Kinds of Quadrilaterals

Trapezium

Kite

Rhomb
us

Parallelogram

Rectangl
e

Parallelogram
Squar
e

Trapezium
Def: Trapezium is a quadrilateral with a pair of parallel sides.
B

AB ||
DC

C
A

B
AB ||
DC

Isosceles trapezium
Def: If the non-parallel sides of a trapezium are of equal length, then the trapezium is an
isosceles trapezium.

B
1) AB ||
DC
2) AD =
BC

Kite
Def: Kite is a quadrilateral with exactly two distinct consecutive pairs of equal sides.

1) AB
=AD
2) BC =
DC

Properties of a Kite
a)

Sides
exactly two distinct
consecutive pairs of
equal sides.

a)

b)

Angles
only one pair of opposite a)
angles are equal.
ABC = ADC
b)
BAD BCD

Diagonals
two diagonals are not
equal

c)

diagonals cut at right

angles.

d)

only one line symmetry

ie AC

one bisects the other.

i.e AC bisects BD and
BO = OD
but OA OC

Parallelogram
Def: A parallelogram is a quadrilateral with each pair of opposite sides are parallel.
A

B
O

Properties of a Parallelogram
a)

Sides
opposite sides are equal
and parallel

a)

AB = DC and AB || DC
AD = BC and AD || BC
b)

Angles
opposite angles are
equal
ABC = ADC
BAD = BCD
adjacent angles are
supplementary
m A+ m B =
1800
m A+ m D =

a)

b)

Diagonals
two diagonals are not
equal

diagonals bisect each

other.
i.e BO = OD and
AO = OC

1800 and so on.

Some Special Parallelograms
Rhombus

Def: A Rhombus is a parallelogram with equal sides

B

AA

C
C
O

Properties of a Rhombus
a)
b)

Sides
all sides are equal
opposite sides are equal
and parallel

a)

Angles
all angles are not equal

a)

b)

opposite angles are equal

ABC = ADC
BAD = BCD

b)

c)

adjacent angles are

supplementary
m A+ m B =
1800
m A+ m D =

c)

AB =DC and AB || DC
AD = BC and AD|| BC

Diagonals
two diagonals are not
equal
diagonals bisect each
other.
i.e BO = OD and AO =
OC
diagonals are
perpendicular to each
other.

1800 and so on.

Rectangle

Def: A Rectangle is a parallelogram with right angles.

A
O

Properties of a rectangle
Angles

Sides
a)

opposite sides are equal

and parallel

a)

all angles are equal and

900

b)

opposite angles are equal

ABC = ADC
BAD = BCD
adjacent angles are
supplementary
m A+ m B =
1800
m A+ m D =
1800 and so on.

Diagonals
a)

two diagonals are equal

b)

diagonals bisect each

other.
i.e BO = OD and AO =
OC

AB =DC and AB || DC
AD = BC and AD|| BC

c)

Square

Def: A Square is a parallelogram with right angles and equal sides.

OR
Def: A Square is a rectangle with equal sides.

O
D

Properties of a Square
a)
b)

Sides
all sides are equal
opposite sides are equal
and parallel
AB =DC and AB || DC
AD = BC and AD|| BC

a)
b)

Angles
all angles are equal to
900
adjacent angles are
supplementary
m A+ m B =
1800
m A+ m D =
1800 and so on.

a)

Diagonals
two diagonals are equal

b)

diagonals bisect each

other.
i.e BO = OD and AO =
OC

c)

diagonals are
perpendicular to each
other.