LAB#0

Planning Lab for Control Engineering

Objective
To become familiar with Control Engineering basics in terms of Labs.
Setting up of Roadmap for the control engineering labs.
Theory
Control engineering or control systems engineering is the engineering discipline that
applies control theory to design systems with desired behaviors. The practice uses sensors to
measure the output performance of the device being controlled and those measurements can be
used to give feedback to the input actuators that can make corrections toward desired
performance. When a device is designed to perform without the need of human inputs for
correction it is called automatic control (such as cruise control for regulating a car's
speed). Multi-disciplinary in nature, control systems engineering activities focus on
implementation of control systems mainly derived by mathematical modeling of systems of a
diverse range.
Types of the system
An Open-Loop Control system utilizes a controller or control actuator to obtain the
desired response as shown in Figure below. The open-loop control system utilizes an actuating
device to control the process directly without using device. An example of an open-loop control
system is an electric toaster.


A closed-loop control system (shown below) utilizes an additional measure of the actual
output to compare the actual output with the desired output response. The measure of the output
is called the feedback signal. A feedback control system is a control system that tends to
maintain a relationship of one system variable to another by comparing functions of these
variables and using the difference as a means of control. As the system is becoming more
complex, the interrelationship of many controlled variables may be considered in the control
scheme. An example of closed-loop control system is a person steering an automobile by looking
at the autos location on the road and making the appropriate adjustments.


Figure: - Closed Loop System


In this Lab we will discuss about the labs that we will conduct throughout the whole
semester. The labs that we will conduct are given below:

Introduction to Matlab and Simulink.
A general introduction of MATLAB commands, matlab vectors, matlab built in functions
will be overviewed in this lab. Some common functions like sin, cosine, tangent etc will be
examined with their parameters. There will be an introduction to Simulink modeling and there
will also be a comparison between matlab and simulink in terms of their operations.

Time Domain Analysis of 1
st
& 2
nd
Order System.
To understand how to write system equation.
To determine the output of first and second order of the system.

Simulink/ SimScape Introduction
To model different types of sytems like mechanical, electrical, thermal, hydraulic systems.

Time domain Analysis of 1
st
& 2
nd
Order System on Oscilloscope
A hardware description about the order of the system.

Time Response of the system.
To find out the Transient and steady state response of the system.

S-Domain Analysis
To understand how to write system equation of 1
st
& 2
nd
order System in S-domain. To
determine the output of first and second order of the system

Routh Stability Check
The stability of the system is checked using Routh Hurwitz Criteria.

Root Locus Analysis
A general introduction to root locus and how to plot root locus using matlab. Variation of
different parameters like damping factor, natural undamped frequency and gain of the system is
varied and resulting root locus analysis is performed.
Frequency Response of the system.
The frequency response is checked using Bode Diagrams and Nyquist criteria.


PID Controller
The objective of this lab is to design and implement a PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative)
controller and to study the effect of integral control actions on the system.



Q. # Give the analysis of the concepts that you have gained in Lab 0?



























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