Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MBA 4th B
Dec 31, 2012
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Praise and thanks to ALLAH Almighty, the one testing us all at all times and making
decisions about what we dont know and cant know.
The report being submitted today is a result of collective effort. There are innumerous
helping hands behind who have guided us on our way. Writing this report appeared to be a
great experience to us. It added a lot to our knowledge. This report is one of our memorable
experiences in student life.
Though words are inadequate in offering thanks to our teacher but we owe our profound
gratitude to Maam Ayesha Javaid for stimulating our creative abilities by assigning this
project to us and for her able guidance and useful suggestions, which helped us in completing
the project in time. Whatever we have learnt from her and this project report has put indelible
impression on our minds and it is our conviction that this learning experience will always be
a source of help in our practical life and professional career.
Finally, yet importantly, we would like to express our heartfelt thanks to our beloved parents,
for cooperation, help, kindness and blessings, our family and friends for their help and wishes
for the successful completion of the work.
Table of Content
1.Executive summary... 1
2.Introduction ...2
3.NESTLE.....3
3.1NESTLE Pakistan..3
3.2Vision.4
3.3Mission...4
3.4Goals and Objectives..5
3.5SWOT.....9
4.ENGRO FOODS..10
4.1Vision10
4.2Mission..10
4.3Core values10
4.4SWOT12
5.Financial Statements of NESTLE ......... 14
5.1Balance Sheet14
5.2Income Statement.16
6.Financial Statements of ENGRO....17
6.1Balance sheet17
6.2Income Statement.19
7.Data Table...20
7.1 The calculations.21
8.Balance sheet Analysis ....23
9. Income Statement Analysis .24
1. Executive Summary
The report which is based on the financial analysis of NESTLE and ENGRO FOODS. By
going through all the financial statements it is known that overall NESTLE is working so
well if compared to ENGRO FOODS. But by going through the financial ratio analysis the
facts were that ENGRO is much more competitive than NESTLE.
As ENGRO FOODS is not in the market as long as NESTLE is. This is analyzed through
financial analysis that ENGRO is working so efficiently and effectively and is coming up
with new features and advanced technology that others are not using.
In the report history of both companies, SWOT analysis, financial statements, financial
ratios, financial ratio analysis, cash budget and finally the report is concluded and
recommendations are given at the end.
2. Introduction
This is the project about financial statement analysis of two companies of the same
industry. In this regard the companies which were chosen to be analyzed are NESTL
PAKISTAN and ENGRO FOODS LIMITED. Both the companies are of food industry
and are dealing in food business for many years. The companies are well reputed in the
market and deal in a very wide range of food products.
As NESTL, a very, well-known brand started its business life with only one product
and that was condensed milk for infants. And now it has captured everyones mind for its
tempting products; as chocolates, coffee, bottled water, powdered milk, flavored milk, tea
whitener and many more. The company has strong marketing strategies to come up with
in a competitive market. It has targeted all of its customers no matter they are of what
age. The company is standing in the market with share price of 4,844. How it standing in
the market with such price? How it satisfies its shareholders? Why dont investors
invest in other companies?
The answer to all above question is clear after going through its financial reports. The
profit that the company earns and the balance it has kept between its assets and liabilities
is also easily understandable after going through its financial statements. The company is
running its business so well. And that is why it never loses its value.
ENGRO FOODS is also a very, well-reputed company which produces a wide range of
healthy food products. Is product line contains products such as milk, tea whitener,
cream, ice cream, juices, flavored milk and many others. ENGRO FOODS is the 1st
company which is using Bactofuge technology.
The company has not been in this business for as long as NESTL is, but the way it has
grown up is appreciable. It has come up with innovative features in its products. Through
its financial statements it is analyzed that how efficiently it has increased its share price
from Rs. 17 to Rs. 25. It provides many incentives to it stockholders is also growing its
market share. The company has capability to pay it liabilities on time and to keep its
assets managed.
ENGRO FOODS not only provide incentives to its stockholders but also to its
employees. It offers its employees much outdoor training so that they can work in a
healthy environment and dont get tired of their hectic routine. That is why it has many
loyal employees to work with.
3. NESTL
Good Food, Good Life
Nestl, theCompany which is renowned for its vast collection of foodproducts. The
Companywas formed in 1905 by the merger of the Anglo-Swiss Milk Company, established
in 1866 by brothers George Page and Charles Page, and Farine Lacte.Nestl was found in
1866 by Henri Nestl. The company grew significantly during the First World War and again
following the Second World War, expanding its offerings beyond its early condensed milk
and infant formula products. The company has made a number of corporate acquisitions,
including Crosse & Blackwell in 1950, Findus in 1963, Libby's in 1971, Rowntree
Mackintosh in 1988 and Gerber in 2007.
As Nestl started with a condensed milk and later it climbed so fast at the ladder of
success that it is now a leading brand in food products with so many sub-brands.Currently
Nestl is dealing with bottled water, breakfast cereals, coffee, confectionery, dairy products,
ice cream, pet foods, other beverages, shelf stable, chilled, Ice cream, Infant nutrition,
performance nutrition, healthcare nutrition, frozen foods, refrigerated products, food services
and professional products and snacks.29 of Nestl's brands have annual sales of over 1 billion
Swiss francs (about $ 1.1 billion). Nestl has around 450 factories, operates in 86 countries,
and employs around 328,000 people. It is one of the main shareholders of L'Oral, the world's
largest cosmetics company.
3.1 NESTL in Pakistan
Nestl has been serving Pakistani consumers since 1988, when parentcompany, the
Switzerland-based Nestl SA, first acquired a share in Milk PakLtd. Today Nestl is fully
integrated in Pakistani life, and is recognized asthe producer of safe, nutritious and tasty food,
and leaders in developing anduplifting the communities in which they operate.Nestl Pakistan
ensures that their products are made available toconsumers wherever in the country they
might be. Convenience is at theheart of the Nestl philosophy, and there aim is to bring
products to people'sdoorsteps.
The following project is about Nestl Pakistan and the necessary details about Nestl
Pakistan are as follow:
Ticker: NESTL
Country: PAKISTAN
Exchanges: KAR
Major Industry: Food & Beverages
Sub Industry: Diversified Food
Lead a dynamic, passionate and professional workforce proud of our heritage and
positive about the future.
Meet the nutrition needs of consumers of all ages from infancy to old age, from
nutrition to pleasure, through an innovative portfolio of branded food and beverage
products of the highest quality.
3.3 Mission
Nestl is dedicated to providing the best foods to people throughout their day,
throughout their lives, throughout the world. With our uniqueexperience of anticipating
consumers needs and creating solutions, Nestlcontributes to your well-being and enhances
your quality of life.
3.4 Goals and Objectives
The goals and objectives of Nestl Pakistan are simple and well designed with the core
strategies to meet the demand of the consumers and to fulfill the needs of the customers.
Following are the main goals and;
1. To be, the best and quality providing brand among other brands in Pakistan.
3.5.4 Threats
Their weakness of not having enough raw material production units (which cause
them to depend on other producers) and their dependency on other producers can threaten to
reduce thequality of products they offer. The contamination of food products is a major threat
to Nestl in the market. Intense competition in its market segments also possesses a major
challenge to Nestl as its competitors are also trying to increasing their product ranges which
might make inroads into Nestl's profit.
Another threat to Nestle can be the maturity of the markets which they are entering n.
For example, in France, DANONE has already established itself as a market leader in case of
yogurt before Nestle launched its LC-1 division in France and could not compete against the
well-establishedDANONE. The consumers frequently tend to change their preference of
brands, so change in consumer trends is a threat to Nestl.
4. ENGRO FOODS
The Local Flavor with a global Vision
Engro Foods (Pvt.) Limited (EFL) has been established in 2005 as part of a
diversification process at the Engro Group. The plant located at Sukkhur on 23 acre land, has
the raw milk reception capability of 300,000 liters per day and UHT milk capacity of 200,000
liters per day. The plant has been established at a cost of Rs. 1 billion which provides direct
employment to 750 people.
Engro Foods has entered the Food business through milk processing and sale with the
companys vision to pursue growth opportunities based on country fundamentals and own
strength. It also positions the company to leverage its corporate social responsibility
initiatives and work closely with rural communities to promote integrated farming and
livestock development. This effort is expected to play a pivotal role in poverty alleviation and
improving livelihoods of the poor in the milk collection areas.
4.1 Vision
To be the Premier Pakistani Enterprise with a global reach, passionately pursuing
value creation for all stake holders.
4.2 Mission
To help farmers maximize their farm produce by providing quality plantnutrients and
technical services upon which they can depend. To create wealth by building new businesses
based on company and country strengths inPetrochemicals, Information Technology,
Infrastructure and other Agriculturalsectors. In pursuing the mission we shall at all-time be
guided in our conductand decision making by our Core Values.
4.3 Core Values
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
4.4.2 Weaknesses
One major weakness of Engro Foods in dairy products, which is that 85% of its milk
collection centers are in Punjab, while processing unit is in Sindh.
Higher transportation cost.
Dependency on TETRA PAK for the entire packing of its dairy products.
Paying higher cost of packing of products results in higher overall products cost.
The product range of Engro Foods narrows as compared to its competitors.
4.4.3 Opportunities
Pakistan is the fourth largest milk producing country. So, its an opportunity for
company to grow in this sector.
Engro Foods can increase awareness though different media, by showing ads thoseare
according to cultural requirements of Pakistan.
By increasing the milk related products company can go globally.
Engro can launch products like dry milk, cereal and Yogurts etc.
Growing dissatisfaction with milkmens milk and increasing awareness about
healthand hygiene issues have led to increased processed milk consumption.
4.4.4 Threats
Assets:
2011(Rs)
16,230,528
5,370,561
21,601,089
Intangible assets
Long term loan and advances
Long term security deposits
Total intangible assets
11,954
161,982
9,817
183,753
Current assets
Stores and spares
Stock in trade
Trade debts
Current portion of long term loans and advances
Advances, deposits, prepayments and other receivables
Cash and bank balances
Total current assets
Total assets
1,278,416
7,064,170
276,858
30,914
4,042,634
702,025
13,395,017
35,179,859
2011(RS)
Owners Equity
Share capital and reserves
Authorized capital 75,000,000(2010:75,000,000)ordinary Shares of Rs 10 each
750,000
453,496
249,527
280,000
Accumulated profit
Total Owners Equity
6,629,393
7,612,416
Non-current liabilities
Long term finances
Deferred taxation
Retirement benefits
Liabilities against assets Subject to finance lease
Total non-current liabilities
7,848,050
2,476,871
440,377
13,690
10,778,988
Current liabilities
Current portion of non-current liabilities
Short term borrowings from associated company - unsecured
Short term borrowings secured
Short term running finance under markup arrangements-secured
Customer security deposit Interest free
Trade and other payables
Interest and markup accrued
Total current liabilities
Total Equity and Liabilities
41,587
--4,950,000
4,175,236
149,791
7,343,507
128,334
16,788,455
35,179,859
2011(Rs)
Net sales
Cost of goods sold
Gross profit
64,824,364
(48,099,046)
16,725,318
(6,862,113)
(1,405,298)
8,457,907
(1,050,355)
(1,064,233)
(2,114,588)
159,545
6,502,864
(1,834,507)
4,668,357
102.94
Assets
Non-Current Assets
Property,plant and equipment
Biological Assets
Intangible Assets
Long term advances, deposits and payments
Total non-current assets
2011(Rs)
9,615,426
496,809
133,598
24,212
10,270,045
Current Assets
Stores,spares and loose tools
Stock in trade
Trade debts
Advances, deposits and prepayments
Other receivables
Taxes recoverable
Derivative financial instrument
Short term investments
Cash and bank balance
Total current assets
Total Assets
571,812
2,637,816
87,121
266,093
1,160,126
1,443
--1,294,000
350,728
6,369,139
16,639,184
2011(Rs)
Owners equity
Share capital
Share premium
Hedging reserve
Accumulated loss
Total Owners Equity
7517,889
722,182
(18,178)
(984,951)
7,236,942
5,610,000
1,295
308,090
1,870
5,921,255
465,000
3,884
2,343,506
27,966
368,152
20,229
252,250
3,480,987
16,639,184
2011(Rs)
Net sales
Cost of goods sold
Gross profit
29,859,226
(23,230,445)
6,628,781
(3,716,489)
(504,722)
(208,902)
213,133
2,411,801
(1,049,141)
1,362,660
(471,687)
890,973
1.22
7. Data Table
The other data of NESTL and ENGRO FOODS used in financial ratios analysis is as
follow:
NESTL
ENGRO FOODS
Total Assets
35,179,859
16,639,184
Current Assets
13,395,017
6,369,139
Current Liabilities
16,788,455
3,480,987
Inventories
7,046,126.522
3,046,859.795
Net Income
4,524,771
890,973
Average Total Assets*
10,873,970
14,549,624
Beginning Assets
8,352,923
12,460,064
Ending Assets
13,395,017
16,639,184
Average Stockholders
6,597,144.5
2,923,870.5
Equity**
Beginning Equity
5,581,873
5,124,047
Ending Equity
7,612,416
7,236,942
Sales
64,824,364
29,859,226
Number of Common Stock
45,350.272
370,305.7377
Cost of Goods Sold
48,099,046
23,230,445
Total Stockholders Equity
7,612,416
7,236,942
EBIT***
6,586,973
1,388,430
EBT
6,502,864
1,362,660
Interest Expenses
84,109
25,770
Market Price Per Shares
4,844
25
EPS
102.94
1.22
Inventory Turnover
9.2
8.9
EAT
4,668,357
890,973
Gross Profit
16,725,318
6,628,781
Total Liabilities
2756443
9,402,242
**Average Stockholders
Equity
***EBIT
NESTL
= (8,352,923+13,395,017) / 2
= 21747940 / 2
= 10,873,970
= (5,581,873+7,612,416) / 2
ENGRO FOODS
= (12,460,064+16,639,184) /
2
= 29,099,248 / 2
= 14,549,624
= (5,124,047+7,236,942) / 2
= 13,194,289 / 2
= 6,597,144.5
= 6,502,864+84,109
= 6,586,973
= 5,847,741 / 2
= 2,923,870.5
= 1,362,660+25,770
= 1,388,430
Current Ratio
Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities
= 13,395,017 / 16,788,455
= 0.80
Quick Ratio
Quick Ratio = (Current Assets Inventories) / Current Liabilities
= (13,395,017 7,046,126.522) / 16,788,455
= 0.38
Current Ratio
Current Ratio = Current Assets/ Current Liabilities
= 6,369,139 / 3,480,987
= 1.83
Quick Ratio
Quick Ratio = (Current Assets Inventories)/Current Liabilities
= (6,369,139 3,046,859.795) / 3,480,987
= 0.95
Current Ratio
Current ratio tells us the short term solvency of the firm and tells the ability of
the firm to repay its short term obligations. In nestle the firm has 0.80 ability to repay
against the $ 1 loan and Engro has 1.83 so this implies that Engro food has more
ability to repay its short term obligations.
Quick Ratio
Quick ratio measures the firms ability to pay off short term obligations
without relying on the sale of inventory. Nestle has the quick ratio of 0.38 whereas
Engro foods has 0.95 chances of paying off its short term obligations without relying
on the level or sales of inventory.
12.2Profitability Analysis
Return on Investment
How much a firm is returning to its stockholder only in the case if the firm is
earning profit? Nestle have return on investment ratio 0.13 or 13% whereas Engro
foods has 0.05 or 5% means nestle is returning more than Engro foods so it is better to
invest in nestle.
12.3Activity Analysis
2011(Rs)
Collection:
Cash Sales
Credit Sales
Total Sales
63,493,494
1,330,870
64,824,364
Disbursement:
Purchases
10,949,999
Other Payment:
Taxes
Rent
Wages and Salaries
Interest
Depreciation
Other Expenses
Total of Other payment and Purchases
1,834,507
241,502
4,277,554
364,375
1,618,271
405,262
19,691,470
67,365
64,824,364
(19,691,470)
45,200,259
2011(Rs)
Collections:
Cash Sales
Credit Sales
Total Sales
29,419,835
439,391
29,859,226
Disbursement:
Purchases
3,334,977
Other payments:
Taxes
Rent
Wages and Salaries
Interest
Depreciation
Other expenses
Total of Other Payments and Purchases
Net Cash flow:
Beginning balance
Collections
Disbursement
Ending Balance
603,853
217,821
1,271,114
51,537
1,023,597
208,902
6,711,801
5,124,407
29,859,226
(6,711,801)
28,271,832
15.Conclusion
After all the findings, it is concluded that financial ratios are the basic and
most important part of any business. It describes the firms financial position. As the
data indicates that NESTLE is an international brand and has expanded its business on
the large geographical area and also offers the large range of products, but on the
other side ENGRO food offers the limited range of the products and most of them are
dairy products.
From the financial statements it is clear that the financial position of the
NESTLE is far better than ENGRO as it is more preferred by the customers and also
an internationally distributed. It also has less risk. It gives more return because it gains
more profit than ENGRO.On the other hand ENGRO deals with the limited products
in a limited geographical area but on the basis of financial ratios ENGRO has a better
financial position and also has an opportunity to expand its business. Both the
companies have some opportunities and threads and they need to work on it.
16.Recommendations
NESTLE doesnt have any direct market and outlets so it can be a disadvantage so
they should facilitate their customers through pricing strategies and if they start direct
market or open the outlets so the prices will fall automatically and customers need not
to pay any extra money to the suppliers.
NESTLE Pakistan mostly depends on the local raw material and sometimes the
quality of the raw material is not as good as in the other countries so they should not
rely on the local raw material if they want to provide the quality products.
ENGRO foods should introduce other product lines and expand the business.
ENGRO foods should distribute their products to more geographical areas.
As NESTLE is a well-known product and ENGRO food is not as known
internationally as NESTLE is, so they need to spend more money on the marketing
activities.
ENGRO food is better than NESTLE in the financial analysis so if they expand their
product line and cover the same geographical area as NESTLE has covered so
ENGRO can appear as a strong competitor of NESTLE and HALEEB.
17.References
1.
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3.
4.