2ishaam8
$0. 1uhi%aldeen al Ta%ari said:
Ithman =rst came with 300
camels full with their saddles9
then he came in with 1000 gold
dinars9 then when he saw that
the army is still short he
%rought in horses and camels
u# to a total of a 1000. Khen
that wasn4t enough he sent in
109000 dinars and 20 horses.

T&' 9:,21&*',. )3 ;2.&&)A-2,0
;'+A.& 34)* >'2,0 19',.
2, .&' 9+.& )3 AAA+&
Allah says: And s#end in the way of
Allah and do not throw yourselves
with your own hands into
destruction. And do goodO )ndeed9
Allah loves the doers of good 7al
-a6arah 1(58
$1. 2uthaifah said the meaning of
the ayah is that when #eo#le
do not s#end their wealth in
the #ath of Allah they are
throwing themselves into
destruction. 7-u+hari8
)%n A%i 2atim in his tafseer says
that this is the o#inion of: )%n
A%%aas9 )+rimah9 al 2assan9
1u.ahid9 Atta9 *aeed %in 3u%air9 A%i
*aleh9 al 'haha+9 al *uddi9 1u6atil
%in 2ayaan9 Fatadah9 and others.
Al Furtu%i states in his tafseer that
2uthaifah9 i%n A%%as9 Atta9 )+rimah9
1u.ahid and others say that you
shouldn4t refrain from s#ending in
the cause of Allah for fear of
#overty. This is also the o#inion of
-u+hari and he didn4t mention any
other o#inion.
Allah says: Rand those who hoard
gold and silver and s#end it not in
the way of Allah : give them tidings
of a #ainful #unishment.
The 'ay when it will %e heated in
the =re of 2ell and seared
therewith will %e their foreheads9
and Dan+s9 their %ac+s9 GThat is
what you hoarded for yourselves9
so taste what you used to hoard 7al
Taw%a 34,358
Allah says: 2ere you are, those
invited to s#end in the cause of
Allah : %ut among you are those
who withhold. And whoever
withholds only withholds from
himselfO and Allah is the 0ree of
need9 while you are the needy. And
if you turn away9 2e will re#lace
you with another #eo#leO then they
will not %e the li+es of you.
71uhammad 3&8
Allah says: And why do you not
s#end in the cause of Allah while to
Allah %elongs the heritage of the
heavens and the earthM 7Al 2adeed
108
$2. Asslam A%i )mran said we were
in an army heading from
1adina towards
Aonstantino#le. The head of
the army was A%dul/ahman %in
Chalid %in al Kaleed. The
/omans had their %ac+s facing
the gates of the city. A man
from among us rushed alone
towards the enemy. *ome
#eo#le said: GThere is no Lod
%ut AllahN 2e is throwing
himself into destructionNH A%u
Ayu% al Ansari 7a com#anion8
said: GThis verse was revealed
s#ea+ing a%out us the Ansar.
Khen Allah gave 2is
1essenger victory and )slam
#revailed9 we said let4s go %ac+
to our %usinesses and ta+e care
of it. Allah then revealed the
verse GAnd s#end in the way of
Allah and do not throw
yourselves with your own
hands into destruction. And do
goodO )ndeed9 Allah loves the
doers of goodH
*o throwing our selves into
destruction meant going %ac+
to our farms and %usinesses
and leaving .ihadH
A%u )mran said: A%u Ayu%
remained in .ihad until he was
%uried in Aonstantino#le.H 7A%u
'awud : Tirmithi : al 2a+im8
$3. Al Fasim %in 1u+hamarah
7ta%i4ee8 said: destruction is
withholding s#ending in the
cause of Allah %ut if a man
alone attac+s ten thousand
strong of the enemy that is =ne
and Allah +nows %est. 7al
*unan al Cu%ra : al Ta%ari in
tafseer8
*haytaan may tell you that since
you might die why not leave your
wealth %ehind for your family. This
thought is only acce#ted %y one
who has little trust in Allah. )t
shows the e5istence of dou%ts in
Allah4s a%ility to #rovide. -ecause if
you %elieve that you are nothing
%ut a middleman %etween Allah
and your family and that in reality
it is not you who is #roviding for
them9 then you would not worry for
your family after you die.
$4. A%u 'harr said the 1essenger
of Allah saw me entering and
he was sitting under the shade
of al Ca%ah. Khen he saw me
he said: G)n the name of the
Lord of al Caa%ah9 they are the
great losersNH ) couldn4t hel#
%ut go to him and as+ him
whom they wereM 2e said: GThe
wealthy. ;5ce#t for those who
s#end it li+e thisH and he
waved his hand left9 right and
%ehind. Then he said: GAnd few
are theyNH 71uslim : -u+hari8
T&' =24.:'1 )3 94)=2-2,0 3)4 .&'
/0&.'41 2, AAA+&%1 9+.&
+,- .+52,0 (+4' )3 .&'24
3+*2A2'1
$5. A%u *aeed al Chudri said the
1essenger of Allah sent an
army to -ani Lahyan. 2e said
from every two men one goes
out. Then 2e told the ones
staying %ehind: GKhoever of
you ta+es care of his %rother4s
family until he comes %ac+
would receive half the reward
of those who went outH
71uslim8
$!. The 1essenger of Allah said:
GKhoever #rovides for a =ghter
in the cause of Allah has
actually fought9 and whoever
ta+es care of the family of a
=ghter has actually foughtH
7-u+hari : 1uslim8
23
$$. )%n 1asood said: G0or me to
e6ui# a =ghter with a whi# is
%etter to me than ma+ing ha..H
7)%n al 1u%ara+ : i%n A%i
*hay%ah8
$&. Iday %in 2atem as+ed the
1essenger of Allah a%out the
%est sada6ah. The 1essenger
of Allah said: G*erving your
com#anions in the #ath of
AllahH 2e said and then whatM
The 1essenger of Allah said:
G-uilding a structure that would
#rovide them with shadeH 2e
said and then whatM The
saddle for a horse in the #ath
of AllahH 7*unnan *aeed %in
1ansoor8
$(. Aamir %in Fays 7ta%i4i8 used to
#artici#ate in .ihad against the
/omans. 2e had a mule9 which
he would share with al
1uha.ireen. Khen he is a%out
to .oin an army he would go
around glancing at the faces of
#eo#le studying them. )f he
sees a grou# of men who would
suit him he would wal+ u# to
them and say: G) would li+e to
.oin you %ut ) have three
conditionsH They would say:
GKhat are theyH 2e would say:
G18 That ) %ecome your servant
and ) don4t want anyone
com#eting with me in that. 28 )
%ecome the one who calls the
Adhan among you and ) don4t
want anyone to com#ete with
me in that. 38 ) cover your
e5#enses according to my
a%ility.H )f they agree he would
.oin them. )f they ever com#ete
with him he would de#art them
and move on to =nd another
grou#. 7)%n al 1u%ara+8
The early 1uslims if they go out in
armies they would strive to serve
others and to ma+e their com#any
ha##y. They would #refer others to
themselves. They would do all that
for the sa+e of Allah and to gain 2is
#leasure.
CHAPTER 4 THE "IRTUES OF
RIBAAT
E
(THE STATIONIN!)
AND THE "IRTUES OF THE
ONE $HO DIES IN RIBAAT
Allah says:Rthen +ill the ones who
associate with Allah other gods
wherever you =nd them9 and
ca#ture them and %esiege them
and sit and wait for them at every
#lace of am%ush 7al Taw%ah 58
Allah says: E you who have
%elieved9 #ersevere and endure
and remain stationed and fear
Allah that you may %e successful
7aal )mran 2008
Al 2assan said the meaning of
G#ersevere and endureH in the
verse is that the 1uslims were
commanded to outdo the
non%elievers in endurance and
steadfastness until the
non%elievers end u# giving u# their
religion.
)%n 3areer:
1uhammad %in Caa% al Furadhi
used to say a%out this verse: -e
stationed in the cause of Allah until
he 7the non%eliever8 leaves his
religion for yours.
&0. The 1essenger of Allah said: G
-eing stationed for a day in the
cause of Allah is %etter than
the world and everything on itH
7-u+hari8
&1. *alman al 0arisi said: The
1essenger of Allah said: G-eing
stationed in the #ath of Allah
for a day is greater than fasting
the days of a month and
#raying its nights. And if he
dies the rewards of the deeds
he used to do would continue
and his #rovisions would
continue and he would %e
s#ared the trial of the angels of
the graveH 71uslim8
&2. The 1essenger of Allah said: G
;very dead #erson would have
his deeds sealed9 e5ce#t the
one stationed in the #ath of
Allah9 for they would have their
deeds grow until the 'ay of
3udgment9 and they would %e
/
-ibaat: %s the stationin) in a land borderin) the
enemy for the purpose of jihad. 0he land of
-ibaat is a land that is under threat of attac( by
the enemies of %slam. 0he one who is stationed in
-ibaat is called a Murabit.
s#ared the tri%ulation of the
angels of the graveH 7A%u
'awud : al 2a+im8
Al Furtu%i states: This means
that /i%aat #rovides the
greatest reward of all after
death. The 1essenger of Allah
says: G)f the son of Adam dies9
his deeds would terminate
e5ce#t for a charity that he
leaves %ehind9 +nowledge that
%ene=ts9 or a righteous son
who would #ray for himH
71uslim8 Aharity9 +nowledge9
and a righteous son would all
end one day. )t would end when
the charity runs out9 when the
+nowledge is left and when his
son dies. -ut the rewards of the
one stationed in the #ath of
Allah continue until the 'ay of
3udgment. That is %ecause all
good deeds cannot %e
#racticed e5ce#t when safety
from the enemy is #rovided
and that is done %y the
mu.ahideen who are stationed
and guarding the Immah.
&3. Ithman stood on the #ul#it and
said: G) heard from the
1essenger of Allah a hadith
that ) didn4t tell you a%out
#reviously %ecause ) feared you
would all leave from 1adinah. )
heard him say: -eing stationed
in the #ath of Allah for a day is
%etter than a 1000 days
anywhere else. *o let everyone
choose what they li+eH
71ussanaf i%n A%i *hay%ah : al
Tirmithi : al <asa4)8
The hadith of Ithman is a clear
evidence that %eing stationed in
the #ath of Allah for a day in the
land of war is %etter than s#ending
a thousand days in any other #lace
including 1a++ah9 1adina9 and
3erusalem. That is why Ithman
didn4t tell them the hadith %efore.
)t was %ecause he was worried they
would all leave him.
There are *aha%a and Ta%i4een
whose num%ers only Allah can
count who left 1a++ah and
1adinah and headed to the coasts
of al *ham %eing stationed their
until they either died as a shaheed
or died a natural death.
&4. Al 2arith %in 2isham 7the
%rother of A%u 3ahl8 was leaving
1a++ah to .ihad so the #eo#le
of 1a++ah mourned him.
24
1ultitudes of #eo#le followed
him out of 1a++ah until he
reached to al -adha4 with the
#eo#le around him crying.
Khen he saw that he himself
cried and then said: GE #eo#le9
) am not leaving you %ecause
you are not dear to me. <or am
) leaving this town %ecause )
#refer some other #lace. -ut
this a@air started 7)slam8 and
some men went out. They were
not among the most no%le of
us. Ke then wo+e u#9 %ut in the
name of Allah if the mountains
of 1a++ah turn into gold and
we s#end it in the cause of
Allah we won4t catch u# with
one day of their days. <ow if
they are ahead of us in this
world we are going to try to
catch them u# in the 2ereafter.
) am traveling to AllahH
2e went to al *ham. 2e then
dies as a *haheed in the %attle
of al armu+. 7)%n al 1u%ara+8
)%n Taymiyah said it is the
consensus of all the scholars that
for a man to s#end time stationed
in the #ath of Allah is %etter then
staying in 1a++ah9 1adinah9 or
3erusalem.
)%n al 1unthir conveyed that )mam
Ahmad was as+ed: Khich is more
%eloved to you: *taying in 1a++ah
or %eing stationed in the #ath of
AllahM 2e said: -eing stationed is
more %eloved to me.
)mam Ahmad also said: <othing is
e6uivalent in our view to =ghting
and stationing in the #ath of Allah.
A man as+ed )mam 1ali+: Khich do
you #refer: for me to stay in
1adinah or Ale5andriaM 2e said:
*tay in Ale5andria >Ale5andria was
a land of /i%aat %ecause of the
/oman attac+s from the sea?
Also the #rayer in /i%aat is
multi#lied. *o is fasting9
remem%rance Allah9 recitation of
Furan9 and s#ending of wealth in
the sa+e of Allah.
&5. Ithman said: GAllah has
instructed us to %ecome
1uslims and we did. *o we are
the 1uslims. 2e then ordered
us to ma+e hi.rah so we9 the
#eo#le of 1a++ah9 are the
1uha.ireen. 2e then told us to
=ght .ihad and you did. *o you9
the #eo#le of al *ham9 are the
mu.ahideen. *#ent money on
your self and your family and
the needy around you. *ince if
you go out with a single dirham
and %ought some meat with it
and you ate it you and your
family you will %e rewarded as
s#ending $00 dirhamsN 7The
history of the city of 'amascus8
The s#ending in al *ham is
multi#lied if it is during the era of
Ithman %ecause all of al *ham was
a land of /i%aat. )t was e5#ected
then that the enemy could descend
on any #art of it. -ut +now that
a##lies only to frontiers of it which
are #rone to attac+s %y the enemy.
&!. The 1essenger of Allah said:
GThere will %e #eo#le from my
nation who will #rotect the
%orders. They will ful=ll their
duty9 %ut they will not %e given
what is due to them. They are
from me and ) am from themH
7i%n al 1u%ara+ 7agreea%le88
&$. A%u 2urairah narrated: The
GAmong the %est livelihoods of
#eo#le is that of a man holding
the rein of his horse in the #ath
of Allah9 Dying on its %ac+
whenever he hears the call. 2e
Dies in search of +illing or %eing
+illed. And a man on to# of a
mountain #ea+ or on the
%ottom of a dee# valley9
esta%lishing #rayers9 #aying his
Ba+ah9 and worshi#ing his Lord
until death visits him. "eo#le
see nothing from him %ut
goodH 71uslim8
&&. Two men came to the
com#anion A%dullah %in al
2arith %in 3aB4i al Pa%eedi. 2e
said welcome and handed
them a #illow he was sitting on.
They said: GKe did not come
for this %ut we came for you to
tell us something that would
%ene=t us 7a hadith.8 2e said:
GKhoever does not treat his
guests with generosity does
not %elong to 1uhammad and
)%rahim. -lessed is he who
s#ends his night holding the
rein of his horse in the #ath of
Allah9 having a #iece of dry
%read and water as his
%rea+fast. And woe to those
who are feeding li+e cows9
saying: G*ervantN Ta+e this and
servantN -ring thatH All of that
and they are not even
remem%ering Allah.H 7)%n al
1u%ara+8
T&' 9'42)- )3 >'2,0 1.+.2),'-
)mam Ahmad was as+ed: )s there
any #eriod for %eing stationedM 2e
said9 G0orty daysH
&(. A%u 2urairah said: G0or me to
%e stationed for one night ne5t
to the sea and #rotecting the
1uslims %ehind me is %etter
than s#ending the night of al
Fadr in the mas.id of al Caa%ah
or the mas.id of the 1essenger
of Allah. And s#ending three
days in /i%aat is e6ual to a
whole year9 and the most
com#lete #eriod of /i%aat is
forty daysH 7A%dul/aBa68
(0. A man from al Ansar came to
Imar. Imar as+ed him: GKhere
were youMH 2e said: G) was in
/i%aatH Imar said: G0or how
longMH 2e said: GThirty daysH
Imar said: Gou should have
com#leted it fortyH
7A%dul/aBa68
(1. A%u 2urairah said: G)f you
s#ent three days in /i%aat then
let the worshi#ers worshi# as
they wishNH 7)%n A%i *hay%ah
7authentic88
>1eaning if you s#ends 3 days
in /i%aat no worshi#er could
catch u# with you no matter
what they do and no matter for
how long they do itN?
The commanded /i%aat is for a
#erson to station himself to a
vulnera%le land where the enemy is
e5#ected to attac+ 7the word
/i%aat comes from ra%at which is
to tie8. The 1ura%it does that with
intention of =ghting the enemy or
guarding the land or even to
increase the num%er of 1uslims in
that land. The more dangerous the
land is the more rewarding it
%ecomes whether it is a sea #ort or
otherwise.
)mam 1ali+ does not consider
/i%aat in 3eddah to %e /i%aat
%ecause the enemy only attac+ed it
once. )mam 1ali+ was also as+ed
his o#inion on the ones who live in
the land of /i%aat with there
families. 2e said they are not
considered 1ura%iteen. -ecause
25
the 1ura%it is the one who leaves
from his home with the intention of
/i%aat in a land of danger.
)t a##ears to me that the one who
are living in an area of /i%aat and
the only intention he has in staying
there is .ihad or guarding the land9
and this #erson has the a%ility to
move to another #lace without
diJculty9 my o#inion is that such a
#erson is a 1ura%it and would %e
rewarded accordingly even if he is
accom#anied %y his family. The
*aha%ah and the Ta%i4een used to
live in the land of /i%aat with their
families with the intention of
/i%aat.
1ay%e what )mam 1ali+ meant
was those who were %orn in the
land of /i%aat and %rought u# there
and they lived there %ecause it was
their homeland and the #lace
where their families lived and they
are not there for the #ur#ose of
/i%aat. This is also the o#inion of
i%n Atyah. 2e states that: GThe
ones who live in the land of /i%aat
%ecause it is their home and the
#lace of their wor+ are considered
#rotectors of the land %ut not
1ura%iteenH
*o the one who lives in the land of
/i%aat for a #ur#ose that does not
e5ist in other #laces9 or %ecause
his family insist on living there9 or
for the #ur#ose of wor+ is not a
1ura%it. Also9 if a #erson is in the
#lace of /i%aat and the danger of
the enemy ceases to e5ist and
nevertheless this #erson continues
to live in that #lace9 that is an
indication that the #ur#ose of such
a #erson is not .ihad and thus9 the
#erson does not 6ualify as a
1ura%it.
<ow if there is a #erson living in
the land of /i%aat and his intention
is that whenever the enemy
attac+s he would run away9 then
such a #erson is living in a state of
sin. -ecause the moment the
enemy attac+s it %ecomes a ma.or
sin to run away. *o such a #erson is
%etter o@ moving from the land of
/i%aat %ecause he is accumulating
sin all the time with such an
intention.
T&' =24.:'1 )3 0:+4-2,0 2, .&'
9+.& )3 AAA+&
A%u 2uraira narrated: The "ro#het
said9 G Let the slave of 'inar and
'irham9 of Fuantify and Chamisa
#erish as he is #leased if these
things are given to him9 and if not9
he is dis#leased. Let such a #erson
#erish and rela#se9 and if he is
#ierced with a thorn9 let him not
=nd anyone to ta+e it out for him.
"aradise is for him who holds the
reins of his horse to strive in Allah4s
Aause9 with his hair un+em#t and
feet covered with dust: if he is
a##ointed in the vanguard9 he is
#erfectly satis=ed with his #ost of
guarding9 and if he is a##ointed in
the rearward9 he acce#ts his #ost
with satisfactionO 7he is so sim#le
and unam%iguous that8 if he as+s
for #ermission he is not #ermitted9
and if he intercedes9 his
intercession is not acce#ted.H
7-u+hari8
(2. A%dullah %in Amr narrated: The
1essenger of Allah said: GTwo
eyes will not %e touched %y
2ell=re: An eye that cries from
the fear of Allah9 and an eye
that s#ent the night in a
guarding #ost in the #ath of
AllahH 7Tirmithi8
(3. A%u /ayhanah narrates: Ke
were with the 1essenger of
Allah in an e5#edition. 'uring
our travel we #assed over a
high #lace and we s#ent our
night in that location. The
weather was very cold so ) saw
some #eo#le digging for
themselves holes in the
ground. They would then crawl
into them and cover
themselves with their shields to
#rotect themselves from the
cold weather. Khen the
1essenger of Allah saw that he
said: GKho would %e our guard
tonight and ) would #ray for
himMH An Ansari ste##ed
forward and said: G) would E
1essenger of Allah9H The
1essenger of Allah told him to
come close to him and then he
as+ed his name. After the man
re#lied the 1essenger of Allah
made a long #rayer for him.
Khen ) heard the #rayer of the
1essenger of Allah ) went to
him and said ) can also %e a
guard. The 1essenger of Allah
told me to come close and then
he as+ed me who ) was. ) said:
GA%u /ayhanahH 2e then made
a #rayer for me and it was
shorter than the earlier one.
Then he said: G2ell=re is
#rohi%ited from an eye that
cried from the fear of Allah.
And 2ell=re is #rohi%ited from
an eye that was awa+e
guarding in the #ath of AllahH
7Ahmad : al 1ussanaf : al
<asa4i : al 2a+im8
(4. 1a+hool narrates: GKhoever
s#ends the night guarding in
the #ath of Allah until the
morning would have all of his
sins fall awayH 71ussanaf i%n
A%u *hay%ah8
(5. *ahl %in al 2anthalyah said
they were with the 1essenger
of Allah the day of 2unain. Ke
wal+ed that entire day. A +night
and said: GE 1essenger of
Allah ) went ahead of you until )
reached so and so mountain
and ) found all of 2awaBin with
their woman9 camels and
shee# assem%ling at 2unain.H
The 1essenger of Allah smiled
and said: GThose will %e a
%ooty for the 1uslims tomorrow
insha AllahNH 2e then said:
GKho would %e our guard
tonightNH Anas %in 1arthad al
Lhanawi ste##ed forth and
said: G) would E 1essenger of
AllahNH The 1essenger of Allah
said: GThen rideH *o he
mounted his horse and came to
1essenger of Allah said: G0ace
this valley until you reach the
to# of it and don4t let us %e
am%ushed from your
direction.H Khen we #rayed our
morning #rayers the 1essenger
of Allah said: G'id you see your
+nightMH They said we didn4t.
The 1essenger of Allah +e#t on
loo+ing towards the valley in
his *alah. Khen he =nished his
#rayers he said: G/e.oiceN 2ere
comes your +nightNH Ke
continued loo+ing through the
trees in the valley until the
+night a##eared and he came
and stood in front of the
1essenger of Allah. 2e said: G)
went until ) reached the to# of
the valley9 where the
1essenger of Allah told me to
%e9 until the morning and )
didn4t s#ot anyoneH The
1essenger of Allah said: G'id
you leave your #ostMH 2e said:
G<o9 e5ce#t to #ray or res#ond
to the call of natureH The
2!
Gou4ve guaranteed yourself
"aradise and There is no harm
on you even you don4t do any
good after this dayNH 7A%u
'awud : 1usnad A%u Iwanah :
al 2a+im 7authenticated it and
al Thaha%i agreed88
(!. )%n Imar narrated: The
G*houldn4t ) tell you a%out a
night that is %etter than the
night of al Fadr 7the <ight of
"ower8M A guard who is
guarding in a land of fear
7danger8 not +nowing whether
he would return to his family or
notH 7Al 1ussanaf : al *unnan
al Cu%ra %y al -ayha6i : al
2a+im 7authentic and agreed
%y al Thaha%i88
2$
CHAPTER D THE RULES AND
"IRTUES OF TAR!ET
SHOOTIN!
T&' =24.:'1 )3 .+40'. 1&)).2,0
>All this would a##ly to modern
forms of wea#onry?
#ower 7al Anfal !08
($. I6%ah %in Aamir narrated: )
heard the 1essenger of Allah
on the #ul#it say: G GAnd
#re#are against them whatever
you are a%le of #owerH and
#ower is the a%ility to shoot9
#ower is the a%ility to shoot9
#ower is the a%ility to shootH
71uslim8
(&. Chalid %in Paid said ) used to
%e good at archery and I6%ah
would go out target shooting
with me. Ene day ) was
reluctant to go out so he told
me: GE Chalid9 let me tell you
what ) heard the 1essenger of
Allah say. 2e said: GAllah
admits three #eo#le into
"aradise %ecause of one arrow.
The one who ma+es it9 doing so
with the intention of good9 the
one who shoots it and the one
who hands it over to the archer.
*o go out and train in archery
and in horse%ac+ riding. And )
#refer you train in archery.
;ntertainment is a##ro#riate in
only three forms: Training your
horse9 #laying with your wife9
and archery. And whoever
learns archery and then
a%andons it has re.ected a
%lessing from AllahH 7al
1ussanaf : 1usnad A%i Awnah
: A%u 'awud : al 2a+im
7Thaha%i agreed88
((. *alamah %in al A+wa said: The
1essenger of Allah #assed ne5t
to %oys #laying a game of
archery. 2e said: G*hoot
children of )smael9 your father
was great archer. *hoot and )
will .oin so and soH and he
.oined one of the teams. The
1essenger of Allah then said:
GKhy did you sto#MH They said:
G2ow can we do so when you
are with themMH 2e said: GLo
ahead and shoot9 ) am with all
of youNH 7-u+hari8
100. I6%ah said: ) heard the
1essenger of Allah say: Gou
will con6uer many lands and
you will %e safe and secure. )f
that ha##ens don4t fail to #lay
with your arrowsNH 71uslim8
>)n other words even if the
1uslims are safe from war they
should still not neglect military
training?
101. Ata %in /a%ah said: ) saw
3a%ir %in A%dullah and 3a%ir %in
Imair al Ansari target shooting
while one of them got %ored
and sat down. The other told
him: ) heard the 1essenger of
Allah say: G;verything that is
not remem%rance of Allah is in
vain e5ce#t four things: our
wal+ing %etween your targets9
training your horse9 #laying
with your wife9 and swimming
#racticeH 7<asa4i : Ta%arani8
The scholars have stated that it is
recommended to target shoot
%etween two targets on o##osite
sides. *o you stand ne5t to one and
shoot at the other and then wal+
towards the other one9 #ic+ u# the
arrows and then shoot at the =rst
one.
The author of al 1ughni stated that
it is *unnah to shoot at two
o##osite facing targets since this
was how the *aha%ah used to
#ractice. )t is narrated that the
1essenger of Allah said: G-etween
the two targets is a garden of
"aradiseH
102. A%u Ithman al <ahdi said:
Ke received a letter from Imar
when we were with It%ah %in
0ar6ad in ABer%ai.an. 2e said:
GRKear the dress of your
father )smael and %eware of
lu5ury and the clothes of the
non 1uslims. *#end time under
the sun since it is the %ath of
the Ara%s. -e rough9 %e coarse9
and %e #re#ared. *ometimes
wal+ %arefoot9 and .um# over
horse%ac+s rather than clim%
them. *hoot targets and wal+
%etween themH 7Al *unnan al
Cu%ra %y al -ayha6i with an
acce#ta%le chain8
103. Amr %in A%sah said we
were laying siege to al Taif and
) heard the 1essenger of Allah
say: GKhoever shoots an arrow
in the sa+e of Allah will %e
rewarded li+e one who has
freed a slaveH Amr said ) shot
1! arrows on that day. 7Al
<asa4i : al 2a+im : Tirmithi :
A%u 'awud8
104. Caa% %in 1urrah said :)
say: GKhoever reaches with his
arrow a target among the
enemy9 Allah will raise him one
level in "aradiseH A%dullah %in
al <aham said: GAnd what is a
level li+eMH The 1essenger of
Allah said: G'on4t thin+ that a
level is li+e the doorste# of
your mothers house. The
distance %etween two levels is
a hundred yearsH 7Al 1u.ta%a
7authentic according to the
rules of 1uslim88
105. Amr %in A%sah said: The
GKhoever shoots an arrow9
regardless of whether it
reaches the enemy or not9
would %e li+e the one who frees
a 1uslim slave9 and that would
free him from 2ell=reH 7Al
<asa4i with an authentic chain8
10!. A%u Imamah narrated: The
GKhoever grows a gray hair in
)slam9 it will %e light for him on
the 'ay of 3udgment9 and
whoever shoots an arrow in the
cause of Allah9 whether he hits
or misses9 will %e li+e the one
who frees a slave from the
descendents of )smailH 7Al
Ta%arani8
10$. It%ah %in A%d al *ulami
Allah told his com#anions:
G*tand u# and =ghtNH *o a man
stood u# and shot an arrow.
GThis man is granted "aradiseH
7Ahmad8
)n the #ast hadith of Amr %in A%sah
is evidence that shooting one arrow
in the #ath of Allah saves that
#erson from 2ell=re and Allah
+nows %est
10&. )%rahim al Tamimi narrates
from his father that he said: )
have seen 2uthaifah in 1ada4in
running %etween his two
targets with a %are to#. 7*aeed
%in 1ansoor 7authentic88
2&
>2uthaifah would run rather
than wal+ %etween the two
targets and would not wear
clothes on the u##er half of his
%ody as a training on hardshi#?
10(. 1u.ahid said: ) have seen
A%dullah %in Imar running
%etween his two targets and he
was saying how can ) achieve
itN 2ow can ) achieve itN 7*aeed
%in 1ansoor 7authentic88
G2ow can ) achieve itH refers to
martyrdom since that was their
as#iration. Although it could
#ossi%ly %e refering to the targets.
This shows you the attention the
com#anions gave to target
shooting. They used to cele%rate
target shooting and they were
active in it to the e5tent that one of
them would not even wal+ %etween
the two targets %ut would run in
order to train themselves. This was
their #ractice and they are the suns
and stars of guidance9 and the
+ings of this world and the ne5t.
Khat they did was the %est of
actions. )t is enough that Allah said
a%out them: G1uhammad is the
1essenger of AllahO and those with
him are forceful against the
dis%elievers9 merciful among
themselves. ou see them %owing
and #rostrating9 see+ing %ounty
from Allah and 2is #leasure. Their
mar+ is on their faces from the
traces of #rostrationH
Therefore the target shooter should
leave %ehind formalities while
#racticing and should %e laid %ac+
with their %rothers when in
#ractice. The intentions should %e
for Allah and see+ing 2is reward9
and should realiBe that what they
are doing is one of the greatest
acts of worshi# and not merely a
form of entertainment or s#ort.
They should than+ Allah for giving
them health and strength to
#ractice and should #raise Allah for
ma+ing it %eloved to them. )t is
acce#ta%le to laugh and #lay with
your %rothers while #racticing9 in
fact9 it is recommended since it
ma+es target shooting dearer to
you. -ilal %in *aad said: G) have
seen men who would run %etween
their targets and .o+e with each
other9 %ut when night arrives they
would %e mon+sH -ilal was one of
them. 2e was one of the great
scholars of al Ta%i4een and one of
their worshi#ers. 2e was among
the ones who would #ray a
thousand ra+ahs #er night.
*hams al 'een %in al 3awBiah
stated in his %oo+ GCnighthoodH
that )%n Taymiyah said: G)t is
narrated that some men where
target shooting when it was told to
the 1essenger of Allah: G)t is time
for #rayersH 2e said: GThey are in
#rayersH *o he considered that
their target shooting is e6uivalent
to #rayingH
R:A'1 )3 >'..2,0 ), 4+(2,0 +,-
.+40'. 1&)).2,0
>;ven though the rules regarding
horse%ac+ and camel racing might
not %e relevant to the reader9 ) am
mentioning them with the #ur#ose
of allowing the reader to see the
attention our #redecessors gave to
.ihad to the e5tent that even their
s#orts were geared towards that
goal. The so#histication of the rules
and their ela%orated details are a
witness to that fact. The translated
material is a%ridged?
Khen )4ve seen that some who
#ractice horse%ac+ racing and
target shooting are involved in
=nancial dealings that are
ina##ro#riate from a *haria
stand#oint9 ) decided to write a
%rief cha#ter on the rules that
govern racing and target shooting.
The =rst of our scholars to write an
entire %oo+ on the su%.ect is )mam
al *ha=4i and that4s why #eo#le of
our madha% are the most ela%orate
on the to#ic. Then come the
followers of )mam Ahmad since he
was a student of )mam al *ha=4i
and a follower of his *unnah in
that.
R+(2,0:
)t is the consensus of the scholars
of the Immah that com#etitions in
horse racing and target shooting
are not only allowed %ut are a
sunnah and the one who
#artici#ates in them would %e
rewarded as long as the intention is
#re#aration for .ihad.
R:A'1 )3 >'..2,0 ), &)41'>+(5
4+(2,0:
1. The race needs to involve an
animal that could %e used in
.ihad such as a horse or a
camel as is the consensus of
scholars and in mules9 don+eys
and ele#hants according to our
madha%.
2. The e5istence of a clear
starting and ending #oint.
Etherwise the race is invalid.
3. The entire amount of money or
at least most of it goes to the
winner.
4. )f the two racers themselves
contri%ute the money9 there
needs to %e a third #erson with
them. This third #erson would
get all the money if he wins %ut
if they win he gives them
nothing. The one who wins
among the two would get the
money contri%uted %y %oth.
5. There needs to %e a feasi%ility
that any one of the racers
could win. >1eaning it is not
im#ossi%le for one of them to
win due to a disadvantage9
otherwise the race is
considered unfair and %ecomes
invalid from a *haria #oint of
view?
!. The identi=cation and
agreement on the s#eci=c
horses 7or camels8 #artici#ating
#rior to the race.
$. The identi=cation and
agreement on the riders #rior
to the race.
&. The distance of the race needs
to %e #ossi%le to =nish.
A%dullah %in Imar said: The
1essenger of Allah had the
horses trained for racing run
from 2a=a to Thaniat al Kada.
Khile he had the untrained
horses race from Thaniat al
Kada to the 1as.id of -ani
Purai6 7The training of horses
for racing at that time involved9
among other things9 gradual
reduction of their diet for them
to %ecome slimmer and more
ca#a%le of running8. *ufyan
said the distance %etween
2a=a to Thaniat al Kada is 5 to
! miles and the distance
%etween Thaniat al Kada to
the 1as.id of -ani Purai6 is one
mile.
(. The agreement on the amount
of the %etting money.
10. The avoidance of conditions
that invalidate the contract.
R:A'1 )3 >'..2,0 ), .+40'.
1&)).2,0
2(
1. The e5istence of a third #erson
if %oth archers contri%ute the
money.
2. The similarity of the e6ui#ment
used. 0or e5am#les it is not
allowed for one #arty to use a
%ow and arrow while the other
is using a s#ear.
3. The target needs not %e
im#ossi%le to stri+e nor %e too
easy9 %ut should %e #ossi%le to
stri+e.
4. All of the following needs to %e
s#eci=ed %efore the
com#etition: The amount of
money contri%uted to the
%etting9 the num%er of shots to
%e =red9 the distance in which
to shoot from9 and the order in
which the #artici#ants would
shoot.
5. The s#eci=cation of the two
com#etitors #rior to the
com#etition.
!. The starting #osition needs to
%e s#eci=ed and it should %e
e6ual for %oth.
T&' ;+4,2,0 +0+2,1. ;&)'='4
A'+4,1 1&)).2,0 +,- .&',
-'1'4.1 2.
0a6eem al La+hmi told I6%ah %in
Amer: Gou are running %etween
these two targets and you are at
this old ageNH I6%ah said: G)f it
wasn4t for some words ) heard from
the 1essenger of Allah ) wouldn4t
have gone through thisH The
narrator as+ed what those words
were9 he said: GKhoever learns
target shooting and then a%andons
it is not one of us : or he said9 Ghas
committed a sinHG 71uslim8
*ome of the scholars are of the
o#inion that learning target
shooting and then a%andoning it is
one of the ma.or sins %ased on the
rule that whenever the 1essenger
of Allah say: G2e is not one of usH
or a statement similar to that9 it is
referring to a ma.or sin.
T&' =24.:'1 )3 1;)4-1
Allah says: And let them carry their
arms 7al <isaa 1038
#ower 7al Anfal !08
110. G) was sent right %efore the
=nal our with the sword until Allah
is worshi#ed with no associates9
and my #rovisions are under the
shade of my s#ear9 and humility is
the destiny of whoever goes
against me9 and whoever imitates
a #eo#le is one of themH 7Ahmad8
)%n al Fayyim: )mam Ahmad stated
that training with your s#ear in
#laces where .ihad is needed is
greater in reward than voluntary
*alah.
111. A%dullah %in A%i Awfa narrated
that the 1essenger of Allah was
waiting for an enemy to attac+ %ut
when the sun was setting he said:
G'on4t desire meeting the enemy
%ut when you do %e =rm9 and
realiBe that "aradise is %eneath the
shadow of swordsH 7-u+hari and
1uslim8
112. A%u -a+r %in A%i 1usa said )
heard my father say: G"aradise is
%eneath the shadow of swordsH A
man dressed in #oor clothes stood
u# and said: GE A%u 1usaN 'id you
hear that from the 1essenger of
AllahMH 2e said GyesH The man
went %ac+ to his com#anions and
gave them his salaams9 then he
drew out his sword9 %ro+e his
sheath and went on to =ght until he
he was +illedH 71uslim8
30
CHAPTER E THE "IRTUE OF
INJURY IN THE SAKE OF
ALLAH
GAnyone who is in.ured in the
#ath of Allah : and Allah +nows
who is in.ured in 2is sa+e : will
come on the 'ay of 3udgment
with his in.ury %leeding. The
color is that of %lood and the
smell is that of mus+NH 7-u+hari
: 1uslim8
)%n 'a6ee6 al ;id: The #resentation
of in.ury on the 'ay of 3udgment
indicates two things:
1. The in.ury is a witness for
the #erson.
2. )t is a %adge of honor for
the #erson in front of all
creation.
114. Ayisha said whenever A%u
-a+r would remem%er the day
of Ihud he would say: GThat is
a day that %elongs to Talhah
7he means Talhah %in
I%aidillah8. ) was the =rst to go
%ac+ to the 1essenger of Allah
%ut ) found a man =ghting with
him and ) said to myself: G-e
TalhahHG Intil he said: GTalhah
had around seventy in.uries in
his %ody and his hand was cut
o@H 7)%n 1u%ara+ : al 2a+im :
A%u <aeem in al 2ilyah : al
-aBBaar8
115. Irwah %in al Pu%air said:
GAl Pu%air had three scars from
sword wounds. Ene was on his
shoulder. )t was so large )
would stic+ my =ngers in it. Two
of them were from -adr and
one in the %attle of armu+H
11!. Anas %in 1ali+ said: A%u al
'iganah threw himself %ehind
the walls in amamah and his
leg %ro+e. 2e +e#t on =ghting
with a %ro+en leg until he was
+illed 7Alaam al <u%ala8
11$. 1uadh %in Amr %in al
3amooh said:) made A%u 3ahl
my target on the day of -adr.
Khen ) found him ) charged at
him and hit him with my sword
and cut his leg in two. Then his
son )+rimah hit me on my
shoulder until he cut o@ my
arm. )t only remained hanging
to my %ody %y the s+in of my
side. -ut %ecause =ghting
distracted me ) remained
dragging it %ehind me for most
of the day. 'ragging my arm
%ehind me annoyed me so )
#laced my foot over it and
#ulled it o@.
11&. 'uring the %attle of
amamah the =rst one to leave
the %attleground was A%u
A6eel 7one of the Ansar8. An
arrow that hit him %etween his
shoulder and his heart in.ured
him. 2e was then carried to the
cam#. Khen the %attle was
turning against the 1uslims he
heard 1a4an %in Adi calling the
Ansar to charge the enemy.
A%dullah %in Imar said: A%u
A6eel stood u#9 so ) as+ed him
GKhat do you want to doMH 2e
re#lied: GThey are calling my
name9H ) said: GThey are not
calling u#on the in.uredNH 2e
re#lied: GThey are calling u#on
the Ansar and ) am one of them
and ) will res#ond to the call
even if ) have to crawlH 2e then
#ut on his sword and went into
the %attle =eld and fought until
his left arm was cut o@ from
the shoulder. ) said: GA%u
A6eelH 2e res#onded with a
wea+ tongue: Ges9 who wonMH )
said: G/e.oice9 the enemy of
Allah was +illedH 2e raised his
=nger u#wards and #raised
Allah9 and then he died. ) told
my father Imar a%out that. 2e
said: G1ay Allah have mercy on
him. 2e #ersisted in search of
martyrdom until he got itH 7al
Ka6idi8
11(. *alim the servant of A%u
2uthaifah was told that if he
feared he wouldn4t %e ca#a%le
to carry the %anner during the
%attle it could %e transferred to
someone else. 2e res#onded:
G) am the worst carrier 7+nows
Furan %y heart8 of Furan if that
ha##enedNH 2is right hand was
cho##ed9 and then he carried
the %anner with his left hand.
2is left hand was latter cut so
he em%raced the %anner with
what was left of his %oth arms
reciting: G1uhammad is not %ut
a messenger9 other
messengers have #assed on
%efore him. *o if he were to die
or %e +illed9 would you turn
%ac+ on your heelsM And who
turns %ac+ on his heels will
never harm Allah at all9 %ut
Allah will reward the gratefulH
7aal )mran 1448 and GAnd how
many a #ro#het fought and
with him fought many religious
scholars. -ut they never lost
assurance due to what aQicted
them in the cause of Allah9 nor
did they wea+en or su%mit. And
Allah loves the steadfastH 7aal
)mran 14!8 Khen he was a%out
to die he as+ed his
com#anions: GKhat ha##ened
to A%u 2uthaifahMH They said:
G2e was +illedH 2e then as+ed
them a%out another #erson.
They res#onded that he also
was +illed. 2e said: GThen %ury
me %etween the two of themH
7)%n al 1u%ara+8
>As you can see9 the understanding
of the *aha%ah was that if you
were a #erson who memoriBed
Furan or were a scholar you must
%e steadfast and =rm on the
%attle=eld.?
120. Paid %in Tha%it said: En the
day of Ihud the 1essenger of
Allah sent me to loo+ for *aad
%in al /a%ee and if ) =nd him to
deliver the salaams of the
1essenger of Allah to him. )
found him among the %odies of
the dead #ronouncing his last
moments with around seventy
in.uries in his %ody. ) told him:
GThe 1essenger of Allah
delivers his salaams to youH 2e
said: Gsalaams to the
1essenger of Allah and
salaams to you. Tell the
1essenger of Allah that ) am
now smelling the scent of
"aradise9 and tell my #eo#le
the Ansar that you have no
e5cuse if the 1essenger of
Allah is harmed while there is
still an eye %lin+ing among
youH After that he died. 7Al
-ayha6i in al 'ala4el : al 2a+im
7authentic chain88
121. *aad narrated that he
#assed %y a man on the day of
the %attle of the %ridge with his
arms and legs cut o@ while he
was crawling and reciting: GAnd
whoever o%eys Allah and the
1essenger : those will %e with
the ones u#on whom Allah has
%estowed favor of the #ro#hets
and the steadfast aJrmers of
truth9 the martyrs and the
31
righteous. And e5cellent are
those as com#anionsH 7al <isa
!(8. *omeone as+ed him who
are youM 2e re#lied: G) am one
of the AnsarH 7)%n al 1u%ara+8
122. A%u al 2assan al 1uradi
narrated that Ali %in -a+ar said:
G)4ve seen a 1uslim in a %attle
against the /omans with his
intestines s#illed in front of him
over his saddle. 2e stuc+ them
%ac+ to his stomach and tied
around it his tur%an. 2e carried
on =ghting and ended u# +illed
over ten /oman soldiers %efore
falling deadNH
32
CHAPTER F THE "IRTUES OF
KILLIN! A NONGBELIE"ER
FOR THE SAKE OF ALLAH
Allah says: GR*o when you meet
those who dis%elieve >in %attle?9
stri+e >their? nec+sRH 71uhammad
48
non%eliever and the one who
+ills him will never %e .oined
together in 2ell=reH 71uslim8
>)n other words the 1uslim is so
rewarded for +illing the
non%eliever to the e5tent that
Allah will never dishonor the
1uslim %y .oining him with the
non%eliever in 2ell=re?
124. Anas %in 1ali+ heard his
%rother al -araa humming
#oetry so he told him: GE my
%rother you are humming
#oetryM Khat if this is the last
thing you s#ea+MH >Khen
Furan was revealed the
*aha%ah disli+ed reciting
anything %ut Furan. Anas was
warning his %rother and saying
that if you die this moment and
the last words you s#o+e were
lines of #oetry9 how would you
face AllahM )n another narration
he told him to rather remem%er
Allah? Al -araa said: G<oN A
man li+e me won4t die on his
%ed. )4ve +illed ninety nine of
the non%elievers and
hy#ocritesNH 71ussanaf i%n A%u
*hay%ah8
125. Imar wrote to his military
generals to never allow al
-araa to hold any #osition of
leadershi# in the 1uslim
armies. The reason: Imar said
he is too haBardous for the
1uslimsN 7Al 2a+im8
12!. 'uring the %attle against
the forces of 1usaylamah the
liar9 he sat on a shield and
as+ed the 1uslims to carry the
shield on their s#ears and
throw him over the walls of the
enemy in order to o#en the
gatesN 2e did o#en the gates
%ut after he received over &0
in.uries. 7al )sa%ah8
12$. Anas narrated that the
1essenger of Allah said: GThere
might %e a man with
disheveled hair9 dusty clothes9
whom no one gives attention
to9 %ut if he ma+es an oath
Allah will ful=ll for him. Ene of
them is al -araa %in 1ali+H
7Tirmithi : al 2a+im8
12&. En the day of the %attle of
Tastur the 1uslims as+ed al
-araa to ma+e an oath to give
them victory. Al -araa said: GE
AllahN ) ma+e an oath that you
hand us over their shoulders
7give us victory8 and to ma+e
me follow your #ro#het 7to
die8H 2e charged the enemy
and the 1uslims followed him.
The "ersians lost9 and al -araa
was martyred. Allah ful=lled his
oath.
12(. Anas narrated: Khen A%u
1usa was a##ointed governor
over al -asra he told al -araa
to choose any #osition of
leadershi# in his government
and he will %e a##ointed to it.
Al -araa said: G) don4t want
any. /ather ) want you to hand
me over my %ow9 horse9 s#ear9
sword9 and shield and then
sent me to .ihad. 2e sent him
in an army. Al -araa was the
=rst to dieH 7)%n A%u *hay%ah8
130. Anas narrated: The
1essenger of Allah said on the
day of the %attle of 2unain:
GKhoever +ills a non%eliever
can loot himH A%u Talhah +illed
on that day twenty of the
non%elievers and he looted
them all. 7A%u 'awud : al
2a+im8
33
CHAPTER 8 THE "IRTUE OF
AN INDI"IDUAL OR A
SMALL !ROUP IMMERSIN!
THEMSEL"ES $ITHIN A
LAR!E ARMY OF
NONBELIE"ERS IN SEARCH
OF MARTYRDOM AND
CAUSIN! DAMA!E TO THE
ENEMY
Allah says: -ut those who were
certain that they would meet Allah
said: G2ow many a small com#any
has overcome a large com#any %y
#ermission of Allah. And Allah is
with the #atient 7al -a6arah 24(8
Allah says: And of the #eo#le is he
who sells himself9 see+ing means
to the a##roval of Allah. And Allah
is Cind to >2is? servants. 7Al
-a6arah 20$8
131. 1udri+ %in Awf said: G) was
with Imar when he received a
messenger from al <uman %in
1a6ran. Imar as+ed him a%out
the condition of the soldiers.
The messenger +e#t on
mentioning to Imar some of
the well +nown #eo#le who
died and then he said9 Gand
others died whom ) don4t
+nowH Imar said9 G-ut Allah
+nows themH The messenger
said9 Gand men who sold
themselves to AllahH 1udra+
said9 GAmong those is my
uncle9 #eo#le claim he +illed
himself 7%y throwing himself
into the enemy4s army8H Imar
said: GKhoever claims that is a
liar. 2e is of those who sold this
world for the ne5tHG 7al
1ussanaf 7authentic chain88
132. A %attalion of non%elievers
came from the east and was
met %y a man from the Ansar.
2e charged against them alone
and #enetrated their ran+s
until he came out from the
other side of the %attalion.
Then he charged them from the
%ac+ and %ro+e their ran+s until
he came out from the front. 2e
re#eated that two or three
times. *aad %in 2isham
mentioned that to A%u
2urairah. A%u 2urairah recited:
GAnd of the #eo#le is he who
sells himself9 see+ing means to
the a##roval of Allah. And Allah
is Cind to >2is? servants.H 7Al
-a6arah 20$8 7Al 1ussanaf8
Asslam A%i )mran said we were in
an army heading from 1adina
heading towards Aonstantino#le.
The head of the army was
A%dul/ahman %in Chalid %in al
Kaleed. The /omans had their
%ac+s facing the gates of the city.
Ene among us rushed alone
towards them. *ome #eo#le said:
GThere is no Lod %ut Allah9 he is
throwing himself into destructionNH
A%u Ayu% al Ansari 7a com#anion8
said: GThis verse was revealed
s#ea+ing a%out us the Ansar. Khen
Allah gave 2is 1essenger victory
and )slam #revailed9 we said let4s
go %ac+ to our %usinesses and ta+e
care of it. Allah then revealed the
verse GAnd s#end in the way of
Allah and do not throw yourselves
with your own hands into
destruction. And do goodO )ndeed9
Allah loves the doers of goodH
*o throwing ourselves into
destruction meant going %ac+ to
our farms and %usinesses and
leaving .ihadH
A%u )mran said: A%u Ayu%
remained in .ihad until he was
%uried in Aonstantino#le.H 7A%u
'awud : Tirmithi : al 2a+im8
133. 1u.ahid said: The
1essenger of Allah sent only
two men: A%dullah %in 1asood
and Cha%a% as an army9 and he
sent 'ihyah as an army alone.
7Al *unan al Cu%ra8
134. Al *ha=4i said: Ene of al
Ansar was late %ehind when
the +illing of the *aha%ah ne5t
to the well of 1a4unah too+
#lace. -y the time he arrived
vultures were already
devouring his com#anions. 2e
told Amr %in Imayah: G) am
going to go alone and face the
enemy so they can +ill me. )
don4t want to %e left %ehind
when our com#anions were
+illedH 2e did and he was
+illed. Khen Amr %in Imayah
7the only survivor of the
incident8 told the 1essenger of
Allah a%out what ha##ened9
the 1essenger of Allah said
good words a%out the man and
then he told Amr %in Imayah:
GAnd why didn4t you go ahead
with himMH 7Al *unan al Cu%ra8
135. aBeed %in A%i I%ayd said:
G) as+ed *alamah %in al A+wa:
GKhat was your #ledge to the
1essenger of Allah on the day
of 2uday%iahMH 2e said: GKe
#ledged to dieH 7-u+hari :
1uslim8
13!. The 1essenger of Allah
said: GA time will come when
the %est among man+ind would
%e a man holding on to the
%ridle his horse in the sa+e of
Allah9 whenever he hears a call
to %attle he mounts his horse
and searches for deathH 7A%u
Iwanah8
13$. )%n 1asood narrated: The
1essenger of Allah of Allah
said: GAllah is amaBed with two
men. Ene of them is a man
who wo+e u# from his
comforta%le %ed to #ray9 eager
to receive the reward from
Allah and fearing 2is
#unishment. The second man is
one who went to =ght in the
#ath of Allah %ut his com#any
turned their %ac+s in the
%attle=eld. 2e realiBed the
#unishment of turning one4s
%ac+ in %attle and the reward
of %eing steadfast so he went
%ac+ to =ght in order to have
his %lood s#illed. Allah would
say: Loo+ at this servant of
mine. 2e went %ac+ to =ght
eager for what ) will reward him
and fearing my #unishment
until his %lood was s#illed.
7Ahmad 7authentic8 : al
1ussanaf : Ta%arani8
)f there weren4t any hadith on the
virtue of immersing one4s self in
the enemy4s army this hadith
would have %een suJcient.
13&. *alamah %in al A+wa
narrates: Then we moved
returning to 1edina9 and halted
at a #lace where there was a
mountain %etween us and -anu
Lihyan9 who were #olytheists.
The 1essenger of Allah 7may
#eace %e u#on him8 as+ed
Lod4s forgiveness for one who
ascended the mountain at
night to act as a scout for the
1essenger of Allah 7may #eace
%e u#on him8 and his
Aom#anions. ) ascended 7that
mountain8 twice or thrice that
night. 7At last8 we reached
1edina. The 1essenger of Allah
34
7may #eace %e u#on him8 sent
his camels with his slave9
/a%ah9 and ) was with him. )
7also8 went to the #asture with
the horse of Talhah along with
the camels.
Khen the day dawned9 A%d al,
/ahman al,0aBari made a raid
and drove away all the camels
of the 1essenger of Allah 7may
#eace %e u#on him89 and +illed
the man who loo+ed after
them. ) said: /a%ah9 ride this
horse9 ta+e it to Talhah %.
SI%aidillah and )nform the
%e u#on him8 that the
#olytheists have made away
with his camels. Then ) stood
u#on a hilloc+ and turning my
face to 1edina9 shouted thrice:
Aome to our hel#. Then ) set
out in #ursuit of the raiders9
shooting at them with arrows
and chanting #oetry:
) am the son of al,A+wa4
And today is the day of defeat
for the mean.
) would overta+e a man from
them9 shoot at him an arrow
that would reach his shoulder.
And ) would say: Ta+e it9
chanting at the same time the
verse
And ) am the son of al,A+wa4
for the mean.
-y Lod9 ) continued shooting at
them and hamstringing their
animals. Khenever a horseman
turned u#on me9 ) would come
to a tree and 7hid myself8
sitting at its %ase. Then ) would
shoot at him and hamstring his
horse. 7At last8 they entered a
narrow mountain gorge. )
ascended that mountain and
held them at %ay throwing
stones at them. ) continued to
chase them in this way until )
got all the camels of the
%e u#on him8 released and no
camel was left with them. They
left meO then ) followed them
shooting at them 7continually8
until they dro##ed more than
thirty mantles and thirty
lances9 lightening their %urden.
En everything they dro##ed9 )
#ut a mar+ with the hel# of 7a
#iece of8 stone so that the
Aom#anions might recogniBe
them 7that it was %ooty left %y
the enemy8. 7They went on8
until they came to a narrow
valley when so and so9 son of
-adr al,0aBari .oined them.
They 7now8 sat down to ta+e
their %rea+fast and ) sat on the
to# of a ta#ering roc+. Al,0aBari
said: Kho is that fellow ) am
seeingM They said: This fellow
has harassed us. -y Lod9 he
has not left us since dus+ and
has %een 7continually8 shooting
at us until he has snatched
everything from our hands. 2e
said: 0our of you should ma+e a
dash at him 7and +ill him8.
7Accordingly89 four of them
ascended the mountain coming
towards me. Khen it %ecame
#ossi%le for me to tal+ to them9
) said: 'o you recogniBe meM
They said: <o. Kho are youM )
said: ) am *alama9 son of al,
A+wa4. -y the -eing Kho has
honored the countenance of
1uhammad 7may #eace %e
u#on him8 ) can +ill any of you )
li+e %ut none of you will %e a%le
to +ill me. Ene of them said: )
thin+ 7he is right8. *o they
returned. ) did not move from
my #lace until ) saw the
horsemen of the 1essenger of
Allah 7may #eace %e u#on
him89 who came riding through
the trees. LoN The foremost
among them was A+hram al,
Asadi.
-ehind him was A%u Fatadah
al,Ansari and %ehind him was
al,1i6dad %. al,Aswad al,Cindi. )
caught hold of the rein of
A+hram4s horse 7*eeing this8.
They 7the raiders8 Ded. ) said
7to A+hram8: A+hram9 guard
yourself against them until
Allah4s 1essenger 7may #eace
Aom#anions .oin you. 2e said:
*alama9 if you %elieve )n Allah
and the 'ay of 3udgment and
7if8 you +now that "aradise is a
reality and 2ell is a reality9 you
should not stand %etween me
and martyrdom. *o ) let him go.
A+hram and A%d al,/ahman
70aBari8 met in com%at. A+hram
hamstrung A%d al,/ahman4s
horse and the latter struc+ him
with his lance and +illed him.
A%d al,/ahman turned a%out
riding A+hram4s horse. A%u
Fatadah9 a horseman of the
%e u#on him89 met SA%d al,
/ahman 7in com%at89 smote
him with his lance and +illed
him. -y the -eing Kho honored
the countenance of 1uhammad
7may #eace %e u#on him89 )
followed them running on my
feet 7so fast8 that ) couldn4t see
%ehind me the Aom#anions of
u#on him89 nor any dust raised
%y their horses. 7) followed
them8 until %efore sunset they
reached a valley which had a
s#ring of water9 which was
called 'hu Farad9 so that they
could have a drin+9 for they
were thirsty. They saw me
running towards them. ) turned
them out of the valley %efore
they could drin+ a dro# of its
water. They left the valley and
ran down a slo#e. ) ran 7%ehind
them89 overtoo+ a man from
them9 shot him with an arrow
through the shoulder %lade and
said: Ta+e this. ) am the son of
al,A+wa4O and today is the day
of annihilation for the #eo#le
who are mean. The fellow 7who
was wounded8 said: 1ay his
mother wee# over himN Are you
the A+wa4 who has %een
chasing us since morningM )
said: es9 E enemy of thyself9
the same A+wa4. They left two
horses dead tired on the hilloc+
and ) came dragging them
along to the 1essenger of Allah
7may #eace %e u#on him8. )
met SAmir who had with him a
container having mil+ diluted
with water and a container
having water. ) #erformed
a%lution with the water and
dran+ the mil+. Then ) came to
the 1essenger of Allah 7may
#eace %e u#on him8 while he
was at 7the s#ring of8 water
from which ) had driven them
away. The 1essenger of Allah
7may #eace %e u#on him8 had
ca#tured those camels and
everything else ) had ca#tured
and all the lances and mantles
) had snatched from the
#olytheists and -ilal had
slaughtered a she,camel from
the camels ) had seiBed from
the #eo#le9 and was roasting
its liver and hum# for the
%e u#on him8. ) said:
1essenger of Allah9 let me
select from our #eo#le one
hundred men and ) will follow
35
the marauders and ) will =nish
them all so that no%ody is left
to convey the news 7of their
destruction to their #eo#le8. 7At
these words of mine89 the
%e u#on him8 laughed so much
that his molar teeth could %e
seen in the light of the =re9 and
he said: *alama9 do you thin+
you can do thisM ) said: es9 %y
the -eing Kho has honored
you. 2e said: <ow they have
reached the land of Lhatafan
where they are %eing feted. 7At
this time8 a man from the
Lhatafan came along and said:
*o and so slaughtered a camel
for them. Khen they were
e5#osing its s+in9 they saw dust
7%eing raised far o@8. They
said: They 7A+wa4 and his
com#anions8 have come. *o
they went away Deeing.
Khen it was morning9 the
%e u#on him8 said: Eur %est
horseman today is A%u
Fatadah and our %est footman
today is *alama. Then he gave
me two shares of the %ooty,the
share meant for the horseman
and the share meant for the
footman9 and com%ined %oth of
them for me. 7Ahmad : 1uslim8
)n the re6uest of *alamah to
send with him one hundred of
the com#anions is an evidence
of the immense num%er of the
enemy otherwise he wouldn4t
re6uest such a num%er.
13(. Al Alaa %in al 2adhrami
said: -isr %in Arta4ah attac+ed
the land of the /omans. -ut the
rear of his army was constantly
attac+ed and whenever he
would #re#are a tra# for the
attac+ers his soldiers would %e
attac+ed instead. Intil he
decided to stay %ehind with a
hundred of his soldiers to =gure
out who was am%using them.
Ene day he went alone in one
of the valleys and found thirty
horses tied ne5t to a
monastery with the +nights
inside it. 2e realiBed that this
was the grou# who were
am%ushing his army. 2e went
ne5t to the monestary and tied
his horse and went in and
closed the door %ehind him
#reventing them from leaving.
2e then started =ghting them
single,handedly and %y the
time they were a%le to lay their
hands on their wea#ons he had
already +illed three of them.
Khen -isr4s soldiers discovered
his a%sence they went
searching for him and came %y
the monestary and found his
horse. They also heard the
noise coming from inside the
monestary. They tried getting
in %ut the door was closed so
they had to %rea+ away some
#anels from the roof and then
descended into the monestary.
They found him =ghting the
+nights with a sword in one
hand and the other hand was
holding some of his intestines
that had s#illed out. 2e then
fell down unconscious. 2is
soldiers continued the =ght
+illing some and ca#turing the
rest. The ca#tured as+ed the
soldiers: GKe as+ you in the
name of LodN Kho was that
manMH They said: G2e is -isr
%in Arta4ah9H The /oman
+nights said: G)n the name of
Lod no woman has ever given
%irth to anyone li+e himNH The
soldiers then #ut the dangling
intestines %ac+ into his
stomach since none of them
was #unctured. They tied his
stomach with some of their
tur%ans and they carried him
%ac+. Then his stomach was
stitched and he was cured.
7A%u 2a..a. Al 1uBi and others8
There is a di@erence of o#inion
on whether -isr was a
com#anion or a Ta%i4i. 2e was
one of the most courageous
men of this nation.
140. Al -ara4 %in ABi% narrates:
Allah4s A#ostle sent SA%dullah
%in SAti+ and SA%dullah %in
SIt%ah with a grou# of men to
A%u /a= 7to +ill him8. They
#roceeded till they a##roached
his castle9 whereu#on SA%dullah
%in Ati+ said to them9 GKait
7here89 and in the meantime )
will go and see.H SA%dullah said
later on9 G) #layed a tric+ in
order to enter the castle. -y
chance9 they lost a don+ey of
theirs and came out carrying a
Daming light to search for it. )
was afraid that they would
recogniBe me9 so ) covered my
head and legs and #retended
to answer the call to nature.
The gate+ee#er called9
SKhoever wants to come in9
should come in %efore ) close
the gate.4 *o ) went in and hid
myself in a stall of a don+ey
near the gate of the castle.
They too+ their su##er with
A%u /a= and had a chat till late
at night. Then they went %ac+
to their homes. Khen the
voices vanished and ) no longer
detected any movement9 )
came out. ) had seen where the
gate+ee#er had +e#t the +ey of
the castle in a hole in the wall. )
too+ it and unloc+ed the gate
of the castle9 saying to myself9
S)f these #eo#le should notice
me9 ) will run away easily.4 Then
) loc+ed all the doors of their
houses from outside while they
were inside9 and ascended to
A%u /a= %y a staircase. ) saw
the house in com#lete
dar+ness with its light o@9 and )
could not +now where the man
was. *o ) called9 SE A%u /a=N4
2e re#lied9 SKho is itM4 )
#roceeded towards the voice
and hit him. 2e cried loudly %ut
my %low was futile. Then )
came to him9 #retending to
hel# him9 saying with a
di@erent tone of my voice9 S
Khat is wrong with you9 E A%u
/a=M4 2e said9 SAre you not
sur#risedM Koe on your
motherN A man has come to me
and hit me with a swordN4 *o
again ) aimed at him and hit
him9 %ut the %low #roved futile
again9 and on that A%u /a=
cried loudly and his wife got
u#. ) came again and changed
my voice as if ) were a hel#er9
and found A%u /a= lying
straight on his %ac+9 so ) drove
the sword into his %elly and
%ent on it till ) heard the sound
of a %one %rea+. Then ) came
out9 =lled with astonishment
and went to the staircase to
descend9 %ut ) fell down from it
and got my leg dislocated. )
%andaged it and went to my
com#anions lim#ing. ) said 7to
them89 SLo and tell Allah4s
A#ostle of this good news9 %ut )
will not leave 7this #lace8 till )
hear the news of his 7i.e. A%u
/a=4s8 death.4 Khen dawn
%ro+e9 an announcer of death
got over the wall and
announced9 S) convey to you
the news of A%u /a=4s death.4 )
got u# and #roceeded without
3!
feeling any #ain till ) caught u#
with my com#anions %efore
they reached the "ro#het to
whom ) conveyed the good
news.H 7-u+hari8
)n the %attle of Al Fadisiyah the
1uslims were a little over seven
thousand while the non%elievers
were forty or seventy thousand
accom#anied %y seventy ele#hants
141. Al Tartooshi mentions in
*ira. al 1oloo+ that Amr %in
1aadi a+ri% went ne5t to the
river and told his #eo#le: G) am
going to cross the %ridge. )f you
follow me after a time
e6uivalent to the time it ta+es
to slaughter a camel you would
=nd me with my sword in my
hand =ghting whoever is in
front of me with the enemy
surrounding me and ) am
standing %etween them. )f you
come later than that you would
=nd me dead.H And then he
crossed the %ridge over the
river towards the enemy4s
cam#. A while later his #eo#le
said: GE sons of Pa%idN Are we
going to leave our man aloneM
Ke might not even catch him
aliveH *o they crossed the
%ridge and found him without
his horse while he was holding
%oth %ac+ legs of an enemy4s
horse and the horse failed to
move. The =ghter on the horse
was trying to reach Amr %ehind
him with his sword with no
avail. Khen the =ghter saw us
attac+ing he came down from
his horse and ran away. Amr
then mounted the horse. 2e
then told us: Gou were almost
going to miss meH They as+ed
him: GKhere is your horseMH 2e
said: G)t was hit %y an arrow
that +illed and ) fell o@ its
%ac+H
142. Al Tartooshi mentions in
*ira. al 1oloo+ and al Furtu%i
in his history that Tari6 %in
Piyad crossed into Andalusia
7the )%erian #eninsula8 with
1$00 men. Tath=r was the
de#uty of Lathri6 and he fought
with Tari6 and his army for
three continues days. 2e sent a
message to Lathri6 that some
#eo#le crossed over to us and )
don4t +now whether they
%elong to this earth or they
came from the heavensN Ke
have no ca#a%ility of =ghting
them alone so we urge you to
come to assist us yourself.
Lathri6 came with an
enforcement of ninety
thousand strong. They fought
with the 1uslims for another
three days. Things where
tightening on the 1uslims so
Tari6 told them: Gou have no
refuge %ut in your swords.
Khere are going to go when
you are in the middle of your
enemy4s territory and the sea
is %ehind youM ) am going to do
something that would %ring
either victory or death9H They
said: GKhat are you going to
doMH 2e said: G) will attac+ their
leader straight on. )f you see
me charge then charge with
meH They did that and Lathri6
was +illed and many of his
soldiers and they were
defeated. Enly a small num%er
of 1uslims were +illed. Tari6
then sent the head of Lathri6 to
1usa %in <usair in Africa and
1usa sent it to the Chalifah al
Kalid %in A%dul1ali+ in
'amascus.
143. Tha%it narrated that
)+rimah the son of A%u 3ahl
7who was a 1uslim then8
dismounted his horse in a
%attle. Chalid %in al Kalid told
him: G'on4t do that. our death
would %e hard on 1uslimsH 2e
re#lied: GE Chalid leave me
aloneN ou %ecame a 1uslim
with the 1essenger of Allah
while my father and myself
were the worst in animosity
against himH 2e fought on foot
until he was +illed. 7)%n al
1u%ara+ : al *unan al Cu%ra8
)+rimah was martyred in the
%attle of armu+.
144. 1ali+ %in 'inar said: 'uring
the %attle of the Pawiyah
A%dullah %in Lhali% said: G) am
seeing something ) cannot
hold%ac+ fromN Lets go to
"aradiseNH 2e then %ro+e the
sheath of his sword and fought
until he was +illed. Khen he
was %uried9 his grave would
give o@ the smell of 1us+. )
went myself to his grave and
#ic+ed u# some of its dirt and
smelled mus+ emanating from
itN 7al -ayha6i8
*cholars di@ered on the issue of an
individual throwing himself into the
enemy4s army alone and we have
mentioned earlier suJcient
references that clearly show that it
is a recommended act and carries a
great reward.
A%u 2amid al LhaBali said in the
)hyaa: GThere is no di@erence in
o#inion that an individual 1uslim
can attac+ the ran+s of the
non%elievers and =ght them alone9
even if he +nows that he would %e
+illed. And .ust as it is allowed for
him to =ght the non%elievers until
he is +illed9 it is also allowed to do
that in en.oining good and
for%idding evil. -ut if he +nows that
his action wont harm the enemy9
such as a %lind or inca#acitated
man throwing himself into the
enemy9 that is #rohi%ited. )t is
allowed for him to commit such an
action when he realiBes that he
wont %e +illed until he himself +ills9
or he realiBes that his action would
wea+en the hearts of the
non%elievers %y them seeing his
courage and thin+ing that the
1uslims have no concern for life
and that they love martyrdom in
the sa+e of Allah. That would
wea+en them.H
Al /a=4ee and al <awawi and
others have stated that #eriling
your soul in 3ihad is allowed. )n fact
al <awawi in his commentary on
*ahih 1uslim mentions that it is
the consensus of scholars. 2e
mentioned that in his commentary
on the story of the %attle Thi Fird.
Al Furtu%i says: And this is similar
to what has %een narrated 7in
-u+hari8 that a man came to the
1essenger of Allah and said: GKhat
if ) am +illed in the #ath of Allah
with sincerity and #atienceMH The
1essenger of Allah said: Gou will
%e given "aradiseH 2e immersed
himself into the enemy4s army until
he was +illed.
3$
CHAPTER 8 ON DUELIN!
'ueling is allowed according to the
consensus of the scholars.
Acce#ting the invitation to a duel
%y a non%eliever is recommended.
As+ing for a duel is neither
recommended nor discouraged
according to the 1adha% of al
*ha=4i. )t is a##ro#riate for the
e5#erienced and is discouraged for
the wea+9 who doesn4t have
suJcient con=dence in himself. )n
fact it is said that it is #rohi%ited for
such a #erson to as+ for a duel. )t is
*unnah to get the #ermission of
the Amir 7leader8 %ut it is still
allowed without his +nowledge.
)mam 1ali+ was as+ed a%out the
ones who stand out in front of the
army and as+ for a duel. 2e said: )t
de#ends on his intentions. )f he is
doing it for the sa+e of Allah9 ) do
not see a #ro%lem with that. *ince
that was the tradition of the ones
%efore us.
)mam al *ha=4i said: ) don4t see a
#ro%lem with duels.
Cnow that duels during wars9 and
acce#ting the invitation to it9 is the
way of the heroes9 it is the %adge
of honor for the %rave men9 and it
has %een their #ride during )slam
and %efore.
145. Amr %in A%dwod 7one of
the greatest =ghters of
Furaish8 during the %attle of
the trench came out as+ing for
a duel. Ali9 veiled in iron
armory9 stood u# and said: G)
wouldH The 1essenger of Allah
refused to allow him and said:
G)t is AmrN *it downNH Amr
called again saying: G)sn4t there
a man among youN Khere is
the "aradise that you claim
whoever dies among you will
enter itM )sn4t there a man
among you to stand u# and
face meMH Ali stood again and
said: G) wouldH The 1essenger
of Allah said: G)t is AmrN *it
downNH Amr called again9 this
time reciting lines of #oetry
challenging the 1uslims. Ali
stood for the third time and
said: G) wouldH. The 1essenger
of Allah said: G)t is AmrH Ali
res#onded: GAnd what if it is
AmrNH The 1essenger of Allah
this time allowed him. Ali
wal+ed u# to Amr reciting to
him lines of #oetry. Amr told
him: GKho are youMH 2e said:
GAli the son of A%u Tali%H Amr
said: G2ave someone of your
seniors ste# forward instead. )
wouldn4t want to s#ill your
%lood my sonNH Ali said: G-ut )
would %e ha##y to s#ill yoursNH
Amr was furious. 2e wal+ed
towards Ali and #ulled out his
sword violently from its sheath
as if it was a %laBe of =re. 2e
struc+ Ali angrily %ut Ali
#rotected himself with his
shield. The stri+e was so strong
it #assed through the shield
and in.ured Ali in the head.
2owever9 Ali sur#rised Amr
with a swift stri+e on his
shoulder that threw Amr down
in a cloud of dust that eru#ted
from their =ght. The 1essenger
of Allah then heard the
thunderous ta+%ir of the
1uslims. Ali has +illed Amr %in
A%dwod. 7)%n 2isham8
14!. Khile Chalid was laying
siege to a town9 one of their
=ghters came out of the gates
with a sword in his right hand
and a shield in his left and he
as+ed for a duel. A 1uslim
volunteered to =ght him and
+illed him. Then the 1uslim
as+ed for a duel so they sent
out to him the their greatest
=ghter. The 1uslim +illed him.
2e as+ed for a third duel. This
time they told him: GLet the
devil =ght youNH
14$. Ali said: It%ah %in /a%i4ah9
his son al Kalid and his %rother
*hay%ah came out in -adr
as+ing for duels. Three young
men from Al Ansar went to face
them. It%ah as+ed them who
they were. Khen they told him9
he said: GKe have no desire in
=ghting you. *ent out to us our
e6uals from our own #eo#le
7meaning from Furaish8H The
1essenger of Allah said: G*tand
u# 2amBah. *tand u# Ali. *tand
u# I%aydah %in al 2arithH
2amBah faced It%ah and +illed
him and ) faced *hay%ah and
+illed him9 while I%aydah and
al Kalid %oth in.ured each
other and fell down. 2amBah
and me wal+ed u# to Al Kalid
and =nished him o@ and we
carried I%aydah away. 7A%u
'awud8
CHAPTER 1< THE SE"ERE
PUNISHMENT FOR THE ONE
$HO TURNS HIS BACK
DURIN! BATTLE
Allah say: E you who have
%elieved9 when you meet those
who dis%elieve advancing >for
%attle?9 do not turn to them your
%ac+s.
And whoever turns his %ac+ to
them on such a day9 unless
swerving >as a strategy? for war or
.oining >another? com#any9 has
certainly returned with anger from
Allah9 and his refuge is 2ell : and
wretched is the destination 7al
Anfal 15,1!8
Cnow that turning one4s %ac+ in
%attle is a ma.or sin with the
consensus of scholars and the one
who does it deserves the wrath of
Allah and his severe #unishment.
14&. A%u 2urairah narrated: The
1essenger of Allah said: G*tay
away from the seven
destroyers of your deeds:
Associating another deity with
Allah9 sorcery9 murder9
usur#ing the wealth of an
or#han9 dealing with interest9
turning one4s %ac+ during
%attle9 and accusing the chaste
with adultery or fornication.H
7-u+hari : 1uslim8
)f .ihad is a collective duty9 it
%ecomes an individual duty when
the armies4 meet and turning one4s
%ac+ %ecomes #rohi%ited. The only
e5ce#tions are:
1. )f the siBe of the enemy4s
army is more than twice
that of the 1uslims.
2. *werving to ta+e a new
#osition.
3. /etreating to .oin another
com#any of 1uslims
4. -eing inca#acitated due to
illness or having no access
to a wea#on
Allah says: G)f there are among you
twenty steadfast9 they will
overcome two hundred. And if
there are among you one hundred
steadfast9 they will overcome a
thousand of those who have
dis%elieved %ecause they are a
#eo#le who do not understand.
<ow Allah has lightened >the
hardshi#? for you9 and 2e +nows
that among you is wea+ness. *o if
3&
there are from you one hundred
steadfast9 they will overcome two
hundred. And if there are among
you a thousand9 they will overcome
two thousand %y the #ermission of
Allah. And Allah is with the
steadfast. 7Al Anfal !5,!!8
)%n Al 1u%ara+ narrated that )%n
A%%as said: )f one man runs away
from three9 he hasn4t turned his
%ac+ in %attle. )f he runs from two
then he has turned his %ac+ in
%attle.
Al Furtu%i in his Tafseer: As long as
the enemy is more than twice the
num%er of 1uslims they can retreat
%ut %eing steadfast and =ghting is
%etter. )n the %attle of 1utah the
1uslims with only 3000 faced the
/oman army of 2009000 /oman
soldiers and 1009000 Ara% soldiers.
)t is also mentioned that when Tari6
o#ening al Andalusia he had only
1$00 soldiers while his enemy was
$09000 strong
)mam 1ali+ was as+ed a%out a
1uslim facing ten enemy soldiers9
should he =ght them or retreatM 2e
said: -oth o#tions are allowed for
him.
14(. The 1essenger of Allah
said: GAn army of twelve
thousand would never %e
defeated due to fewnessH 7A%u
'awud : al *unan al Cu%ra :
Tirmithi , 'arimi : al 2a+im8
1ost of the scholars consider this
hadith to %e an e5ce#tion from the
rule set %y the verse that as long
as the enemy is more than twice
your num%er you can retreat. >The
scholars say that this rules a##lies
to armies less than 129000 in
num%er. 2owever9 if the 1uslim
army is 129000 or more then they
cannot turn there %ac+s no matter
how large the enemy4s army is.?
3(
CHAPTER 11 THE INTENTIONS
IN JIHAD
T&' 4';+4- 3)4 B2&+- ),A6
)((:41 ;&', .&'
2,.',.2),1 3)4 /0&.2,0 +4'
9:4A6 3)4 .&' 1+5' )3
AAA+&
150. Anas narrated: The
1essenger of Allah said when
we returned from the %attle of
Ta%oo+ and were across from
1adina: G;very ste# you too+9
and every valley you crossed9
there are #eo#le in 1adina who
were with youH The
com#anions as+ed: G2ow would
they share in the rewards while
they were in 1adinahMH The
1essenger of Allah said: GThey
are the ones who wanted to
.oin you %ut were una%le toH
7-u+hari : A%u 'awud : )%n
1a.ah8
151. A%u 1usa al Ash4ari said a
-edouin as+ed the 1essenger
of Allah a%out the man who
=ghts for %ooties and the man
who =ghts to %e remem%ered9
so who is in the sa+e of AllahM
GThe one who =ghts to ma+e
the word of Allah far a%ove is
the one =ghting for the sa+e of
AllahH 7-u+hari : 1uslim8
152. A%u 2urairah narrated that
a man came to the 1essenger
of Allah and said: GA man wants
to go for .ihad and he also
wants a worldly %ene=t9H The
1essenger of Allah said: GThere
is no reward for himH Khen the
#eo#le heard that it worried
them. They told the man go
%ac+ to the 1essenger of Allah
and as+ him again9 may%e you
didn4t understand him last
time. 2e went and as+ed him
again. The 1essenger of Allah
said: GThere is no reward for
him9H They told him to go for a
third time. -ut the 1essenger
of Allah had the same res#onse
7A%u 'awud : i%n 2a%%aan : al
2a+im 7authenticated %y al
Thaha%i88
153. A%u a4la %in 1uniyah said:
Khen the 1essenger of Allah
allowed =ghting ) was already
an old man inca#a%le of
=ghting. Also ) didn4t have a
servant to go in my #lace. *o )
hired someone to re#lace me
and as a #ay%ac+ he gets his
share of the %ooty. 2e said: G)
don4t +now how much my
share of the %ooty would %e so
why don4t you s#ecify a certain
amount of money for meMH )
told him: G) can give you three
dinarsH Khen it was time to
#ay him ) told the 1essenger of
Allah a%out it. 2e said: G) do
not see for him any reward in
this world or the 2ereafter for
his =ghting e5ce#t those 3
dinars you #romised himH 7A%u
'awud : al -ayha6i : al 2a+im
7authenticated %y al Thaha%i88
154. A%u 2urairah narrated that
Amr %in A6yash had lend
money with interest and he
didn4t want to %ecome a
1uslim until he collects it. En
the day of the %attle of Ihud
he as+ed: GKhere are my
cousinsMH They said: GAt IhudH
2e as+ed: GKhere is so and
soMH They re#lied: GAt IhudH 2e
as+ed a%out someone else and
he was told they are at Ihud.
2e went ahead and #ut on his
armor and went to Ihud. Khen
the 1uslims saw him they said:
G*tay away from us AmrH 2e
said: G)4ve em%raced )slamH 2e
then fought until he was
in.ured and was carried away
to his family. *aad %in 1uadh
told his sister to as+ him
whether he fought for the
#rotection of his #eo#le or for
the sa+e of Allah and his
1essengerM *he as+ed him and
he said: G) fought for the sa+e
of Allah and his 1essengerH 2e
died and entered into "aradise
without #raying even one
#rayer. 7A%u 'awud : al 2a+im
155. A%u 2urairah narrated: )
say: GThe =rst whom Allah will
.udge on the 'ay of 3udgment
is a martyr. Allah will show him
his %lessings on him and would
then as+ him how did you use
these %lessingsM The martyr
would say: G) fought for you
until ) was +illedH Allah would
say: Gou are lying. ou fought
in order to %e recogniBed as a
=ghter and you got thatH Then
Allah would order that he %e
carried to 2ell=reH 71uslim :
<asa4i : al 2a+im8
15!. )%n 1asood said: Khen the
armies meet9 the angels
descend to write down the men
according to there state: They
write that this #erson is
=ghting for money9 this #erson
is =ghting for #ower9 this
#erson is =ghting for
recognition9 and this #erson is
=ghting for the sa+e of Allah.
The ones who fought for the
sa+e of Allah are the ones who
will have "aradise.
T&' -2H'4',. 2,.',.2),1 2,
B2&+-
2aving a #ure intention in .ihad is
im#ortant since Allah doesn4t
acce#t the .ihad of a mu.ahid
unless he is =ghting with the right
intention. There are di@erent
intentions of the mu.ahideen:
1. T&' 9A'+1:4' )3 AAA+&
There are mu.ahideen who intend
with their .ihad the #leasure of
Allah. They do .ihad %ecause they
%elieve Allah deserves to %e served
through this ritual. They do it for no
reason other than gaining the
a##roval of Allah. The ones with
such an intention are few.
?. L)=' 3)4 I1A+*
*ome mu.ahideen #artici#ate in
.ihad %ecause of their love and
vigilant care for )slam. They want
)slam to %e victorious and they
want dis%elieve to %e defeated.
There is no dou%t in the validity of
these two intentions. An evidence
that a mu.ahid is %asing their .ihad
on one of the two intentions is that
they wouldn4t care in having others
+now a%out their .ihad and they
wont %rag a%out it. As long as Allah
+nows a%out their .ihad that4s
suJcient for them.
@. S''52,0 P+4+-21'
*ome mu.ahideen do .ihad for the
sa+e of entering "aradise and %eing
saved from 2ell=re. This is the
intention of most of the
mu.ahideen. They want "aradise
and they fear 2ell=re. <ow some
say that this intention is not
40
suJcient to reach the status of
martyrdom. -ut the correct o#inion
is that this intention is suJcient in
reaching the status of martyrdom
and there is an a%undance of
evidence from Furan9 *unnah and
the action of the *aha%ah to
su##ort that.
Allah says: )ndeed9 Allah has
#urchased from the %elievers their
lives and their #ro#erties >in
e5change? for that they will have
"aradise. They =ght in the cause of
Allah9 so they +ill and are +illed. >)t
is? a true #romise on 2im in the
Torah and the Los#el and the
Furan. And who is truer to his
covenant than AllahM *o re.oice in
your transaction which you have
contracted. And it is that which is
the great attainment. 7Al Taw%ah
1118
E you who have %elieved9 shall )
guide you to a transaction that will
save you from a #ainful
#unishmentM
ou %elieve in Allah and 2is
1essenger and strive in the cause
of Allah with your wealth and your
lives. That is %est for you9 if you
should +now.
2e will forgive for you your sins
and admit you to gardens %eneath
which rivers Dow and #leasant
dwellings in gardens of #er#etual
residence. That is the great
attainment. 7Al *a@ 10,128
15$. The 1essenger of Allah
said: GKhoever =ghts in the
#ath of Allah the time it ta+es
to mil+ a camel is granted
"aradiseH 7)%n 2a%%aan : al
<asa4i :al Tirmithi : al 'arimi :
Ahmad : )%n 1a.ah8
15&. The 1essenger of Allah
said: G'on4t you love that Allah
forgives you and admits you
into "aradiseM Then =ght in the
#ath of AllahH 7Tirmithi :
Ahmad8
15(. Anas %in 1ali+ narrated
that on the day of the %attle of
-adr9 the 1essenger of Allah
said: G*tand u# and face
"aradise9 the width of which is
li+e the heavens and earthH
Imair %in al 2amam said: GE
1essenger of Allah9 "aradise
the width of which is li+e the
heavens and earthMH The
1essenger of Allah said: GesH
Imair was eating from some
dates in his hand. 2e said: G)f )
am going to live as long as it
ta+es to =nish eating these
dates that4s a long timeNH and
he threw away the dates and
rushed to the %attle=eld and
was +illed. 71uslim : al 2a+im8
)t a##ears from the hadith that
Imair fought for the sa+e of
"aradise.
1!0. *haddad %in al 2aad said
that a -edouin came to the
1essenger of Allah. 2e
%elieved in him and followed
him. Khen it was the %attle of
the Trench the 1essenger of
Allah was dividing the %ooties
of war %etween the
com#anions. *o he gave him
his #ortion. The -edouin said:
Gwhat is thisMH They said: GThe
1essenger of Allah sent this to
youH *o he went to the
1essenger of Allah and said:
GKhat is thisMH The 1essenger
of Allah said: GThis is your
share of the %ooties9H 2e said:
GThat4s not why ) followed you.
-ut ) followed you in order that
) %e shot at right here , and he
#ointed to his throat : with an
arrow so ) can die and enter
into "aradiseN The 1essenger
of Allah said: G)f you are
truthful with Allah9 Allah will %e
truthful with you G A little later
they went to =ght. The -edouin
was carried %ac+ to the
1essenger of Allah with an
arrow in.ury in his throat. The
1essenger of Allah as+ed if it
was heM They said: GesH 2e
said: G2e was truthful with
Allah and Allah was truthful to
himH Then the 1essenger of
Allah said: GE Allah this servant
of yours made hi.rah for your
sa+e and then died as a martyr.
) am a witness over thatH
7A%dul/aBa6 : <asa4)8
<otice here how the 1essenger
of Allah said: G) am a witness
over thatH when all what the
-edouin wanted was "aradise.
)f this was an invalid intention
he would have corrected him
on the s#ot when he heard it
from him.
4. S'A3G-'3',1'
*ome #eo#le only =ght when
fought. They have no intention %ut
defending themselves. The #erson
with such an intention is close to
the a%ove three mentioned
intentions %ut is nevertheless lower
than them in status.
Al <awawi states that there are
three categories of martyrs:
A *haheed in this world
and the 2ereafter: This is
the one who was +illed in
the #ath of Allah.
A *haheed in the 2ereafter
alone %ut not this world:
This a##lies to the one who
drowns or the one who dies
in a #lague.
A *haheed in this world
only %ut not in the
2ereafter: This a##lies to
the one who is +illed in
%attle %ut didn4t have the
right intentions or stole
from the %ooties.
D. B).& B2&+- +,- >)).2'1
There are some who go out with
the intention of =ghting for the
sa+e of Allah %ut they also have the
intention of winning %ooties. The
scholars di@ered in this situation.
*ome consider this to %e an invalid
intention and there is no reward for
such a .ihad9 in fact there is
#unishment %ecause such a #erson
was =ghting for this world.
-ut other scholars consider this
intention to %e acce#ta%le and this
is the o#inion of the ma.ority of
scholars. This is the correct o#inion
%ecause it =ts the actions of the
*aha%ah. Al Furtu%i states that:
The 1essenger of Allah went to
interce#t the caravan of Furaish
led %y A%u *ufyan. This is evidence
that =ghting for %ooty is =ne
%ecause it is a halal source of
income. This refutes the o#inion
ado#ted %y )mam 1ali+ that this is
a =ght for this world. There are
hadiths that state that whoever
=ghts for the word of Allah to
#revail is in the #ath of Allah and
not the one who =ghts for %ooty.
-ut the meaning of this hadith is
that if someone has the intention of
=ghting only for the %ooty9 that is
an invalid intention in .ihad.
Another evidence that such an
intention is acce#ta%le is where
Allah says: GRAllah has #romised
you much %ooty that you will
ta+eRH 7Al 0ateh 208
Ene cannot imagine that Allah
would #romise his servants %ooty
%ut disallow them to desire itN The
41
action of the 1essenger of Allah is
also evidence. 2e has sent many
raids on the caravans of the
non%elievers. *ome other
references to show that such an
intention is valid:
1!1. A%dullah %in 2uthafah said:
The 1essenger of Allah sent us
on a raid to win %ootyR7A%u
'awud : al -ayha6i in *unnan8
This is clear since the 1essenger of
Allah sent them s#eci=cally to win
%ooties.
<ow ta+ing %ooty does decrees the
reward %ut it does not invalidate
the intention of .ihad:
1!2. A%dullah %in Amr %in Al Aas
Allah said: GAny army that wins
and ta+es %ooty has received
two thirds of their reward. -ut if
they loose and ta+e no %ooty
they receive their entire
rewardH 71uslim8
E. B)).6
There are =ghters who .oin .ihad for
no #ur#ose other than =nancial
reward of %ooty. )f they were faced
with the #ros#ect of =ghting
without any =nancial com#ensation
they would not %e willing to
#artici#ate. 0or these9 there is no
reward whatsoever and if such a
#erson dies he is not a *haheed.
F. R'()0,2.2),
There are some who =ght for fame
and recognition. *uch a #erson is
not a mu.ahid and if he dies he is
not a *haheed. 2e would also %e
one of the =rst to %e thrown in
2ell=re according to the hadith.
<ow if a #erson has %oth intentions
of =ghting for the sa+e of Allah9 and
recognition9 then he would not %e
rewarded nor would he %e
#unished.
Al Tirmithi narrates: The 1essenger
of Allah said: GEn the 'ay of
3udgment9 when Allah will %ring
together the =rst and the last9 an
announcement would %e made: G)f
someone associates someone else
with me in the intention of their
deeds9 then let them see+ their
reward from whom they associated9
%ecause Allah acce#ts no
associatesH
8. D'19+24
There are some who =ght in order
to die and get rid of their #ainful
wea+ness9 de%t9 #overty9 des#air9
or life of diJculty. Khen they =ght
they are not thin+ing a%out
#leasing Allah or raising high his
word.
0or such a #erson it is #ossi%le to
state that he is not considered a
*haheed %ecause it wasn4t a .ihad
done for the sa+e of Allah. Ene can
also argue that he is a *haheed
%ecause he made sure that he
doesn4t ta+e away his life e5ce#t in
this manner9 i.e. =ghting the
enemies of Allah. *o if he could
have faced death %y the hands of
armed ro%%ers for e5am#le or an
illness he wouldn4t have o#ted for
it.
) would %e more inclined to ado#t
this second view: That he is in fact
a *haheed9 even though he is
nowhere close to the sincere
martyrs.
R:A2,01 ), >'2,0 9+2- 3)4
/0&.2,0
*cholars di@ered on the ruling of
ta+ing a #ayment in e5change of
.ihadO some allow it while others
#rohi%it it.
The ones who allowed it re6uired
that the #ayment should not %e a
condition set %y the mu.ahid to
=ght. *o if the #ayment is withheld
the mu.ahid should still %e willing
to =ght. )f that4s not the case then
the intention of the =ghter is
merely the worldly com#ensation
rather that the sa+e of Allah.
)f a #erson only ta+es the #ayment
%ecause of their #overty9 and they
cannot ma+e .ihad without such a
#ayment9 then there is no #ro%lem
with the intention of such a #erson.
1!3. The 1essenger of Allah
said: GThe =ghter would get his
reward9 while the one who
=nanced the =ghter would get
his reward #lus the reward of
the =ghterH 7A%u 'awud8
S''52,0 4'()0,2.2), 2, B2&+-
+3.'4 1.+4.2,0 2. ;2.& +
12,('4' 2,.',.2),
)f a #erson starts out with a sincere
intention %ut then sought
recognition from their .ihad then:
All the acts of worshi# that were
done %efore the change in
intention are valid and acce#ted9
while the deeds done after that are
lost. )f the #erson started with the
right intention %ut when the armies
met he fought only to avoid turning
away and %eing accused of
cowardice9 then such a #erson has
lost his rewards.
Therefore the mu.ahid needs to
clear his mind and heart from
feelings of desire for recognition9
arrogance9 e5#ecting #raise from
others or fearing their criticism and
should ma+e .ihad against his self
to insure that his =ghting is for no
#ur#ose other than #leasing Allah.
T&' 4:A2,0 ), .&' ),' ;&)
>)+1.1 +>):. &21 B2&+-
The mu.ahid may have the right
intention throughout his .ihad until
the %attle is over. -ut after that he
might feel the urge to s#ea+ a%out
his .ihad to #eo#le who didn4t
attend it in order to have them
+now that he is a mu.ahid. Er he
might narrate stories intended to
dis#lay his courage and s+ill in
=ghting.
There are references that such an
act destroys his reward:
1!4. A man came to the
1essenger of Allah and told
him: G) have %een fasting
everyday9H The 1essenger of
Allah said: G<either did you fast
nor did %rea+ your fastH
71uslim8
1eaning: %y %ragging a%out
your fasting you lost the
reward of it so it is as if you
didn4t fast.
Therefore a #erson should not
reveal to others his .ihad or in
that sense any of his good
deeds in order to #reserve his
rewards.
-ut if there is a %ene=t in him
tal+ing a%out his .ihad li+e
encouraging others9 or
strengthening their hearts then
that is allowed as long as his
intention is the %ene=t and not
to show o@.
1!5. The 1essenger of Allah
said: GKhoever shows o@ his
deeds9 Allah would %elittle9 and
humiliate himH 7Ta%arani8
A *:B+&2- ;&) 0)'1 ), B2&+-
+,- -2'1 ;2.&):. /0&.2,0
21 + S&+&''-
42
Allah says: And whoever emigrates
for the cause of Allah will =nd on
the earth many >alternative?
locations and a%undance. And
whoever leaves his home as an
emigrant to Allah and 2is
1essenger and then death
overta+es him : his reward has
already %ecome incum%ent u#on
Allah. And Allah is ever 0orgiving
and 1erciful. 7Al <isa 1008
1!!. A%u 2urairah narrated: The
li+eliness of the mu.ahid is li+e
the one who is #raying and
fasting without ta+ing a %rea+
from #raying and fasting until
he returns %ac+ to his family
with %ooty or reward9 or Allah
would ta+e his soul away and
enter him into "aradiseH 7)%n
2a%%aan : -u+hari : 1uslim :
al <asa4i8
1!$. A%u 2urairah narrated: The
1essenger of Allah said9 GKho
are the martyrsMH The
com#anions said: GThe ones
who are +illed in the #ath of
AllahH The 1essenger of Allah
said: GThen the martyrs in my
nation are %ut a few. -ut the
one who is +illed in the #ath of
Allah is a *haheed9 the one
who dies in the #ath of Allah is
a *haheed9 the one who falls
o@ his mount in the #ath of
Allah is a *haheed9 the one
who drowns in the #ath of Allah
is a *haheed9 the one who dies
in a #lague in the #ath of Allah
is a *haheed9 the one who dies
of an internal illness in the #ath
of Allah is a *haheedRH7)%n
A%u *hay%ah : A%u 'awud : al
<asa4i : i%n 1a.ah8
*a%urah %in al 0a+ah narrated: )
heard the 1essenger of Allah say9
G*haytaan has interce#ted the son
of Adam on his #ath towards )slam
and told him: Are you going to
%ecome 1uslim and leave your
heritage and the religion of your
forefathersM -ut the son of Adam
diso%eyed him and %ecame a
1uslim and was forgiven. Then
*haytaan sat for him on his #ath to
hi.rah and told him: Kill you ma+e
hi.rah and leave %ehind your home
and landM 2e diso%eyed him and
made hi.rah. 2e than sat for him on
his #ath towards .ihad and told
him: Are you going to =ght and it is
an e5haustion of your self and
wealthM ou would go to +ill and
would %e +illed and then your wife
would %e ta+en and your wealth
divided. The son of Adam
diso%eyed him and went on .ihad.H
The 1essenger of Allah then said:
GKhoever does that9 it is
incum%ent u#on Allah to admit him
to "aradise9 or if he dies %y his
animal stri+ing him he would go to
"aradiseH 7Ahmad 72assan88
*ome scholars consider the status
of the one who is +illed in the #ath
of Allah and the one who dies in
the #ath of Allah to %e e6ualO they
are e6ual in martyrdom and
reward. -ut the stronger o#inion is
that they are not. There is a
di@erence %etween the one who is
+illed and the one who dies a
natural death in the #ath of Allah.
E%viously the one who is +illed has
a higher status and is #referred in a
few ways:
)%n 2a%%aan narrates: The
a%out the %est .ihad. 2e said:
GThe %est .ihad is the one in
which your horse is slain and
your %lood is s#illedH *o the
one who is +illed has #racticed
the %est .ihad.
The dead is called dead even if
he dies in the #ath of Allah
while the *haheed is not
considered to %e dead
according to the ayah: GAnd do
not say a%out those who are
+illed in the way of Allah9 GThey
are deadH. /ather say9 they are
alive9 %ut you #erceive not.H 7Al
-a6arah 1548
The +illed would have his
in.uries witness for him on the
'ay of 3udgment. The in.uries
would gush with %lood that
smells li+e mus+.
The +illed in the #ath of Allah
would desire to come %ac+ to
this world again and again to
%e +illed in the #ath of Allah.
That does not ha##en with the
one who dies a natural death in
the #ath of Allah. )n *ahih
1uslim the 1essenger of Allah
said: There is no soul that dies
and faces reward from Allah
that would %e #leased to go
%ac+ to this world9 even if it
would %e given the world and
everything in it9 e5ce#t for the
*haheed. 2e wishes to come
%ac+ to this world in order to
%e +illed again in the #ath of
Allah. That is %ecause of the
great reward he sees given to
the *haheed.H
-eing +illed in the #ath of Allah
forgives all sins. That is not the
case with natural death.
The one who dies in the #ath of
Allah is #rayed on. -ut for the
one +illed there is no #rayer of
.anaBah o@ered. -ecause
#rayer is #erformed to as+
Allah to forgive the dead and
since the *haheed already has
his sins forgiven why o@er a
#rayer for himM
43
CHAPTER 1? MARTYRDOM
A152,0 3)4 *+4.64-)* +,-
0'..2,0 2.
Allah has made it mandatory on us
to as+ 2im in every #rayer to %e
guided to the straight #ath9 the
#ath of those whom Allah has
%estowed 2is favor on.
Allah says: Luide us to the straight
#ath. The #ath of those u#on whom
ou have %estowed favor. 7al
0atihah8
And the ones whom Allah has
%estowed 2is favor on are the ones
mentioned in this verse:
And whosoever o%eys Allah and the
1essenger : those will %e with the
ones u#on whom Allah has
%estowed favor of the #ro#hets9
the steadfast aJrmers of truth9 the
martyrs and the righteous. And
e5cellent are those as com#anions
7al <isa !(8
1!&. *ahl %in 2aneef narrated:
GKhoever as+s Allah for
martyrdom earnestly9 Allah will
elevate him to the level of
martyrs even if he dies on his
%edH 71uslim : A%u 'awud :
Tirmithi : al <asa4i : )%n 1a.ah
: al 2a+im8
1!(. Amir %in *aad narrated: A
man came to #ray while the
"ro#het was #raying and he
said: GE Allah ) as+ you for the
%est thing you give to your
righteous servantsH Khen the
"ro#het =nished #rayer he
turned and said: GKho was the
one s#ea+ing %eforeMH The man
said: G1e E 1essenger of
AllahH The 1essenger of Allah
said: GThen your horse would
%e slain and you would %e a
martyrH 7)%n 2a%%aan : al
Thaha%i8 : A%u a4la : -aBBaar8
1$0. A%u 2urairah narrated: The
1essenger of Allah said9
GKhoever goes out in his cause
with no #ur#ose %ut to =ght in
his sa+e and %elieving in 2im
and 2is 1essengers9 Allah will
guarantee for him to either
return him home with rewards
or %ooties. )n the name of
whom 1uhammad4s soul is in
2is hand9 whoever is in.ured in
the #ath of Allah9 the in.ury
would come on the 'ay of
3udgment as it was in this
world9 the color is that of %lood
and the smell is that of mus+.
)n the name of whom
hand9 if it wasn4t for ma+ing
things diJcult on 1uslims )
wouldn4t have stayed %ehind
any army leaving in the #ath of
Allah. -ut ) am una%le to =nd
sustenance for the 1uslims
who stay %ehind and they have
nothing and it is diJcult on
them for me to go while
leaving them %ehind.
)n the name of whom
hand9 ) wish ) could =ght in the
cause of Allah and then %e
+illed and then =ght and then
%e +illed and then =ght and
then %e +illedH 71uslim8
1$1. 3a%ir narrated that he heard
the "ro#het mention the
martyrs of Ihud and then he
said: G) wish ) have de#arted
with my com#anions under that
mountainH
7Al 2a+im 7authenticated %y al
Thaha%i88
>1eaning: The 1essenger of
Allah wished that he was +illed
with them under the mountain
of Ihud.?
1$2. )shaa6 %in *aad %in A%i
Ka66aas narrated that his
father told him that A%dullah
%in 3ahsh told him %efore the
%attle of Ihud: GLets go and
ma+e dua 7su##lications8H *o
they went aside and *aad went
=rst. 2e said: GE Allah if we
meet our enemy tomorrow
then let me face a tough
=ghter so ) can =ght him for
your sa+e and he can =ght me.
Then let me defeat him and +ill
himH A%dullah then made his
#rayers: GE Allah let me face a
tough =ghter so ) can =ght him
for your sa+e and he can =ght
me. Then let him +ill me and
after that cut my nose and
ears. *o when ) meet ou9 ou
will as+ me: GE A%dullahN Khy
were your nose and ears cut
o@MH ) would re#ly: GThey
where cut o@ for our sa+e and
for our 1essengerH And then
you would say: Ges9 you s#o+e
the truthH. )shaa6 %in *aad
said: 1y father said: GE my
son9 the #rayer of A%dullah was
%etter than mine. ) found him
the end of the day with his
nose and ears tied in a stringH
7Al 2a+im 7authenticated %y al
Thaha%i88
1$3. Imar %in al Chattaa% used
to say: GE AllahN ) as+ you
martyrdom in the city of our
"ro#hetH 7-u+hari8
1$4. Al Thaha%i narrated that
Amr %in al Aas said: G) was with
my %rother 2isham at armu+
and we s#ent our night #raying
that Allah %lesses us with
martyrdom. The ne5t day my
%rother got it %ut ) didn4t.
1$5. Anas narrated: The
man from "aradise will %e
as+ed %y Allah: GE son of
Adam9 are you satis=ed with
your dwellingMH 2e will say: GE
my LordN This is the greatest
dwellingNH Allah will say: GAs+
whatever you wantH 2e will
say: G) as+ that ou ta+e me
%ac+ to earth so ) can %e +illed
for ou ten timesH 2e says that
when he sees the great status
of martyrdom. Then Allah will
as+ a man from 2ell=re: GE son
of Adam9 how do you =nd your
dwellingMH 2e would say: GE my
Lord9 this is the worst
dwellingNH Allah will as+ him:
GKould you then save yourself
from it %y #aying the
e6uivalent of the whole world
=lled with goldMH 2e would say:
GesNH Allah would tell him:
Gou are lying. ) as+ed you for
less than that and you didn4t
do itH 7Al 2a+im : al <asa4i :
A%u Awnah8
)f the #eo#le of "aradise would
desire martyrdom even though
they are already given the greatest
%lessings9 then how couldn4t we
as+ for it9 when we are living in the
dwelling sorrow9 #ain9 dece#tion9
and evilN And we don4t even +now
whether we are heading for
"aradise or 2ell=reN
1$!. Chalid %in al Kaleed said:
G)f ) were to marry a %eautiful
woman whom ) love9 or if )
were given the good news of
having a new%orn son9 is less
%eloved and dear to my heart
then to %e in a cold icy night in
44
an army waiting to meet my
enemy the ne5t morning. )
advise you to go on .ihadH 7i%n
al 1u%ara+8
%efore his death
1$$. A%dullah %in Imar said: 1y
father Imar during the %attle
of Ihud told his %rother Paid:
GTa+e my shieldH Paid re#lied:
G) am see+ing martyrdom .ust
li+e you areH and he refused to
ta+e it. They %oth ended u#
leaving itN 7A%u <aeem in al
2ilyah8
Paid was the older %rother of Imar.
2e %ecame 1uslim %efore Imar.
2e was a very tall man. 2e sought
after martyrdom during the %attle
of Ihud %ut didn4t get it. 2e lived
#assed the 1essenger of Allah and
during the %attle of al amamah he
was carrying the %anner of the
1uslim army. 2e continued
marching forward with it9 =ghting
his way with his sword until he was
+illed and the %anner fell down. )t
was later #ic+ed u# %y *alim the
servant of A%u 2uthaifah. Khen
the news of his death reached
Imar he was e5tremely saddened
%y it. 2e said: G1y %rother %ecame
a 1uslim %efore me and then won
martyrdom %efore me9H 2e would
later say: GKhenever the wind of
the ;ast %lows9 it would remind me
of my %rother PaidH 7Paid was
+illed at amamah which is east of
1adina8
1$&. *ilah %in A+tam told his
son: GE my son9 go ahead and
=ghtNH 2is son went ahead and
was +illed. Latter on *ilah
himself was +illed.
Khen 1u4aathah the wife of
*ilah received the news of the
death of %oth her hus%and and
son she told the woman who
came to give their
condolences: G)f you are
coming to congratulate me
then welcome. )f you are here
to give me condolences then
you must leaveNH 7)%n al
1u%ara+ : al Thaha%i in *eyar
Alaam al <u%ala : A%u <aeem
in 2ilyah : )%n *aad in Ta%a+at8
1$(. *a4ad %in )%rahim narrates
that during the %attle of al
Fadisiyah they #assed %y a
man who had %oth his arms
and %oth his legs cut o@ during
%attle9 rolling in his %lood and
he was reciting: GAnd
whosoever o%eys Allah and the
1essenger : those will %e with
the ones u#on whom Allah has
%estowed favor of the
#ro#hets9 the steadfast
aJrmers of truth9 the martyrs
and the righteous. And
e5cellent are those as
com#anionsH 7al <isa !(8. They
said: GKho are youNH 2e said:
GA man from al AnsarH 7)%n A%i
*hay%ah8
T&' =24.:'1 )3 *+4.64-)*
1artyrdom is a great %lessing and
a no%le status that is not given
e5ce#t to the very fortunate.
The martyrs are accom#anying the
"ro#hets in "aradise:
And whosoever o%eys Allah and the
1essenger : those will %e with the
ones u#on whom Allah has
%estowed favor of the #ro#hets9
the steadfast aJrmers of truth9 the
martyrs and the righteous. And
e5cellent are those as com#anions.
7Al <isa !(8.
The scholars have di@erent views
on why the martyr is called
Shaheed 7*haheed in Ara%ic means
GwitnessH. *ome of which are:
-ecause Allah and 2is angels
are witnesses that "aradise is
granted for such a #erson.
-ecause their souls witness
"aradise. This is the o#inion of
al Furtu%i
-ecause they witnessed on the
transaction %etween them and
Allah mentioned in the verse:
)ndeed9 Allah has #urchased
from the %elievers their lives
and their #ro#erties >in
e5change? for that they will
have "aradise. They =ght in the
cause of Allah9 so they +ill and
are +illed. >)t is? a true #romise
>%inding? u#on 2im in the Torah
and the Los#el and the Furan.
And who is truer to his
covenant than AllahM *o re.oice
in your transaction which you
have contracted. And it is that
which is the great attainment.
7Al Taw%a 1118
Khen soul of the martyr leaves
his %ody it witnesses the
%ounties Allah has #re#ared for
him
Allah has %estowed on the *haheed
many %ounties. Ene of which is the
fact that the *haheed is alive:
And do not say a%out those who
are +illed in the way of Allah9 GThey
are deadH. /ather say9 they are
alive9 %ut you #erceive not. 7Al
-a6arah 1548
1&0. )%n A%%aas narrated: The
martyrs are on the %an+s of a
river ne5t to the gates of
"aradise in a green dome. They
receive their #rovisions from
"aradise in the morning and
nightH 7Ahmad : )%n A%u
*hay%ah : Tafseer al Ta%ari : al
Thaha%i88
*cholars inter#reted the essence of
the GlifeH of the martyr. Al Furtu%i
mentions the various views on the
su%.ect:
Al Furtu%i stated that the life of the
martyrs is in the literal sense and
that their %odies are dead %ut their
souls are not : .ust li+e all the
%elievers, %ut the di@erence is that
the *haheed receives #rovisions
from "aradise while the rest of the
%elievers don4t.
1u.ahid says that the martyrs feed
from the fruits of "aradise %ut they
are not actually in it. Ethers say
that the souls of the martyr are
inside green %irds in "aradise. Al
Furtu%i ado#ts this view %ecause it
is su##orted %y sayings of the
"ro#het.
Al Furtu%i continues %y saying that
the *haheed would receive the
reward of =ghting one %attle every
year and he would also share in the
rewards of every .ihad until the 'ay
of 3udgmentN
1y view is that the life of the
*haheed is di@erent and it de#ends
on the status of the *haheed:
*ome shaheeds would have
their souls in the insides of
%irds of "aradise. 0lying
wherever they want in
"aradise.
Ethers would %e on the river
.ust outside the gates of
"aradise and they would
receive their #rovisions every
morning and night from inside
"aradise.
The souls of others would %e
Dying with the angels wherever
they want
45
Ethers would %e reclining on
thrones in "aradise
T&' '+4.& -)'1 ,). (),1:*'
.&' >)-2'1 )3 .&'
*+4.641
The %ody of the *haheed does not
decom#ose.
1&1. A%dul/ahman %in *asa4ah
said: G) was told that Amr %in al
3amooh and A%dullah %in Amr
7%oth from al Ansar8 were
martyred during the %attle of
Ihud and the 1essenger of
Allah #laced them in the same
grave. 'uring the reign of
1u4awyah a storm Dooded the
cemetery so their grave was
o#ened in order to change its
location. Khen the grave was
o#ened their %odies were found
intact as if they died yesterday.
This occurred 4! years after
their deathNH 7)mam 1ali+8
The same incident is also referred
to here:
1&2. 3a%ir narrates: 1u4awyah
said: GKhoever has a dead
#erson in this cemetery 7the
cemetery of the martyrs of
Ihud8 should remove their
remainsH 3a%ir said: GKe #ulled
them out of their graves with
tender %odies 7as if they were
alive8. Ene of the %odies was
hit %y an a5 in the leg and
%lood dri##ed from the in.uryNH
7)%n al 1u%ara+ : A%dul/aBa68
1&3. The son of )%n A%%aas said:
G) went to the grave of my
uncle 2amBah and ) retrieved
his %ody and it didn4t changeH
1&4. )t is mentioned that the
grave of the young man from
the story of the trench was
found in during the reign of
Imar. The young man had his
hand over his head in the #lace
the arrow hit him 7Tirmithi
7agreea%le88
1&5. Al Furtu%i stated that the
#eo#le of 1adina narrated that
the wall of the grave of the
1essenger of Allah colla#sed
during the reign of al Kaleed
%in A%dul1ali+ when Imar %in
A%dulABiB was the governor of
1adina. Khen the wall
colla#sed a foot was uncovered
and #eo#le were terri=ed
thin+ing that it was the foot of
grandson of Imar came and he
saw the foot and said that it
was the foot of his grandfather
Imar. Imar died as a *haheed.
)f the martyr is considered to %e
alive then there is no #rayer for the
dead #erformed for them.
/egarding the washing9 )mam
1ali+9 *ha=4i9 and A%u 2aneefah
say that the *haheed shouldn4t %e
washed. )n al -u+hari the
1essenger of Allah ordered that
the martyrs of Ihud %e %uried
without any washing and without
the #rayer of .anaBah.
The reason the martyrs are not
washed is %ecause their %lood
would witness for them on the 'ay
of 3udgment.
Al 2assan and i%n al 1usaya% say
that the *haheed should %e
washed. -ut the stronger o#inion is
that they are not washed.
Also regarding the #rayer of
.anaBah9 )mam 1ali+9 *ha=4i and
Ahmad state that the #rayer is not
#erformed on the *haheed. -ut the
scholars of Cufah and -asra state
otherwise. The stronger o#inion is
that there is no #rayer of .anaBah
for the *haheed.
All the a%ove stated relates to the
one who dies on the %attle=eld.
2owever9 if a =ghter is in.ured in
the %attle=eld %ut then is rescued
to another #lace and is attended to
and then eats and drin+s %ut
eventually dies from his in.uries9
then such a #erson is washed and
receives the #rayer of .anaBah. This
is what the *aha%ah did with Imar
when he was +illed.
T&' =24.:'1 )3 *+4.641
The martyrs are %lessed with many
virtues from Allah. *ome of which
are:
1. D'124' .) -2' +0+2, 3)4 .&'
1+5' )3 AAA+&
<o one who enters "aradise wants
to leave it9 even if they are given
the world and everything on it9 with
the e5ce#tion of the *haheed. 2e
wants to leave "aradise9 come %ac+
to this world9 and %e +illed in the
sa+e of Allah again. )n *ahih
1uslim the 1essenger of Allah
says: G<o one who enters "aradise
would want to go %ac+ to earth %ut
the *haheed. 2e wants to go %ac+
to earth in order to %e +illed for the
sa+e of Allah ten times. That is
when he sees what Allah has
reserved for the martyrsNH The
1essenger of Allah himself says:
G)n the name of whom
1uhammad4s soul is in 2is hand9 )
wish ) could =ght in the cause of
Allah and then %e +illed and then
=ght and then %e +illed and then
=ght and then %e +illedH
?. F)402='1 +AA 12,1
The moment the soul of the
*haheed leaves his %ody9 it also
leaves all his sins %ehind.
)n *ahih 1uslim: A%u Fatadah said
the 1essenger of Allah gave them
a +hut%ah and he said in it that
3ihad in the #ath of Allah and )man
are the greatest of all deeds. *o a
man stood u# and said: GE
1essenger of Allah if ) am +illed in
the #ath of Allah will that forgive
my sinsMH The 1essenger of Allah
said: Ges9 if you die with
steadfastness and sincerity9 facing
your enemy9 and not turning your
%ac+ to himH The man as+ed again.
The 1essenger of Allah said: Ges9
if you die with steadfastness and
sincerity9 facing your enemy9 and
not turning your %ac+ to him and if
you are not in de%t : 3i%reel told me
thatH
1&!. A%dullah %in Amr %in al Aas
Allah said: GThe *haheed is
forgiven everything e5ce#t
de%tH 71uslim : al 2a+im :
Ahmad8
Al Furtu%i: The de%t that is
intended here is when the *haheed
had the ca#a%ility of #aying it %ac+
%ut didn4t or had the o#tion of
writing it in his will and he didn4t. )t
would also include money that was
%orrowed for a wasteful reason and
was not returned. -ut when the
*haheed %orrows money due to
#overty and dire need and is then
inca#a%le of #aying it %ac+9 this
would not withhold the *haheed
from "aradise. )n this case the
*ultan should #ay %ac+ his de%t. )f
that didn4t ha##en than Allah
himself will #ay it %ac+ for him. As
the 1essenger of Allah said: GKhen
you %orrow and you sincerely want
4!
to #ay it %ac+9 Allah will #ay it %ac+
for you. And when you %orrow
money to waste9 Allah will waste
it.H 7-u+hari8
1&$. The 1essenger of Allah
said: GThe *haheed has seven
6ualities: 2e would %e forgiven
with the =rst dro# of his
%loodRH 7Ahmad : al Ta%arani8
1&&. A%dullah %in Amr %in al Aas
said: Khen the servant is +illed
in the cause of Allah9 as soon
as the =rst dro# of his %lood
touches the ground9 all of his
sins are forgiven.
@. T&' +,0'A1 94)=2-' 1&+-'
3)4 .&' S&+&''- ;2.& .&'24
;2,01
1&(. 3a%ir narrated that his
father was #resented to the
1essenger of Allah after his
dead %ody was mutilated. )
wanted to uncover his face %ut
some #eo#le told me not to.
Ke then heard some women
wee#ing. The 1essenger of
Allah said: GKhy are you
wee#ingM The angels are still
#roviding shade for him until
this momentNH 7-u+hari :
1uslim8
4. M+4.64-)* 0:+4+,.''1
P+4+-21'
Allah says: G)ndeed9 Allah has
#urchased from the %elievers their
lives and their #ro#erties >in
e5change? for that they will have
"aradiseH 7Taw%ah 1118
Allah says: And those who are
+illed in the cause of Allah : never
will 2e waste their deeds. 2e will
guide them and amend their
condition. And admit them to
"aradise.. 71uhammad 4,!8
1(0. *amurah %in 3undu%
Allah said: G)4ve dreamed last
night of two men who
ascended with me and too+ me
u# a tree and we entered a
mansion i4ve never seen
anything more %eautiful than it.
They said: GThis mansion is for
the martyrsH 7-u+hari8
1(1. A%u 2urairah narrated: The
1essenger of Allah said: GAllah
laughs at two men9 one of
them +ills the other and they
%oth enter "aradiseNH They
said: G2ow can that ha##en E
1essenger of AllahMH 2e said:
GEne of them +ills the other9 so
the one who is +illed goes to
"aradise 7a martyr8 and then
the man who +illed em%races
)slam9 goes and =ghts in the
#ath of Allah and is +illed as a
*haheed and goes to "aradiseH
7-u+hari : al <asa4i : 1uslim8
1(2. Anas narrated: The mother
of 2arithah came to the
1essenger of Allah and as+ed
him: GE 1essenger of Allah9
wont you tell me a%out my son
2arithahM )f he is in "aradise )
would %e #atient. )f he is not )
would cry for himH 72arithah
was +illed during the %attle of
-adr %y a stray arrow :friendly
=re,8 The 1essenger of Allah
said: G2ave you lost your mindN
)t is not one "aradise %ut many9
and your son is in the highest
one: al 0irdawsNH 7-u+hari8
D. A4' 2, .&' 2,12-' )3 04'',
>24-1 2, P+4+-21'
1(3. )%n A%%as narrated: The
1essenger of Allah said: GKhen
your %rothers were +illed at
Ihud9 Allah had the souls in the
insides of green %irds Dying on
the %an+s of the rivers of
"aradise and eating from the
fruits thereof. At night these
%irds s#end their evening in
lanterns hanging to the throne
of Allah. Khen the martyrs saw
the %lessings they were in9 they
said: GKho would convey to our
%rothers that we are living in
"aradise so they wont ignore
.ihad and sto# =ghting.H Allah
then revealed:
And never thin+ of those who
have %een +illed in the cause of
Allah as dead. /ather9 they are
alive with their Lord9 receiving
#rovision9
/e.oicing in what Allah has
%estowed on them of 2is
%ounty9 and they receive good
tidings a%out those after them
who have not yet .oined them,
that there will %e no fear
concerning them9 nor will they
grieve.
They receive good tidings of
favor from Allah and %ounty
and that Allah does not allow
the reward of %elievers to %e
lost. 7Aal )mran 1!(,1$18 7A%u
'awud : 1uslim8
E. T&'6 +4' ,). 9:,21&'- 2,
.&'24 04+='1
There is a hadith that states that
the one who dies in /i%aat would
not %e tested in their graves. )f this
occurs to the one who dies in
/i%aat then what a%out the one
who dies as a *haheed. The
interrogation of the grave is meant
to test the faith of a #erson. <ow if
the *haheed died =ghting for the
sa+e of Allah with swords Dashing
a%ove his head9 s#ears and arrows
Dying ne5t to him9 and seeing
heads and lim%s %eing cho##ed o@
: whoever sees that and then
doesn4t retreat %ut rather =ghts
until they die9 giving u# their soul
for Allah is enough as a test for his
faith.
F. T&' S&+&''- 21 19+4'- 34)*
.&' 1&)(5 )3 .&' >A); )3
.&' H)4,
1(4. *aeed %in 3u%air was as+ed
who are the ones e5cluded %y
Allah in the following verseM
And the 2orn will %e %lown9 and
whoever is in the heavens and
whoever is on the earth will fall
dead e5ce#t whom Allah willsH
7al Pumar !&8
2e said: They are the martyrs.
;veryone else dies while they
are surrounding the throne of
Allah with their swords in their
hands. 7)%n al 1u%ara+ :
-u+hari in al Ca%eer : A%u
<aeem : al Ta%ari in Tafseer :
al *ayuti says it is authentic :
al 2a+im 7al Thaha%i
authenticated it88
1(5. The 1essenger of Allah
as+ed 3i%reel a%out the ones
who are e5cluded from the
shoc+ of the 2orn. 3i%reel said
they are the martyrs. 7Al
2a+im8
4$
8. T&' S&+&''- 2,.'4('-'1 3)4
1'=',.6 )3 &21 3+*2A6
*'*>'41
1(!. <imran %in It%ah said we
went to visit Imm al 'ardaa
and we were or#hans. *he said:
G/e.oiceN ) heard my hus%and
A%u al 'ardaa say: GThe
*haheed will intercede on
%ehalf of seventy of his
relativesHG 7A%u 'awud : )%n
2a%%aan : al -ayha6i8
1<. T&' S&+&''- 3''A1 9'+(' ),
.&' D+6 )3 J:-0*',.
1($. The 1essenger of Allah
said: GRand he 7the *haheed8
feels #eace at the time of the
greatest fearH 7Ahmad : al
Ta%arani8
11. T&' >A))- )3 .&' S&+&''-
-)'1,%. -46 :,.2A &' 1''1
&21 ;2='1 2, P+4+-21'
1(&. A%dullah %in I%aidillah %in
Imair said: Khen the two
armies meet9 the women of
"aradise descend to the lower
heaven to watch the %attle. )f
they see a man steadfast they
say: GE Allah ma+e him =rmH
while if he turns his %ac+ they
turn away from him. )f he is
+illed they come down to him
and wi#e the dirt from his face.
7A%dul/aBa6 7authentic88
1?. T&' ),' ;&) -2'1 +1 +
S&+&''- 21 >'..'4 .&+, .&'
),' ;&) ;2,1 +,- 4'.:4,1
&)*' 1+3'A6
1((. 3a%ir narrates: The
a%out the %est .ihad. 2e said:
GThe %est .ihad is the one in
which your horse is slain and
your %lood is s#illedH 7)%n
2a%%aan : Ahmad : )%n A%u
*hay%ah8
200. Amr %in A%sah narrates: A
man said E 1essenger of Allah
what is )slamM 2e said9 G)slam
is the su%mission of your heart9
and that the 1uslims are safe
from your tongue and your
handsH 2e said: GKhat is the
%est of )slamMH The 1essenger
of Allah said9 G)man 70aith8H 2e
said what is faithM The
1essenger of Allah re#lied9 GTo
%elieve in Allah9 2is angels9 2is
%oo+s9 2is 1essengers9 and the
resurrection after deathH 2e
)manMH The 1essenger of Allah
said9 G2i.rahH 2e said what is
hi.rahM The 1essenger of Allah
said9 GTo leave sins %ehindH 2e
hi.rahMH The 1essenger of Allah
said9 G3ihadH 2e said what is
the %est of .ihadM The
1essenger of Allah said9 Gthe
one whose horse is +illed and
his %lood is s#illedH 7Ahmad : al
Ta%arani : al -ayha6i8
These hadiths are a clear refutation
of the claim that the one who wins
is %etter than the one who is +illed.
201. A%dullah %in I%aidillah %in
Imair said: Amr %in al Aas was
circling the Caa%ah when he
#assed %y a circle of men from
Furaish sitting down. Khen
they saw him they as+ed each
other who was %etter: Amr %in
al Aas or his %rother 2ishamM
Khen Amr =nished his tawaf he
wal+ed u# to them and said: G)
heard you say something a%out
me9 what was itMH They said:
GKe were wondering who is
%etter you or your %rother
2ishamH Amr %in al Aas said: G)
will tell you a%out that. ) was
with my %rother 2isham at
armu+ and we s#ent our night
#raying that Allah %lesses us
with martyrdom. The ne5t day
my %rother got it %ut ) didn4t.
*o you can then see that he
was %etter than meH 7)%n al
1u%ara+8
This is a clear,cut statement from
Amr that the one who is +illed is
%etter than the one who is not.
1@. T&' S&+&''- -)'1 ,). 3''A
.&' 9+2, )3 -'+.& 'I('9.
A25' + >42'3 1.2,0
*haheed feels nothing from the
agony of death e5ce#t li+e one
of you would feel from a sting
of an insectH 7Tirmithi : al
<asa4i , )%n 1a.ah : al -ayha6i
: Ahmad : al 'arimi8
203. )n 1a.moo4 al Lata4if it
mentions that a man said: GE
Allah ta+e my soul without me
feeling any #ainH Ene day while
he was wal+ing in a farm he
felt tired so he layed down to
slee#. *ome non%elievers
a##roached him and cut o@ his
head. Ene of his friends saw
him in a dream and as+ed him
a%out himself. 2e said: G) sle#t
in a farm and when ) o#ened
my eyes ) was in "aradiseNH
204. )%n al 1u%ara+ mentions a
similar story a%out two 1uslim
#risoners of war. They were
threatened %y the leader of the
non%elievers to give u# their
religion. Khen they refused he
threw them in a container that
had oil %oiling for three
consecutive days. 'ue to the
e5treme heat of the oil9 shortly
after they were thrown in it
their %ones stuc+ out from the
surface. Later on their %rother
saw them in a dream and
as+ed them a%out their
condition. They said: G)t was
only that =rst di# into the
%oiling oil and then we went
straight to al 0irdawsNH 7Al
0irdaws is the highest level of
"aradise8
14. T&' +,0'A1 (),.2,:):1A6
=212. .&' *+4.641 +,-
-'A2='4 .&'24 1+A++*1 .)
.&'*
205. A%dullah %in Amr %in al Aas
Allah said: GThe =rst com#any
to enter "aradise are the #oor
1uha.ireen who #rotected this
Immah from harm. Khen they
hear they o%ey. Ene of them
might need something from the
sultan %ut would die without
as+ing for it. En the 'ay of
3udgment Allah will call
"aradise and it would come
with all its %eauty and s#lendor.
Allah will then say: GKhere are
my servants who fought in my
cause and were +illed or
4&
harmed and made .ihad for
meM Let them enter into
"aradise without rec+oningH
The angels would then come
and #rostrate to Allah and say:
GEur Lord9 we glorify you and
#raise you day and night9 who
are these #eo#le whom you
#referred over usMH Allah will
say: GThese are the ones who
fought and were hurt in my
causeH The angels would then
visit them from every gate
saying: G*alaam to you for your
steadfastness. Khat a %lessed
dwellingH 7Ahmad : al 2a+im
1D. AAA+& 21 9A'+1'- ;2.& .&'
S&+&''-
20!. Anas narrated: *ome men
and as+ed him to send them
some teachers to teach them
Furan and *unnah. *o the
1essenger of Allah sent them
seventy of the scholars of
Furan among whom was my
uncle 2araam. These men
would recite and study Furan
during the night9 and during
the day they would fetch out
water and %ring it to the
mas.id. They would go out
logging and when they sell the
wood they %uy food for the
#oor in the mas.id. Khen the
1essenger of Allah sent them
to go and teach that tri%e the
tri%esmen +illed them all
%efore they even reached their
destination. After they were
+illed they said: GE Allah
convey to our "ro#het that we
have met you and that you are
#leased with us and we are
#leased with youH 1y uncle
was +illed %y a s#ear. Khen he
saw the s#ear go through him
he yelled: G)n the name of the
Lord of al Caa%ah9 ) have wonNH
Gour %rothers have %een
assassinated and they have
said: GE Allah convey to our
"ro#het that we have met you
and that you are #leased with
us and we are #leased with
youH 7-u+hari : 1uslim8
1E. F)4 *+4.64-)* .) >'
+(('9.'- ,) 0))- -''-1 +4'
4'C:24'- .) 94'('-' 2.
20$. Al -araa %in ABi% narrated:
A man covered in iron armor
a##roached the 1essenger of
Allah and said: GE 1essenger
of Allah9 should ) =ght or
em%race )slam =rstMH The
G;m%race )slam and then =ghtH
2e %ecame 1uslim and fought
and was +illed. The 1essenger
of Allah said: G2e did very little
%ut was rewarded a lotH
7-u+hari : 1uslim8
20&. A%u 1usa al Ash4ari
narrated: The "ro#het was in a
%attle when one of the
non%elievers as+ed for a duel.
A 1uslim went u# to him %ut
was +illed %y the non%eliever.
2e as+ed for another
challenger. Another 1uslim
went to him and was also
+illed. Then the non%eliever
and as+ed him: GKhat are you
=ghting forMH The 1essenger of
Allah said: GKe =ght #eo#le
until they testify that there is
no one worthy of worshi# other
than Allah and that 1uhammad
is the 1essenger of Allah and
that we ful=ll the rights of
AllahH The non%eliever said:
GKhat you said is admira%le. )
acce#t thatH 2e then em%raced
)slam and turned to the side of
the 1uslims =ghting with them.
2e was later +illed. *o he was
carried and %uried ne5t to the
same two 1uslims he +illed.
G)n "aradise9 there are no men
who love each other more than
theseNH 7Ta%arani 7authentic88
They love each other so much
%ecause the +illed see the one who
+illed them as the reason of
%lessing them with martyrdom.
20(. 3a%ir narrated: Ke were
with the 1essenger of Allah
during the %attle of Chai%ar
and he sent out a grou# of the
army who came %ac+ with a
she#herd. The 1essenger of
Allah s#o+e to the she#herd for
a while then the man
em%raced )slam. 2e as+ed the
1essenger of Allah: GKhat
should ) do with these shee#M
They are entrusted to me and
%elong to other #eo#le9H The
1essenger of Allah said: GTa+e
a handful of sand and throw at
them and they would head
%ac+ to their ownersH The man
then .oined the 1uslims in their
=ght and was +illed %y an
arrow. 2e didn4t have a chance
to even #ray one #rayer. The
1essenger of Allah told the
com#anions to enter his %ody
in his tent. They carried him to
the "ro#het4s tent and then the
1essenger of Allah came out
saying: GAllah has acce#ted his
)slam. Khen ) went into the
tent ) found him with his two
wives from "aradiseH 7Al 2a+im
1F. T&' S&+&''- 21 *+442'- .)
+A H))4 (.&' ;)*+, )3
P+4+-21')
Allah says: And for them are fair
women with large >%eautiful? eyes
The li+enesses of #earls well
#rotected 7al Ka6i4ah 22,238
210. The 1essenger of Allah
said in a hadith mentioning the
virtues of the *haheed: GThe
*haheedRwould %e married to
seventy two of al 2oor 7the
women of "aradise8 7Tirmithi :
A%dul/aBa6 : i%n 1a.ah
7agreea%le88
211. The 1essenger of Allah
said: GRAnd if a woman of
"aradise reveals herself to the
#eo#le of this world she would
=ll the distance %etween them
with light and her scent9 and
the scarf on her head is %etter
than the world and everything
in itH 7-u+hari8
212. A%u *aeed al Chudri
Allah said: GA man would %e
reclining in "aradise for $0
years %efore he moves. Then a
woman would come to him and
#at his shoulder. 2e would loo+
around and see her face. 2er
face is so clear he could see his
image on her chee+s and one
of her #earls would light the
distance %etween the heavens
and earth. *he would give him
salaam. 2e would then as+ her
4(
who she is. *he would say: G)
am from al 1aBidH *he would
%e dressed in $0 dresses and
he would still %e a%le to see the
marrow of her shin from
%eneath the dressesH 7)%n
2a%%aan : Ahmad : Tirmithi :
A%u a4la8
>Al 1aBid is mentioned in Furan.
Allah #romised the %elievers in
"aradise with al 1aBid. Literaly it
means GmoreH. *o it could include
any of the %onus rewards not
mentioned in Furan or *unnah?
50
CHAPTER 1@ THE RULIN!S
RE!ARDIN! MUSLIM
PO$S
Allah says: And what is the matter
with you that you =ght not in the
cause of Allah and for the
o##ressed among men9 women9
and children who say9 GEur Lord9
ta+e us out of this city of
o##ressive #eo#le and a##oint for
us from ourself a #rotector and
a##oint for us from ourself a
hel#erHM
Al Furtu%i states in his Tafseer:
Allah has mandated .ihad in order
to raise his word high and for his
religion to #revail9 and to come to
the rescue of the wea+ %elievers
even if that would lead to the loss
of lives.
0reeing the 1uslim "EKs is
mandatory9 either through =ghting
or ransom. )mam 1ali+ says:
1uslims need to free the "EKs
even if that would cost them all
their wealth.
213. A%u 1usa Al Ash4ari
Allah said: G0ree the "EKs9
feed the hungry9 and visit the
sic+H 7-u+hari8
The madha% of al *ha=4i is that
freeing the "EKs is recommended.
The madha% of )mam 1ali+ and
Ahmad is that it is com#ulsory.
)f #rivate money is #aid to free the
"EK and his #ermission was
sought then he needs to #ay it
%ac+ after he is freed. )f the money
was #aid without his +nowledge
there is a di@erence of o#inion
whether he should #ay it %ac+ or
not.
Imar %in A%dulABiB stated that if a
1uslim "EK as+s for 1uslims to
#ay for his release9 it is mandatory
for 1uslims to #ay it.
Al Furtu%i says in the Tafseer of
this verse: G-ut those who %elieved
and did not emigrate : for you
there is no guardianshi# of them
until they emigrated. And if they
see+ hel# of you for the religion9
then you must hel#9 e5ce#t against
a #eo#le %etween yourselves and
whom is a treaty. And Allah is
*eeing of what you do.H 7Al Anfal
$28
)f the %elievers who did not
emigrate from the land of the
enemy as+ the 1uslims for hel#
whether in a military of =nancial
form to release them9 it is
mandatory on the 1uslims to hel#
and it is #rohi%ited to forsa+e them.
The only e5ce#tion is if the 1uslims
are %ound %y an agreement with
the non,1uslim entity. -ut this only
holds if the withheld 1uslims are
not harmed. )f they are o##ressed
then the 1uslims need to hel#
them. )mam A%u -a+r %in al Ara%i
says: G;5ce#t if the 1uslims are
o##ressed. )n that case we need to
secure their release until not a
single eye among us %lin+s 7even if
we all die8 or we s#end all of our
wealth in the #rocess.H
These are the o#inions of 1ali+ and
all the scholars. 2ow unfortunate is
it to see today our %rothers left in
the #risons of the enemy while our
treasuries are full of money and we
are full of strength.
Imar %in A%dulABiB sent a letter to
the 1uslim "EKs in
Aonstantino#le. 2e told them: Gou
consider yourselves to %e "EK*.
ou are not. ou are loc+ed in the
cause of Allah. ) would li+e you to
+now that whenever ) give
something to the 1uslims ) give
more to your families and ) am
sending so and so with 5 dinars for
each one of you and if it wasn4t
that ) fear the /oman dictator
would ta+e it from you ) would have
sent more. ) have also sent so,and,
so to secure the release of every
single one of you regardless of
what the cost would %e. *o re.oiceN
Assalamu Alay+um.
Al <awawi considers that the ruling
on freeing the "EK is similar to the
ruling on the enemy invading a
1uslim land. )n fact he considers
freeing the "EK to %e more of a
#riority %ecause the sanctity of the
1uslim soul is greater than that of
the 1uslim land.
An e5am#le of that is when a
1uslim woman who was a "EK
with the /omans in Amooriyah was
sla##ed in the face %y a /oman.
*he then said: GKhere is al
1utassimMH 7al 1utassim was the
1uslim Chalifah8 Khen this was
related to al 1utassim he sent an
entire army to free her.
The Arusaders too+ 500 1uslim
"EKs in al /aha. *o the *ultan
)mad Aldeen Pin+i con6uered the
town and released all of its "EKs.
Khen *alahuddeen won against
the crusaders in 2itteen he
released 209000 1uslim "EKs from
the crusaders.
That was the state of the 1uslim
1u.ahideen leaders. They would
free 1uslim "EKs while ta+ing
#risoners from their enemy and
then many of these non,%elieving
"EKs would em%race )slam and
end u# =ghting with the 1uslims.
These are the ones meant %y the
1essenger of Allah in his hadith
mentioned in -u+hari: GAllah is
amaBed with #eo#le who enter
"aradise in chainsNH Khich means
that some non%elievers are
%rought in chains as "EKs and
then they %elieved in Allah. *o it is
as if these chains %rought them to
)slamN
51
CHAPTER 14 THE HISTORY OF
JIHAD
T&' >+..A'1 )3 .&' M'11',0'4
)3 AAA+& +,- .&' M:1A2*1
+3.'4 &2*
)mam A%u A%dullah al 2aleemi in
his %oo+ *hu4a% al )man 7The
%ranches of faith8 says:
The "ro#het had di@erent stages
with the non%elievers %efore .ihad
was #rescri%ed.
)t %egan with the revelation of
G/ecite in the name of your
Lord who createdH 7al Ala6 18
Then Allah instructed him to
convey the message: GE you
who covers himself. Arise and
warnH 7al 1uddathir 1,28
Khen he conveyed the
message and they %elied him9
Allah commanded him to %e
#atient with them: GAnd %e
#atient over what they say and
avoid them with gracious
avoidanceH 7Al 1uBBamil 108
Khen a %ase was #rovided in
1adinah9 Allah commanded the
%elievers to ma+e hi.rah
7emigrate8 from 1a++ah to
1adinah: GAnd whoever
emigrates for the cause of
Allah will =nd on the earth
many >alternative? locations
and a%undanceH 7 Al <isa 1008
Khen they made hi.rah they
were given #ermission to =ght:
G"ermission >to =ght? has %een
given to those who are %eing
fought9 %ecause they were
wronged. And indeed9 Allah is
com#etent to give them
victoryH 7Al 2a.. 3(8
Then they were instructed to
=ght whoever =ghts them:
G0ight in the way of Allah those
who =ght you %ut do not
transgress. )ndeed Allah does
not li+e transgressorsH 7Al
-a6arah 1(08
They were later on ordered to
=ght all the non%elievers
surrounding them: GE you who
have %elieved9 =ght those
ad.acent to you of the
dis%elievers and let them =nd
in you harshness. And +now
that Allah is with the righteousH
7Al Taw%ah 1238
Allah told them that =ghting is
#rescri%ed on them and is
com#ulsory: G0ighting has %een
en.oined u#on you while it is
hateful to you. -ut #erha#s you
hate a thing and it is good for
youO and #erha#s you love a
thing and it is %ad for you. And
Allah +nows9 while you +now
notH 7Al -a6arah 21!8
Allah also told them that
=ghting is a covenant %etween
them and Allah: G)ndeed9 Allah
has #urchased from the
%elievers their lives and their
#ro#erties >in e5change? for
that they will have "aradise.
They =ght in the cause of Allah9
so they +ill and are +illed. >)t is?
a true #romise >%inding? u#on
2im in the Torah and the
Los#el and the Furan. And who
is truer to his covenant than
AllahM *o re.oice in your
transaction9 which you have
contracted. And it is that which
is the great attainment.H 7Al
Taw%a 1118
*o when Allah #rescri%ed .ihad9
acce#ting it and following it
%ecame #art and #arcel of
)man. The contract is that
whoever +ills the non%elievers
is rewarded with "aradise and
whomever the non%elievers +ill
is rewarded with "aradise. )f
you acce#t this contract and
you wanted "aradise then you
must ful=ll your #art of the
agreement and that is giving
your soul and wealth to Allah.
The value of the merchandise is
de#endent on three elements:
The %uyer: A no%le %uyer would
only %uy valua%le merchandise
The salesman: A no%le
salesman would not negotiate
an invalua%le sale.
And the #rice: An e5#ensive
#rice is not #aid for worthless
merchandise.
*o what is the itemM )t4s the
%eliever4s soul. Loo+ at the value
Allah #ut on your soul. 2e is the
%uyer9 1uhammad is the salesman
and the #rice is "aradise. That is
the greatest honor for the
%elievers. The only condition Allah
#laced on receiving the #rice9
"aradise9 is for you to =ght in the
cause of Allah with your soul and
wealth: G. They =ght in the cause of
Allah9 so they +ill and are +illedH.
Allah even recorded the contract
for you: Ga true #romise >%inding?
u#on 2im in the Torah and the
Los#el and the FuranH *o the
contract is not documented once9
%ut there are three documents: The
Furan9 Los#el and Torah.
*cholars di@ered on the e5act
num%er of %attles the 1essenger
went out with himself. )n 1uslim
3a%ir states: GThe 1essenger of
Allah fought in twenty one %attlesH
Paid mentions nineteen while )%n
)shaa6 mentions twenty,seven:
1. AA A>;+%
This occurred in *afar 1 hi.ri and no
=ghting occurred.
?. B:;++.
/a%i al Awal 2 hi.ri
@. AA A1&''4+&
3umada al Iwla 2 hi.ri
4. T&' /41. >+..A' )3 B+-4
Eccurred a few days after al
Asheerah
D. T&' *+B)4 >+..A' )3 B+-4
This was the great %attle9 which
honored )slam and humiliated the
in=dels. )t was one of the greatest
days for the 1uslims. )t occurred
the morning of the 1$
th
of /amadan
2 hi.ri. A little over 310 *aha%ah
#artici#ated in it.
Al -araa said the *aha%ah of the
1essenger of Allah told me that the
num%er of 1uslims in the %attle of
-adr was the same as the num%er
of =ghters in the army of Taloot.H
The enemy was 1000 strong.
Khen the 1essenger of Allah heard
of the caravan carrying a huge
amount of wealth %elonging to
Furaish he encouraged his
*aha%ah to con=scate it. They
missed the caravan %ut ended u#
meeting an army of Furaish that
rushed to the defense of their
caravan. The %attle started with
three men of Furaish =ghting one
on one with 2amBah9 Ali9 and
I%aydah %in Al 2arith. All three
men of Furaish were +illed. The
1essenger of Allah then
straightened the ran+s of the army.
2e was wal+ing in front of the
ran+s with a #iece of wood in his
hand and when he saw a man
named *awad stic+ing out of the
ran+ he #ushed him %ac+ in his
chest with the #iece of wood in his
hand. *awad said: Gou have hurt
me E 1essenger of AllahN Let me
ta+e revengeNH The 1essenger of
Allah said: GLo aheadNH *awad
.um#ed and hugged the 1essenger
of Allah and +issed him. The
52
1essenger of Allah as+ed him:
GKhy did you do that *awadMH 2e
said: GAom%at is near so ) wanted
the last thing ) do is to touch youH
Then the 1essenger of Allah went
aside and started su##licated. 2e
said: GE Allah if you allow this %and
to %e destroyed you wont %e
worshi#ed after this dayNH A%u -a+r
said: G;nough of as+ing Allah. Allah
has #romised you and will ful=ll his
#romise.H The 1essenger of Allah a
little later said: G/e.oice A%u -a+rN
The victory of Allah is nearN 2ere
comes 3i%reel riding his horseH
Allah says a%out that day:
G>/emem%er? when your Lord
ins#ired the angels9 G) am with you9
so strengthen those who have
%elieved. ) will cast terror into the
hearts of those who dis%elieved9 so
stri+e u#on the nec+s and stri+e
from them every =ngerti#H 7Al
Anfal 128 7-u+hari8
The %attle was .oined %y 5000
angels led %y 3i%reel himself.
214. /ifa4ah narrated: 3i%reel
and told him9 GKhat do you
consider the #eo#le of -adr to
%e among youMH 2e said9 GKe
consider them to %e the %est of
1uslimsH 3i%reel said: GAnd
that4s what we consider the
angels who attended it to %eH
*eventy of the in=dels were
+illed and seventy were ta+en
#risoners.
Allah says: GAnd already had
Allah given you victory at -adr
while you were wea+. Then fear
AllahO #erha#s you will %e
gratefulH 7Aal )mran 1238
7-u+hari8
E. B+,2 S:A+6* I
*even days after returning from
-adr the 1essenger of Allah
attac+ed -anu *ulaym %ut no
=ghting occurred. 2e cam#ed in
their land for three days and then
returned to 1adinah.
F. B+,: Q+6,:C+%
Eccurred on a *aturday during the
month of *hawwaal9 20 months
after hi.rah. -anu Faynu6a4 were
the =rst 3ews to %etray the
1essenger of Allah. Thus9 he laid
siege to their forts. -ut Allah cast
fear into their hearts so they
surrendered. Their ally9 the head of
the hy#ocrites9 A%dullah %in I%ayy
a##ealed for them so the
1essenger of Allah allowed them to
vacate 1adinah safely %ut that all
of their land and #ro#erty %e
turned over to the 1uslims.
8. AA S:;+6C
En the 5
th
of 'hul 2i..ah 2 hi.ri the
1essenger of Allah left 1adinah in
#ursuit of a caravan of Furaish led
%y A%u *ufyan. Khen A%u *ufyan
learned of that he esca#ed9 thus9
no =ghting occurred.
8. !&+.+3+,
2a##ened in the land of <a.d in
/a%i al Awwal 3 hi.ri. The
1essenger of Allah led an army of
450 %ut no =ghting occurred.
1<. B+,: S:A+6* II
The 1essenger of Allah attac+ed
the land of -anu *ulaym %ut for a
second time the enemy did not
come out to =ght. The 1essenger
of Allah stayed in their land for two
months.
11. U&:-
)t ha##ened in *hawwaal 3 hi.ri.
The 1uslim army was $00. The
enemy was 3000.
The %anner of the Furaish was
entrusted to the family of A%u
Talhah. -efore the %attle started
the %anner was with Talhah %in A%i
Talhah. 2e as+ed for a duel so Ali
went to face him and +illed him.
The %anner was then carried %y his
%rother Ithman who was +illed %y
2amBah. Then his %rother *aad
carried it and was +illed %y *aad
%in A%i Ka66aas. Then it was
carried %y A%u Talhah4s grandson
1usa=h who was +illed %y Aasim
%in Tha%it. Then it was carried %y
his %rother Culaa% who was +illed
%y al Pu%air %in al Awwaam. Then it
was carried %y his %rother 3alaas
who was in turn +illed %y Talhah %in
I%aidillah. Then it was carried %y
their relative *harha%eel %in
Arta4ah and was +illed %y Ali. The
%anner was then left on the ground
after $ men from the same family
where +illed.
Khen the %anner fell down9 with it
came the defeat of Furaish and
they %egan their retreat. -ut
%ecause the archers on the
mountain diso%eyed the clear
orders of the 1essenger of Allah
and left their #ost9 Chalid %in al
Kaleed and )+rimah %in A%u 3ahl
too+ advantage of that and
am%ushed the 1uslims who
thought the %attle was over. )t was
in the %attle of Ihud that 2amBah
the uncle of the 1essenger of Allah
was +illed. 2e is the greatest of the
*huhada4.
The day of Ihud was a trial for the
1uslims.
1?. H+*4+% +A A1+-
Eccurred on *unday the 1!
th
of
*hawwaal 3 hi.ri immediately
following Ihud. The 1essenger of
Allah mo%iliBed the 1uslims to go
out and chase the army of Furaish
to show to them that even though
they lost Ihud they are still
ca#a%le of =ghting. Khen A%u
*ufyan heard of the move of the
1uslims he hastened to 1a++ah to
avoid com%at. <o =ghting occurred.
1@. B+,: +A N+-&''4
)t ha##ened 5 months after Ihud in
/a%i al Awwal 4 hi.ri. This was a
3ewish tri%e in 1adinah that %ro+e
its agreement with the 1essenger
of Allah so he attac+ed them and
laid siege to their #owerful
fortresses. <evertheless9 Allah cast
fear in their hearts and they
surrendered. *imilar to what
ha##ened in -anu Faynu6a49
A%dullah %in I%ayy a##ealed for
them so the 1essenger of Allah
agreed to have them vacate
1adinah with only a load of one
animal to carry with them.
;verything else was to %e turned
over to the 1uslims including all
their money and arms. They
relocated to Chai%ar and other
areas.
14. T&+. +A R2CC++%
Eccurred in 3umada al Iwla 4 hi.ri.
)t was named Gthat al
/i66aa4H7which means the %attle of
the ragsH %ecause the shoes of the
1uslims where tearing a#art and
their feet were %leeding so they
ended u# ra##ing #ieces of their
clothes over their feet. The
1essenger of Allah attac+ed the
land of <a.d %ut no =ghting
occurred.
1D. T&' *2,)4 >+..A' )3 B+-4
)t ha##ened in *ha%aan 4 hi.ri. The
1essenger of Allah went to -adr to
meet A%u *ufyan and Furaish at an
a##ointed time. 2e went with 1500
=ghters. A%u *ufyan made it half
way %ut then decided to go %ac+ to
1a++ah.
1E. D+;*+. +A J+,-+A
'awmat al 3andal is at the southern
ti#s of the land of al *haam. )t is a
53
town surrounded %y an
im#regna%le wall. The 1essenger
of Allah attac+ed it when he heard
that the non%elievers are gathering
an army to invade 1adinah. 2e
marched towards them in an army
of 1000. 2e would move at night
and hide during the day. Khen the
enemy heard of his move they
feared him and ended u#
dis#ersing. *o when the 1essenger
of Allah arrived in their territory
none of them came out to =ght. 2e
attac+ed their she#herds and
con=scated some of their cattle
and sent out detachments to
di@erent areas and then returned.
1F. AA K&+,-+C
Eccurred in *hawwaal 5 hi.ri.
Furaish came headed %y A%u
*ufyan. -ani 0aBarah were headed
%y Iyaynah %in 2isn. -ani 1urah
headed %y al 2arith %in Awf. )n
addition to Lhatafan9 and Ash.a4
and they all converged on 1adinah
in an army of 5000.
Khen the 1essenger of Allah
received news of the armies he
consulted with the *aha%ah and
that is when *alman al 0arisi
suggested digging the trench which
was a novel idea to Ara% warfare.
The trench was com#leted in a little
over 10 days. The 1uslims were
3000. The coalition army laid siege
to 1adina for over 20 days. 'uring
that time <u4aym %in 1asood9 a
#rominent mem%er of the coalition
came to the 1essenger of Allah to
announce his )slam. The 1essenger
of Allah told him to +ee# his )slam
secret and to go %ac+ among the
enemy and =ght them from within.
2e told him: G)f you remain with us
you are only one man. -ut go %ac+
to them and wea+en them from
within as much as you can %ecause
war is dece#tionH <aeem
im#lemented this advice very well.
2e went %ac+ to the leaders of the
3ewish tri%e of -anu Furaydhah
7who were #art of the attac+ing
coalition8 and told them that they
made a mista+e in %rea+ing their
#iece agreement with the 1uslims.
2e told them that the coalition
army would eventually leave and
go %ac+ to their lands and leave
you here in 1adinah to face the
wrath of the 1uslims. 2e said
therefore ) suggest that you refuse
to =ght on the coalition side until
they hand over to you some of
their #rominent men as hostages to
insure their good faith.
<aeem left the 3ews and went to
A%u *ufyan and the Ara% leaders
and told them that he came to give
them advice. 2e said that the 3ews
have regretted their %etrayal of
1uhammad and they instead
cons#ired with him to hand over
some of your #rominent men in
order to have them +illed as a
retri%ution for their %etrayal of
their #iece agreement with him. 2e
said if the 3ews come to you as+ing
for hostages do not give them any.
En 0riday night A%u *ufyan sent to
the 3ews as+ing them to attac+
from their #ositions on *aturday
and they9 the Ara%s9 will attac+ on
*unday. The sent %ac+ saying that
we fear you would forsa+e us and
leave us alone to deal with the
1uslims so we demand you to send
over to us some of your no%le men
to stay with us as a #ledge to
insure your involvement in the war
until the end. Khen A%u *ufyan
heard that he said this is what
<aeem warned us: The 3ews have
cons#ired with 1uhammad against
us. Khen he refused9 the 3ews said
this is what <aeem warned us: The
Ara%s are going to withdraw and
leave us alone to =ght with the
1uslims. A dis#ute %ro+e %etween
the 3ews and Ara%s and they ended
u# cursing each other and the
coalition %ro+e.
Aredit for that goes to one man:
<aeem %in 1asood.
Allah sent on them a violent wind
that u#lifted their tents9 and
e5tinguished their =re. Khen the
1essenger of Allah heard of the
%rea+ of the coalition he sent over
2uthaifah to s#y on them and
convey their news %ac+ to him.
2uthaifah went until he reached
the center of their cam# and
witnessed their retreat and the end
of the %attle of the trench.
Allah says a%out their defeat: GAnd
Allah re#elled those who
dis%elieved9 in their rage9 not
having o%tained any good. And
suJcient was Allah for the
%elievers in %attle9 and ever is
Allah "owerful and ;5alted in
1ightH 7al AhBaa% 258
18. B+,: Q:4+6-&+&
)t occurred immediately following
the withdrawal of the non%elievers
in the %attle of the trench. At
noontime 3i%reel came to
1uhammad and said: G2ave you
laid down your armsM The angels
are still carrying theirsN Allah is
commanding you to march towards
-anu Furaydhah9 and will go ahead
of you to trem%le themNH
Allah sent out his announcement to
the *aha%ah: GKhoever %elieves in
Allah and the Last day should not
#ray Asr e5ce#t at -anu
FuraydhahH The 1uslims set out in
an army of 3000 on the $
th
of 'hul
Fidah 5 hi.ri. The 1essenger of
Allah laid siege to -anu Furaydhah
for 25 days until he e5hausted
them and fear was cast in their
hearts. They eventually agreed to
surrender according to whatever
terms their former ally 7%efore
)slam8 *aad %in 1uadh would see
a##ro#riate. *aad was already
%itter due to their %etrayel of the
1essenger of Allah at a critical
moment. *o the terms of *aad
were that all of their men of
=ghting age should %e e5ecuted9
their women and children %e
enslaved9 and their wealth %e
distri%uted among the 1uslims as a
reward for their treason of the
)slamic state headed %y the
1essenger of Allah which they
were citiBens of. The 1essenger of
Allah was #leased with the ruling of
*aad and he told him: Gou have
ruled among them with the ruling
of Allah from a%ove the seven
heavensH
The 1uslims held the =ghting men
of the 3ews who were %etween &00
and (00. They dug a trench in the
mar+et of 1adinah. The 1essenger
of Allah instructed that they %e
%rought to the mar+et9 e5ecuted %y
%eheading9 and then %uryied in the
trench. That was the end of -anu
Furaydhah. The %elievers inherited
they land and wealth.
18. B+,: L+&6+,
Eccurred in /a%i al Awwal ! hi.ri.
-anu Lahyan are the ones who
+illed the $0 scholars of Furan who
were sent to teach them. The
1essenger of Allah went to ta+e
revenge for them. -anu Lahyan ran
away so no =ghting occurred.
?<. D&: Q24-
)t occurred in ! hi.ri according to
)%n )shaa6. 2owever -u+hari and
1uslim state that it occurred in the
%eginning of $ hi.ri.
215. *alamah %in al A+wa
narrates: Then we moved
returning to 1edina9 and halted
at a #lace where there was a
mountain %etween us and -anu
54
Lihyan9 who were #olytheists.
The 1essenger of Allah 7may
#eace %e u#on him8 as+ed
Lod4s forgiveness for one who
ascended the mountain at
night to act as a scout for the
Aom#anions. ) ascended 7that
mountain8 twice or thrice that
night. 7At last8 we reached
1edina. The 1essenger of Allah
7may #eace %e u#on him8 sent
his camels with his slave9
/a%ah9 and ) was with him. )
7also8 went to the #asture with
the horse of Talhah along with
the camels.
Khen the day dawned9 A%d al,
/ahman al,0aBari made a raid
and drove away all the camels
of the 1essenger of Allah 7may
#eace %e u#on him89 and +illed
the man who loo+ed after
them. ) said: /a%ah9 ride this
horse9 ta+e it to Talhah %.
SI%aidillah and )nform the
%e u#on him8 that the
#olytheists have made away
with his camels. Then ) stood
u#on a hilloc+ and turning my
face to 1edina9 shouted thrice:
Aome to our hel#. Then ) set
out in #ursuit of the raiders9
shooting at them with arrows
and chanting #oetry:
) am the son of al,A+wa4
for the mean.
) would overta+e a man from
them9 shoot at him an arrow
that would reach his shoulder.
And ) would say: Ta+e it9
chanting at the same time the
verse
And ) am the son of al,A+wa4
for the mean.
-y Lod9 ) continued shooting at
them and hamstringing their
animals. Khenever a horseman
turned u#on me9 ) would come
to a tree and 7hid myself8
sitting at its %ase. Then ) would
shoot at him and hamstring his
horse. 7At last8 they entered a
narrow mountain gorge. )
ascended that mountain and
held them at %ay throwing
stones at them. ) continued to
chase them in this way until )
got all the camels of the
%e u#on him8 released and no
camel was left with them. They
left meO then ) followed them
shooting at them 7continually8
until they dro##ed more than
thirty mantles and thirty
lances9 lightening their %urden.
En everything they dro##ed9 )
#ut a mar+ with the hel# of 7a
#iece of8 stone so that the
Aom#anions might recogniBe
them 7that it was %ooty left %y
the enemy8. 7They went on8
until they came to a narrow
valley when so and so9 son of
-adr al,0aBari .oined them.
They 7now8 sat down to ta+e
their %rea+fast and ) sat on the
to# of a ta#ering roc+. Al,0aBari
said: Kho is that fellow ) am
seeingM They said: This fellow
has harassed us. -y Lod9 he
has not left us since dus+ and
has %een 7continually8 shooting
at us until he has snatched
everything from our hands. 2e
said: 0our of you should ma+e a
dash at him 7and +ill him8.
7Accordingly89 four of them
ascended the mountain coming
towards me. Khen it %ecame
#ossi%le for me to tal+ to them9
) said: 'o you recogniBe meM
They said: <o. Kho are youM )
said: ) am *alama9 son of al,
A+wa4. -y the -eing Kho has
honored the countenance of
u#on him8 ) can +ill any of you )
li+e %ut none of you will %e a%le
to +ill me. Ene of them said: )
thin+ 7he is right8. *o they
returned. ) did not move from
my #lace until ) saw the
horsemen of the 1essenger of
Allah 7may #eace %e u#on
him89 who came riding through
the trees. LoN The foremost
among them was A+hram al,
Asadi.
-ehind him was A%u Fatadah
al,Ansari and %ehind him was
al,1i6dad %. al,Aswad al,Cindi. )
caught hold of the rein of
A+hram4s horse 7*eeing this8.
They 7the raiders8 Ded. ) said
7to A+hram8: A+hram9 guard
yourself against them until
Allah4s 1essenger 7may #eace
Aom#anions .oin you. 2e said:
*alama9 if you %elieve )n Allah
and the 'ay of 3udgment and
7if8 you +now that "aradise is a
reality and 2ell is a reality9 you
should not stand %etween me
and martyrdom. *o ) let him go.
A+hram and A%d al,/ahman
70aBari8 met in com%at. A+hram
hamstrung A%d al,/ahman4s
horse and the latter struc+ him
with his lance and +illed him.
A%d al,/ahman turned a%out
riding A+hram4s horse. A%u
Fatadah9 a horseman of the
%e u#on him89 met SA%d al,
/ahman 7in com%at89 smote
him with his lance and +illed
him. -y the -eing Kho honored
the countenance of 1uhammad
7may #eace %e u#on him89 )
followed them running on my
feet 7so fast8 that ) couldn4t see
%ehind me the Aom#anions of
u#on him89 nor any dust raised
%y their horses. 7) followed
them8 until %efore sunset they
reached a valley which had a
s#ring of water9 which was
called 'hu Farad9 so that they
could have a drin+9 for they
were thirsty. They saw me
running towards them. ) turned
them out of the valley %efore
they could drin+ a dro# of its
water. They left the valley and
ran down a slo#e. ) ran 7%ehind
them89 overtoo+ a man from
them9 shot him with an arrow
through the shoulder %lade and
said: Ta+e this. ) am the son of
al,A+wa4O and today is the day
of annihilation for the #eo#le
who are mean. The fellow 7who
was wounded8 said: 1ay his
mother wee# over himN Are you
the A+wa4 who has %een
chasing us since morningM )
said: es9 E enemy of thyself9
the same A+wa4. They left two
horses dead tired on the hilloc+
and ) came dragging them
along to the 1essenger of Allah
7may #eace %e u#on him8. )
met SAmir who had with him a
container having mil+ diluted
with water and a container
having water. ) #erformed
a%lution with the water and
dran+ the mil+. Then ) came to
the 1essenger of Allah 7may
#eace %e u#on him8 while he
was at 7the s#ring of8 water
from which ) had driven them
away. The 1essenger of Allah
7may #eace %e u#on him8 had
ca#tured those camels and
everything else ) had ca#tured
55
and all the lances and mantles
) had snatched from the
#olytheists and -ilal had
slaughtered a she,camel from
the camels ) had seiBed from
the #eo#le9 and was roasting
its liver and hum# for the
%e u#on him8. ) said:
1essenger of Allah9 let me
select from our #eo#le one
hundred men and ) will follow
the marauders and ) will =nish
them all so that no%ody is left
to convey the news 7of their
destruction to their #eo#le8. 7At
these words of mine89 the
%e u#on him8 laughed so much
that his molar teeth could %e
seen in the light of the =re9 and
he said: *alama9 do you thin+
you can do thisM ) said: es9 %y
the -eing Kho has honored
you. 2e said: <ow they have
reached the land of Lhatafan
where they are %eing feted. 7At
this time8 a man from the
Lhatafan came along and said:
*o and so slaughtered a camel
for them. Khen they were
e5#osing its s+in9 they saw dust
7%eing raised far o@8. They
said: They 7A+wa4 and his
com#anions8 have come. *o
they went away Deeing.
Khen it was morning9 the
%e u#on him8 said: Eur %est
horseman today is A%u
Fatadah and our %est footman
today is *alama. Then he gave
me two shares of the %ooty,the
share meant for the horseman
and the share meant for the
footman9 and com%ined %oth of
them for me. 7Ahmad : 1uslim8
)n the re6uest of *alamah to
send with him one hundred of
the com#anions is an evidence
of the immense num%er of the
enemy otherwise he wouldn4t
re6uest such a num%er.
71uslim : Ahmad8
?1. B+,2 +A M:1.+A+C
)%n )shaa6 claims that it occurred in
! hi.ri. The head of the tri%e al
2arith %in A%i 'hirar was forming
an army to =ght the 1uslims. The
1essenger of Allah attac+ed them
7they lived on the coast of the /ed
*ea8. They e5changed arrows for a
while %efore the 1uslims charged
and defeated them. *ome were
+illed while others were ta+en as
#risoners and the 1uslims won a
large %ooty of shee# and camels.
The 1essenger of Allah married
3uwairyah the daughter of their
leader al 2arith.
??. AA H:-+6>2+&
)t was in 'hul Fidah ! hi.ri. The
1essenger of Allah headed for
Imrah with 1400 of his *aha%ah
with no intention of =ghting.
2owever9 the #eo#le of Furaish
refused to allow him access to
1a++ah. 2e sent to them Ithman
%in A@aan to negotiate with them.
A false rumor reached the
1essenger of Allah that Ithman
was +illed so he too+ a #ledge from
the *aha%ah to die. ;ventually
after long negotiations a truce was
signed %etween the 1essenger of
Allah and Furaish. The one who
re#resented the #eo#le of Furaish
in the negotiations was *uhail %in
Amr.
?@. K&+2>+4
After the return of the 1essenger
of Allah from al 2uday%iah he
stayed in 1adinah 'hul
2i..ah and #art of 1uharram and
then marched towards the last
community of 3ews living in the
2i..aaB: Chai%ar.
Chai%ar was made of a few strong
fortresses. Khen the 1uslims
arrived there the 3ewish +ing
1arha% came out as+ing for a duel.
Amir %in al A+wa went out to face
him. 1arha% struc+ Amir and his
sword got stuc+ in Amr4s shield. )n
the same time Amr hit himself with
his own sword and died. *alamah9
his %rother9 heard some of the
*aha%ah saying that Amr has lost
all of his deeds since he +illed
himself so he went to the
1essenger of Allah crying and said:
G'id my %rother lose all of his
deedsH The 1essenger of Allah
re#lied: GKho said thatMH 2e said:
G*ome of your com#anionsH The
1essenger of Allah said: G<o9 they
are wrong. our %rother gets
dou%le the rewardH
After 1arha% +illed Amr he as+ed
for another challenger. The
1essenger of Allah said: GKho
would go out to this manMH
1uhammad %in 1aslamah said: G)
would. ) am the angry avenger.
1arha% +illed my %rother
yesterdayNH The 1essenger of Allah
said: GThen goN 1ay Allah hel# you
against himH Khen 1uhammad
met with 1arha% a tree came in
their way and each one of them
would use it to see+ #rotection
from the other4s stri+es and with
every stri+e some of its %ranches
and leaves would %e cut until none
of them were left. Then 1arha%
charged and struc+ him with his
sword. 1uhammad shielded
himself and 1arha%4s sword was
stuc+ in the shield and he failed to
#ull it out. 1uhammad too+
advantage of that and cut o@ %oth
his legs and left him. 1arha%
%egged 1uhammad to +ill him %ut
1uhammad refused. 2e said: G)
wont. ) want you to taste death li+e
my %rother didH and he wal+ed
away. Later on Ali #assed %y
1arha% and =nished him o@. Khen
1arha% was +illed9 his %rother asir
as+ed for a duel. Al Pu%air %in al
Awwaam went to face him.
*afeeah9 al Pu%air4s mother and
the ant of the 1essenger of Allah9
said: G1y son would %e +illedNH The
1essenger of Allah said: G)nsha
Allah your son would +ill himH and
he did.
The 1essenger of Allah o#ened
Chai%ar. Their =ghting men were
+illed9 their women and children
enslaved and their wealth was
a##ro#riated.
?4. T&' )9',2,0 )3 M+55+&
Eccurred in /amadan & hi.ri. The
1essenger of Allah entered 1a++ah
with an army of 129000 with no
=ghting e5ce#t for a few s+irmishes
and it was a day of forgiveness. En
that day he announced clemency
for the #eo#le of Furaish who had
fought him for over 20 years.
?D. H:,+2,
Eccurred immediately after the
o#ening of 1a++ah. The leader of
2awaaBin9 1ali+ %in Awf9
assem%led a huge army from
2awaaBin9 Tha6eef9 <adhr9 3ithm9
and *aad %in -a+r. The 1essenger
of Allah went out to =ght them.
Khen the 1uslims where #assing
through the valley of 2unain9 they
were am%ushed %y the enemy. The
entire 1uslim army went into
disarray and they Ded with the
e5ce#tion of small num%er of
*aha%ah who surrounded the
1essenger of Allah. The 1essenger
of Allah told his uncle al A%%aas9
who had a loud voice9 to call the
Ansar. They came from every
direction and fought ferociously.
After a short while the enemy was
5!
defeated. The %ooty was 249000
camels9 409000 shee#9 and a large
amount of silver.
?E. AA T+23
)t was during *hawwaal & hi.ri.
After the defeat of Tha6eef during
the %attle of 2unain they went
%ac+ to their town al Taif and
closed its gates. The 1essenger of
Allah followed them and cam#ed
close %y9 laying a severe siege on
them. The #eo#le of Tha6eef
attac+ed the 1uslims with a rain of
arrows. Khen it %ecame a##arent
that Tha6eef wont fall easily9 the
1essenger of Allah sought council
from his *aha%ah. <awfal said:
GTha6eef are li+e a fo5 in hole. )f
stay at it you will get it and if you
leave it9 it won4t harm you9H The
1essenger of Allah told Imar to
announce to the army that we will
leave.
?F. T+>))5
Eccurred in /a.a% ( hi.ri. This was
the last army the 1essenger of
Allah #artici#ates in. The
1essenger of Allah marched into
/oman territory when he heard
that they are gathering an army to
attac+ 1adinah. The 1uslims made
their move in a very diJcult time.
)t was a year of draught9 and
#overty. )t was right %efore the
time of harvest9 and it was during
hot season. The hy#ocrites stayed
%ehind and their hy#ocrisy was
e5#osed in *urah al Taw%ah. The
1uslims assem%led an army of
309000 strong. The largest army
ever assem%led %y the 1essenger
of Allah. 'ue to #overty some
*aha%ah came to the 1essenger of
Allah urging him to su##ly them in
order for them to .oin the army.
Khen he told them that he has no
=nances for them9 they left with
tears Dowing from their eyes for
not %eing a%le to .oin the army. The
/oman em#eror was stationed in
2ims at the time in order to
#re#are for war. 2e assem%led an
army of /omans and Ahristian
Ara%s. Khen they heard of the
1uslim army they decided not to
=ght. The 1essenger of Allah
waited in Ta%oo+ for ten days.
Khen the /omans did not show u#
he returned to 1adinah after he
esta%lished his #resence in the
lower #arts of al *ham and
northern Ara%ia.
>These are the %attles that the
1essenger of Allah #artici#ated in
#ersonally. The sheer num%er of
them reveals the great attention
the 1essenger of Allah gave to
3ihad. The average comes out to %e
almost three %attles #er yearN
These are the %attles he
#artici#ated in #ersonly. The list of
armies that he sent out from
1adinah without him .oining in
follows ne5t?
T&' +4*2'1 1',. >6 .&'
M'11',0'4 )3 AAA+&
The 1essenger of Allah
#artici#ated in all the a%ove,
mentioned %attles himself. -ut he
also sent out many armies headed
%y his com#anions. The most
im#ortant and greatest of these is
the army sent to 1u4tah:
1. T&' B+..A' )3 M:%.+&
)t occurred in 3umada al Iwla &
hi.ri. )t was army of 3000 headed
%y Paid %in 2arithah. They headed
for al -al6a in al *haam. The
1essenger of Allah gave his
instructions to the army: if Paid is
+illed then 3aafar %in A%i Tali% ta+es
charge and if he is +illed then
A%dullah %in /awahah leads. Khen
they reached 1a4aan in #resent
day 3ordan they heard that the
/oman em#eror has mo%iliBed an
army of 1009000 /oman soldiers in
addition to another 1009000 Ara%
tri%esmen. 'ue to the sheer
num%ers of the enemy some
1uslims suggested writing to the
1essenger of Allah to may%e send
them reinforcements or give them
a di@erent order. -ut A%dullah %in
/awahah said: GE #eo#le9 what you
are fearing is what you came for in
the =rst #lace: 1artyrdom. Ke do
not =ght our enemy with our
num%ers or our e6ui#ment %ut we
=ght them with this religion9 which
Allah honored us with. *o lets =ghtN
-oth our o#tions are great: )t is
either going to %e victory or
martyrdomNH This encouraged the
1uslims and they decided to go
ahead and meet the enemy. 3000
faced 2009000.
A%u 2urairah said: GKhen the
enemy4s army a##roached we saw
what none of us could imagine in
num%ers and arms. 1y eyes
6uivered. Tha%it %in A6ram told
me: GA%u 2urairah it seems that
you are staring at a huge armyMH )
said: GesH 2e said: Gou were not
with us at -adr. Ke did not win due
to our num%ersH
A violent %attle eru#ted. The head
of the 1uslim army : Paid , was
+illed. The leader following him was
3aafar. 2is right hand carrying the
%anner was cut o@ so he carried it
with his left hand which was then
cut. 2e then hugged it with what
was left of %oth arms until he was
+illed. The third leader A%dullah %in
/awahah too+ charge. A cousin of
his gave him a #iece of dried meat
to eat and told him: G*trengthen
yourself with this. ou have went
through a lot this dayNH 2e gra%%ed
it and too+ a %ite. Then he told
himself: Gou are still in this worldNH
and threw the #iece of meat away
and fought until he was +illed. The
three successive leaders a##ointed
%y the 1essenger of Allah fell dead.
*o Paid %in A6ram held the %anner
and told the 1uslims to agree on a
leader. They said: GouH 2e said:
G<o. 0ind someone elseH They
chose Chalid %in al Kaleed. 2e
fought for a while and then #lanned
a retreat and decided to go %ac+ to
1adinah.
Khile the %attle was still running9
hundreds of miles away the
1essenger of Allah said: GPaid held
the %anner and was +illed. Then
the %anner was carried %y 3aafar
who was also +illed and then it was
carried %y A%dullah %in /awahah
who was also +illed. Then the
%anner was carried %y a sword
from Allah and o#ening would
occur on his handsH
Kas 1u4tah a defeat or a victoryM
*ome considered it to %e a defeat9
some considered it to %e neither a
defeat nor a victory9 while many
scholars considered 1u4tah to %e a
victory for the 1uslims. Among
these are al Ka6idi9 al -ayha6i9
and )%n Cathir. Al Ka6idi says when
Chalid %ecame the leader he fought
for the rest of the day and then
during their rest at night he had
the 1uslim army recon=gure so he
had the left Dan+ move to the right
and vise versa. *o the ne5t day
when the /omans saw the change
they thought that the 1uslims had
received reinforcements. They then
retreated and Chalid too+
advantage of that and retreated as
well.
)n -u+hari Chalid %in al Kaleed
says: G'uring the %attle of 1u4tah
5$
nine swords %ro+e in my hand. Enly
a emeni =rm sword a had survived
on that dayH
>1uslims are allowed to retreat if
the ratio is 1 to 2. )n 1u4tah the
ratio was almost 1 to !$N?
Ether armies the 1essenger of
Allah sent headed %y his
com#anions:
2. The detachment led %y
I%aydah %in al 2arith of !0
1uha.ireen to /a%i6h
3. The detachment led %y *aad
%in A%i Ka66aas
A%dullah %in 3ahsh to -adr
5. The detachment led %y Amr %in
Iday
!. The detachment led %y *alim
%in Imair
$. The detachment sent to
assassinate Caa% %in al Ashraf
&. The detachment led %y Paid
%in 2arithah to al Firadah
(. The detachment led %y A%i
*alamah
A%dullah %in Inais
1uhammad %in 1aslamah to al
Farda4
A%dullah %in Atee6 sent to
assassinate A%u /a= the 3ew
13. The detachment led %y *aeed
%in Paid to al Iraneen
I+ashah %in 1ahsan to al
Fhamr
1uhammad %in 1aslamah to
'hi al Fassah
1!. The detachment led %y A%u
I%aidah %in al 3arrah to 'hi al
Fassah again
1$. The detachment led %y Paid
%in 2arithah to -ani *ulaym
1&. The detachment led %y Paid
%in 2arithah to al Ays
1(. The detachment led %y Paid
%in 2arithah to al Tarraf
20. The detachment led %y Paid
%in 2arithah to 2ismi
%in 2arithah to Kadi al Fura
A%dul/ahman %in Awf to
'awmat al 3andal
%in 2arithah to 1adyan
24. The detachment led %y Ali to
*aad %in -a+r
%in 2arithah to Im Firfah
2!. The detachment led %y
A%dullah %in /awahah to
Ash%ar %in /aBim
2$. The detachment led %y Amr %in
Imayyah al 'himri
2&. The detachment led %y Imar to
Tur%ah
2(. The detachment led %y A%u
-a+r to -anu Culaa%
30. The detachment led %y -ashir
%in *aad to 0ada+
31. The detachment led %y Lhali%
%in A%dullah al Laythi to al
1ayfa4ah
32. The detachment led %y -ashir
%in *aad to amn and 3u%aar
33. The detachment led %y )%n A%il
Aw.a to -anu *ulaym
%in A%dullah al Laythi to -anu
al 1alooh
%in A%dullah al Laythi to 0ada+
3!. The detachment led %y *hu.a
%in Kah% al Asadi to -anu
Lhali%
3$. The detachment led %y Caa%
%in Imair al Lha@ari to 'hat
Atlaah
3&. The detachment led %y Amr %in
al Aas called That al *alaasil
3(. The detachment led %y A%u
I%aidah %in al 3arrah to *aif al
-ahr
40. The detachment led %y A%u
Fatadah to the land of 1uhari%
Fatadah to )dhm
2udrud al Aslami to al Lha%ah
43. The detachment led %y Chalid
%in al Kaleed to destroy the
idol al IBBa at <a+hlah
Amer al Ash4ari to Awtaas
45. The detachment led %y Amr %in
al Aas to destroy the idol
*uwaa4
4!. The detachment led %y *aad
%in Paid to destroy the idol
1unaah
4$. The detachment led %y Chalid
%in al Kaleed to -anu
3uthaymah
4&. The detachment led %y al Tufail
%in Amr to destroy the idol 'hi
al Ca@ayn
4(. The detachment led %y
Iyaynah %in 2isn to -anu
Tameem
50. The detachment led %y Fut%ah
%in Amer to Chath4am
51. The detachment led %y al
'haha+ %in *ufyan to -anu
Culaa%
Al6amah %in 1u.aBBaB to
A%ysinya
53. The detachment led %y Ali to
destroy the idol al 0ulus
I+aashah %in 1uhsan to al
2a%aa% in the land of Athrah
55. The detachment led %y Chalid
%in al Kaleed to 'awmat al
3andal
A, )='4=2'; )3 1)*' )3 .&'
>+..A'1 )3 .&' M:1A2*1
Ke tal+ed earlier a%out the armies
the 1essenger of Allah led and the
armies he dis#atched headed %y
his com#anions. -ut .ihad was not
only the res#onsi%ility of the
1essenger of Allah and his
com#anions %ut is a duty on all
1uslims and in every age. <o one
has the right to e5cuse himself
from .ihad %y ma+ing the e5cues
that the 1essenger of Allah was
su##orted %y angels and he was
given the duty of conveying the
message. <o one can also e5cuse
themselves %ecause the *aha%ah
were #re#ared to =ght while we are
not. 3ihad is the soul of )slam. The
sincere 1uslims ful=lled their duty
and fought many %attles against
the in=dels. 0ollowing we will cover
some e5am#les of their .ihad %ased
on the %oo+ GThe history of )slamH
%y al Thaha%i:
Their 3ihad %egan immediately
after the death of the 1essenger of
Allah during the reign of A%u -a+r
when many of Ara% tri%es
a#ostated. A%u -a+r a##ointed
Chalid to lead the army =ghting the
a#ostates. 2e fought against
Tulayhah al Asdi who was defeated
and then %ecame 1uslim. Chalid
then headed towards al amamah
to =ght 1usaylamah the liar. )t was
a tough %attle and many 1uslims
were +illed %ut ended with their
victory. 1usaylamah was +illed.
)n 13 hi.ri A%u -a+r sent out armies
to o#en the land of al *haam9
which was under /oman rule. 2e
sent Amr %in al Aas to "alestine
and A%u I%aydah and aBeed %in
A%u *ufyan to other #arts of al
*haam.
Imar %ecame Chalifah after A%u
-a+r. )n 14 hi.ri 'amascus was
o#ened. A%u I%aydah was the
leader of the 1uslim army and
Chalid was one of his commanders.
5&
A%u I%aydah attac+ed 'amascus
from one side while Chalid attac+ed
from another. Khen the /omans
were defeated on the outs+irts of
the 'amascus they entered it and
closed its gates. The 1uslims laid
siege to it and %om%arded it with
cata#ults. The /oman general
-ahaan had a new%orn child and
was cele%rating that. Khile their
were feasting and drin+ing Chalid9
al Fa46aa4 and 1ath4oor %in Iday
were %usy hanging ro#e ladders to
the walls of the city. The three of
them then clim%ed u# the wall and
ended u# in the city ma+ing ta+%ir9
which terri=ed the /omans. Chalid
+illed the gate+ee#ers and o#ened
it and he 1uslims Dooded that side
of the town. The /oman general
6uic+ly struc+ a surrender
agreement with A%u I%aydah who
was still unaware of Chalid4s
%rea+through into the city. )n the
end it was considered that half of
the town was o#ened %y force
while the other half through
surrender.
)n 15 hi.ri the great %attle of
armu+ occurred. The 1uslims were
3090009 headed %y A%u I%aydah
while the /omans were 3009000
strong. ;ven though they were ten
times the siBe of the 1uslim army
their soldiers had to %e tied
together in chains to insure they do
not Dee the %attle=eld. 2owever
these same chains turned out to %e
a disaster for them since when
they were defeated if one of the
soldiers would try to run for his life
he would drag down everyone else
with him and they were on the
edge of a canyon. Tens of
thousands of them ended u# falling
from that canyon. The orator of
the %attle who would go around
ins#iring the 1uslims was A%u
*ufyan. 2e would call out loud: GE
victory of Allah come to usNH
Also in 15 hi.ri occurred the great
%attle of al Fadisiyah. The 1uslims
were &000 headed %y *aad %in A%i
Ka66aas. The "ersians were
!09000 headed %y /ustum. )t was a
crushing defeat for the "ersians.
/ustum along with thousands of his
soldiers were +illed. Al Fadisiyah
was the +ey that o#ened the rest of
"ersia.
)n 1! the %attle of 3aloolaa4
occurred. )n this %attle almost
1009000 "ersians were +illed and
they left %ehind a great %ooty.
Kithin three years the 1uslim have
o#ened the seat of the "ersian
em#ire4s throne and have ta+en the
.ewels of the /oman em#ire9 so
glory %e to Allah the Lreat and the
;5alted.
)n year 1! hi.ri Imar himself
traveled to 3erusalem to acce#t the
+eys to the city.
)n year 20 the %attle of Tastur
ha##ened. A%u 1usa al Ash4ari had
laid siege to the #owerful city for
over a year. The "ersian general al
2urmuBan was forti=ed in there. A
"ersian man came to A%u 1usa and
told him if you #romise me and my
family #rotection ) will guide you to
a secret entrance into the city. A%u
1usa gave him #rotection so he
sent with him 1a.Ba4ah %in Thawr.
They entered through a hidden
underground s#ring of water9
swimming through it until they
surfaced in the city. They entered
the city and 1a.Ba4ah traveled
through it until he learned its ma#.
The "ersian man also #ointed out
to him the "ersian general
2urmuBan. 1a.Ba4ah returned and
was sent along with 35 men to
con6uer the city. The thirty,=ve
men swam through the s#ring and
entered the city at night and fought
courageously. 1a.Ba4ah was
martyred. The =ght continued and
the 1uslims ended u# missing fa.r
and only #rayed it at the middle of
the day. The "ersians surrendered.
Al 2urmuBan %ecame a 1uslim and
settled in 1adinah.
Amr %in Al Aas o#ened Ale5andria
in year 21 %y defeating the
/omans. 2e then esta%lished a
1uslim garrison in the city while he
descended south =ghting the
1u6aw6as the +ing of ;gy#t. -ut
the /omans headed %y Aonstantine
the son of 2ercules sent a naval
army that entered Ale5andria and
+illed the 1uslim soldiers in it. Amr
attac+ed and entered it again.
)n year 21 occurred the %attle of
<ahawand against the "ersians. )t
was a furious %attle. The "ersians
tied themselves in chains to
#revent the esca#e of soldiers. The
leader of the 1uslim army was al
<umaan %in 1a6ran. 2is horse fell
down and he was then shot %y an
arrow and died. 2uthaifah too+
charge and the 1uslims won after
a%out 1009000 of the enemy were
+illed.
)n year 2$ 1u4awyah %in A%u
*ufyan o#ened the island of
Ay#rus. Also during the same year
A%dullah %in *aad %in A%i al *arh
entered Africa. A%dullah %in al
Pu%air +illed the /oman leader of
Africa 3ar.eer.
)n year 3$ A%dullah %in 2aBim al
*ulami o#ened 2erat in
Afghanistan9 and 1aru in Tur+istan.
'uring the same year al 2arith %in
1urrah al 0ihri entered
-aluchestan.
)n year 44 al 1uhala% %in A%i
*ufrah entered )ndia.
)n year !3 I6%ah %in <a= fought in
<orth Africa with the +ing of the
-er%ers9 Caseelah. I6%ah was
martyred. 2is successor Puhair %in
Fays al -alawi defeated them and
+illed the -er%er +ing.
)n year &4 1usa %in <usair entered
the land of Andalusia 7*#ain8.
)n year &$ the land of -u+hara was
o#ened %y Futay%ah %in 1uslim.
)n year && 1aslamah %in
A%dul1ali+ defeated the /omans in
a num%er of %attles. Futay%ah %in
1uslim entered the land of the
Tur+s and in year (0 he entered
Tali6aan. )n year (3 Futay%ah
headed for *amar+and and o#ened
it along with the surrounding areas.
)n year (5 1usa %in <usair
com#leted his o#ening of the land
of Andalusia and returned from it
with an immense %ooty.
)n year (& aBeed %in al 1uhala%
o#ened Ta%urstan. )n the same
year the Chalifah *ulayman %in
A%dul1ali+ sent a huge army to
o#en Aonstantino#le. The army
was headed %y his %rother
1aslamah. They %esieged the city
for 30 months. 'uring that the
1uslims su@ered a lot of hardshi#.
Khen Imar %in A%dulABiB %ecame
Chalifah he immediately recalled
the army.
'uring the era of the A%%asids
=ghting continued on the ;astern
front towards )ndia and Ahina and
the <orthern front in the land of the
/omans and the Kestern front
towards Kestern ;uro#e 7*#ain9
0rance and "ortugal8
Khen the Arusaders attac+ed al
*haam the 1uslims fought them in
various %attles. Among the 1uslim
leaders who fought them was
*ultan <uraldeen Pin+i who
retreived a lot of the 1uslim
territory ta+en %y the Arusaders.
2e was followed %y *alahuddeen
who o#ened 3erusalem.
Khen the 1ongols Dooded the
1uslim land .ihad was fought
against them in numerous %attles.
The 1uslims won in the great
%attle of Ayn 3aloot.
5(
The door of 3ihad is always o#en
and the =ghting of the non%elievers
would never end until the 'ay of
3udgment.
!0
CHAPTER 1DCOURA!E AND
FEAR
21!. A%u 2urairah narrated:
GThe strong %eliever is more
%eloved to Allah than the wea+
%elieverH 71uslim8
21$. The 1essenger of Allah
used to say: GE Allah ) see+
refuge in you from gloom and
sorrowO from inaction and
laBinessO and from cowardice9
stinginess and old age9 and )
see+ refuge in you from the
#unishment of the graveH
7-u+hari : 1uslim8
<otice that the 1essenger of Allah
com%ined %etween see+ing refuge
in Allah from gloom and sorrow. 0or
gloom is the fear of what is coming
while sorrow is sadness on what
has already #assed. *o the 1uslim
should not feel sorry for the #ast
nor fear the future. And he
com%ined %etween inaction and
laBiness for inaction is the state of
the heart while laBiness is the state
of the %ody. 2e com%ined %etween
stinginess and cowardice for
stinginess is the unwillingness to
give wealth for Allah while
cowardice is the unwillingness to
give the soul for Allah.
H); .) )='4()*' 3'+4
Aowardice is the o##osite of
courage. Aourage is the =rmness of
the heart. The heart is the essence
of every good deed. The heart
cannot %e =rm if the mind isn4t
sound. )f the heart is wea+ it leads
to cowardice9 and if the heart is too
strong it leads to rec+lessness.
The coward needs to cure
cowardice %y eliminating its cause.
)f it is caused %y ignorance then
ignorance is cured %y learning. The
cause could %e fear of the un+nown
and that is cured %y e5#eriencing
situations. Ke =nd that the
%eginner in #u%lic s#ea+ing
e5#eriences fear in the %eginning
%ut after e5#erience this fear is
overcome. Ke =nd that when a
#erson =rst meets a +ing they
might fear the occasion and their
tongue would %e tied and their
#osture would change. That is due
to the an5iety of facing a new
e5#erience. -ut if that occasion is
re#eated many times the fear is
eliminated. Eriginal nature can %e
changed. )t is suJcient as #roof to
see a 2awa child 7children trained
to care for sna+es8 gra%%ing a large
sna+e that would ma+e a %rave
man trem%le while this same child
could fear a frog %ecause he is not
e5#osed to frogs. Taming animals
is a #rocess of changing their
original nature and it is done
through training. A wolf could #lay
with a shee#9 a cat with a mouse9
and a dog with a cat if they are
conditioned to do so even though
that is contrary to their original
nature. <ow if animals can change
their characteristics can4t humans
do the sameM
2aving a strong heart leads to
victory. Ali was as+ed: G2ow do you
defeat your enemiesMH 2e said:
GKhen ) would meet my enemy )
would %elieve with =rm conviction
that ) would defeat him while he
%elieves that ) would defeat him so
%oth myself and his self su##ort
me against himH.
*ome have advised: G-elieve in
victory9 you will %e victoriousH
Ethers say: G)f you fear your enemy
you have allowed an army to %e
sent against your heartH
Ke have found that the ones who
died %ecause of their fear are more
than the ones who died due to their
courage.
Al Tartooshi says:
Aourage is of three ty#es:
1. A man who stands in front of
the army as+ing for a
challenger from the enemy to
come out and face him
2. A man who remains calm9
concentrating9 tran6uil while
the %attle is ragging. And when
others are succum%ing to fear
he has not lost his orientation
and is not confused and acts in
a way that #roves he has
control over himself.
3. A man when everyone else is
defeated and is retreating
remains =rm calling them9 and
encouraging them to continue
the =ght.
Al Tartooshi says that the third man
#ossesses the greatest form of
courage.
T&' ():4+0'):1 )3 .&21 U**+&
The most courageous of all
man+ind is the 1essenger of Allah.
2e had the strongest heart of all.
2e faced the toughest of situations.
2eroes would scatter from around
him while he is =rm. The
1essenger of Allah never turned
his %ac+ in %attle.
21&. )n -u+hari and 1uslim Anas
%in 1ali+ narrates: GThe
1essenger of Allah was the
%est of #eo#le9 he was the
most generous and the most
courageous.H
21(. Ali said: GKhen the ferocity
of com%at would reach its limit
and the eyes would turn red we
would see+ refuge ne5t to the
1essenger of Allah. 2e would
%e the closest of us to the
enemy.H 71uslim8
220. A man as+ed al -araa %in
AaBi%: G'id you run away
during the life of the
1essenger of AllahMH 2e said:
GKe did. -ut he didn4t.H
7-u+hari : 1uslim8
)n Ihud I%ayy %in Chalaf9 riding his
horse9 charged towards the
1essenger of Allah. *ome 1uslims
wanted to get in the way to #rotect
the 1essenger of Allah %ut he told
them to move aside. The
1essenger of Allah #ic+ed u# a
s#ear and threw it at I%ayy who
was covered in iron armor from
head to toe. <othing a##eared
from him e5ce#t his eyes and a
small o#ening in his nec+. The
s#ear hit him right in the nec+ and
he fell o@ his horse. ;ven though
the s#ear only caused a minor
%ruise in his nec+ due to the
#rotection of the armor9 I%ayy
rushed %ac+ screaming:
G1uhammad has +illed meNH The
#eo#le of Furaish chec+ed him and
said we don4t =nd any ma.or in.ury.
ou are =neN 2e said: G1uhammad
claimed he would +ill me9 therefore
it must come to ha##enNH I%ayy
latter died on his way %ac+ to
1a++ah.
The courageous of this Immah are
too many to count. En to# of the
list are the *aha%ah whom Allah
#raised in Furan:
G1uhammad is the 1essenger of
AllahO and those with him are
forceful against the dis%elievers9
!1
merciful among themselves.H 7Al
0ath 2!8
Among the famous %rave men of
the Immah are:
1. A>: B+54
The courage of A%u -a+r was
witnessed %y the hero of the
Immah Ali %in A%i Tali%. Khen he
was the Chalifah Ali as+ed: GKho is
the %ravest of menMH They said:
Gou are9H 2e said: G) have never
dueled anyone and lost. -ut the
%ravest man is A%u -a+r. 'uring
the %attle of -adr we %uilt a shed
for the 1essenger of Allah and we
as+ed who would %e the %odyguard
of the 1essenger of Allah therein.
A%u -a+r came carrying his sword
and defended the 1essenger of
Allah for the entire day. )n 1a++ah
the dis%elievers attac+ed the
1essenger of Allah: Ene would #ull
him9 the other would %eat him and
they would say: G2ave you made
the gods one LodMH <o one dared
to go near the 1essenger of Allah
save A%u -a+r. 2e went and started
=ghting them and would say: GAre
you going to +ill a man .ust
%ecause he says: GAllah is my
LordNHGG Then Ali as+ed: GKho is
%etter A%u -a+r or the %eliever of
the family of "haraohM 72is story is
mentioned and #raised in Furan8H
The #eo#le remained 6uite. 2e
said: GKhy don4t you answerM )n
the name of Allah9 one moment in
the life of A%u -a+r is greater than
the entire earth full of the li+es of
the %eliever of the family of
"haraohN The %eliever of the family
of "haraoh was a man who
concealed his faith while A%u -a+r
was a man who #roclaimed his
faithH
A%u -a+r is the %ravest man of this
Immah after the 1essenger of
Allah. Ene can note the strength of
his heart during the %attle of -adr9
Ihud9 the trench9 al 2uday%iah9
and 2unain. )t is enough to note his
steadfastness9 =rmness9 and
strengthening of the entire Immah
when the greatest disaster of all
%efell us: The death of 1uhammad
7saaws8. That was when the hearts
deviated9 and the nation was
sha+en. Khen all the hearts where
trem%ling the heart of the *iddee6
was =rm. )f the heart of A%u -a+r
were #laced on one side of the
scale and the hearts of all the
Immah on the other9 his heart
would outweigh them all. The
courage of A%u -a+r in his decision
to =ght the a#ostates if distri%uted
over the hearts of the cowards on
the entire face of the earth9 it
would %e suJcient to ma+e them
%rave.
?. U*+4 >2, +A K&+..++>
)t is suJcient to #oint out that the
courage of Imar was suJcient
enough to ma+e *haytaan avoid
him.
The 1essenger of Allah told Imar:
GE son of Chattaa%: )n the name of
whom my soul is in 2is hands
whenever *haytaan sees you
ta+ing a route he would ta+e
anotherH 7-u+hari : 1uslim8
2is )slam %rought strength to the
1uslims. A%dullah %in 1asood said:
GKe used to not %e a%le to #ray
ne5t to al Caa%ah #u%licly until
Imar %ecame 1uslim.
@. AA2 >2, A>2 T+A2>
2e was the lion of this Immah. 2e
never missed a %attle with the
1essenger of Allah e5ce#t Ta%oo+
%ecause the 1essenger of Allah
a##ointed him over 1adinah in his
a%sence. 'uring the %attle of
Chai%ar the 1essenger of Allah
said: GTomorrow ) will give the
%anner to a man who loves Allah
and 2is 1essenger9 and Allah and
2is 1essenger love him. 2e does
not turn his %ac+ away in %attle
and Allah will ma+e o#ening occur
on his handsH All of the *aha%ah
desired that honor. The ne5t day
the 1essenger of Allah called Ali
and gave him the %anner.
1usaa% al Pu%airi said: GAli was
very cautious in %attle. 2e was
swerve terri=cally from his enemy
and whenever he charges his
enemy he would #rotect all his
sides and when he retreats %ac+
from his charge he would %e even
more #rotective of himself. <o one
could get to him.
2is shield was one sided. )t only
#rotected him from the front. Khen
as+ed: G'on4t you fear an attac+
from %ehindMH 2e re#lied: G) never
give my enemy the chance to
attac+ me from my %ac+H
4. T+A&+& >2, U>+2-2AA+&
2e is one of the ten given the glad
tidings of "aradise. 'uring Ihud he
shielded the 1essenger of Allah
with his own %ody causing over $0
in.uries in his %ody. Khenever the
1essenger of Allah wanted to loo+
at the dis%elievers Talhah would
#lead with him not to do so and
would shield him with his %ody.
D. AA Z:>+24 >2, +A A;;++*
2e is also one of the ten given the
glad tidings of "aradise. 2e was the
=rst 1uslim to draw out a sword.
'uring the early days of )slam in
1a++ah a rumor s#read that the
1essenger of Allah was +idna##ed.
Al Pu%air drew out his sword and
went loo+ing for him. 2e ran into
the 1essenger of Allah who as+ed
him: GKhat4s wrong with you
Pu%airMH 2e said: G) heard that you
were +idna##ed so ) came out to
=ght themNH The 1essenger of
Allah #rayed for him.
E. S++- >2, A>2 $+CC++1
2e is one of ten given the glad
tidings of "aradise. The 1essenger
of Allah #rayed for him: GE Allah
ma+e his arrow hit its target and
ma+e his #rayer acce#tedH Imar
a##ointed him to lead the army at
Fadisiyah. The 1uslims won and he
continued leading them in "ersia
until he o#ened most of it and
entered the ca#ital9 al 1ada4in.
*aad is the one who founded the
two cities of Cufah and -asra.
Khen he was dying he re6uested
his %ody %e ra##ed and %uried in
an old wool cloth. 2e said this was
what ) had on during the %attle of
-adr and )4ve reserved it for this
day.
F. A>: U>+6-+& >2, +A J+44++&
2e is one of the ten given the glad
tidings of "aradise. Imar a##ointed
him over the army o#ening al
*haam. 2e was the leader of the
army during the great %attle of al
armu+. 2e died in the #lague of
Amawas in al *haam.
8. H+*J+& >2, A>-:A*:.+A2>
2e is the lion of Allah and his
1essenger. After the %attle of -adr
Imayyah %in Chalaf who was
ca#tured as+ed A%dul/ahman %in
Awf: GKho was the man in your
army mar+ed with an ostrich
feather on his chestMH
A%dul/ahman said: GThat is
2amBahH Imayyah said: G2e is the
one who %rought ruin to usNH 2e
was +illed during the %attle of
Ihud.
8. J++3+4 >2, A>2 T+A2>
2e was ten years older than his
%rother Ali. 2e was the second
!2
leader in line at the %attle of
1u4tah. Khen he too+ over after
Paid he carried the %anner with his
right hand which was cut o@ so he
carried it with his left hand9 which
was in turn also cut o@ so he
em%raced the %anner and
continued =ghting until he fell.
They found in the front of his %ody
over (0 in.uries.
1<. M:+-& >2, A*4 >2, +A
J+*))&
2e was the slayer of the "haraoh of
this Immah A%u 3ahl.
2e said: ) made A%u 3ahl my target
on the day of -adr. Khen ) found
him ) charged at him and struc+
him with my sword and cut his leg
in two. Then his son )+rimah hit me
on my shoulder until he cut o@ my
arm. )t only remained hanging to
my %ody %y the s+in of my side.
-ut %ecause =ghting distracted me
) remained dragging it %ehind me
for most of the day. Khen it
annoyed me ) #laced my foot over
it and #ulled it o@.
11. AA B+4++ >2, M+A25
2e is the %rother of Anas %in 1ali+
the servant of the 1essenger of
Allah. 2e was one of heroes of this
Immah.
Anas %in 1ali+ heard his %rother al
-araa humming #oetry so he told
him: GE my %rother you are
humming #oetryM Khat if this is the
last thing you s#ea+MH >Khen
Furan was revealed the *aha%ah
disli+ed reciting anything %ut
Furan. Anas was warning his
%rother and saying that if you die
this moment and the last words
you s#o+e were lines of #oetry9
how would you face AllahM )n
another narration he told him to
rather remem%er Allah? Al -araa
said: G<oN A man li+e me won4t die
on his %ed. )4ve +illed ninety nine of
the non%elievers and hy#ocritesNH
71ussanaf i%n A%u *hay%ah8
Imar wrote to his military generals
to never allow al -araa to hold any
#osition of leadershi# in the 1uslim
armies. The reason: Imar said he
is too haBardous for the 1uslimsN
7Al 2a+im8
'uring the %attle against the forces
of 1usaylamah the liar9 he sat on a
shield and as+ed the 1uslims to
carry the shield on their s#ears and
throw him over the walls of the
enemy in order to o#en the gatesN
2e did o#en the gates %ut after he
received over &0 in.uries. 7Al
)sa%ah8
En the day of the %attle of Tastur
the 1uslims as+ed al -araa to
ma+e an oath to give them victory.
Al -araa said: GE AllahN ) ma+e an
oath that you hand us over their
shoulders 7give us victory8 and to
ma+e me follow your #ro#het 7to
die8H 2e charged the enemy and
the 1uslims followed him. The
"ersians lost9 and al -araa was
martyred. Allah ful=lled his oath.
Anas narrated: Khen A%u 1usa
was a##ointed governor over al
-asra he told al -araa to choose
any #osition of leadershi# in his
government and he will %e
a##ointed to it. Al -araa said: G)
don4t want any. /ather ) want you
to hand me over my %ow9 horse9
s#ear9 sword9 and shield and then
sent me to .ihad. 2e sent him in an
army. Al -araa was the =rst to dieH
7)%n A%u *hay%ah8
1?. S+**++5 >2, K&+41&+&
(A>: D:B++,+&)
-efore the %attle of Ihud started
the 1essenger of Allah held a
sword in his hand and said: GKho
would =ght with this sword and
give it its due rightMH
*ome men stood u# and o@ered to
ta+e it %ut the 1essenger of Allah
didn4t give it to them. And then
A%u 'u.aanah stood u# and said:
GE 1essenger of Allah what is its
due rightMH 2e said: GThat you
stri+e with it the faces of the
enemy until it %entsNH A%u
'u.aanah said: G) will ta+e it E
1essenger of AllahH and he gave it
to him. Al Pu%air %in al Awwaam
said: G) felt saddened that )9 the
cousin of the 1essenger of Allah9
would as+ for the sword and would
not get it %ut A%u 'u.aanah would.
*o ) decided to follow A%u
'u.aanah and see what he would
do with it. A%u 'u.aanah #ulled out
a red %andanna and tied it around
his head. The Ansar said: A%u
'u.aanah has #ulled out his
%andanna of deathN 2e then
attac+ed enemy and whenever he
would face anyone he would +ill
himNH
-efore the %attle he marched with
#ride %efore the enemy. The
1essenger of Allah said: GThis is a
wal+ des#ised %y Allah e5ce#t in
this situationH
'uring the %attle of al amamah he
threw himself over the wall
surrounding the city and %ro+e his
leg. 2e continued =ghting with a
%ro+en leg until he was martyred.
1@. K&+A2- >2, +A $+A''-
2e is the drawn sword of Allah. As
soon as he %ecame 1uslim the
1essenger of Allah was sending
him to =ght the enemies of Allah.
Chalid never in his life lost a %attle.
Chalid %in al Kaleed said: G)f ) were
to marry a %eautiful woman whom )
love9 or if ) were given the good
news of having a new%orn son9 is
less %eloved and dear to my heart
then to %e in a cold icy night in an
army waiting to meet my enemy
the ne5t morning. ) advise you to
go on .ihadH
%efore his death.
14. S+A+*+& >2, +A A5;+
Ke mentioned his story earlier
when he fought the dis%elievers
alone.
The 1essenger of Allah said a%out
him that day: GThe %est of our foot
soldiers today is *alamah %in al
A+waH
1D. U5+1&+& >2, M+&1+,
2is %ravery in war was well +nown.
)n the %attle of al Lha%ah he saw
Amr %in A%aar along with his father
riding the same camel. 2e threw
his s#ear and +illed %oth of them
the same time.
1E. A*4 >2, M+%+-2 Y+542>
2e was a +ing from emen who was
famous for his %ravery. 2e later
em%raced )slam.
Imar would count him as a
thousand men. Al Tartooshi
mentions in *ira. al 1oloo+ that
Amr %in 1aadi a+ri% went ne5t to
the river and told his #eo#le: G) am
going to cross the %ridge. )f you
follow me after a time e6uivalent to
the time it ta+es to slaughter a
camel you would =nd me with my
sword in my hand =ghting whoever
is in front of me with the enemy
surrounding me and ) am standing
%etween them. )f you come later
than that you would =nd me dead.H
And then he crossed the %ridge
over the river towards the enemy4s
cam#. A while later his #eo#le said:
GE sons of Pa%idN Are we going to
!3
leave our man aloneM Ke might not
even catch him aliveH *o they
crossed the %ridge and found him
without his horse while he was
holding %oth %ac+ legs of an
enemy4s horse and the horse failed
to move. The =ghter on the horse
was trying to reach Amr %ehind him
with his sword with no avail. Khen
the =ghter saw us attac+ing he
came down from his horse and ran
away. Amr then mounted the horse.
2e then told us: Gou were almost
going to miss meH They as+ed him:
GKhere is your horseMH 2e said: G)t
was hit %y an arrow that +illed and )
fell o@ its %ac+H
1F. I542*+& .&' 1), )3 A>: J+&A
2e was courageous %efore
%ecommung a 1uslim and )slam
only added to his courage. 'uring
the %attle of armu+ he fought
ferociously. 2e was told to slow
down and %e cautious. 2e re#lied:
G) used to =ght to defend Allaat and
al IBBa 7two idols8 and ) would not
ta+e any care for myself. <ow you
want me to ta+e caution when ) am
=ghting for Allah and 2is
1essengerNH 2e then said: GKho is
going to #ledge to dieNH Al 2arith
%in 2isham9 'hirar %in al ABwar
along with 400 of the %rave gave
their #ledge. They attac+ed the
/omans and disa##eared in their
ran+s. )+rimah never came out. 2is
%ody was found with more than
seventy in.uries.
18. T:A+6&+& +A AJ-2
Khen *aad %in A%i Ka66aas as+ed
the Chalifah Imar to send him
reinforcement. Imar re#lied: G)
have sent you 2000 men: Amr %in
1a4adi a+ri% and Tulayhah al ABdi.
;ach one of them counts as a
thousandH
Tulayhah9 Amr9 and Fays %in
1a+shooh went on a
reconnaissance mission to the
enemy4s army. -oth Amr and Fays
+idna##ed some "ersian soldiers
and %rought them %ac+ to the
1uslim cam# for interrogation.
Tulayhah went further until he was
in the cam# of the army4s
commander. 2e hid until nightfall
and then went straight to the tent
of the commander and too+ away
his horse ,which was tied to the
tent, and ran away. A "ersian
horseman saw that and followed
him. Tulayhah +illed him and too+
his horse along with his and the
commander4s horse. Another
horseman #ursued him and
Tulayhah also +illed him and too+
his horse. A third horseman
attac+ed him %ut then surrendered.
Tulayhah ca#tured him and carried
him away9 along with a total of four
horses in addition to his. The
1uslim leaders gathered to
6uestion the "ersian who turned
out to %e one of their leaders. 2e
said: G) have fought numerous
%attles %ut ) have never seen
anything li+e this manN 2e crossed
our cam#s until he made it to
where even the %rave would not
dare: the cam# of our army4s
commander9 which had over
$09000 soldiers. As if that wasn4t
enough he went ahead and too+
the commander4s horseN The =rst
of us to follow him was considered
among us to %e e6ual to a
thousand men and he +illed himN
The second to follow him was +illed
and then ) #ursued him and ) don4t
thin+ that there is anyone in the
army e6ual to myself in strength
and courage. -ut ) saw death on
his hands and surrenderedN The
man then acce#ted )slam and
fought along side the 1uslims.
18. A>-:AA+& >2, +A Z:>+24
2e was the courageous and son of
the courageous. 2is father was al
Pu%air %in al Awwaam. A%dullah
#artici#ated in the o#ening of <orth
Africa and +illed 3ar.eer9 the +ing of
the -er%er.
?<. A>-:AA+& >2, A>2 +A S+4&
2e was the o#ener of <orth Africa.
2e was the one to lead the =rst
naval %attle of the 1uslims: The
%attle of al *awari against the
/omans. 2e was a##ointed %y
Ithman to govern ;gy#t. Khen the
=tnah occurred he retired to al
/amlah in "alestine where he
remained until he died.
?1. AA Q+%C++ >2, A*4
Khen the 1essenger of Allah was
consulting the *aha%ah %efore
-adr Al Fa46aa said: GLo ahead
and =ght and we will not say what
-anu )srael said to 1usa: GLo and
=ght with your Lord9 we will stay
hereH -ut we will say: GLo ahead
and =ght with your Lord9 we are
going to =ght with youH
A%u -a+r said a%out him: GThe
voice of al Fa46aa in %attle is %etter
than 1000 menH
!4
CHAPTER 1E NECESSARY
RULIN!S FOR THE
MUJAHID TO KNO$
S)*' A'0+A 4:A2,01 4'0+4-2,0
J2&+-
The %ody of +nowledge is
immense9 and the details of rulings
are endless. -ut no one is e5cused
from learning at least the
fundamentals. )t is com#ulsory on
every 1uslim to learn the
necessary +nowledge and that is
the +nowledge which the validity of
our actions de#ends on.
F)AA);2,0 +4' 211:'1# ;&2(& +4'
,'('11+46 3)4 .&' *:B+&2- .)
A'+4, 3)4 .&'24 B2&+- .) >'
+(('9.+>A'
R:A2,01 4'0+4-2,0 !&+,''*+&
After the Ghaneemah 7%ooty8 is
gathered the cost of trans#ort and
storing should %e ta+en out from it.
Then it is s#lit into =ve e6ual
#ortions. 0our out of =ve 7T&08 is
s#lit among the mu.ahideen. The
left over =fth is then divided into
=ve:
1U5 %elongs to Allah and 2is
1essenger. This is to %e s#ent
on what %ene=ts the 1uslims
such as %uilding forts or
1asa.id or any infrastructure
for the Immah.
1U5 goes to Ahl al -ayt 7the
household of the 1essenger of
Allah8
1U5 to the or#hans
1U5 to the #oor
1U5 to the wayfarer
)mam A%u 2aneefah divides the
=fth into three and not =ve. 2e
e5cludes the =rst two. 2is o#inion
is that the #ortion of the 1essenger
7saaws8 and 2is household ended
with his death.
)mam 1ali+4s o#inion is that the
entire =fth should %e de#osited into
the 1uslim treasury and then the
)mam s#ends it as deemed
%ene=cial for the 1uslims. )%n
Taymiyah says that the o#inion of
1ali+ is the o#inion of most of the
early 1uslims and is the most
authentic o#inion.
The scholars agree that every
1uslim who attends the %attle gets
his share of %ooty even if he didn4t
=ght. They also agree that if a
#erson %ecomes ill in .ihad and
cannot =ght he still gets his share
of %ooty. )f a %lind or one,legged
#erson attends .ihad and they are
of %ene=t to the army they should
get their share of %ooty.
The 4U5 or T&0 of the %ooty which
%elong to the mu.ahideen is
divided as follows: The horseman
get 3 shares9 one for themselves
and two for their horses9 while the
foot soldiers get one share.
)n the case of 0ay4 7%ooty that was
gained without =ghting8 it %elongs
in its entirety to the treasury of the
1uslims.
There is a di@erence of o#inion on
giving the reinforcement a share of
%ooty if they arrive after the %attle
is over.
)f there is no )mam and the
1uslims =ght the enemy then they
s#lit the %ooty among themselves.
-ut if there are women in the %ooty
then they are not distri%uted unless
there is an )mam in order to
#revent harmful conse6uences
from ha##ening.
)f someone goes with the intention
of =ghting %ut they are then
relegated to non,=ghting #ositions
such as guarding the army4s
#ro#erty then such a #erson gets
his share of the %ooty.
1ost scholars state that all of the
T&0 of the %ooty must go to the
mu.ahideen and no one has
authority to divide it otherwise.
Ethers do allow the )mam to give
some of it to others.
)f a soldier fails to carry his share
and he said: GKhoever can carry it
can ta+e itH Then it is allowed for
whoever carries it to a##ro#riate it.
Khen it comes to #ro#erty that
cannot %e trans#orted such as real
estate then the )mam has the
authority to divide it among the
reci#ients of %ooty or to ma+e it
Ka6f 7an endowment8 or to give it
%ac+ to it4s original owners and
charge them .iByah and Charaa.
7land ta58. )f they %ecome 1uslim
they are relieved from .iByah %ut
not Charaa..
)n al 2idayah 72ana=8: )f a child
=ghts then he receives a #ortion of
the %ooty less than one share. )f a
woman #artici#ates in nursing and
serving then she also receives a
#ortion less than the share of the
=ghter.
<a=l is an additional reward on to#
of the share of %ooty that the )mam
can give to the ones who
#artici#ate in ris+y missions or =ght
e5ce#tionally well.
0ay4 is what is ta+en from the
dis%elievers without a =ght. *uch
as the dis%elievers fearing the
1uslims and running away from
their #ositions and they leave
%ehind %ooty9 or if they surrender
without a =ght9 or they #ay .iByah.
The distri%ution of the fay4 is u# to
the )mam.
T&' 94)&2>2.2), )3 !&+A))A
'e=nition: Lhalool is anything
worth value a soldier ta+es from
the %ooty that should %e s#lit
%etween the army. 7This does not
include al Salb9 which is e5#lained
later on8
Lhalool is 2araam no matter how
insigni=cant in value it is and the
#unishment for it is severe.
Allah says: )t is not >attri%uta%le? to
any #ro#het that he would act
unfaithfully >in regard to war
%ooty?. And whoever ta+es from it
will come with what he too+ on the
'ay of /esurrection. Then will
every soul %e com#ensated for
what it earned9 and they will not %e
wronged. 7Aal )mran 1!18
Lhalool is one of the ma.or sins
and there are many hadiths
#rohi%iting it:
221. )%n A%%aas said: Imar told
me during Chai%ar some of the
*aha%ah came saying so and
so is a *haheed. The
1essenger of Allah said: G<o9
)4ve seen him 2ell=re %ecause
of a #iece of cloth which he
too+ from the %ootyH 71uslim8
1essenger of Allah stood one
day and s#o+e to us. 2e
mentioned Lhalool and warned
us. 2e said: G) don4t want to
see one of you on the 'ay of
3udgment carrying a camel on
his %ac+ saying9 GE 1essenger
of Allah hel# meNH ) will say9 G)
cannot hel# you. ) have already
conveyed a clear message to
youH
G) don4t want to see one of you
on the 'ay of 3udgment
carrying a horse on his %ac+
saying9 GE 1essenger of Allah
hel# meNH ) will say9 G) cannot
hel# you. ) have already
!5
conveyed a clear message to
youH 7-u+hari8
223. A%dullah %in *ha6ee6
narrates from a man from
-al6een who said: G) went to
the 1essenger of Allah when
he is in Kadi al Fura and he
was e5amining a horse. ) as+ed
him: GE 1essenger of Allah
what do you say a%out the
%ootyMH 2e said: GTo Allah
%elongs one =fth of it. The rest
%elongs to the army9H ) said:
G*o no one has a #riority in it
over someone elseMH 2e said:
G<o9 you don4t even have right
of ownershi# over an arrow
that you #ull out from your own
%odyH 7Al -ayha6i8
The #unishment of Lhalool in the
2ereafter is that whatever was
ta+en will come on the 'ay of
3udgment and witness against such
a #erson. The #unishment in this
world is that whoever ta+es
anything from the %ooty would
have all of his %elongings ta+en
and %urnt e5ce#t what he has
ta+en and that should %e returned
to the army. The o#inion of 1ali+9
*ha=4i9 and A%u 2aneefah is that
the Amir of the army should #unish
him as he deems a##ro#riate.
)mam A%u -a+r %in al 1unthir says
that all the scholars agree that the
1u.ahideen are allowed to eat the
food of the enemy and feed their
animals too 7it is not Lhalool to do
so8
R:A2,01 4'0+4-2,0 S+A>
There is a di@erence of o#inion on
salb.
>Salb is the #ersonal arms and
e6ui#ment found on a dead enemy
soldier. )t includes everything found
with a soldier. There is a di@erence
of o#inion however on cash money
and gold. *ome consider it #art of
sal% while others consider it #art of
Lhaneemah. *o sal% is di@erent
from Lhaneemah which has %een
translated here as %ooty. The %ooty
is items that %elong to the army in
general 7li+e their food ration9
ammunition9 heavy e6ui#ment8
and all the civilian #ro#erty in a
land o#ened %y force. A land that is
o#ened %y an agreement de#ends
on the terms of the agreement and
does not fall under %ooty. -ooty
must %e su%mitted to the army
commander and then it is divided
%ased on the rules of *haria. -ut
the rulings on *al% are di@erent:?
*ome scholars say the =ghter
ta+es salb o@ a soldier he +ills
with the following conditions:
o The +illed soldier was =ghting
with the enemy
o The +illed soldier had the
a%ility to defend himself. *o if
he was +illed while he was
in.ured or aslee# the mu.ahid
cannot ta+e his sal%.
o )f the soldier was withdrawing
and was +illed from %ehind
then there is no sal%.
Ether scholars say that the
mu.ahid ta+es the salb in every
situation he +ills an enemy4s
soldier9 whether the soldier was
attac+ing or retreating9 and their
evidence is the #reviously
mentioned hadith of the story of
A%u *alamah to su##ort this view.
)s it necessary for the )mam to
state that whoever +ills and
enemy gets his salb or is salb
ta+en %y defaultM
Al *ha=4i and Ahmad say the
mu.ahid gets the salb whether
the )mam states that or not.
)mam A%u 2aneefah states that
if the )mam does not state that
salb goes to the mu.ahid who
+ills the enemy then it falls
under the Lhaneemah 7%ooty8.
Al AwBa4i states that the
1u.ahid can ta+e all the salb of
the +illed enemy soldier even
his clothes and leave him
na+ed. This is also the o#inion
of Ahmad. Al Thawri and )%n
1unther discourage that
%ecause it e5#oses the awrah
7#arts of the %ody which should
%e covered8
R:A2,01 4'0+4-2,0 M:1A2*
PO$1
)f a 1uslim "EK is a%le to
esca#e then it is mandatory on
him to do so. )f he can esca#e
and ca#ture with him any
enemy9 ta+e any of their
#ro#erty9 or +ill among them
then he should.
)f the "EK is released with
conditions that he agrees to
then he must ful=ll those
conditions in order not to end
u# harming other 1uslim "EKs
or causing the enemy to thin+
that the 1uslims are
untrustworthy.
The 1uslim "EK is not allowed
to marry a Ahristian or a 3ew in
the land of dis%elief %ecause
the children in this case might
follow their mother4s religion.
And he is not allowed to marry
a 1uslim %ecause they could
force them and their children to
a#ostate or they could %e
enslaved. The 1uslim "EK
should %e #atient until they
return to 1uslim land.
R:A2,01 4'0+4-2,0 .&' ','*6
PO$1
The stronger o#inion is that the
)mam should do what is most
%ene=cial for the 1uslims: To
e5ecute them9 to free them
without anything in return9 to
free them in return of freeing
1uslim "EKs9 to charge for
their freedom9 or to enslave
them.
The ruling on women and
children "EKs is that they
%ecome slaves %y default.
)f a 1uslim +ills a "EK9 the
Amir has the right to #unish
him %y Ta4Beer 7a #unishment
less than the least #unishment
of a ma.or sin. Isually it is less
than 10 lashes8
)f a man is ta+en as a "EK
along with his wife some
scholars say that the marriage
contract %ecomes null while
others say it remains. The
same is said when the hus%and
alone falls into ca#tivity. -ut if
a woman is ta+en as a "EK
then if she is married her
marriage contract is nulli=ed.
Khen children fall into ca#tivity
with their #arents are they
considered 1uslim or non,
1uslimM
The o#inion of al *ha=4i9
Ahmad9 1ali+9 and A%u
2aneefah is that they follow
the religion of their #arents and
are considered non,1uslim. )f
ca#tured with the father then
Ahmad considers them to %e
1uslim9 while the other three
)mams state that they are not.
)f the children are ca#tured
with their mother then
!!
according to Ahmad they are
1uslim. Al *ha=4i and A%u
2aneefah say they are not. )f
the children are ca#tured alone
then according to all the )mams
e5ce#t al *ha=4i they are
1uslim.
According to the ma.ority
o#inion the ca#tured families
should not %e se#arated.
M21('AA+,'):1 211:'1
E@ensive .ihad without the
#ermission of the )mam
71uslim leader8 or whoever
re#resents him is ma+rooh
7discouraged8 %ut it is not
2araam 7illegal8. There are
e5ce#tions to the
discouragement:
o )f .ihad is urgent and does
not acce#t delay and
see+ing #ermission would
delay it then #ermission of
the )mam is not needed.
o )f the )mam neglects .ihad
and he and his soldiers are
attached to this world. )n
this case the #ermission of
the )mam is not to %e
sought %ecause the )mam
has sus#ended .ihad. The
mu.ahideen should
therefore resume it.
o )f the #erson cannot see+
#ermission %ecause he
+nows in advance that the
)mam would not give him
#ermission.
o )%n Fudaamah states that:
Gthe a%sence of the )mam
should not %e a reason for
the delay of .ihadH
)t is *unnah for the Amir
7commander8 of the army to ta+e a
#ledge from the soldiers not to turn
their %ac+s in %attle as the
1essenger did in 2uday%iah.
)t is also *unnah for the Amir to:
o *end reconnaissance
missions and to gather
information a%out the
enemy
o *et out on Thursday
morning if that is #ossi%le.
o 'ivide the army into
%rigades under se#arate
%anners and to have each
%rigade have its own
distinguishing insignia.
o To em#loy each and every
method that would
terroriBe the enemy
o *ee+ assistance from the
wea+ 7the 1essenger of
Allah said: ou are given
victory through the wea+
among you8
o 1a+e dua when the armies
meet
o ;ncourage the mu.ahideen
to =ght and %e steadfast
o 1a+e ta+%ir along with the
army without e5travagance
in raising voice.
E you who have %elieved9
when you encounter a
com#any >from the enemy
forces? stand =rm and
remem%er Allah much that you
may %e successful. 7Al Anfaal
458
This remem%rance should %e
done silently %ecause raising
voices with Thi+r in %attle is
discouraged if it is one #erson
%ut if it is %y a grou# then it is
acce#ta%le if it wea+ens the
moral of the enemy. The
com#anions used to disli+e
raising voices in %attle 7al
Furtu%i8
)t is mandatory to convey the
message of )slam to whoever
did not hear it and this should
%e done %efore =ghting. -ut if
they did hear a%out )slam
%efore9 then calling them to
)slam again is not necessary
%efore =ghting them %ut it is
good to do since they might
%ecome 1uslim this time.
)t a##ears from *unnah that
giving dawa #rior to =ghting is
not necessary with s#ecial
o#eration grou#s9 which are
grou#s of mu.ahideen sent for
a s#eci=c mission such as the
grou# sent to assassinate Caa%
%in al Ashraf for e5am#le.
3iByah is acce#ted from the
3ews and Ahristians. )f they #ay
it they are allowed to #ractice
their religion. 3iByah is also
acce#ted from those who are
similar to the #eo#le of the
%oo+ and might have received
a %oo+ from Allah such as the
Poroastrians.
)f the enemy attac+s 1uslim
land and the 1uslims did not
=ght them9 then their neglect
of .ihad is the same as turning
one4s %ac+ in the %attle=eld 7a
ma.or sin8. This is if the
1uslims are more than half the
num%er of the their enemy. -ut
if they are too few to =ght than
they can fortify themselves and
wait for reinforcements.
)f the )mam invites the 1uslims
to .ihad that is originally
classi=ed as fardh +ifayah
7collective duty89 it %ecomes a
fardh ayn 7individual duty8 on
each one of them %ecause it is
mandatory to o%ey the )mam.
The o##ression of an )mam
should not #revent from .ihad
with him. )t is acce#ta%le to
=ght with an )mam who drin+s
or commits ma.or sins %ecause
these sins a@ect him %ut .ihad
%ene=ts everyone.
)t is not allowed to +ill women
and children if they don4t =ght
%ut if they do =ght then there
is no dou%t that it is allowed to
+ill them. )t is also the
consensus of scholars that if an
old man =ghts then it is
allowed to +ill him. That also
a##lies to the wea+9 %lind9 and
handica##ed. The ruling also
a##lies if any of the a%ove
aided in =ghting the 1uslims
with their intellect.
The o#inion of the vast
ma.ority of scholars is that
mon+s and anyone devoted to
worshi# in monasteries are not
to %e +illed.
The o#inion of the ma.ority of
scholars is that merchants9
s+illed wor+ers and em#loyees
should not %e +illed if they are
not involved in =ghting
1uslims.
)t is allowed to =re cata#ults on
the dis%elievers and to Dood
them with water even if that
would lead to the death of
1uslim "EKs in their hands
since this is a necessity of war.
)f the enemy uses 1uslim
human shields:
)f it is not necessary to stri+e
the dis%elievers than they are
left in order to #rotect the
1uslims.
)f there is a need to stri+e at
the dis%elievers such as if there
!$
is a %attle going on9 or if we
leave them alone they would
gain victory over 1uslims9 then
they should %e attac+ed even if
that would lead to the loss of
life among the 1uslim human
shields.
)t is allowed to am%ush an
enemy at night even if there
are women and children among
them since that is a necessity
of .ihad.
The ruling regarding trees and
#lants in the land of the
dis%elievers falls into three
categories:
18 Trees that the 1uslims
need to cut down: )n such
case it is allowed to cut
down. *uch as when these
trees are close to the
fortresses of the
dis%elievers or when trees
get in their way or #revents
them from widening their
roads or if the dis%elievers
are cutting down the trees
in the 1uslim lands.
28 Trees that if cut down
would harm the 1uslims:
*uch as trees needed for
their cattle. )n such a case
it is illegal to cut them
down.
38 Trees that if cut down wont
cause any harm to the
1uslims: )f cutting them
down would harm the
dis%elievers or anger them
then they could %e cut
down
The 1uslim who discourages
others from =ghting should %e
%anned from .oining any army
of 3ihad. )f he did go out then
he should not receive any
#ortion of the %ooty or any due
com#ensation as a #unishment
for his discouragement of
=ghting.
The discourager is the one who
would say for e5am#le: GThe
enemy is too strongH or Gour
horses are wea+H or Gwe
cannot %eat themH or such
statements that im#ly that we
should not =ght.
Alose to that is the #erson who
s#reads rumors that wea+en
the 1uslims.
)t is allowed for the mu.ahid to
ta+e from Pa+ah even if he is
wealthy. 2e can only ta+e
money for his necessities of
food9 clothing9 travel e5#enses9
and to #urchase needed arms.
2e can also give his family
from this money.
Al Furtu%i says that Gfee
sa%eelillahH 7in the ayah of
Pa+ah8 refers to the ones in
.ihad and /i%aat.
)f the enemy is more than
dou%le the siBe of the 1uslim
army then the 1uslims are
allowed to withdraw9 if not then
they must =ght.
The scholars have three views
on see+ing assistance from
non,1uslims in com%at:
18 )t is allowed if the 1uslims
ta+e #recautions from any
#ossi%le %etrayal from the
non,1uslim side.
28 )t is allowed to have them
only in lowly roles such as
service.
38 )t is not allowed at all
)f a non%eliever em%races
)slam then his %lood and wealth
are #rotected whether he
%ecame a 1uslim in the state
of #iece of the state of war.
This is the consensus of
scholars. -ut if he %ecomes
1uslim after falling into
ca#tivity then his %lood is
#rotected and the )mam then
has the choices of enslaving
him or freeing him. )mam
Ahmad says that the )mam
does not have the o#tion %ut to
enslave such a #erson.
)f enemy soldiers lose their way
and end u# in a 1uslim town9
they and their %elongings
%ecome 0ay4 for the 1uslims of
that town.
)f enemy soldiers enter the
land of )slam without an
agreement then it is allowed to
+ill them and ta+e their
#ro#erty.
) as+ed some of the great
scholars of the *ha=4) school
a%out the %usinessmen who
are from the land of the enemy
and come to do %usiness in
1uslim land9 is it allowed to
=ght them at sea %efore they
reach our #ortsM They said:
They can %e fought %efore they
get to our #orts and even after
they get to our #orts.
)f enemy %usinessmen enter
1uslim territory %y #ermission
to do %usiness then the
1uslims should not transgress
against them.
)f a 'himmi 7a Ahristian or 3ew
living in 1uslim territory who
#ays .iByah8 wants to .oin the
enemy in their =ght against
1uslims he should %e
#revented from doing so.
There is a di@erence of o#inion
on %eheading the dis%elievers
and then trans#orting their
heads to a di@erent location:
*ome consider it to %e illegal
%ecause this is an act of
mutilation and is imitating the
dis%elievers since these are
their actions.
Ether scholars say that it is
allowed and they cite the
incident when the head of
/ifa4ah %in Fays was
#resented to the 1essenger of
Allah and when 0ayrooB al
'aylami %rought to the
1essenger of Allah the head of
al Aswad al Ansi who claimed
#ro#hethood.
Aan a 1uslim grant #rotection
to a dis%elieverM The ma.ority
of the scholars say a 1uslim
can grant a dis%eliever or a
small num%er of them
#rotection and the 1uslims
should honor that.
The s#y cannot %e given
#rotection and must %e +illed. )f
a dis%eliever who was already
granted #rotection turns out to
%e a s#y then he should %e
+illed.
)f the 1uslim is wea+ in the
land of dis%elievers and is not
a%le to #u%licly show his
religion then it is 2araam to
live there. )f he is una%le to
emigrate then he is e5cused.
)f the 1uslim is strong and a%le
to #u%licly #ractice )slam than
they can live in the dis%elievers
land %ut it is still recommended
to move to a 1uslim land.
!&
*cholars consider that a
1uslims should not travel to
the land of the dis%elievers for
%usiness and they consider the
one who does that to %e fasi6.
)t is also 2araam to sell the
dis%elievers wea#ons and
whoever does that should %e
#unished.
*cholars say that 1uslim
women should never %e ta+en
to the land of the enemy unless
they are within a large 1uslim
army to #rotect them. They
also say that 1uslim women
should not settle in the
dangerous %orderlands of the
1uslims.
!(
CHAPTER 1F A BRIEF
CHAPTER ON THE ART OF
$AR
(1)
Allah mentions =ve things9 if they
e5ist in a =ghting grou# they would
de=nitely win regardless of their
num%ers. These =ve attri%utes are
mentioned in the following two
verses:
E you who have %elieved9 when
you encounter a com#any >from
the enemy forces? stand =rm and
remem%er Allah much that you
may %e successful.
And o%ey Allah and 2is 1essenger9
and do not dis#ute and >thus? lose
courage and >then? your strength
would de#artO and %e #atient.
)ndeed Allah is with the #atient. 7Al
Anfaal 45,4!8
1. -eing steadfast 7=rm8
2. /emem%rance of Allah
3. E%eying Allah and 2is
1essenger
4. Avoiding dis#utes
5. "atience
(?)
The mu.ahideen need to %e alert
and they need to use dece#tion.
The 1essenger of Allah said: GKar
is dece#tionH 7-u+hari and 1uslim8
)t is said that when Ali dueled with
Amr %in A%dwod9 Ali loo+ed over
Amr4s shoulder and said: GAmr )
only came out to =ght you9 not the
two of youH Amr loo+ed %ehind to
see who Ali was tal+ing a%out and
Ali too+ advantage of that and
struc+ him. Amr said: Gou4ve
deceived meNH Ali said: GKar is all
a%out dece#tionNH
(@)
)t is *unnah not to disclose where
the army is heading. The
1essenger of Allah did not disclose
his destination in any %attle e5ce#t
at Ta%oo+ %ecause it was against
the /omans and was far away. 2e
did that in order to have the
1uslims #re#are accordingly.
(@)
The envoy sent to the enemy is a
reDection of the army. The envoy
should %e re#resentative of the
courage9 wisdom9 and intelligence
of the army and its leadershi#. 2ow
many times has an army %elittled
the enemy %ecause of the lac+ of
resolve9 foolishness9 or wea+ness
of the enemy4s messengerM And
how many times has an army held
the enemy in high esteem due to
the dignity9 courage9 Duency or
wisdom of the messenger.
Therefore the commander needs to
ma+e the right choice for this
im#ortant role.
The same envoy should not %e sent
too many times to the same enemy
in order not to have a #ersonal
relationshi# develo# which could in
turn develo# into friendshi#. That
could eventually lead to a lac+ of
e@ectiveness in the envoy4s
mission. )t could lead to treason %y
the envoy.
(4)
The gatherings of the commander
should have readings in the hadiths
of .ihad9 %oo+s of *eerah9 the
history of 1uslim con6uests9 the
art of war9 and stories of the %rave.
That is needed to strengthen the
hearts9 and relief them from the
disease of fear.
(D)
The fundamental issue of
managing warfare is the right
choice of commanders. The
characteristics needed in the
commanders are: Aourage9 #iety9
self,#ossession9 to %e strong
hearted9 and e5#erienced in
warfare. )f the commanders were
such then that would radiate to
their soldiers. A wise man said: A
lion leading one thousand fo5es is
%etter than a fo5 leading one
thousand lions.
Al *irmani 7the famous mu.ahid8
said: The commander of the
mu.ahideen needs to have ten
6ualities:
1. 2ave a heart of a lion. 2e
never feels fear.
2. -e #roud as a tiger. 2e never
hum%les himself in front of his
enemy.
3. -e as ruthless as a %ear. 2e
=ghts with all his wea#ons: 2is
claws and his teeth.
4. Aharge li+e a %oar. 2e never
turns around.
5. Attac+ li+e a wolf. )f one
direction doesn4t wor+ he
would try another.
!. Aarry wea#ons li+e an ant: )t
carries more than its weight.
$. 0irm li+e a roc+
&. "atient li+e a don+ey
(. "ersistent li+e a dog: Kould
follow its game wherever it
goes
10. Always loo+ing for an
o##ortunity li+e an eagle.
(E)
The commander of the army needs
to send out s#ies %efore %attle.
These s#ies should in=ltrate the
enemy4s army and study them:
*tudy the 6uantity and 6uality of
their wea#onry and e6ui#ment9
survey their num%ers9 learn a%out
their leaders and heroes9 and study
their strategies and #lans.
The commander should also try to
sli# through to the enemy4s
commanders #eo#le who would
encourage them to give u#9 or try
to divide them. The commander
should also try to fa%ricate letters
or documents su##osedly written
%y their leaders9 which would
wea+en their soldiers9 and then try
to s#read these among them.
The commander should s#end
great amounts of money on
intelligence. 2e should not hold
%ac+ on s#ending in this area
%ecause if he wins than what he
s#end was indeed well s#ent9 and if
he loses than whatever wealth he
held %ac+ would %e worthless in
the case of loss. "lus e5#ending
money is %etter than e5#ending
1uslim souls on the %attleground.
(F)
Ene of the most im#ortant arts of
war is the art of #re#aring
successful am%ushes. Am%ushing
the enemy #lays an im#ortant role
in casting fear in the hearts of the
enemy. The sur#rise of the am%ush
hurts the enemy and when
attac+ed from %ehind the enemy
feels insecure. A soldier cannot
continue =ghting ahead of him if he
feels insecure from %ehind. The
soldier4s mind %ecomes scattered
%etween attac+ing the enemy in
the front and #rotecting the rear.
Thus9 the morale is wea+ened.
(8)
)f the Amir wants to ta+e a city
then he must %egin with the
surrounding towns and villages. )t
is mentioned that a /oman +ing
wanted to test his generals %efore
sending them to invade the ca#ital
of *icily. 2e #laced a gold coin in
the center of a large rug and told
his generals whoever can get the
coin without ste##ing on the rug
would %ecome the commander. The
generals tried %ut failed. The +ing
then ra##ed the rug and %y doing
$0
so easly got the coin. 2e said: G)f
you want to ta+e the ca#ital you
must ra# all the surrounding areas
=rstH
(8)
discouraged 1uslims from desiring
the facing of the enemy. 2e said:
G'o not as+ for and desire meeting
your enemy. -ut if you do meet
them then %e steadfastH 7-u+hari
and 1uslim8
(1<)
discouraged mutilating the %odies
of the enemy and discouraged
%urning them in =re. 2e #rohi%ited
%rea+ing #romises and
agreements.
The 1essenger of Allah said: G0our
attri%utes if they e5ist in a #erson9
then such a #erson is a #ure
hy#ocrite and if one of them is in a
#erson then such a #erson has an
attri%ute of hy#ocrisy: )f he is
entrusted he is untrustworthyO if he
s#ea+s he liesO if he gives a
#romise he %rea+s itO and he goes
to e5tremes in animosity when he
disagrees with someoneH
Therefore the commander of the
army should %eware of %etrayal
and not +ee#ing one4s word.
T&' (),(A:12),
GKhoever does you a favor than
#ay them %ac+. )f you can4t9 then
#ray for them until you +now that
you4ve #aid them %ac+H
)t is the duty of every 1uslim to
recogniBe the %lessing that they
are in and to than+ the one who
caused it. The 1uslims should #ray
for the ones who gave their lives in
the cause of Allah until )slam
reached us. And we need to admit
that we are nowhere near them.
And we should have certainty that
if it wasn4t that Allah has %lessed
us with the *aha%ah and Ta%i4een
and the ones who followed their
#ath of .ihad ,the #rotectors of
)slamO the heroes of the ImmahO
the men of s#ears and %owsO the
o#eners of the ;ast and KestO the
ones who mo%iliBed the armiesO
who s#ent from their wealthO
fought the tough soldiers of the
worldO defeated the a#ostatesO
%rought down the /omans and
"ersians9 and dran+ their %lood
with the li#s of their swords9 and
made the living among them follow
the dead9 and made their
signi=cance insigni=cant, if it
wasn4t for them9 we would have
not %een en.oying the shade of
)slam9 a %lessing that came to us
from them.
Ke too+ what they #aid for with
their souls and wealth for granted.
And we neglected their #ath of
.ihad. Ke fell down and %ecame
attached to this world and gave u#
our swords. <ow no one tal+s a%out
=ghting and no one encourages it
and thus9 the religion %ecame wea+
and its star fell from the s+y. Today
we are #ic+ed li+e a %ird would #ic+
seeds. Ke are snatched on land
and in the sea.
Therefore9 my %rother9 do admit
that our condition is corru#t. Admit
that we are de=cient after we were
com#lete. And admit that that only
ha##ened when we neglected the
greatest ritual of )slam9 .ihad in the
cause of Allah. Khomever Allah
guides no one can misguide and
whomever Allah misleads no one
can guide.
E Allah don4t ma+e what my #en
has written re.ected from you and
don4t ma+e what ) authored a
witness against me on the 'ay of
3udgment. And E Allah ) as+ you to
grant me a shahadah 7martyrdom8
that would raise my ran+ in
"aradise
1ay your #eace and %lessings %e
on 1uhammad 7saaws8
>The #rayer of the author was
acce#ted. 2e was martyred 2 years
after he =ninshed writing this %oo+?
$1

Ma Shari - Jihad

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THE BOOK OF JIHAD

Al !haam refers to !yria" #ebanon" $alestine and

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