Professional Documents
Culture Documents
) 8.375 x 10
13
x (mg/l Cl
)
2
+1.338 x 10
18
x (mg/l Cl
)
3
PFM
Engineering Calculations Solids Analysis
SG
SW
= 1+1.166 x 10
6
x (50000) 8.375 x 10
13
x (50000)
2
+1.338
x 10
18
x (50000)
3
= 1.0564
r
SW
(lb/gal) = 1.0564 x 8.345 = 8.82 lb/gal
The weight percent sodium chloride of the
saltwater is calculated by the following
expression:
% NaCl (wt) = mg/l Cl
x 1.65
SG
SW
x 10,000
PFM
Engineering Calculations Solids Analysis
Substitute
% NaCl (wt) = 50000 x 1.65
1.0564 x 10,000
= 7.81%
PFM
Engineering Calculations Solids Analysis
The volume percent salt of the mud (V
Salt
)
can be calculated from the specific gravity
and weight percent sodium chloride of
the saltwater by the following equation:
V
Salt
= V
Water
100
-1
SG
SW
(100 % NaCl (wt))
V
Salt
=63% 100
-1
1.0564 (100 7.81))
V
Salt
= 1.69%
PFM
Engineering Calculations Solids Analysis
Frequently this salt concentration is
reported in pounds per barrel using the
following conversion:
NaCl (lb/bbl)
= (V
Water
+ V
Salt
) x mg/l Cl
x 1.65 x 3.5
10,000 100
NaCl (lb/bbl) = (63 + 1.69) x 50000 x 1.65 x 3.5
10000 100
= 18.68 lb/bbl
PFM
Engineering Calculations Solids Analysis
Step 5. Use the material balance and
volume equations to solve for the
remaining unknowns.
V
HGS
and V
LGS
are the only remaining
unknowns. First the volume equation is
solved for V
LGS
in terms of V
HGS
and
substituted into the material balance
equation to obtain:
V
Mud
r
Mud
= V
HGS
r
HGS
+ V
LGS
r
LGS
+ (V
Water
+ V
Salt
) r
SW
+ V
Oil
r
Oil
PFM
Engineering Calculations Solids Analysis
V
HGS
r
HGS
= V
Mud
r
Mud
(100 V
Water
V
Salt
V
Oil
V
HGS
) r
LGS
(V
Water
+
V
Salt
)r
SW
V
Oil
r
Oil
V
HGS
= 100 r
Mud
(100 V
Water
V
Salt
V
Oil
) r
LGS
(V
Water
+ V
Salt
)r
SW
V
Oil
r
Oil
r
HGS
r
LGS
V
HGS
=16 x 100 (100 63 1.69 5) x 21.7 (1.69 + 63) x 8.8 7 x 5
(35 21.7)
V
HGS
= 25.41%
PFM
Engineering Calculations Solids Analysis
This concentration is converted to lb/bbl units
as follows:
HGS (lb/bbl) = V
HGS
x r
HGS
100
HGS (lb/bbl) = 25.41% x (35 lb/gal x 42 gal/bbl)
100
HGS (lb/bbl) = 373.5 lb/bbl
PFM
Engineering Calculations Solids Analysis
Next, V
LGS
can be determined using the
volume equation:
V
LGS
= 100% V
Water
V
Salt
V
Oil
V
HGS
V
LGS
= 100% 63% 1.69% 5% 25.41%
= 4.9%
PFM
Engineering Calculations Solids Analysis
This concentration is converted to lb/bbl units
as follows:
LGS (lb/bbl) = V
LGS
x r
LGS
100
LGS (lb/bbl) = 4.9% x (21.7 lb/gal x 42 (gal/bbl))
100
LGS (lb/bbl) = 44.7 lb/bbl
PFM
Engineering Calculations Solids Analysis
Volume (%)
V
H20
63
V
OIL
5
V
SALT
1.69
V
HGS
25.41
V
LGS
4.9
Total 100.0
PFM
Engineering Calculations Solids Analysis
Weight (lb/bbl)
H2O [0.63 x 350] 220.5
Oil [0.05 x 7 x 42] 14.7
NaCl 18.7
HGS 373.5
LGS 44.7 .
Total 672.1
r
Mud
(lb/gal) = 672.1 = 16.0 lb/gal
42
PFM
Engineering Calculations Solids Analysis
End