Professional Documents
Culture Documents
The
The
Evolution To Bioethics
MEDICAL
ETHICS
BIOTECHNOLOGY
ETHICAL ISSUES
ENVIRONMENTAL
ETHICS
BIOETHICS
There has been an evolution of the terminology over the years, from genetic
engineering to genetic manipulation to genetic modification, in attempts to
lessen any negative connotations. It has been suggested that the scientists
should have stuck with recombinant DNA technology, which is the general
technical term for this range of techniques.
MALAYSIAN BIOETHICS
Medical
During 25 years after the Second World War (1939-1945), several factors came
together to give rise to the birth of the discipline of bioethics.
A frog has been cloned in Cambridge in the early 1950s.
In 1953, Watson and Crick made their ground-breaking discovery of the structure of
DNA.
The structure of DNA was being thought in the senior years of secondary school but
much was still based on classical genetics. It was not until the early 1970s that
modern molecular biology really took off, opening our later ability to manipulate
genes, study them in great detail, to diagnose and select against genetic disease in
the early embryo.
Massive advances were also taking place in many other branches of biomedicine:
Human organs were being transplanted
Life could be prolonged by drugs and surgery
The functions of organs such as the kidneys and the lungs could be taken over
by machines.
Studies of mammalian fertilization led to the creation of test-tube babies
Genetic tests could be applied to embryos created in vitro.
Mammals were eventually cloned.
There
Some
Regulations
Different
The
The