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COSMOGONY
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THE
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PART
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PUBLISHING
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ESTKRO,
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MORROW
G.
K0BE8HAN
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THB
AUTHOB
Geodesy
PROFESSOR
FOB
BBLIOIO-80IBNCB;
LITBBATUBB.
II
New
OBODE8I8T
foundation."
KORESH
K0BB8HAN
yOLUMB8
palsb
PART
A8TB0N0MBB
Koreshanity
"astbonomt's
addkndum:
BY
TBB
Universology
(with
SPHERE
A.
K.
65.
HOUSE,
BDITOB
OF
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COPYRIGHT
GUIDING
STAR
BY
PUBLISHING
HOUSE
1898
PRESERVATION MASTER
ATHARVARD
'DEDICATION
/t
T^is
line
little
of
is part
work
tl^e cArm^
shall
never
every
xiesiige of
of
sfyiU
liave
the
to
all
men
in
tlieir
to
ignorance
competitive
the
religion
oblivion,
to
Resurrection,
tl^e Lord,
of
it;
dedicate
in
all
liberation
system.
evils
the,,,
Isapremely
tl^ence
and
relegated
It
until
and
fallacies
".To
Offspring
skirmish
influence
science
of
the
^{evolation.
its
been
Firstf raits
of
of
cease
perverted
and
grades
from
tl^e
of
t^e
hells
KORESH,
"
ress
progdom
thral-
of
the
Contents.
Part
I.
latrodttctlon.
TH9
Pages
OF
UJRIVSRSO^OOT
the
great
motion.~The
remote
Bihlical
the
force
mental
the
shell
The
of the
form
cause
Precession
the
of
of
Laws
Universe."
Ck"smogony
vanishing
of
principles
Horizontal
Level,
extended
surface
as
of
accurate
rectilineation."
ment
measure-
Geodetic
Modern
has
ISartli Is
shape."
Not
of
the
Earth
propositions.
our
pivoted
Is the
"
to
convergent
or
by the
the
water
comments,
Chicago."
feature
is not
of
of
the
convex."
the
and
final
of
true
water's
apply
vision
the
admissions."
Experiments
Earth
laws
on
of
Experiments
observation,
basis
zontal
Horiof
usual
point." Modern
conducted
on
the
of demonstration
means
observations
in
of
surveyor."
the
in Concave
Experiments
used
convexity
vanishing
the
Staffl" Universal
Convincing
phenomena
the
not
Appearances
and
and
of lateral
Geodetic
denials,
that
Limit
but
standpoint
bross-hair
to discover
Koreshan
Canal,
the
Earth."
Series
Proctor's
striking
f^om
Concave
The
facts'and
usual
rotundity,
Convex."
Drainage
"The
the
unable
been
Earth's
surface
shape
of
tangent
The
tangents
in
calculations."
Geodetic
The
Line,
the
prove
Horizontal
science
of the
fairness
The
Operations."
tangents
of the
II.
Question
Air
an
Astronomy
Earth."
Survey
40-47
Oeodetlc
Modem
The
specificproposition."
trasted
con-
ship's hull,
34-39
Ol^ODlSST."
upon
of
is it
49-34
Part
NBW
motion
Why
revolutionized
THB
noxes
Equi-
zz-a8
proofs of Koreshan
The
from
the
school."
of
Cause
Transposition of
energy."
of
UnlTene^
of motion
manifestations."
old
Outline
Contour."
of the
Amotion."
Universe?
Positive
Service."
The
(physical)
of the
Earth's
of the
motion."
Firmament
or
Illitaloaa."
Oeodetlc
Koreshan
the
assumptions
visual impression
of
laws
"The
in
and
Astro-Biological
the
with
physical
Motion
point of yiew."
Alchemico-Organic
to
and
Factor*
cause
to the
to know
neoeisary
of
fonn
The
World."
Theological
Disci
Planetary
Optical
and
related
as
KOR13SHANITT."
Alchemlco-Organic
5-9
the
47-63
the
water's
Hydrostatics."
on
return
the
journey.
giving unmistakable
on
Lake
Old
Michigan. 64-76
dence
evi-
INDBX.
Obsenratioas
Gulf
of
Mexico
Sanibel
at
leveL"
Gulf
Series of Experiments
Waters."
of
Bay
observations
Beach."
with
Ancient
and
Geometry."
modem
Geodetic
Transposition
invention
Fundamental
apparatus."
Geometrical
from
Mechanical
to
of
Operandi
Koreshan
Oeodetic
of Meridian
Expedition."
in the
Arc
Florida
the
87-zoo
of Reversals
proved." System
Levels,
Investigating Committee
Resnlts
and
Inevitable
of the Air
of the
Air
world's
of the
and
Oeodetic
each
Daily
Two
other."
Gordon's
over
Facts
facts of
of
results
exceeds
Reprints and
direct
importance
in
to irrational
and
objections urged."
of
objections
by the Rectillneator.-
Geodetic
Geometric
The
experiments
Other
which?
nacy
Obstiratio
objections
measurement."
Convex,
or
of
altitude
of the
Conclusion
answers
obtained
charge
to
Pass."
of measurement
ZZ3-Z34
critics."
of
sion
exten-
Line
in its success,
Conclusive
classes
Reply
Concave
Press."
of
tradict
con-
Charge of
corroborate
134-145
"
Reports of
Irive
by
startlingclaim that their theory is demonstrated
the
How
Surveys." Propositions of the Roreshans."
made."
to
contest"
Scientists
chaUenged
Easily
open
Korcshans*
Hbbald).-
and
Experiments
were
susceptible
and
Louisville
and
of measurements
testimony
water."
Staf^
the
zoo-zza
surfaces."
Convex
Geodesy,
by chagrined
surveys
the
of the
the Survey,"
Science
Details
The
into
and
New
Measures."
of
Personnel
25 tide staflQs."Comparative
on
Snnrey."
Concavity."
falsification
the
Line
Tide
uniform
manifested
In
of
records."
of Witnesses
water."
Line
Air
The
arguments
Earth's
the
Concave
on
demonstration."
Bchoes
into
of the
measurements
the
Corps
Conclnsions.-
Line
extension
altitude
and
horizon."
The
and
Final
System
in the measurement
ator
Accuracy of the RectillneTests."
Preparations lor the
Survey."
and
Geodetic
involved
Factors
Coast
metrical
Geo-
principles of
principles^^
New
Geodesy.
"
The
on
demonstration."
direct
in
eye
of
logic
steps in the
Sttrrey" Successive
applied Mechanics
to
decision."
Theology."
What
Courier-Joubnal)."
great Revolution
benefits
would
Prof. Morrow
would
'
Naples Bay.
76-87
on
concavity visible
of Mecluuiical
the
Staft
Geodetic
Experiments
propositions and
The
Naples
by Koreshan
and
on
visible 25 miles
Romano
Cape
the
conducted
from
Obseryations
Naples."
84 miles."
Remarkable
of Mexico
"Water's
Principles
and
light visible
water
the
Sotttliem
on
result"
Koreshan
(from
Theories."
Hollow."
Experiments in Florida." Believes he has proved the Earth
and
of
the
inside.Relations
Stars to
and
Sun, Moon,
planets on
People
the world." Explanation of Gravity." Reverse
of popular theories." How
THE
eclipsei
creatiou."
of
of the
Circnmnayigation
occur."
Theory
COSMOGONY.
CELLULAR
the
Is
globe." Planets
Copemican
populated."
not
System
All
Wrong?
X45-X68
The
Globe
Hollow
truth
the
of
of
Copemican
and
the
chord
arc"
of
The
Firmament
hand,"
His
and
What
where
and
demonstrates
Cosmogony
Scriptures."Texts
Firmamental
and
Moon,
"Hollow
of
of
compared."
systems
The
the
Cellular
The
the
of
relations
the
demonstration
environ."
Bible."
Astronomy
Concavity,
Earth's
the
and
the
the
are
concerning
and
The
is
Earth's
the
the
tific
Stars; scienand
Koreshan
circumferential
Concavity."
motion
The
?"
arc
Sun,
z68-z84
Appendix."
to
prevent
Concerning
from
anyone
the
Balloon."
Concave."
Convex."
tampering
shape
View
of the
Appears
Advertisements.
with
of the World."
as
Apparatus."
The
immense
a
Concave
Testimony
Concavity
terrestrial
surface"
of the
basin.Concave
of
Aeronauts
Earth
as
seen
Positively appeared
Instead
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{^
Introduction.
THIS
SCIENTIFIC
execution
!
I
ducted
of the
of the
"
stupendous
*s
is convex,
fallacy,the
does
discovery of
be
to
a
surface
and
principles
phenomena
be
to
to indicate
the
After
the
influence
appearances
the
weight
imposed
we
to
cosmic
and
the
This
of
rate
and
optical
earth
visual
the
cur-
ference
circumcommon
illusion
were
strated
demon-
optically
seemed
appearances
from
the
Under
which
the
domain
such
in
their
effort
to
knowledge
hend
compre-
experiencing
of
optical science
enlighten
impulse, having
to
illusory optical
and
suggestion urged
of
find
effort to
capacity
foreshortening,
and
the
fruitless
almost
foreshortening
discoverer,
principles,
form.
withj
concave,
Applying
efficient,with
responsibility
the
transpose,
mechanical
of
of
years
perspective
upon
declared
then
contrary.
principles
of
announced
,
being
in
and
Universology,
perspective foreshortening,
although
twenty-seven
in
he
mile.
the
miles.
of
concave,
of
eight thousand,
optics, with
digious
pro-
to the
adherents,
analogy,
earth
to
of
capable, honest,
man
the
of
for,
and
form, which
of
diameter
according
System
comparative
eight inches
scientificallyaccounted
of
twenty-five thousand
of
the
give
law
cosmogonic
of about
would
vation
all
the
cellular, the
curvature
laws
the
the
of scientific accuracy.
of
summated
con-
predicated that
advocates
Koreshan
most
that
assumption
which,
system,
of the
ever
the
con-
to the
projected and
been
has
enthusiastic
Author
basis
there
of
^mechanically
preliminary
the
Upon
Copemican
most
the
1870,
the
upon
the
contain
not
In
its
of
but
details
to
"
exposition
intellect.
of the* earth
admission
concavity, is
comprehensive
human
by
surface
practicaldemonstration
earth
and
largely devoted
volume,
the
found
the
truth
itself
that
that
to
world
our
of
as
man,
THE
the
urged
we
right-angle
G.
mechanical
the honor
has
Morrow
the
proof of
demonstrated
contour, in the
its true
to examine
without
Professor
to
climax,
is but
part of
the
expression
manifest
this form
with
if this
Deity,
of
Source
Supreme
the structure
hence
known;
the
be
being
and
mankind
is
by
demand
we
not
of the
and
is not
and
of
astronomy,
we
only would
the
universe
of the
the
its
himself
therefore
would
beyond
our
be
beyond
adoration.
the
designate
be
comprehended
absolutely
are
is
his
the
be
the
fallacious
universe
cause
God
of
work
handi-
supreme
development.
conclude
incomprehensible, and
tion
causa-
unknowable,
research
of
ward
out-
to
until
God
to know
deduction
accept the logical
system
and
but
world
of all intellectual
If
can
the
most
knowledge
universe
of
(the
disclosed.
necessarily
cannot
activity,
of the
the
Given
had
cosmos
language
employed
organic
therefore
is
ignorant
that
which
of
function
It is the
term
work, however,
and
cause
and
conclusion
This
symbolism.
function
and
carried forward
been
alchemico-
power.
of
the
confirmation of
and
ultimate
function, the
its
has
for its
The
form
enough
also, of having
mathematical
form
of creative
in the
of
doubt
having
the
absolutely
so
honest
honor
mathematical
enunciated.
physicaluniverse) is
the
by which
is
person
any
overwhelming.
structure, the
already been
earth
additional
geometrical and
great system
Professor
possibilityof
the
demonstration
geometrical and
cosmic
until
the
irrefutable and
the
of the
of
of all the
Geodetic
"
invention
cal
verti-
prejudice,the proofsoffered.
or
has
Morrow
successful
mind
bias
of
concavity
from
earth.
of the
the
mechanical
be drawn
surface
preclude even
to
as
application of
line could
the
point perpendicularto
U.
COSMOGONY.
the
for
necessity
by which
device
CKI.I.UI.AR
Copemi-
to be
equally
so;
itable
illimfore,
there-
forever
INTRODUCTION.
Koreshan
The
tionate
its
human
mind.
of
to his supreme
man
Eternal, whence
of the
in the system
the
outward
mere
cosmic
Grand
or
in the process
from
hence
universal
which
form
human
Its functions
the
in
language
of
society;for
activities
societal
through
direction.
of the
not
become
and
world
his relation
genuine
to man
human
of the contrast,
the fallacious
and
and
the
in
a
a
of
and
societal
composite unity,
intellectual
energy
part
counter-
knowledge
alchemico-organic
which
the human
fallacious
true
relations
man's
is essential
race.
and
defensive
the end
genuine system
to be
of
knowledge
to
him,
perfectionand happiness. In
regarding
cosmos
theologicalsystem
of offensive
that
other.
into the
anthropomorphic
state
mate
legiti-
the
Genuine
and
theology
chaos,
know
we
of the
pattern
of
perpetuityof
follow, because
belligerency,anarchy,
to
the
structured
if
readilytranslated
of the
function
the
maintained
essential
into that
structured
will
organic unity
and
Therefore,
activities.
application
and
It is
it must
organic shape
alchemico-organic(physical)world.
It does
God
tion,
attains its incuba-
is the
and
yet
alchemico-organiccosmos,
the
has
the
not
perfectedgenus.
form
also be
functions
It
structure
to the
in
its
the
one
can
humanity
definitelystructured.
of this
fellowshipwill finallybecome
of the
to
visible
form
macro-
perfectedstate,
macrocosm
it obtains
and
language of
and
reaches
humanity
as
structure
evolved
is
cosmic
correspondent, the
correspondentialorganism.
render
can
external
firstfruitsof the
the
when
the
assume
we
the
toward
^the
"
of which
its
of the
exaltation,
origin.
alchemico-organiccell
the egg
of
acme
attained
was
the
germinal beginning,
The
dominion
it
as
ultimate
of the
the attainment
his
development
approached only
the
to piopor-
comprehension
he had
cell,is
Man.
of
universe
of
possibility
inheritance,the
to
the
the
the
restoringhim
Embraced
is
within
cause
It demonstrates
universe, thus
throne
reduces
Cosmogony
limits, and
is not
the
phasis
em-
attained,between
of cosmogony
(the Coper-
THE
and
nican
the
the
fallacyhave
and
whether
then, should
investigationof
the
because
the
it to
assured
we
effect,
knowledge
might
mind
The
instrumental
and
acquire social
thus
universal
of the
we
individual
and
and
form
of the
universe,
knowing
scious
con-
its power.
acquisitionof universal
lectually
intel-
become
social fabric,
the
perfection,thence
individual
and
because
"
through
through it we
learn
We
know
to
that
alchemico-organiccosmos,
construction
the
become
immortality.
function
insure
may
and
organization of
the
in
and
cause;
that
in the
resides
knowledge,
of the
form
its
already pronounced
cause^
into
enter
moves
waste
unthinkable,
and
of the
ourselves
we
it has
language of
the
be
humanity
the exact
to know
sought
We
knew
we
Copernican
earth
the
which
that
incomprehensible,unknown,
illimitable
the
illimitable,it is equally
be
universe
If the
incomprehensible. Why,
energiesin
in
expended
know
to
care
we
is stationary ?
or
wealth
the
tigation,
inves-
of
labor
specific
purpose.
no
do
Why
Koreshan), we
time,
COSMOGONY.
CEI.I.UIAR
the
of
organo-vital cosmic
organism.
perfectionof
The
the
(the
macrocosm
of
individual
the
influence.
are
The
the
to
of which
earth
as
is
eternal
perpetuity of
stability of
knowledge
is found
As
so
astral
the
related
in
nucleus
as
of the
the
body,
heart
of the
is the
and
form
in
the
the
geometricallyconfirmedin
lineator.
the
upon
application
and
institution
to the
depends
Man)
upon
human
fundamental
few
their
Grand
perfectionof the
The
Man.
depends
structure
cosmic
all
of
they
structure, the
basis
applicationof
of the
to the
of
the
parts of
the
collection
the
Recti-
mos
alchemico-organiccos-
function
body,
as
shape
the
essential
happiness
the convergence
vidual
center
human
as
in
and
all
circumference
energies
cosmic
seat of the
and
structure,
commerce
distribution,hence
INTRODUCTION.
be
society must
and
distribute
and
sustained
of
of the
organicallystructured
so
the
applicationof economic
of this
knowledge
world
to possess
The
law.
is founded
upon
ment
attain-
knowledge
devoted
we
mechanical
the
the purpose
proofs
of
God; not
be when
the
ism
of his
The
Lord
*s
forms
Christ
Deity; and
glory. This
to believe
works.
All
the
that
like
him
knowledge
is
earth's
is
edge
knowl-
the
he
as
in the
was
for
taught
is his
man
of God
in his
that
of
simple
some
and
known
mechanical
segregate state,but
the Son
alchemico-organicmacrocosm,
and
world
face,
sur-
will
integral
-
archetype.
perfection. To
human
become
to
to
female) unite
and
Jehovah manifest
Lord
to the
knowledge
(male
biunity,of which
months
have
he is in his
as
man
two
was
the
Man
giving
we
of the earth's
contour
of many
of
what
work
facts,for the
of all these
view
of the
knowledge
application,for
of his
law
vastly important, in
so
that'
of
industry
alchemico-organiccosmos.
It is
know
to collect
to be able
as
of
products
the
by
is to sit upon
related
so
to
form, is
convexity is
opposed
to
know
to
the
to
the
throne
structured
of the earth's
to know
deny him
cavity
con-
God; while
and
all his
Koreshanity is Antichrist.
KORESH,
The
Chicago,
Illinois, U. 9. A.,
Auguflt* 1896.
Founder
of
Koreshanity.
"For
hath
"Who
meted
Kom.i:
"
""Where
laid
the
"The
the
thou
when
with
Zech.
"'In
whatever
that
1 curse
with
ii
pick
let
from
of
hypothesis
the
so
to
absolute
"When
as
have
ball
and
balance?""
"
"
upon
Who
hath
it?""
Job.
that
the
the
to
ours,
have
we
it is not
without
truth
of
the
arrive
show
of
must
we
hypothesis
of
time
when
to
the
we
but
be
kind.
the
considered
Proven.
stationary
accuratelv,
have
the
they
facts
that
reason
be
their
maintain
at
present,
motion
earth's
shall
in
they
content,
able
with
Astronomy.
as
and
The
hypothesis,
an
position
earth's
which
be
be
anything
expect
of
Modern
Cannot
ofthe
Scriptures
to
not
of
phenomena
aud
some
at
was
and
it
addition
Whereas,
system.
indeed,
in
not,
tics.'
luna-
of
delirium
concerned,
nothing
nothing
are
afford
Founder
advocates
celestial
aud
who
genius
Hypothesis.
earth
That
still
must
system)
of
scientist
some
phenomena,
Admits
business,
Copemican
(the
disseminated
can
Copernicus,
stood,
this
occurred
ofthe
wall
a
upon
measured
aud
''stood
"He
System.
cosmogony
in due
time
science
explained
explain
can
we
their
the
never,
it
truth.""
which
not,
of
as
consider
we
for
senses,
granted
line
earth
the
6.
hypotheses
as
that
Uncertain
motion
Astronomer
An
we
earth?
the
hand."
universally
His
far
since
far
onlv
reference
thinking,
so
one,
iii
have
of
appear
this
on
terrestrial
valuable
their
of
in
and
hand,
his
of
the
who
hand,"
his
Copemican
mav
upset
astronomy,
in
the
may
to
his
in
7 ; Hab.
theory
there
any
vii
manner
Copemtc-us
"'Neither
line
Cursed
or
way
modern
this
courage
GOBTHB.
up
"Von
account
stretched
hath
plumb-line
Amos
1 ;
perchance
that
certain
and
power
dust
hills
the
of
foundations
the
who
or
and
scales,
in
measuring
plumb-line,
earth."-
will
and
I laid
thereof?
man
by
hope
clearlv
are
eternal
his
hollow
[concavityl
the
comprehended
the
in
span,
mountains
Goethe
say
world
ofthe
even
4,5.
made
made,
are
Bible.
the
creation
the
that
waters
the
weighed
wast
from
Him
things
the
with
measures
xxxviU
the
measured
measure,
xl:
12.
USk.
of
Asttonomy
20.
heaven
out
of
things
by the
understood
Ciodhead.'
in
invisible
the
being
seen,
and
Geodesy
The
for
to
to
their
can
own
of
evidences
which
favor,
one
pronounce
such
a
the
to
take
thing.
superiority
for
We
it absolutely
The
ofthe
nature
to be true.
possibility.
proved
subject excludes
and
however
factorily
satisin
perfect our
estimation,
theory
our
may
appear,
the
Newtonian
for
all celestial
to account
nomena,
phehypothesis
seem
may
if our
that
here
the
to admit
yet we
truth,
are
compelled
astounding
and
be
facts
whole
of
the
our
disputed
premise
challenged,
astronomy
range
does
contain
of its own
the
announcement
not
this
proofs
Startling
as
accuracy.
it is nevertheless
would
indeed
and
be
helpless,
true;
astronomy
may
appear,
it not
for
the
of those
whose
is considered
a
were
implied
approval
authority
of its truth.
Should
this
sole
all our
fail us.
all our
guarantee
arguments,
refuge
all our
boasted
and
the
would
be
whole
useless,
science
ob";ervations,
accuracy
fall to the
of modern
I"~Dr.
must
ground
Astronomer,
astronomy
Woodhousb,
Cambridge,
Eng.
However
Part
I.
THE
of Korcshanity.
Univcrsology
The
Relations of the
Man
the
Worlds t
Physicaland Anthropostic
Supreme Impulserof all Universal
Activityand Motion.
KORKSH.
BY
is universal
KORESHANITY
of
immortal
life in the
an
upon
of
function
and
knowledge
cosmic
organism.
form
radius
simple
practicallyapplied to
determines
which
process
earth in which
-This is
not
h found
we
the
dwell, and
theoretical but
to be
earth
earth's
with
radical astronomical
The
earth
is
concave
to
about
the
the
a
twenty-five thousand
in the
chord,
arc,
by
measurement
surface
of the
of its curvation.
the direction
world
ure
struct-
predicated
geometric figure
This
appliedgeometry.
The
surface.
of
It embraces
of the
downward
of the
function
elements"
science
the
premise, a
of
of
science
It is
contour
instead
upward
an
and
Universology.
three
embraces
which
and
accurate
absolutely demonstrated
an
upon
the
It includes
phase of
all the
appliedto
body.
the
department and
every
science
practicallife, involving
concerns
founded
religion,
Perfect
the
contour
curve,
and
convexity of
assumed
is therefore
face
to
face
revolution.
ratio of curvation
sphere, the
mile, thus
giving
diameter
corresponding circumference
miles.
This
fact
is
of
physic-
THE
12
CKLI^UIrAR
COSMOGONY.
and
at any
better to
were
extending
straightline
The
at
distance
any
by placinga perpendicular
line thus
rightangles from
at
extended
the
proportionateto
this perpendicular.
height of
surface
the
vertical
post.
**
giiessworkyindeed, lies
Hypothesis, or
of all scientific
quoting
The
is the
Latin
founded
of astronomy
by
can
all
dignifiedby
has
so
system has
That
is not
its foundation
in
been
tionary,
Dic-
means
which
is
science,nor
Copemican system
assumption,
^thisis conceded
"
The
dation
foun-
Standard
Science
knowledge.
hypothesis (assumption)
upon
it be
should
scire,to
nothing less.
more,
the
World,*' page 3.
sciknow; hence, ence
'Unseen
from
for
term
knowledge, nothing
Fiske's
from
science is derived
term
the
knowledge,'* says
at
Coperni-
scientific.
What
does
offer
Koreshanity
giganticfallacy and
farce of
the
as
substitute
for the
benighted Copernicus?
by
coast
the
Koreshan
Geodetic
diametricallythe
reverse
Staff
at
Naples, on
of the earth
of what
is
was
taught
the
proven
as
true
Gulf
to be
in the
CKI*I.UI.AR
THE
14
tro-magnetic,reflected
on
spheresof
or
COSMOGONY.
bent
back
in their
regularly graduated
energy
as
impingement
the
stories in
the heavens.
In
foregoing,is presented
the
THE
Cross-Sectional
the
of
View
Perpetual Pivot
merely, of the
assumptive.
prove
CAUSE
the
and
DAY
AND
descriptiveoutline
NIGHT.
alchemico-organo-cosmic
Neither
the Koreshan
OF
is it
form.
intended, in this
as
It is not
synopsis,to
tions of
the
System
will be
In this
chapter, we
this work.
Motion
form.
here
We
has
has
universe
of the
the
of
feature
is
is
which
funda-
has
form,
no
The
property ofform.
has
be
is
has
it
somewhat
partakes
noticed
syllogism
hence
form,
axiom
it will
the
Form
y
above
method,
syllogistic
the facts.
state
general principles of
axiom:
thereforeit
While
limitation.
the
Limitation
existence
subsequent chapters of
thereforethat
Function.
this
insert
existence.
no
in
merely
and
property of existence
mental
found
already outlined
have
We
KORKSHANITY.
OF
UNIVBRSOLOGY
that the
tionable
objec-
namely,
expunged;
the
premise
is not
Motion
obtains
form.
rock
assumption.
an
in
everything throughout
are
There
The
motion.
with
of the diamond
atoms
and
most
delicate
atoms.
angular
in their
tal
crys-
lation
circu-
electro-magnetic
generate
All
attenuation.
are
all other
motion, and
they
impingement
of the
energy
in
are
cosmic
of the
atoms
The
the
these
lations
circu-
of order
of
therefore,while form exists according to definite principles
form, the
laws
and
principles
of
motion
cause
proximate.
we
of
Before
will here
organic world
are
of
and
to
organic
determine
relation
defining the
brieflystate
there
These
co-ordinatelyone.
and
the
shape.
Motion.
is remote
alchemico-organic motion
(kosmos)
kosmos.
they
of
arrangement
Cause
The
conform
laws
that
and
within
resides the
are
The
two
principlesof
the
tion,
mo-
alchemico-
anthroposticor
discrete
and'
responding
cor-
spheres,yet
alchemico-organickosmos
i6
THE
CKI.I.UI.AR
or
of
the
shell
"
humanity
the state
in
man
outline
the
is in the form
preceding pages)
is in the
of
EARTH'S
which
its
metallic laminae
any
or
; that
man
one
given in
mass
this modification
is in space,
and
is therefore
SURFACE.
Hemisphere.
anthroposticco-ordinate
merely
persistent in
Land
is
un-incubation.
CONCAVE
The
persistent
; while
of
which
of
state, with
same
alchemico-organickosmos
THE
COSMOGONY.
correspond
to
form.
For
plates comprising
embodies
space,
instance
the
and
:
are
The
ciples
prinnot
seven
general metallic
rind
the
of the macrocosmic
seven
nucleus
energiesradiating from
and
primarily,
from
stellar
the
deposit extremities
"IN
THE
the
solar
HOLLOW
Heavens
seven
OF
in the
HIS
of chaos
extremities
of metallic
the
as
stellar
the environment
the
the
seven
HAND.'
Earth.
energies radiate,
penetratedby
the
are
constitute
energies,or
alchemico-organicspiritsof radiation.
the
limbus
They
nucleus.
the
of
The
through which
17
perpetual. These
shell, are
limitations of
of
KORESHANITY.
OF
UNIVKRSOI.OGY
The
geologicstrata
are
the
conditions
depositionand
order.
THE
The
laminae
his
quality
being, of
progress
of
time
progress
of
the
into
to
the
laminae
substratic
By the
from
described, constitutes
is
the
these
and
centers,
Energy
is
There
from
energized at
are
created
is
there
as
mary
pri-
cause
ing
radiat-
and
at
at
the nucleus.
converging to
previously
egg
in Koreshan
denominated
and
sun
stars
concretion
rapidlychanged
are
focaliza-
materialized
matter
through
There
and
constantly materializing,and
materialization
and
the
meant
electro-magnetic battery
as
into
constant
primary
seven
high-tension convergence.
a
churches
seven
great cosmic
voluminous
be formulated
to
yet
antithetically
generated
great
merging
and
the
to
motion, is
purely physical,or,
tions of energy,
development
crust.
which
therefore
of
kosmos,
the
and correspond
characteristic,
human
stellar nucleus,
cellular
anthropostic
the
plates. The
metallic
cause
the circumference
in
sponding
anthropostic depositionscorre-
the
electro-magneticenergy
the
stellar center,
In
churches
of the cosmic
remote
to the
to
seven
planets,and
seven
the
was
alchemico-organickosmos.
are
seven
Corresponden-
correspondent,
the
of
qualities
seven
The
the
its relation
in
groups,
Christ
Lord
was
race,
to the
are
the
in the
space
of space.
metallic
; the
of space
center
circumference
the
at
tiallyin humanity,
and
is the
stellar nucleus
are
COSMOGONY.
CELLUIJ^R
is, at
sublimation.
the
temporary
and
to energy
is radiated.
stance
is,therefore,a reciprocalinterchange of subcenter
the
and
nucleus
are
solidified.
solidification is reduced
The
circumference.
At
radiated
the
circumference
the
again
to
substances
to
energy
and
flows
in the
prime
to
the
nucleus.
As
there
are
seven
metallic
laminae
circum-
ference, so there
flowing
toward
influxes
are
the nucleus
at
are
of
seven
has
seven
focal
one
themselves
and
into
distinct
degrees
in space,
the
mineral
the universal
inflow
or
but
electro-magnetic power,
activityand
Thus
form.
force.
voluntary
and
existence,the
while
of
acme
existed
prior
of the
the
life is in the
to the
to
the
and
matter,
energy
as
in the
proximate
energy.
result
of
In other
of energy,
and
Both
will thus
that energy
seen
and
duplex
aspect of
netic
electro-magand
the center
ference
circum-
matter
struction
de-
the
is the
tion of matter.
be
with
that matter
materialization
this
perpetuity.
timic
cause,
alchemico-organic cosmos,
is the
energy
untary
vol-
brain,
human
its
to
as
its
conscious
of this
momentum
other
and
conscious
involuntary
at
produced reciprocally
energy
of
and
whose
The
their co-ordination.
motions
no
of
cause
half, endowed
only coincident
is
structure,
Neither
is
is another
cosmic
in its
co-operativebeing with
voluntary
of
dinate
co-or-
This
co-eternal.
proximate
the
in
alchemico-organic kosmos
surface
water
battery,however,
far there
Associated
From
kosmos.
stellar nucleus.
We
upon
correspondingand
to the
convergence
all meeting
the circumference
of the
environments
the
vibrations, so
turning back
radiatingto
or
these
As
of energy,
there
of energy
nucleus.
characteristic
flowing out
depositingat
kinds
distinct
point
and
stellar
the
metallic
prime
seven
and
KORBSHANITY.
OF
UNIVERSOI.OGY
result
words,
energy
and
of the
atom
an
is the
energy
is not
are
therefore
of matter
as
destruction
of
of matter
is the
dematerializasubstance.
a
mere
It
mode
of
CKLI,UI.AR
THK
20
motion
COSMOGONY.
in
of vibration,but
or
realityis something in
motion.
The
have
We
remote
term
from
remote
hinted
causey
the
is here
Day
at the
and
and
organic and
the
which
central
embraces
and
Not
of the will.
function
co-ordinate
employed
We
cause
ately
immediof
the
are
now
to
the
Antarctic
There
are
the
the
cosmic
two
discrete
to
Circle.
of all motion.
cause
organo-vital. The
21.
interdependent. These
as
mate
proxi-
phenomena
Night within
primary
belonging
the world
which
upon
JUNE
Long
being
as
foregoing.
SOLSTICE,
Pole, and
is mental.
voluntary and
form
North
at the
way,
alchemico-organickosmos.
SUMMER
This
general
outlined in the
structure
Continuous
in
Motion.
Physical
electro-magneticforces
the
depend
cosmic
only,
of
cause
The
Cause
Remote
it is
fields of
degrees,but yet
are
first and
the alchemicolower
is that
higher, is
sun,
the
THE
22
dominions,
CKI*I*UI*AR
or
principalities,
powers:
or
and he
for him:
and
he
the
head
is
consist;
him, and
There
be but
can
Is it true ?
inclusive, conclusive,and
of
what
God,
have
And
embody,
he
attributes
the
himself
into
of
of
declared
parent ?
be, and
of man,
God
did
visible to the
biologicalctiiier
of
and
Lord,
sciousness
conas
"
when
the
world
spiritual
sphere, and
and
the
as
him
beside
was
bodily,
further, that
outer
his
absorb
he
Godhead
?
all
this;in
that the
of the
to the
that
what
of
Son
than
more
hold
We
li^^ was
spiritual
astro-
there
was
God.
no
could
How
world
natural
the
only
at
the
cause
Elijah (God
of
looking
to
his
the indirect
himself
influx
the
from
spiritsof
the
together of
infolded
and
then.
God
the
of
direct
the
as
line,but
Messiah
past.
age,
as
*'Him
He
scroll.
hath
thousand
years
conditions
manifest
God
be
age,
the
the
before
God
pole
constituted the
the
died
gathered into
also
He
Noah,
of
Son
He
was
of
of all who
and
in the world
in the
the
Abraham,
reincarnation.
the
heavens
sealed.
was
of
Twenty-four
the Christian
in
coming
lines
of Moses,
of
not
was
into the
infant
an
beginning
Lord
Lord),
the
of
in
the
and
Spirit;
Holy
visiblymanifest
was
Is he
Son
the fulness
was
to
Jesus, the
Lord
form,
attributes,life,
principles,
the
him,
the
himself
And
the
as
concise,sweeping,
of Deity,
primary oflFspring
parent?
men
the
the
as
of the
from
development
him
It is
Is
declares
declared
inspiredmen
does
lucid.
he
above
one
Scripturaldeclaration.
Christ
COSMOGONY.
the
was
Father
the
were
rolling
Word
sealed.**
beginning
the
of
same
of
as
UNIVBRSOIX"GY
Christian Era
the
beginning
and
The
cycle.
the
lK"rd,
is Father,
God, who
of
the Son
He,
individual
the
was
He
as
Abraham.
the
the Father
being
possessingboth
creative
He
wasthebiune,
the
God, he
all
is
and
was
of
primate cause
was
things,
of
seen
of all
cause
things resides
voluntarymental
voluntary mental
Precession
of
sons
of
sons
Father, he
himself. High
the very
the
being, it is
reflex of
of
or
the
bridegroom."
of
parent
He
and
end
Abram;
The
in
personality
the Adamic
24,000-year
As
God.
2$
Son.
man.
hath
the two-
in
the
of every
and
undivided
and
of
personal manifestation
Mother,
who
identical with
was
beginning
KORESHANITY.
OF
of
activity.
the
Equinoxes
Related
as
to
the
Astro-biological Manifestations.
When
of the
the
equinoxes, he
cessional movement;
has
reference
but
every
merely
to the
to the
precession
sun*s
preresponding
cor-
cyclesof time
to
stellar
that
the
are
definite and
The
physicalheavens
the
which
Every
correspond
24,000
years,
the
alchemico-
astro-biologicalcorrespondence.
have
an
in
movements
organic sphere
field.
tionate
propor-
precessions. The
signs in
and
recurrent,
to
there
mark
them
is
definitelythe
in the
similar
ifestations
man-
astro-biologic
personal man-
TH^
24
ifestation
the
as
Christian
is
We
are
of
to
people
the direction
will
The
will be
change
Actual
of
Position
This
one
This
man.
will be
one
Universe
battery, the
biological
laws
is
man
and
Tilt of Poles
of which
Elijah
the
are
sons
of
the
God,
Christ and
Son
Transposition
From
biune
this
ical
biolog-
brought about
who
one
has
the
transmutation.
the
formation
From
Chicago.
known
only
prophet, ordained
tation
manifes-
dematerialize,through
accomplished through
of the
the
great biologicconflagration.
of this bio-alchemical
of the law
knowledge
is such
of
occur.
electro-magneticvibration.
through
beginning
there
years,
approaching
now
Thousands
24,000
about
now
COSMOGONY.
constitutingthe
One
Every
era.
as
CKI*I,UI,AR
central
of
to
of
nation
reincar-
conflagrationwill springthe
offspring of
the
I^rd
Jesus, the
of God.
of
Mental
Force
to
Alchemico-Organic
(Physical) Energy.
When
man
(the man)
so
understands
the laws
of life
OF
UNIVSRSOI.OGY
as
their
to know
tendencies
of his
the
dematerializes,and
and
and
consumes
unity of
church
thus
prepared to
Zodiac
and
of
Orbits
the matter
consumed,
or
and
reduced
Spirit,
"
the
and
the
reaches
tangible
into
enters
unity
visible
man
the
Planetary
of the
visible
law
to
transabsorption,into
by
of the dissolution
In the process
Ghost
enters,
receive
nature, he
spiritual.The
and
invisible Godhead,
the
by which
inner
obedience
consciousness
the outer
with the
blends
25
and through
application,
the sensual
overcomes
KORESHANITY.
Disci
in the
Shell.
Earth's
is
tangible organism
dissolved,
"
contained
atmosphere
of
and
in the
of the
man
energiesof
consumes
entering thus
is not
aluminum,
iron,
the free
vibration,which
cuprum,
the
into the
space,
body.
enter
The
the
the
vortex
consciousness
whirlpool of organic
solution
dis-
26
THE
with
and
the central
consciousness
had
COSMOGONY.
as
called the
primary
from
invisible
an
The
in the
church)
lyord had
beginning
could
have
not
the
the
stellar
mental
to the
physicaluniverse.
so
soon
as
matter
the influence
of mental
from
the
spirit.
If the
the
afflatus"
the
in
the
vortical
obtained
to
**oversour*
"
involution, the
alchemico-organic (physical)
material
the
elements
elements
and
and
converging
the
not
of
essences
toward
It is thus
and
that
the
anthropostic,imparts
has
impulse
been
ceases
of correlation
to be mental
of
mutated
the
into
and
scious
con-
tum
momen-
denominated
has
cluded
in-
vibrations
alchemico-organic world,
what
The
to
(the
conversion
the
activities of
world
the
its
of the
nucleus
the
tangible personality.
and.
its circumferences.
radiatingto
the
body
the
of
of
have
But
place
nucleus
shadowing,
over-
not
therefore
to
tizes
bap-
divine
proceeded
age,
from
alchemico-organic kosmos,
the
the
upon
organo-vital structure,
communicated
this afferent
could
therefore it involved
in
were
his
from
shed
of
obtained.
anthropostic,took
space;
receive
to
personal,there
of
Spirit;and
Holy
Ghost
Holy
dissolution
the
heart of
but
'*oversoul,''
been
not
from
stitutes
con-
in his conversion
visible Lord
outer
successive
seven
Deity, the
Radiating
prepared
are
the
interior mind
of
consciousness
in
absorption,the gravic spirit
minds
which
This
itself.
wrapped
anthro-biologickosmos.
such
around
interior mind
central
the very
the
CKI.I*XJI.AR
the
energy
the
bration
vi-
alchemico-organic
(physical)motion.
We
do not
employed
us,
in
vibration
employ
common
the term
as
it is
usually
psychicalor
not
signifies
vibration
**
or
observed
It is thus
are
voluntary mental
energy
of
These
and metallic
of
form
and
at
The
the
ine and
which
the metallic
alternate
cruosine
are
disci
of
form
of
or
peristaltic
we
the
other
filled with
of the
these
into the
disci
the
center,
There
area.
of caloric and
cru-
This
contractile.
motion, therefore
solar
vermicular
motion
actinic radiations
mercurial
back
solar
in
impression made
circular
behold
solar
im-^
laminae.
platesor
heavens
tions
actinic radia-
its forces
strata, the
rotation
action
reflectors,
throwing
*
tum
momen-
geologic,mineral,
is at
the
expansile,
is necessarilya
parted to
the
one
follows
The
laminae.
radiates
sun
or
disd floating
mercurial
operationof
of which
is in the
impression of
there
the
metallic
the
is
movement
ordinate
co-
Universe.
platesor
As the
the apex
the strata
the
two
Shell
the
in
upon
osic energy,
mind,
human
the
strata.
cone,
the base
an
of the
metallic
the astral
influence.
continuous, primary,
Disci
Planetary
imparted through
from
primary, movable,
seven
the
between
alchem-
the
(brains); these
basis
Firmament
are
exists
operationbeing co-eternal.
of Motion
is
via
energies
electro-magnetic
generated in
material
the
on
fields of
There
degrees,and
relation
reciprocal
the result of
Laws
that
that the
worlds, and
ico-organic
dependent
and
and
anthro-biologic(organo-vital)
the
between
various
in the
atoms,
and
dissolvingof molecules
the
but
essences,
27
KORBSHANITY.
OP
UNIVBRSOI^OGY
between
of
the
amalgam.
These
heavens
the forms
that in
through
calor-
plates,
act
of the
looking toward
the
as
operation of
the
the
28
THE
CEI.I.UI.AR
and
laws of reflection,
thus enabled
are
the
out
**spreadeth
I^rd
the
COSMOGONY.
comprehend how
to
*
heavens
as
molten
looking-glass."
it
is
Why
Necessary
to
Know
Universe
*
^he
and
must
and
importance of
key
to
the
zation
organi-
govern
of
our
ness.
righteous-
universal
of
knowledge
of
function
is the
The
of the
Form
form
will be admitted
of
comprehend the relationship
vital
to the organo-
and
to
pertaining
is sufficiently
ampUfied
the mind
when
the
rocosm
alchemico-organicmac-
(the Grand
macrocosm
comprisingthe
to
universal
Man),
of
mass
as
human
existence.
The
Lord)
least
individual
is the
(undivided) man
(such
archetype of creation.
What
he
was
kingdom
function of the
in that
in the
form,
he
also
most
material
voluntary and
knowledge
the
structure
is but the
involuntarymental
of this
as
the
the
the
its greatest
is the
is the
outward
final
and
true
lation
reve-
and
producing it, so
historyof human
in
of the alchemico-organic
kosmos
interpretation
of the
was
is in
so
was
Therefore, we
man.
man
originand destiny.
language
reveals
THE
30
feet
Suppose
apart.
air
through the
half
earth
of the
surface
feet from
obtains in
parallelto
COSMOGONY.
CEI.I.UI.AR
as
the
as
the
take
we
geolinear extense
rail, and
one
earth's
surface.
imaginary line
an
and
two
eye
the
Now,
Making
in
one
law
same
the
on
looking
tion
observa-
our
the
rail
Illusions
The
line far
beyond
observation
the
the
same
as
first,
Perapectiye.
straight
line
of the
over
earth
which
is the
disappears
The
of
is taken
geolinearextense;
by
in
Vanishing
phenomenon
it recedes
from
of
the
Ship's Hull.
disappearance
view, is caused
of
by the
a
same
ship,hull
law
of
FACTORS
OPTICAI.
fore^ortening
rail,or
the
that which
as
should
we
They
size of
as
six
in size
as
necessarilydraw
false
law
than
the
which
it recedes
as
only
we
of
longitudinally
of the
we
earth
merely
so
We
so
"
placea
to show
fact, the
in
of
the
a
student
ena
phenomthorough
optics.
reader
apparatus and
absolutelydemonstrated
the
will find
brief
concavity
projectedtruth,
are
of
fol-
the
wherein
processes
appearances.
of the laws
without
illusion,
and
to overshadow
the mountebanks,
lo\yers.
to this
principlesand laws
the
have
as
knowledge
correct
of the mechanical
complete record
by which
enon
phenom-
be comprehended
cannot
another
In
balloon
This
principlesinvolved
the
opticalappearances
comprehension of
subjective
view, is the
from
diminish
vision,and
optics. Owing
comprehend
cannot
of
possess
of
phenomena
the
to the organ
as
facts.
about
the
from
diameter, occupies
near
by
do.
astronomers
appearing
when
makes
rails
in
feet
each
the
rather
sixty
of
on
the
distant,
The
which
that
as
which
and
if it be
to diminish
same
miles
seven
observation.
of
we
appearances
approach
theybr/ that
precisely what
in the distance
space
appears
and
or
pin head,
much
point
as
from
conclude
balloon
is
to,
seem
disappearance
to
calculations
the basis of
on
only
This
conclusions.
but
approach
do not
the
governs
make
of
appearance instead
II.I.USIONS.
rails to appear
the two
causes
If
other.
AND
fallacious conclusions
of
em,
mod-
drawn
not
from
facts but
from
THE
32
The
might
It
Laws
Visual
of
as
appear,
knowledge
COSMOGONY.
CEI,I,UI*AR
fact that
proclaim the
we
of the
Impression.
Koreshan
forth
of the Koreshan
of
Koreshanity
A
growth.
enable
What
to
the eye.
the
What
see,
the
The
The
and
reader's
bb
area
the
as
hull
the
from
of vision
the
the
cal
that corti-
optictract,to
depends.
ted
of the correla-
some
attention
is
again called
apparent
from
dotted
the
c, the
fact,not
ship
ship as
in
observed
from
view,
as
aa
is
ship
as
served
ob-
lines indicate
d is the
jective
(the sub-
it actuallyis, viewed
appearance
braced
em-
of the
the appearance
The
is
whatsoever
point),and
in
imprint is laid.
lines i, 2, 3, 4;
it recedes
subjective x.
position of
its location
the two
the
upon
Plate i, with
i,
the
includes
pointof
as
Diagram
which
retina
between
is the
in
upon
vanishes,
the
appearance
film
the
pictureupon
opticalaxis, d
^,the
the
pictureplacedupon
thence carried through
in theobtense
when
the retina of
retinal coat.
the
omy,
astron-
facts of vision.
or
is merely
We
modem
eyeball, and
which
upon
area
optics will
of
laws
of
discrepancies
opticcommissure,
opticnerve,
question of
imprintof objectivities
upon
we
of the
liningcoat
standing
under-
an
of appearances.
misinterpretation
of vision, depends
through the organs
behold
entirelyupon
to the
the
see
predicatedupon
we
of the
slight knowledge
the student
as
necessarily be
must
set
edge
thorough knowl-
Cosmogony.
to
to
purpose
demands
Cosmogony
ough
thor-
at d.
The
from
per-
FACTORS
OPTICAI.
pendicularspace
will be
It
is shorter
imprintedfrom
as
y%, proportionately
from
lines
If
drawn
were
B would
to
from
acute
The
bb.
of the film
film
retina,bb, corresponds
at
pbjective
d.
there
is
At
longer
no
2.
2,
film bb,
angle from
4,
space
at
the
point of obliteration
at
the
the
to the
cause
ship disappears,be-
and
to the
of the
obliterate
to
as
center
or
points 4,
the
if
that
follows
imprints i,
B, the subtense
at
so
the
to
distance
the
ening
bb, the ratio of short-
3, 3, at
correspond
one
objective. It
2, 2, in the
to
1,1,
the
the
than
2, 2, at "f
space
that
noticed
pictureimprinted from
i, i, at
33
picturefh\ the
the
implants
i, i,
2, 2,
II.I,USIONS.
AND
for the
room
the
picture upon
retina.
The
lower
line upon
and
the
ground
horizon.
the
upper
The
two
of
remembered
is
sight
of
the
with
WW
of
area
itself upon
the
beyond
line I, 2, 3, 4 and
may
not
though
can
because
seen
make
it
might
no
it must
the
Now
shorten, and
if
the
thousand
imprint
upon
remove
we
above,
retina; but
it is below
extend
further
the
readily be
to
the space
up
open
imprintitself upon
be
appears
at d
be
retina,
as
seen
By comparing the
4, 4.
it can
spaces^,
given space
join
geolinear surface,proportionately
the
on
cloud
Any
to its distance
spaces
to
4, appear
efiFectedby distance.
at
represent
foreshortening, which
distal
the
line may
points4,
vanishing point
the
appearing at d,
The
line i, 2, 3, 4 is the
an
an
how.
seen
narrows
the
upper
object
at
object at Q could
ground
surface, which,
miles in
the
straight line,
retina because
the
'THE
34
as
We
presented
the appearances
depend
places the
which
of the
want
the
graces
that arise
understanding of
catalogue
their
the
of
contradictory systems
spontaneously,subserve
transformation,
which
upon
so
mental
which
upon
incompetents, which
astronomy
opticalfacts
some
and
line 4 and
the lower
between
space
COSMOGONY.
CELLULAR
human
mind
the
of
purpose,
of
careers
its way
gropes
in darkness.
of Accurate
Principles
Measurement
of the Earth's
Contour.
means
the
to whether
as
demonstrating
pointand
in any
The
earth's
surface
and
ever
one
is to find
determining
the
some
astronomical
of
its
convex,
curvation
of astronomy
is convex,
has
and
been
other
of
at
general
but also
any
given
given direction.
system
of
flat,or
of
amount
and
measurements
that
only
not
it is concave,
Copernican system
fallacious
has
of
surface, including
earth's
contour
of
application of mechanical
is the
/jEODESY
this
upon
fabricated.
proof of
persistentefforts
the
to
be
that
assumption
No
the
the
astronomer
Copernican system;
of the
irrefragableproof of
scientist knows
assumes
modern
what
merely
every
an
physicist
so
called
assumption.
KORKSHAN
The
Koreshan
the
to
upon
uncertainty of
not
upon
Horizontal
Heretofore,
determination
of the
use
factors
and
of
engineer'slevel
includes
top of
determine
There
of
is
by
one
an
eye,
he is
in
men
by
the
be
the
the
number
the
by
of
optical
geodeticsurveyor
impossible to extend
by the
The
and
surveyor,
the
on
especiallyemployed for
more
rectiline with
along the
side of
apex
that it is
the
leveling instrument,
of successive
heightsof
horizontal
in
lateral
or
visual direction
the
must
curved
by
eye
be
balanced
counter-
this
line while he
the
tiline,
rec-
surface.
resides
impossibility
of
upon
extends
optics,
impossibleto
continuously extended
equal pictureon
continuing a
Two
used
for this
reason
are
generally known,
impressionmade
picturefrom
been
line has
the
attempting
opticalinstruments.
of
aid of
small
horizontal
by the unaided
The
to
assert
of
angles.
fact not
out
it
instrument
an
ical
mechan-
render
the
tripod. This
It is
is
by
level and
measurement
method
common
into consideration
taken
not
and
we
straighthorizontal
sphere of
the
rather
Rectilineation.
engineer'slevel.
horizontal
or
the
Copemican
science.
called,modem
so
the
tion
opposi-
assumptipn, but
an
which
postulation,
mere
is in direct
place it beyond
to
as
35
unlike
absolutelywithin
so
demonstration
basis of
system, and
founded,
premise
SERVICE.
of astronomy
System
Copemican
it is
system
GEODETIC
law
the
of
believes
rectiline.
of different
adjusting
36
THE
CELLULAR
the
tripod to accommodate
the
same
his
tripod to conform
COSMOGONY.
difference,extend
the
curvation.
^willmake
height
"
the
man
to suit his
The
adjustment.
resides in the
entering
into
retinal
to
impression,is
induces
retinal membrane.
We
the
one
be attributed
is
To
confront, then,
geolinear,the
the
line
instituted
can
the
is
extend
line
six,
(See
lineator
is
line is extended
or
the
in both
in
which
shortening
fore-
opticalvScience and
the
placed
by
at
miles.
horizontal
this first
atnd intricate
which
bar
we
recti-
i.)
points
in
large enough
more
the
ordinary mind,
2, Plate
No.
cut
of water
adjusted. From
shortening
fore-
of
"
device
are
seven,
perpendicularstandards
the
upon
to curvation.
of
simple mechanical
quietexpanse
along the
perpendicular
be determined.
line
addition
principle of perspective
Perpendicular standards
there
in
kinds
two
other
incomprehensibleto
a
effect of
the
opticalphenomenon
an
the introduction
phenomena
have
to
retina, as
corresponding effect
ignorantly attributed
obviate
necessityfor
the
elongated proportionably
or
should
factors
two
and
object in perspective;
of the
surface)
"
shortened
the
discrepancy
are
picture on
of
there
line
of
to
lesser
height
this
this,the
earth's
all
visual
in
of
perpendicularpost producing
the distance
to
curvation
for
cause
formation
the
The
follows:
the
opticalillusion referred
side of the
one
on
scientific
line,
given curvation,
difference
the
to
of
curved
proportionably
curve
adjusting
"
to his
line of
area
Across
of
where
the
to
these
Recti-
meets
the
GEODETIC
KORESHAN
water
at
distance
surface
relation
of the water,
its true
as
diagram
representedby
in
curved
the
while
line
The
at the
to
The
by the line
from
apparent line
This
ddd.
is taken
illusion,
as
this
The
aaa.
gradually
the
to
convex
extremity
AAA,
from
away
of the
the
which
is
convexity of
of
illusory
system
be
to
represented
opticalphenomenon,
demonstration
the
as
vision,appears
where
the
line ccc,
point,the straightline
seems
deviating
vision, hence
to rise
to meet
The
extends,
in the dotted
in the line of
sponding
corre-
eye.
direction
of
appears
seems
unaided
vanishing point is
i
strument,
levelingin-
straight line
AAA
appearingas
the
straight,as
Beyond
ddd.
the
be
point i
point 2.
concavity
principlefrom
of this curvation
straightline
DDD.
The
illustration of
with
is the visual
bbb
away
line appears
which
is unconscious
points
two
the
an
made
with
made
aaa;
gradual curve
to
pendicular
per-
chord
Plate
4,
have
we
differ in
not
over
is
mind
extend
determines
arc
observation
an
observation
straightsurface
No.
the
contour.
does
which
to
3, Plate i,
No.
opticalefiEectof
the
in cut
of
height
operationwe
as
straightline
of the
of the earth
In
By this
37
the
at the
the
to
proportionate
standard.
from
SERVICE.
an
the
Copemican
astronomy.
In the observation
I,
we
prove
line of
the
that
illustrated
by diagram
straight surface
curves
convexity
line bends
four
of the earth.
difiFerent ways,
We
can
by the
No.
3, Plate
from
away
employed
prove
same
that
to
the
prove
straight
argument
used
38
THE
Geodetic
things. The
religionwhich
which
is the
The
cell.
Cellular
*
next
the demonstration
of the
else follows
public mind,
and
of
amplitudeof
in
the
The
the surf
at
verificator of
possible. After
two
of the
This
is
an
This
factors
many
surface
entering
the
other.
the normal
of
six
should
of
be
the
having
"
or
each
ing
act-
as
adjust
less,and
adjusted
at
nearly level
line three
two
mined
deter-
perpendicular
feet,more
will answer,
instrument
rectilineal bar,
the
extension
this
methods,
of
curve
be
may
Place
given
any
the
or
four
geodetic
graduated glass
Sword,
Nov., 1896,
published in The Fi^aming
beginning of the Florida Geodetic Survey, in 1897.
Written
before the
the
earth,
of the
of
process
exact
points selected
less than
miles, even
level.
fact,in the
accuracy.
given point by
initial section
face
sur-
its curvature.
any
too
are
requisiteheight, about
place the
as
of
proportionate ratio,which
at a
ace
the
the
radius
there
to insure
the
is
accept this
to
of the
prime vertical,approaches
at any
as
is forced
height
concavity of
the determination
accurately by
because
triangulation,
into the process
the
or
arc
Unity,
readily.
importance, is
be determined
cannot
of the
Koreshan
the
also
next
the
the establishment
with
In connection
lyife develops in
the world
When
organization,
of
for the
world
to the
scientific
Cosmogony.
critical work
earth.
proposition,all
scientific social
astronomical
an
all
Every dispensation
**
reiterate,that
We
embrace
must
proceed from
will
Seer said:
egg,'*
an
in
implies revolution
astronomy
great Swedish
from
proceedsas
Revolutionized.
Survey
in
Revolution
COSMOGONY.
CKLI*ULAR
and
KORKSHAN
GEODETIC
perpendicularsvery
side of
perpendicular graduates
tube twelve
contain
The
fourteen
or
of
the
of
The
curvature.
simple. This
instrument
plumb-line. Across
flat surface, is
of
first
the
to
of variation
inch.
from
the
perpendicular. The
toward
This
the
of the
curve
of
This
the
the
the
world
Cosmogony.
to
We
definite
will
ber
num-
the
determine
the
from
is also
prime vertical;namely,
normal
the
will
diredlion of curvation.
determines
radius
know
acknowledge
tion
the direc-
both
Any
of curvature.
can
be
has
ever
has
with
slender
rod, which
the
scale
of mensuration
and
bars
very
\)y the
scale, to which
deviation
it,according to
method
of curvation
the section
adjusted
divided
the
ates,
gradu-
this
perfe"5l;
verified
be
may
bottom
the
radius
of the
is
be
must
adjusted to
which
in the
mercury
instrument
minutely
ates
gradu-
the
microscope. The
divisions
amount
and
point,will indicate
instrument
perpendicular rod, to
adjusted
tube
the
of another
use
(The
connecting
arranged parallelwith
by
variation of the
conne(5lingtube
redliline of the
degree
united
long.
These
glass tubes.
the
are
microscopes
mercury.)
amount
with
feet
39
spaced, with
minutely
SERVICE.
thousand-fold
than
by
that
the
result
the
Koreshan
tion
pormore
any
process
will
compel
System
of
Part
The
The
11.
New
the
of
Question
Geodesy.
Earth's
Pivoted
5hape
Upon
Specific Proposition.
BY
First, the
which
accurate
No
their
; and
THE
discussion
the
earth's
; in
are
earth
to
is demonstrated
the
fact and
Koreshan
are
in
there
the
above
stars
as
the
to
a
us
the
the
the
; some
figure of
a
phenomena.
Science, and
revolutionary.
earth
Once
In
the
of the
ascertained
relation
of
the
well-established
such
determined,
of the true
system
the
premise.
the
of
Cellular
construction
first be
is
earth
problem
of
should
of
of the
omy,
of Astron-
is laid for
foundation
in
and
be taken
must
and
that
and
ascertaining this
figure of
the
on
^Proctor.
figure
exact
System
of
earth
"
the distance
determination
for
principlesof
directly related
basic fact
surface,
fundamental
the orbs
the
foundation
the
of astronomy,
the
the
solution
fact, the
It is obvious
system
what
of
constitutes
shape
Cosmogony.
true
of
exact
of the Koreshan
the
made.
are
all
revived
figure of
obtained
be
can
promulgation
IN
the
observations
his
without
hence
with
element
MOBBOW.
determine
to
which
measurements
movements,
earth
O.
the
of
ma^itude
from
U.
has
astronomer
lives and
he
PBOF.
this, the
conclusions
relations
methods
reached
premise
ically,
mechan-
scientific
of
versal
uni-
pursued
from
there-
NKW
It is well known
from
illusion of the
be
to
is
which
to
circumnavigated.
of the earth's
extent
were
few
of its surface.
of the
view
attempted
were
idea
it
prove
any
the surface
convexity
of the
; and
so
endeavor
it was
of
the
the
of
surveys
form
meridian
arcs
and
were
ration
configu-
true
the
time
"
the
ceived
precon-
live is
we
convex.
of the conception
earth
and
the
until
not
premise
which
upon
the
of
to demonstrate
made
was
was
when
geodetic
at
to determine
the assumed
upon
elapsed between
Centuries
idea
that
earth
of the earth's
and
they
direct demonstrations
no
ascertaining the
to
ceived
con-
definite calculations
nor
earth; measurements
the
with
made
were
settled
were
Attempts
wholly inadequate
and
dimension
not
shape,
through
heavens
be
to
there
But
sion
conclu-
reached
was
of
oped
devel-
not
was
part pf the
every
earth
history
sphere because
question seemed
the
the
premises. The
star-strewn
and
the
popular system
of vision ; the
vSense
so,
with
body,
exposed ;
was
familiar
convex
concave,
be
to
41
series of demonstrated
appear
to those
astronomy,
the
GKODBSY.
any
present
the
of the
endeavor
to
century
that
mobility of
the
earth.
False
From
convexity
It has
heat, and
directed
has
rather than
been
motion;
the
of
false foundation
Absurd
to
Conclusions.
the theory
inception,
the
been
to have
Leads
Premise
of the
earth's
of scientific investigation,
course
tion.
supported by specificdemonstra-
natural
for modern
scientific instruments
conceptionsof
philosophy,and
the
has
geodetic operationsand
of
today employed
of
light,
laws
of
led to
survey.
in
astro-
THE
42
nomical
to
and
assumed
that
ago,
of
which
evolved
Being
only
its
assume
new
system
now
see
in
resulted
have
world
the
in
phenomena
the
which
in
In
of the
what
see,
the
endeavor
for
of
it is
to
we
not
we
are
be
to
only by
roborative
cor-
reason
which
laws
which
that
are
we
claimed
earth, and
we
its
presenting
confront;
are
and
can
which
and
facts,principles,
form
Scientist is warranted
methods
we
that
prevailingtheory;
interpretationof
correct
premise
development
System of Astronomy,
all the
the true
now
acknowledge
scientific jargon.
discovery of those
demonstrate
the
prove
in the
employ
to
conditions
of the
premise,are
must
foolish
of the
familiar with
of
be
the Koreshan
ignorance
of
methods
depended!
probability,and
science,
of
has
vision
It would
uncertainty.
to the
from
false
verify and
to
their construction
which
upon
of
conceived
and
rectilinear
instruments, the
result
the
conform
to
idea
to the
light is
These
endeavor
in the
employed
of
ray
are
constructed
are
convexity, and
virtually illimitable.
use
COSMOGONY.
geodetic research,
the earth's
centuries
CEI.I.UI.AR
lead to
the
Koreshan
revolutionize
the
scientific world.
We
merits
of the Koreshan
without
ground
no
quibble
might
of agreement;
The
and
experiments;
and
devoid
that
are
of
question must
and
such
tests
complications;they
subject to dispute.
are
of conclusion
for between
and
made
can
be
such
found
facts ascertained
reaching a
the two
be
must
must
It is
not
relative
common
there
systems
be settled by
tests
which
or
the
of astronomy,
Copernican systems
practicalbenefits
reaping any
harmony.
all other
and
about
century
actual
is
tests
simple, absolute,
embrace
only when
applied,that
will be in
ples
princi-
such
a
onstrations
dem-
premise
harmony
with
CELLULAR
THE
44
COSMOGONY.
be
not
premises,but by
themselves.
the
would
If
logicalmind
be calculated
We
and
the
familiar
and
survey
with
and,
survey;
not
not
the
taken
is
have
physicists
not
applied,would
at
because
of this
as
be
that
laws
in field work,
True
It is obvious
to
that
as
surface
an
arcs
tion
refrac-
in
any
of
fadlors
^are
the
which,
from
those
procedure.
the
It is
employment
applying simple
at
the
as
and
of
absolute
true
Air-Line" Tangent
an
Water's
if the earth
line,representingthe
extended
survey
of perspective
nor
"
laws
of
insist upon
Level, Extended
Convergent
water's
methods
in
Is the
indicated, the
of
to
modify results of
principlesand
usual
newly-discovered means
the
vision
"
we
have
of the compass,
yet clearlydefined,
the
distance
of meridian
from
arrived
to
the
inaccuracies;many
measurement
into account
thought
is
lars
perpendicu-
would
earth
if
that
earth
Government
without
variations
the
moreover,
the
ises
prem-
difficulties encountered
the
light and
of
of the
all
stars
engineering;even
other
basis.
concave
that
and
moon,
geodeticoperationsare
and
admit
premises
upon
and
true
center, and
one
the sun,
from
are
ordinary
Our
scientific tests
must
to
converge
magnitude of
and
diameter.
premises be
our
of
compass
unproven
concave,
in
miles
sphere 8,000
the
dir-line^could
Surface?
were
convex,
level at any
right angles
never
or
to
come
the
tal
horizon-
given point
on
perpendicular,
in contact
with
GEODESY.
NSW
the
The
shown
of
arc
perpendicular,the
surface; BC,
and
the
inches
per
by
the
water
the
EF
is
distance
of
is 6 feet from
line
3
at the
of the
surface
12
feet.
If the
air-line
In
the
water,
Let XY
page.
length. A,
feet above
represent
length, and
the
BD
to
D, the
plied
multiand
parallel
the
inches, or
amount
PQ, which
in the
the
rate
opposite
the
concave
horizontal
extension
convergent
on
ing
the follow-
arc
the top
of 8 inches
be
diagram
perpendicular support,
BC,
of 8
miles
is the
the water;
rate
same.
represented in
as
is 72
extended
concavelyat
curvates
mile, it is evident
be
is
PQ
PQ
from
the
the tangent
arc.
from
to
in miles
miles, while
the
It is clear
horizontal
connecting
length,
feet in
of the distance
equals
in
length. A,
in
of the
to
XY
continually
Let
line BC.
extended
increase
at
diagram.
which
of the horizontal
would
8 inches.
gent
tan-
straight-edge 15
from
distance
the
arc,
miles
lo
point of
horizontal
surface
water's
convexity
vertical
D, the extension
that
accompanying
is self-evident.
and
perpendicular, the
in the
represent the
This
be tangent to it.
relations of the
are
45
10
miles
of which
straight-edge 15
of the horizontal
in
is 6
feet
line BC.
46
E
THE
point
represents the
in
completes
the
Every
is
the
works
be the necessary
of which
air-line,and
the
convex;
make
air-line
to
converge
relations that
the
exist
curvating
principlesand
that
all
such
following from
the
as
laws
Indeed,
leveling insist
consequences,
the
that
would
it inevitable.
surveying and
on
the
contact.
of the
were
of
con-
perpendicular,being oblique
the
perpendicular,
earth
cosine
along
the
to
and
hydrostatics would
would
the
comes
distance
upright support
The
points of
fair statement
surface, if the
standard
the
air-line
The
extremities
chord, the
at
extended
surface.
miles.
surveyor
the
between
the
water's
about
to the horizontals
of
where
from
equidistant
the water
above
COSMOGONY.
surface, from
point,is
tadl
the
with
contadl
EncyclopaediaBritannica:
drawn
line
at
and
touching
particularspot ;
that
continued
and
the
apparent
hence
to the
true
absolute
as
level
equallytrue
of the
an
earth's
but
surface, is
if the
considerable
for any
It is
as
CELLULAR
will
length,
be
if such
which
level at any
above
the
point on
the
crosses
true
the
only
in
plumb
be
surface,
one.
is concave,
the extension
the water's
surface,
minate
inevitablyand invariably ter-
converging with
line be
level
true
air-line,would
line
line
the water's
extended, and
be
surface; and
it should
an
absolute
converge
demon-
stration
the
of
the
which
upon
it will stand
scientific
If the
of
truth
of
them
Cosmogony
of modern
science.
invitingan
There
which
and
be
be
obviously
the
and
one
contour
the
as
one
of
clamoring
for
world
the
test,
nor
dispute,
today, in
of the
susceptibleof
so
concerning
concavity of
the
water's
solving
the
surface
cannot
question
in
formulated
Geodetic
Modern
of the
stated, focalized,
specifically
to the
proposed
now
basis
before
of
method
no
certain
and
this
as
earth; because
changed,
point
one
convexity
earth's
the
to
facts.
of the
so
enced
experi-
hereby extend
establish
not
are
we
issue
principlescan
decision,
System,
this
another
pivoted upon
the
will be
We
overthrow
thus
impartialtest
is not
the
absolute
and
to
the
test
in demonstration
them
to meet
demonstratingthe
of
In
premise
the
willing to
as
are
are
we
premises, or
our
Koreshan
but
today
men
opportunity
is
premise,no difficultywhatever
our
destroy
to
it is
"
speedilysettlingthe question.
the
and
System
propositionsas
our
in
Koreshan
the
47
concavity.
earth's
of
premise
OPERATIONS.
GEODETIC
MODERN
the
is
so
Koreshan
world.
Operations.
The
and
evidence
that
the
is round
earth
"
Royal
Astronomical
THAT
and
the
earth
is convex,
positiveevidence
are
unable
It
long
Society.
ago,
seems
but
to
has
offered; the
place the
that
there
they should
have
any
eminent
most
within
matter
been
never
the
mers
astrono-
of
range
settled this
have
not
direct
tainty.
cer-
question
been
forth-
48
CELLULAR
THE
coming;
introduced
to be
the
is
problem
forth
that
supplied;some
absolute
field of
at
least has
any
satisfactory demonstration
The
Koreshan
the
earth's
Involving
of
corroborative
endeavors
known
earth's
Facts
been
and
evidence"
system
exactly the
was
reduce
and
of
than
' '
The
necessarilyresulted
do
not
prove
presented in favor
that
we
live
on
of
the
in the scientific
''cumulative
convexity
ascertain
the
this
the earth's
its exterior
nitely
defi-
The
popular
says,
**not
in the
in
perversion
hypotheses
scientific world
For
to
disorderly development
held
facts
to
Proctor
conclusions
usual
the
earth's
the
rather
contour
true
truth;
Modern
Not
engaged
reduce
to
in
developed gradually,but,
of the
as
Earth.
principles,and consequently
reverse
the
demonstrated
But
of the true
exact
form.
rejectsno
It
earth.
has
making
phenomena
of the
of the system
to
cosmic
men
any
able
Used
of the
systematic arrangement,
some
of
circumstantial
true
put
earth's
Rotundity,
Convexity
It has
in
concavity.
the
Prove
Astronomy
not
succeeded
the
Phenomena
and
needs
stration.
and pivotaldemonspecific
fact
not
Usual
today has
well-established
no
fact
the true
to set aside
fact,and does
The
the
to
Some
absolutely solved.
been
has
shape
not
of
alone
geodesy
geodetic operationsbefore
System
of
scientific mind.
actually, practically,and
singleeffort,or
question of
science
modem
into the
maintain
We
the
to be
link needs
missing
the
things pertaining to
many
bafflingthe skill of
are
COSMOGONY.
reason
are
and
the
all of the
rotundityr^dWy
but indicate,
surface,
GEODETIC
MODERN
for what
considered
when
they
of that
such
of
System
and
the
to be
curvature
The
earth.
the
assumption
The
size of the
standpointof
earth
the earth's
geometric functions
In the
proved
is
The
with
convex
is greater
all the
facts
convexity of the
to be
sphere by
involve
not
of that
sphere.
sphericalangles and
from
if considered
same
in
application
from
of
the
the
ical
spher-
hollow
globe,
to
misapplicationof
most
the
or
view
to
the
the
ratio of their
of arcs,
measurements
is
an
oblate
are
of the
them
basis of absolute
ter
polar diame-
from
the view
of meridian
curve
stellar
to
arcs,
altitudes and
findingwhether
the
prolatespheroid.
by painstakingmen
to have
whether
equatorial;geodesistsendeavor
not
obtained
or
the
line of
the
ascertaining,riot
but whether
curvature
with
in
work
accurate
concave,
less than
or
sphere.
concave
We
for
of
Koreshan
true
leads
convex
is made
the earth
earth
direction
The
outside
the
on
ter
charac-
figures involved.
but
the
evidence,*' does
the
in the
field of
is
the earth
to
is
computed
be
the
the
survey
of the
live
we
find their
excess
and
that
is round.
sphericity,applying
instead
the earth
would
arcs
earth's
circumstantial
and
remains
place
true
the
concavity
fact that
''cumulative
meridian
finds
to the popular
earth
considered, and
pointing to
to the
same
the
definitelyascertained.
Cosmogony
arguments
that
reached, there
be
rotundity to
49
reallyworth
are
fact
the
is
conclusion
that
OPERATIONS.
with
accurate
facts and
and
coast
survey,
instruments; but
oring
endeav-
facts; so
that
ments
measure-
instead
of
of
assumption,a
first
measuring
THE
50
meridian
and
arcs
first ascertain
with
CKLI*UI"AR
deducing
the direction
the work
of that
of
of such
then
flattened
extended
constitutes
at the
of survey
and
from
and
employed;
the extension
ellipsoid;
an
whether
ceed
pro-
the
Standpoint
geodeticoperations (save
the
assumption
visual
that
visual
the
line.
earth
insist that
We
first determine
from
absolutely which
of the line of
be
can
without
from
lines
point has
signal staff at
the
an
altitude
therefore
line.
approximated
the earth
critical
in
excess
of
the
If he knew
of
of
earth
the
the visual
line and
the
reads
miles; this
the
hair;
cross-
sight is straight,
it would
from
the
contour,
downward
curvates
exists between
of
visual
downward
and
tangent.
three
altitude
the
straightline, then
curvates
and
instrument, and
distance
to
tangible,and
earth'
concludes
the visual
that
levels his
geodeticsurveyor
plan
be determined
cannot
divergent
are
clude
con-
direction
or
is
of the
are
tangent
intangible,and
are
demonstration
lines
course
surface
vision
wiser
the
the
s
the
way
earth'
of
be
of their curvation
the visual
point on
and
lines
absolute
an
which
he
ratio
and
The
The
vision.
tested; the
direction
it would
tangiblebasis, determine
that
from
downward
curvates
in
Unes
compensation rods),visual
they invariably
straight(modified only by refraction),
that
is
earth
the
Surveyor.
with
geodetic measurements
or
then
poles.
of the
In all work
not
or
circle
Tang^ents From
Horizontal
and
curvature,
be able to determine
they would
are
ratio of
determining whether
curvature
or
COSMOGONY.
be
surface
of
line
conclusive
tangent;
that
from
but
divergency
the
earth
CELLULAR
THB
52
The
one
fact
lines of
vision
manifest
and
vision
of
as
such
in
observations
surface
the water's
of five inches
extent
COSMOGONY.
mile; it does
per
is, that
divergent to
are
indicate
not
does it prove
right lines,nor
the
the
the direction
the
theory of
convexity.
Horizontal
Assumption
fact;facts
should
absolute
be
often
and
proof of
would
the
intangiblevisual
this is
When
weight against
any
found
the
made
that
have
we
had
no
surface, we
another
in
to
our
I^t the
Cosmogony.
conform
to
eses
hypoth-
we
water's
ratio of
the known
done,
of
system
a new
and
If
wanting.
assumption against
lines be
Earth.
assumptions
concavity of
pittingone
to establish
endeavor
have
never
are
weighed
are
in tlie Concave
Tangents
the
earth's
divergence.
which
is
represented
in the
above
T,
the
the
diagram.
point read
be able to
the
from
earth
of
the earth
the visual
horizontal, but
the
surface;
critical mind
is concave,
The
cross-hair.
the
that if the
see
divergence of
indicate
over
XY
the
would
will
fact of the
positively
ward
lines,not slightlydowncurvation
upward
more
MODERN
of direction
surface
of the
of the
place the
ratio of
in
of
from
external
at T.
The
below
read
point P
direction
the
point
^np,
of
the
water*
read
engineer's level,plus
the
the
to be
far below
as
in the
'
the
assumed
earth
and
and
and
in
external
**
is the
be
to
of
the
other
p, appearing
visual
the
and
line
horizontal
is
gent'
tan-
the
the
conclusions
and
category
other
convexity ?
The
size
of
the
cate
indi-
to
seem
lines
and
angles
reached
from,
there-
being something
thus
of
number
**proofs" that
*
considered
whole
What
Calculations.
conclusions
as
can
explanation does
earth, where
the
usual
visual
lines
In
of
the
'cumulative
explanation
of the
at
seen
In survey,
in the
the
circumstantial."
to be
be
to
appear
altitude
phenomena
demonstrated;
not
is convex,
of
virtue
appear
Qeodetic
observed
convex.
factors
imagined except
need
is
placed
are
dicular
perpen-
divergence; in
positionas
Usual
into consideration
the main
things
of
certain
the earth
taken
staff,would
visual line
Basis
In this way,
that
surface, but
the
would
of the
of
ratio
ening,
perspectiveforeshort-
surface
amount
it
earth.
concave
Appearances
at
to the
parallelwith
extent
its true
vertically. The
curved
are
on
upward
signalstaff,would
the
to
of
much
which
curvating, by
so
line
lines that
the earth's
and
the
on
mile, would
per
right angles
lines of vision
curvilineation
bcy and
tangent
the curvilinear
concavely, from
curvation
tangent
principlesof
be in the
inches
13 inches per
the
being
the difference
and
lines and
visual
curvilineating
earth's
of about
the
53
curvature;
curvating visual
water
the
the
is conclusive
an
OPERATIONS.
rapidly than
excess
GEODETIC
be
not
culations
caland
the
into
enters
thought
the
"
they
have
results
same
of
specificpremise
from
which
is
premise
the
earth's
factors
ones
but
for
absolute; and
principles of
will be found
and
to be
in the direction
height
the
on
of
which
a
mountain
distance
at which
sions
conclu-
the
specific
true
geometry
method
of
calculating
entirelyoverlooked
of cui*vature
we
supplies
the
when
the
the
and
form.
magnitude,
earth's
System
Koreshan
would
size
usual
the
surface
and
take
we
practically
standpoint of the
between
cosmic
the
scientific
of
^that
"
culty.
diffi-
the
over
earth's
of the
the
the
be
must
in
tions;
deduc-
geodetic measurements,
restored, the
will be found
imagined
from
Geodesy is,that
Koreshan
erroneous
leaders
the
to
even
difference
quantity
bridge
to
to calculation
as
The
concavity.
If
not
if considered
be obtained
occurred
not
assumed
produces
link is needed
has
It
and
problem
missing
the
calculation,an
the
in
factors
angles are
COSMOGONY.
CELLULAR
THE
54
live.
and
The
(Fig.
its top
not
in the
the
the
fallacious
magnitude,
of the
character
instance
i, in
and
is that
above
is visible at
sea
of
the
diagram),
over
the
MODERN
horizon, which
is
of
computation
GEODETIC
supposed
OPERATIONS.
furnish
to
magnitude of
the
55
only
not
basis of
also
earth, but
the
proof of convexity.
bethe
lyCt DBC
of the
mountain;
which
the mountain
farthest
B, the
be
may
the circle at B; AB
point
AB
: :
AB
: AD
AC
".
that
of
diagram
principlesin
some
and
visual
of
be studied
may
mind
curvilineation.
it not
Does
as
the
of the
direction
considered
as
essential
Suppose that
problem?
calculated
7,936 miles.
profit,with
with
of
indicative
earth's
factors
in
the
factors
these
be
basis of the
practicallythe
concavity.
We
maintain
if taken
earth
factor
in
furnishes
For
showing
the
which
way
all such
a
the earth
of
that
above
the
nitude
magthe
culation
cal-
Definite
be made
must
curves
the
for the
upon
knowledge of
should
earth's
the
of
and
curvature
compensate
same,
the
shape
solution
the
would
prime
in
that
seem
the ratio of
be
the
be
perspectiveforeshortening
earth, that
miles
126
further
of
those
"
be
mountain
if the
distance
AC
-"
height, and
at
ment.
seg-
AC
in
seen
to
AB"
this it is determined
is
the external
CD==
AC
From
is tangent
333,
AB"
AC
AB
from
circle
the
on
Then,
seen.
Therefore, Geom.
of the
circumference
the
comparison,
that if the
we
earth
present Fig.
be
in
acknowledged
be
the
to
be
same
cut,
concave,
56
THB
Fig.
in
those
the
a,
in the
is the
same.
results
far below
as
the
COSMOGONY.
of
the
calculation
its real
are
point of observation,
The
XY.
and
i,
the
practically
BA
CSI.LUI.AR
would
from
the surface
be
to
appear
and
at
seen
the
dotted
earth
would
segment
or
to
appear
of circle
arc
beneath.
The
There
level to
Cross-Hair
distant
extending
from
must
embrace
the
diameter
loo
be
can
direct visual
no
objects, for
the eye
dimension
of the
feet in diameter
of the
the
cover
in the
BC,
the
balloon,a thread
same
throughout
increase
in
the
that
reason
engineer's
**line''
the
object,
an
vanishing point,equal
Suppose
to
balloon
speck
or
that
the
diameter
cross-hair
will
is the
just
visual
pointing?
there
so
the
so
point. To what
Suppose
from
diagram, represent
engineer's level T,
the
line
object vanished.
recedes
Point.
Vanishing
vanishingpoint of
at the
above
balloon,and
the
the
to
the
and
could
that
its
be
extended
apparent diameter
distance;its diameter
proportion
to
the
from
to
the
shall be the
would
distance, until
at
have
the
to
place
GEODETIC
MODERN
where
the balloon
be
feet
100
diameter; which
electric
At
b, place
the
the
point of light';
to
an
that
the
Remove
pointof
but
the
the visual
be
below
be
would
is
that
at n\
seen
curvated
is convex,
used
not
the
reach
demonstrate
exterior
or
by
above
the
point
of
interior
from
of
are
an
be
efg
line
the
to
*
space
top of the
that
which
on
This
A^?
prove
that
'visual line!'*
and
Earth's
be
visible,
seen
earth's
Apply
Shape.
that
the
rotundity
evidence; they
they
feet;
100
conclude
Discover
of the
absolute
surface
the
the surveyor
favor
absolutelywhether
to the
of
still be
the
of the
cur-
ing
at the vanish-
surface
the
to
Shall
within that
consideration,it will
in
'
then
we
from
of Demonstration
rieans
line*
are
that
Unable
been
^'proofs'*
usually offered
do
shall
to ^ ?
point. Let
is
thread
dimension
to
suming,
as-
conclude
to be ?
of the
Visual
line
then
we
extending
curvating away
has
Science
From
downward
preciselythe argument
the
tracted
con-
d\ it is 50 feet,
vanished, and
has
Modern
line
feet of which
it rests
earth
to
appears
lightappears
contracted
the
Shall
the
the base
is
space
mountain
instrument
visual
b to
longitudinalaxis
height, 50
to
d.
to
feet in
contracted
but
be.
perspective,and
the
from
the
feet embraces
100
it appears
hill 60
at
where
the
from
downward
vates
be
to
of
that
the distance
lightappears
conclude
we
would
representedby
b and
factor
surveyor,
d is 50 feet below
that
between
space
the
line,measure
the
is
direct the
light;now
important
the
does
as
and
diameter
thread
at d.
Ignoring
direct
point,the
57
to be
appear
to be
appears
'
OPERATIONS.
do
applicableto
not
the
58
THE
in diameter.
It
have
to have
be found
in the
horizontal
instead
latter
has
by
visual
devised
other
has
Something
they
The
is the entire
in the
such
Koreshan
fact
of
absolute
demonstration,
render
of
form
Koreshan
of
and
of
conclusion
There
why
is
no
that
has
Korksh,
the
there
to make
the
such
has
something
which
not
also
the
been
Founder
it bespeaks the
boasted
able
to
do.
of the marvelous
the
science
of
of the
present
survey,
in the
should
only'
success
of modern
deceit
the
are
not
but
us
that
operations,and
but
general scientific investigation,
every
reason
geodetic
only
not
specificproposition and
done, and
in not
this
so.
"
do
lines?
for
them, and
evidence
function; and
and
nineteenth
of the water
demonstration,
to
applied
discovered,
a
would
visual
Koreshanity, is promulgating
System
methods
not
fact that
the
is
able
us
has
scientific world
cosmic
of
the
the
invention
System
of
System,
to
tion
investiga-
it been
surface
prevent
question reduced
conspired to
had
than
demonstration
pivotalpoint and
It evinces
to
The
absolute,and
ingenuity
able to do
been
not
fact that
principlesof
conspired
have
is
means
is to
test
scientific
to test the
means
some
seems
curvilineation.
to
great is^ue
the
it
given perpendicular,
former
of
means
air-line,of the
or
modern
the
not
equilibration,
by
reason
with
the
has
Why
century
to
havoc
decided
have
point of
some
absolute
direct
called
so
form;
true
the
line, subject
geodetic surv'^ey;
ago
that
as
the vertical
played
them.
in
to them
modem,
find
earth's
extension,
from
of the
and
long
occurred
the
failed to
long
so
ascertainingabsolutely, the
never
that
strange
seems
scientists should
COSMOGONY.
CSLLUI.AR
be.
science
Koreshan
It
experiments,
also in overthrowing
System; there
invites
is
no
investigationand
6o
THE
until they
CELLULAR
entirelydisappear. They
known
those who
to
who
have
is
there
the mind
object which
perceivesan
in
actuallylarge or
We
inches in
length, at
removed
arrow
the
where
the
the rays
de is just one
that
distance.
to be
The
eye
as
which
one
same
retina
eye;
from
of the
the
half the
focalize.
length
BC
an
the
eye;
DE,
eye;
from
distance
the
and
to be
an
could
arrow
be
entirely invisible.
be
object can
degree, or
the
of the
is removed
to
(i') of
distance
which
the object
arrow
12
Ar,
and
the
same
de^
and
eye,
far
so
smallest
so
from
the
angle under
that when
equals
the
angle
the
sixtieth
one
space,
here
noticed
removed
The
ject,
ob-
an
I^et it be
is about
seen
minute
one
small, it is
principleby -the
When
angle which
this
illustrate
impression upon
cross
parallellines, or
the visual
given distance
to twice
length of
well
fact
apparent size of
represents the
the
of
impression of
is
appears
The
near.
may
following diagram: A
operation
with
of
the
the
in the
convergence
do
to
in fadl diminish;
It
eye..
straightreach
apparent
an
had
have
observed
to
implantation of
objecJls
upon
do not
in size is due
diminution
the apparent
the
COSMOGONY.
3,000
part of
an
times
ject
obits
GEODETIC
MODERN
angle no
an
largerthan
to
let
illustration,
the balloon
of
that it shall
so
the balloon
is reached
in diameter.
When
or
of
dimension
the eye,
so
be in the
that the
to form
compadllyas
thread
at the
looking out
flat
lyCt us
earth
would
in
would
of each
part of
direction
constitute
eye
be
a
from
if the
fact would
eye.
is
closely and
so
feet
If the
result
surface
as
whole
the
thread
upper
be
loo
^being50
rim,
the
were
that
the
basin, with
deep
upper
radiallyfrom
placed
concavity 50
inquireif a rise of 8
be perceptible
to
feet
trumpet,
point.
of each
every
would
to
when
loo
"
because
constitute
plane. The
of
to be
extended
be
would
upper
like
to
The
would
slope upward
eye,
be
would
the appearance
upon
that
straight. The
reduced
surface.
flaringend
center, while
have
vanishing pointof
longitudinalaxis
plane, they
same
same
it appears
threads
if 10,000
and
the same;
the
opposite direction,the
in the
be extended
thread
been
thread
to be
more
the sides
at the
will
have
and
level of the
feet has
100
apparently
would
reduced
extend
we
be
to
necessarily
distance, so
more
the thread
the
higher than
balloon
If
the
feet,would
the
is appliedto the
the eye
pointof
it appears
loon
bal-
actually been
have
the thread
and
absolutelyparallel
vertical
feet
point;
that
distance,its diameter
the
as
suppose
not
feet.
loo
proportionablyto
be increased
us
vanishing point of
throughout
diameter
visible
until
that it has
dimension
recedes
know
We
The
point.
embraces
to
of
feet in diameter
point.
mere
be
minute
one
vanishing point.
the sake
ICO
6 1
OPERATIONS.
Suppose
of the
the
eye
62
THE
looks
out
flat
upon
placing
at
subtend
The
would
become
or
half
one
concavity of
horizon
be
not
perceptibleto
will appear
feet in
of the
excess
second
mile would
which
has
above
angle of
an
more
The
feet.
miles, would
be
be
eye
XY
inches
than
mile
"
The
the eye,
surface.
the
Is
tend
miles, sufficient to sub-
(1') of
object embracing
invisible at
supposed
degree?
feet vertical
distance
and
the eye;
to look
be 6 miles, as
represents the
of the arc;
one
is 32
of
6,000
so
on,
or
for tht
similar results.
radii would
2.
The
inches ?
first mile.
above
2
the
now
first mile,
the
higher
minute
one
imperceptibleto
whose
Will
Let the
than
become
dimension, would
inches
concavity,
as
the
feet
distance of
feet; an
2X3,000=6,000
for
curvature
mile
one
eye.
such
miles
2,000
of solid
of
area
much
as
in two
actually rise
feet at
an
one
in diameter
inches, or
altitude of 8
an
altitude of 8
an
of
the space
at
eye
of the earth
upward
cur\'^ature
perspectivefor
rise 8 inches.
to
it is not of
"
the unaided
8 inches
be apparent to the
Plate
for
sufficient to
degree
plane,
ible,
be invis-
rise of 8 inches
inches
be elevated
If the eye
second
is not
object8 inches
mile.
of the
in
object having
invisible is 8X3,000=24,000
radius, would
the
(i')of
an
mile
one
objectwould
of vertical
area
at which
distance
feet,less than
ground
The
minute
one
mile, an
one
of 8 inches.
angle of
are
the surface
an
an
radii
whose
placed near
distance of
vertical dimension
because
COSMOGONY.
plane,
be
the eye
length. Let
after
CELLULAR
i, 2, 3, 4, 5,
apart.
The
eye
over
concave
area
representedin Diagram
concave
6,
out
points on
at A
5,
the
is situated
earth's
face
sur-
24 feet above
MODERN
the horizon
surface, with
the
make
subtends
the unaided
and
as
an
lies between
the retina
make
of
minute
angle too
to
of
i,
length,
shorter
S and
definite
picture,cd^ and
last mile
which
The
of 6 miles.
distance
length of
mile would
at
pictureupon
63
OPERATIONS.
GEODETIC
until
the
so
on,
be
perceivedby
the horizon
which
beyond
eye;
sight. The
of
the ratio of
so
to
as
the
earth
cause
surface
concave
is not
concavity is
What
subtend
large to
angle sufficiently
If the
earth
less than
were
although exactly on
far distant
The
earth
as
to
destroy the
the
of
appearance
at the
to the
inches
up
so
inches
be
eye,
would
clear-cut
of
view
upon
per
zon,
hori-
the
mile
the
upon
the
to
mile will
ratio of about
that
to
its present
13
to the
the
on
concavity
half
one
is,
perspective,
and
perceptible;
level with
concavely
curvates
be
not
out
^that
impressed
rapidly as
as
drop
that each
perspectiveso
be
the
upward
be the ratio of
must
area
retina?
and
with
"
the vertical
just fillthe
an
to
appears
outward
view
of vertical
level
concave
sufficiently
equal to
not
continuous
**slope."
concave
on
point practically
so
line.
inches
filling
the
cave
con-
the eye
it is
which
"
distance
of the
Beyond
sight or
a
to which
observer
the
above
horizon,
curvate
little below
is determined
the
the
downward;
the actual
by the
surface
surface
and
level at
at
altitude
place
seems
of
the
eye
of observation.
to
drop
point of observation.
out
of
appears
The
of
Series
Experiments
Surface
the
JPON
Conducted
the
by
exterior
Koreshan
surface
there
of
amount
convex
the
"
such
there
arc
first
of
arc
inches; while
32
increase
These
formula
of
calculation
of
that
offer
we
accredited
The
mile
the
of the
miles,
The
point
etc.
or
the
quote
earth
The
to
depression
for
inches; obviously,
inches,
or
times
inches,
two
feet
or
and
6
one
the
of
would
solution
the
the
be
tundity
ro-
know
may
of
amount
the
that
suggest
referred
for two
the
or
to:
line is 8 inches
tangent
of
constitute
follows, and
may
feet.
24
reader
miles;
The
for the
mile, determined
depression for
so
from
divergence
or
distance.
8 inches:
feet; and
of
vation
cur-
multiplied by
present
the
six
or
or
That
32 inches
square
first mile, 32 inches
Encyclopaedia Britannica.
as
inches
for
one
72 inches
for
Astronomy.
curvature
of the
of
convexity
as
from
for the
inches
at
geometry
contact;
Mattison's
"
of
amount
of
from
exaggeration
we
declination
supposed
surface.
no
geodesy
on
curvature
from
three
here
the
downward
in miles
obtained
the
for
tangent,
distance
be
of any
declination
first,curvature
of
earth's
curvature,
work
any
the
be
and
inches
fall of 72
horizontal
8
a
and
would
summit
mile
cumference,
cir-
in
ratio
or
of
would
figures are
miles
25,000
apex
second
mile,
of the
square
the
the
third
the
Staff.
definite
curvature
of
after
the
as
8 inches.
a
from
mile
every
be
Water's
miles, there
downward
For
end
for the
in six
feet; and
exist
globe
circle;from
the
at
of
Every
would
mile, and
Geodetic
would
curvation.
the
on
for
on
"
three
within
the
mile,
second
vertical
of the
curvature
and
geometrically,
two
miles
miles,
such
the
is four
creases
inis 8
earth
so
on.
"
amounts
times
depression
greater distances
is 9
as
EARTH
THE
NOT
IS
65
CONVEX.
in ordinary observations.
be considered
Thus
up to 100
it may
be said that the depression, estimated
geometrically,is
the
8
inches
of
the
number
to
of miles.
multipliedby
equal
square
have
miles
to
"
Proctor.
The
If
Universal
earth
the
conform
would
Laws
were
present
would
few
by
such
the
relatingto
laws
foundation
law
which
be
may
the
among
and
pressure
brieflysummed
the
found
eye.
some
fluids.
of
certain
the
as
in
at rest, is shown
balance
up
seas,
physicists.
will be
hydrostaticsembraces
of
oceans,
appreciableto
hydrostatics,in which
on
equilibration
surfaces, and
convex
dispute
no
in
convexity;
be
is claimed
curvature
work
any
of
ratio
Hydrostatics.
all water
convex,
this
to
of
The
principles
necessary
quences
conse-
(i)
at
In
perfectfluid
given point is
normal
equal intensityfor
and
of
The
surface of
at
when
still,the
to the
surface upon
all
is the surface of
above
is
work
standard
pieceof
a
must
of the
and
clear and
to the
"
of
of
so
is,
at
gravity. Such
what
of
is
From
the
the surface
hydrostatics,
principlesinvolved
be
can
palpable
presented in
fluids.
general contour
acknowledgment
that
everywhere
physicists.The
is everywhere
gravity
that is
of
balance
of the law
conform
of
(2)
stillwater.
the
upon
it acts,
that surface.
the force of
brief statement
natural consequence
all water
of
which
stillfluid mass,
direction
the
any
in
equal pressure
right angles to
horizontal.
The
positionsof
exerted
pressure
no
fact.
tion
configura-
or
by
all scientists
here
escape
The
of
are
from
issue
so
the
rests
66
THE
here
true
"
tested and
form
of
indicate that
if water
does
to
it is
of
the
surface
to the
attacks
the
upon
convexity
earth
from
to
the
with
extent
some
survey
accepted theory
Astronomy,
to his neck
reach
chief
in
you
referring
the
the
vexity
non-con-
he said:
his eyes
few
inches from
the
a
the
surface six miles
close
to
object
have been something wrong
in the
seen
an
would
and
rotundity. Myths
"
Marvels
of
argument
water
miles, and
of
at
answered.
He
Bedford
had, with
the
telescope,seen
which
one
had
is a
there
where
Canal,
was
he
down
stood
up
straight
near
the
Of course,
the only sound
boat six miles away.
to his reiterated
can
questions, "What
say you to that? how
explain that?" was simply, "We do not explain it;we decline to
water*s
answer
in the
six
of
the water's
the earth*s
possiblybe
not
tion"not
ques-
279.
page
Parallax*
could
about
the
upon
himself
to console
issue rests
had, with
manifestly
him, there
curvating
Admissions.
and
surface, in which
if Parallax
Of course,
of Bedford
Canal,
surface
or
tains
main-
System
testimony of experimentalistsconcerningeven
of the water's
water's
per mile.
making experimentsof
it would
the
the
the
of
some
of the earth
of
test
Koreshan
Comments,
himself
busied
in
which
have
that
form
be
mined
deter-
upon
to
universallyrecognizethat
Astronomers
Proctor
earth
are
can
be
can
equally clear
The
earth.
the
Denials,
Proctor's
If water
the
laws
the earth
questionof
upward
of
of
be determined
can
settle the
that it is concave,
here.
pivot.
convexity.
surface,then, would
non-convexity
shape
these
not
or
general configurationor
conform
not
the
surface, then
the
whether
surface
the
live is convex;
other
this
settled upon
to be convex,
we
COSMOGONY.
questionis
that the
not
"
CELLUIfAR
edge
believe it.""
From
hold
small
Proctor"s
the
that
letter to Harper's
Weekly.
the smallest
bodies
astronomers
of
water
in
conform
eral
gento
68
THE
CELLULAR
surface,experiments
COSMOGONY.
conducted
were
Old
the
bend
canal
in the
canal
5 miles to the
At
the
of the
Old
111.,and
Summit,
of the line of
fixed upon
was
Illinois and
25,
running
the
up
beginning
inches in diameter
at
July
upon
experiment,a target
staff driven
of the
center
Michigan Drainage
Canal."
disc
Site of
in the
tom
bot-
just
was
22
18
Experiments,
inches, and
its lower
this
boat
point a
materials
three
was
target
with
upon
was
inches,above
containing
for
miles;the boat
obtained
edge
of the
the
sketches, etc.
was
then
target.
The
According
to
the
rowed
and
whole
plainlyvisible,appearing
From
observers, with
was
anchored
it.
three
the water.
an
of
scope,
tele-
distance
accurate
of
view
little above
the water,
accredited
convexity, with
the
KARTH
THB
inches
telescope12
have
the boat
When
by
located
within
the
above
bulge, on
would
curvate
three
fourths
visible to
of
mile
which
also the
was
less than
Convincing
Under
were
made,
the
two
edge of
each
was
the
With
to
and
12
of
aided
29
inches
the
of the
bank
the
which
one
fastened side
above
the water
miles; only
the
could
be
telescope.
would
be
above
the water,
line of
the
feet;
12
vision;
ible,
entirelyinvis-
below
the
tow-path,
the water.
on
large targets,
7 inches
inches
canal
be about
surface
below
8 feet above
from
with
of the
apex
apex
the target be
should
the instrument
or
which
water's
or
Observations
canal.
from
was
feet,7
bridge
lowered
instrument
the
not only
consequently,
but
of
target,which
been
have
should
point also, 5
convexity, would
away,
unaided,
eye
this distance,
at
the
away
the
with
mile
this
barge
of the
course
declination in the
The
of
fourths of
three
which,
of
the
water's
in the
body
or
another
above
telescopewas
plainlyvisible as
as
6 inches
inches
At
working.
seen
the
bend
bridge,and
telescope 12
againstthe bank
discernible
of the
the
were
from
inches
under
6 inches
barge
measured
only
was
were
men
rowed
with
obtained
was
69
visible.
anchored
view
been
was
CONVEX.
the water,
above
NOT
IS
Return
the
the
above
21x27,
by side
Journey.
so
observations
and
the
other
that
the
lower
The
water.
"
Digitizedby
paper
of
THE
70
which
they
miles
three
with
made
were
Upon returningto
boat
bridge,the
brightly
each
the
upon
sittingin
above
its
and
these
in
position
came
three
about
of
Repeatedly the
the
sight. Will
again at
be
have
The
and
to the
same
barge
placed
it the targets
then
view
lowered
was
not
30
the best
observations
made
was
of
out
with-
his head
few
from
inches
of the
surface,
again they
the
unaided
eye,
appeared occulted,
bridge appeared
have
out
water
of
To
three
of
been
boat
with
seen
feet above
been
the
the
water
invisible.
telescopewas
through
was
the
been
and
was
the
about
were
sittingerect
eye
eye
the
with
quietand still,
telescopebring the
would
being
the water
piers under
eye
15 inches
seen.
above
approach
nearer
not
of the
bridge;
unaided
within
to
invisible;upon
feet of space
that much
the
slowly lowered
within
came
time
writer
shining
the
was
final tests
sittingposture,
the eye
as
canal
face
sur-
miles from
was
observation
particular
telescope. The
the water;
and
sun
for the
experiments.
the
its
favorable
most
the
boat,
The
the water.
scarcely a rippleon
distance,to
the
made
was
the water.
targets under
paper
was
anchored; the
visible at this
were
observer
inches
trip,observation
was
boat
the
plainlyvisible above
was
in the
placed
were
bridge. When
the
targets
the
the return
on
of the targets
the
COSMOGONY.
white; they
was
directlybeneath
sunshine
rowed
CELLULAR
to
were
above
the
water,
plainlyvisible.
The
ment
instru-
12
within
obtained, with
The
inches
inches
the entire
result of the
of
the
surface;
surface
of the
comparison of
the
THE
conditions
the
same
under
the
of the
been 9 feet
the eye
would
10
The
of the
and
bulge
represents the
of
were
convex,
to the terminus
of the
the
eye,
basis of the
the
6
telescope,
mile
the
above
diagram illustrates
relations
view
the
ing
direct line extend-
objects,upon
water
accompanying
from
inches
convexity, is
accredited
inches below
first target
be the conditions
calculated convexity.
from
the
the apex
over
five miles.
line of
of
case
the
have
from
with
CONVEX.
The
should
what
in the
NOT
IS
of observation
as
water.
EARTH
inches
distant; S, the
the
water
beneath.
The
Striking Feature
Unmistakable
But
Evidence
the
at
that
end
of the
Observation,
Water
strikingfeature
the most
observation
Final
of the
was
noticed
because
it afforded the
water's
non-convexity. Directlybeneath
seen
their white
most
unmistakable
reflections upon
in
plained away;
adjustment
of the
the
the
the water,
water, which
showed
telescope,
cannot
from
in
"
this last
important,
evidence
Convex
is Not
journey
return
Giving
of the
targets
were
elongated
We
found
here
possibly be
careful
and
conclusivelythat
and
a
tix-
steady
we
not
THE
72
only
saw
targets', we
the anchored
the surface
bridge No.
which
the
and
boat
2,
of
the
the targets
the
visible down
between
only this,
not
canal
the
up
The
distant.
fastened, and
were
surface
targets; and
more
built, were
pierswere
water*
extending
water
miles
ij^
"
the white
the
directlybeneath
waier
foot of the
every
saw
"
but
COSMOGONY.
CELLUI.AR
timbers
of
stones
surface
to the
to
to
which
of the
canal.
The
evidences
presented
satisfying and
most
the
slightestconvexity
with
the
telescope6
with
12
feet above
The
the
of
the water's
time
relations
the
the
bank
from
the
have
been
and
with
There
bridge.
carefully-drawn sketches
The
surface
of the
placed
had
in the
under
testimony
in bold
refutation
to the
of
assumption
the unaided
taken
canal
is the
truth
the
of the
of the
modern
water'
in
the
half
convexity
views
targets and
as
Once
can
can
was
be
be
objects
indisputable
Cosmogony,
could
it
as
targets
same
of science
mile
observation.
today
plain view,
Koreshan
system
objects,was
comparison,
of each
the
the
instrument,
one
For
same
two
water,
distortion;there
were
relief and
the
eye,
mirage.
conditions,with
invisible.
size,from
of the
positionagain. The
same
similar
standing out
relative
through
no
and
bridge,
the
targets upon
canal,
dimension
nor
the
been
have
there
be seen;
objectunder
their
was
refraction
no
were
reflections
no
could
either
on
last view
size
in the view
as
same
of
any
the
to
as
The
left them.
water,
beneath
we
the
surface,would
carefully .observed
were
above
convexity,
of this
the surface
upon
water
lines
of
inches
targets upon
the accredited
observations
these
been
of the
in
and
built upon
more
in
the
the tele-
TH^
scope
ago,
is used
it
BARTH
with
was
the greatest
to look
be induced
through
conversion
principaldifficultynow
scientific thought to
of
scientists
or
and
experiments
results
of
observations
it be
Let
Experiments
neers,
engithe
where
repeated with
the
Lake
on
body
any
still water,
and
modern
of surveyors,
be
can
of
leaders
number
any
use,
new
time,
system.
new
surface of
the
the surface
to
given above.
as
induce
is to
will escort
We
water.
years
that
at
to the
is put to
it upon
use
hundred
magic tube;
73
the
through it meant
observation
CONVEX.
science ! Three
revolutionize
to
NOT
IS
Michigan.
is shown
in
That
the surface of the sea is convex,
by tjje way
it sails from
the
when
which
the ship disappears
the shore.
First,
hull goes down
the horizon, then
the sails,and
behind
finally the
mastheads.
other than a convex
surface it
If the ship moved
on
any
in
Astronomer.
the
Prof.
would
Peabody,
telescope.
again
appear
"
If the water
in
the
were
interveninghill of
it is conclusive
that
be
render
powerless to
It is
again.
bulged
and
water
if this
not
ships disappear
do
so
because
telescopewould
portionof
the occulted
does
would
were
hulls, the
boats and
they
would
that if the
equally clear
vanished
the
not
hull down,
distance
the
when
convex,
water
telescope can
which
upon
store
re-
they sail is
downward
curvate
ible
ships vis-
the
beyond
the
horizon.
It is with
made
were
of I^ake
to this
reference
on
sharply defined
yachts and
The
Fair
atmosphere
against
schooner
were
the
that
servations
specialob-
August
Michigan, World's
Staff.
phenomenon
the
shore
grounds, by
the
menting
Experi-
clear and
the
horizon
was
sky
observed
beyond.
at
Several
distance
of
sloop
about
I'HB
74
miles; from
12
a
altitude of
an
the
pierextending into
half of the
height
through
eye;
and
the
full
an
feet above
lo
height
glass,all of
with
vessel
the
of
surface
one
into view
the sails
the
telescope of about
brought
was
about
and
visible, with
were
(from
were
of masts
the water
hulls
the
lake),
of the masts
opera
COSMOGONY.
CEIXULAR
40
hulls
powers,
with
able
remark-
clearness.
then
We
30 inches
about
small
10
miles to
boat 60
feet out
of
sight.
opera
glass and
about
one
seen;
but
It
the
was
that
at
12
horizon.
were
over
been
of which
greeted with
by
satisfactory
the
the
at least
with
As
west.
we
eye,
horizon.
upon
the
could
masts
small
portionof
the
be
yacht,
On
made
we
beautiful
at
the
seven
the
sunshine
was
pilot house
upon
the
appeared
horizon
"
rendered
were
approached
It
the
glass,only
opera
observations
what
20
low:
brieflypresent be-
we
most
of
reason
speck
the
feet
40
came
1896,
23,
the
as
plainly visible.
the
vessels from
made
water
leaving
away,
test
sails and
miles, was
very
^they
if the
not
have
the
"
tops would
eye
horizon, placing
height of the
only
the
the
clear and
with
miles
probably
were
now
observations, some
specific
white
from
feet below
the
water,
be two
seen
I^ake shore
more
be
could
the
only
water,
telescope. With
half of the
the distance of
We
from
would
if not, their
height, and
of the
unaided
the
sloop yachts
of the
with
masts
downward
curvate
in
the
white
mere
the horizon
convex,
masts
the surface
at this distance
the eye
were
above
appeared like
With
beach, and
to the
went
shore
to be
small
the
we
mere
steamer,
visible above
76
THK
refraction
be
to
would
remain
and
clearlyto be
disappearanceof
if
that
seen
strange that
so
matter
long escaped
nothing
of
that what
calm
day
the
even
we
upon
have
of
observations
of the Geodetic
conclusive.
Cellular
observer,
Cosmogony
tion
explana-
no
seen
dear
any
While
in progress,
now
the
to
and
Southern Waters.
Bay
of
the
on
Expedition,were
of
of Mexico
Naples.
carefully condudled
These
Qulf
by the
in every
experiments
members
way
are
tory
satisfac-
sufficient to
of astronomy,
and
to establish the
Koreshanity.
The
facts obtained
^to say
"
it;suffice it now
be
Conducted
overthrow
seems
this,should have
as
overlooked
on
Experiments
and
It
eye.
see
the I^ake.
and
THE
It is
impossibleto
as
casual
can
vexity
con-
of the
cause
observed
Observations
Series
be
the naked
most
We
they have
reason
with
the
were
easilyobserved
so
the scientist.
of the
say
as
the
not
field ?
telescopic
convexity
vessel,it would
the
the eye
between
view, would
to occult it in the
still remain
it
it ofE from
considered.
be
convexity intervened
that
If it be admitted
the
between
feet
loo
let the
to be over
allowed
(it is seldom
third
one
fifth),there
one
COSMOGONY.
CEI.I.UI.AR
decliningsystems
preliminarywork
no
by the
a
hold
foot-
of science!
was
OBSKRVATIONS
all that
ing
possibleof
were
in demonstration
seventy-fivesuch
horizon
sea
tions
observa-
experiments and
the
of the
^^
premise. About
Koreshan
conducted;
experiments were
volved
in-
these
comparative observations of
and atmospheric
meteorological
critical and
numerous
the
WATERS.
SOUTHERN
ON
under
various
conditions,distant vessels,coast
of the earth's
lines,etc.
; and
the evidences
and
conclusive
were
absolute.
Westward
from
the beautiful
the north
Gulf
the
Gulf
of Mexico;
through
horizon
Naples
west
bounds
to
From
the waterscape.
the lateral
to
of horizon
arc
of
great
sheet
concave
heightthe
observation
horizontal
plane of
of
the eye,
and
gradually curvate
of various
Vessels
horizon
came
of
into
finallythe hull,
the familiar
the
over
they sailing
Were
body ?
We
are
in text-books
this
lower
the earth
so
called
the earth
is
to
bulge
is
When
live
topsails
receding,
was
on
served,
ob-
vessel.
convex
Everywhere, from
we
they
sails and
going **down**
schools, to convey
convex.
proof that
view.
hill of water
or
the
finallythe entire
sails,and
of modem
the distance
From
of the hull
the horizon
to
exposed
phenomenon
then
that
were
eye;
bowl,
our
the
rises to meet
dailycoming within
were
whatever
geolinearperspective.
or
sizes
upward
Operating Station.
our
In
were
beneath
servation
point of ob-
the
From
extends.
water
"
distance, from
in the
away
stretches
line, there
coast
on
the
impression
all quarters,
exterior
surface
System.
It
of
was
78
THE
usual
all the
The
themselves.
made
of this
the purpose
COSMOGONY.
CEI,I.UI*AR
the
to rest upon
earth's
the sea,
had
experiments
of
of
scores
From
Observations
On
January
schooner
about
upon
10
miles.
the
water
cut
horizon.
The
telescope,not only
but
the
the vessel
down
to the
genuine
How
we
by
means
distance
dark
half
and
masts
mast
which
of the
seeing the
it sailed,he
the
sails,
the
sloop
sidered
observation,con-
**down;'* upon
and
be
to
large mounted
Capt. Gilbert,of
the time
line
quently
conse-
appeared
the
of
more
and
masts,
sails
top of the
of
upon
unaided
do
main
the instrument
water
case
to the
at
vessel about
through
at
four-mast
be but
to
half
one
plainview.
present
was
Beach.
Through
the
were
Ada, who
appeared
beneath.
Operating Station.
southwest,
of the
the
during
Naples beach,
about
thirds
two
accounts
and
hull
about
the
It at first
the
far
series of
our
made
Naples
in the
observed
was
distinct.
from
12,
is worth
give brief
observations
experimentationat
five months'
no
powerful telescope.
will
We
have
comparative
Expedition;but
only begun.
of the
few
and
eye
of the
the expenses
than
fadls of
the
as
appearance
dis-
and
can
observations
In these
more
the natural
with
observations
realizes
mind
the
facts
convexity,
of the appearance
phenomena
the
System, by
of the
argument
refute
viewing
hull
even
considered
it
the hull of
ble
ship invisi-
eye.
know
eye
of
that
?
We
we
will
rough draft
saw
only about
endeavor
to
half masts
illustrate the
of the four-mast
schooner,in
OBSERVATIONS
the
accompanying
from
topsails. The
the
unaided
vision
was
Fig.2,
of the
as
shows
diameters
was
nearly all
of
Through
dotted
telescope. An
also
the
cloud
January
line
seemed
was
above
connect
reached
There
horizon.
the water
the horizon
be
was
at that
cut.
famous
Sampson'
eye
tion
the apparent rela-
view, but
The
the southern
the
that it was
point we
smoke.
As
fleet,was
observed.
coming
to
the
hull.
the
above
the
dark
nel
small fun-
The
through
The
clusion
con-
into
unaided
endeavored
viewed
the
observed
steamer
have
bring
nothing visible
the
to
is extended.
horizon.
with
cloud
six
powerful
more
we
4 p. m.,
not
vessel
the
the horizon
about
When
glass of about
the vessel
being sufficient
seen.
line,but
Fig.3, in above
now
19,
just above
to
horizontal dotted
glass,that part of
sails
top-
The
opera
into
mainsails
could
CD
the
between
Fig. 2 shows
the opera
line
means
the
to the naked
vessel to the
the
and
the eye
cline
be noticed, in-
the
the observation.
with
i, the space
appeared in
it
of
appearance
Fig.
79
mainsails, leaving Vs
of
to the horizon.
reaching almost
in
in
as
it will
topsails,
width
to
topmasts
between
line AB
The
cut.
WATERS.
SOUTHERN
ON
vision
appearance
to
our
of
represent in
the
telescope,
of Rear
miral
Ad-
8o
THE
to the
as
shown
in
admitted
of
made
brought all
of
entirelyinvisible
jibswas
half
could,
observed
be
in the north
from
the
about
fiftydiameters,
time
on
as
the water
hull
Through
the lower
Rev.
eye
As
was
the
mounted
Sloop was
telescopeof
as
hull
were
at the
seen
a
same
white
speck
sail,mast, jib,
telescopethe
eye
about
from
view.
sails,and
masts,
Castle,who
13, 9
were
45
shore.
With
the
alone, not
more
than
the vessel
in
hull
a.
observed
m.;
most
half
mast
Through
the
of the
sloop observed
careful
scope
the tele-
best
ment
State-
Unity, and
experiment.
about
observation
calm, the
**down,*'
Staff,signed by
of the Koreshan
witnesses
in southwest;
visible.
were
possession of
Gratia, Pre-Eminent
February
from
unaided
to
this effect is in
E. M.
shining brightly
sun
largeschooner
entirelyhidden
the hull
Victoria
m.
11, 4 p.
appearance
to
the
was
visible.
were
February
with
line.
sight.
vessel
the
this,as
of
out
sails,masts, and
the
ing
fly-
two
appeared about
eye
two-mast
the horizon.
and
entirely
about
the
all of
parative
com-
telescope
schooner, with
hull
Through
southwest.
plainlyvisible to
the
while
the
effective in the
unaided
mistake
no
and
horizon
eye.
to the
*'down,'* with
mast
There
which
atmosphere
the
Mangrove
two-mast
7, 5 p. m.;
in every
was
experiment the
the
the naked
of
the
more
this
In
body of
to
seen,
of
the contrast
the
February
condition
the
observations.
pilot-house were
observation
smoke, which
This
Fig. 4.
because
satisfactory,
way
COSMOGONY.
water
visible
CEI.I.UI.AR
could
9 miles
with
be
the
seen.
opportunity was
The
afforded for critical observation.
telescope not only
showed
plainlythe topmast and rigging,but also the hull
down
to the
was
very
82
THK
tide level.
charadleristics by which
into the
extending
N.
The
W.
Sanibel
earth
about
was
place the
horizon
to
an
5 miles
about
to the
the horizon
560 feet,the
been
also
Idght
it to
doubt.
facts of actual
from
seen
The
be
I^t
the
axis of
was
us
to
the
sider
con-
leaving
away,
miles of
29
lighthouse,which
of the
Naples.
fallacious
the
dock
This
with
would
light to be
Here
observation!
Naples
scope
the tele-
level;this would
water
requiredheight
theory and
can
the
Sanibel
telescope,directed
convex.
were
feet above
17
declination from
at
5,
if the
distance
seen
flashes,different colors,etc.
reasonable
any
such
"
Naples,the
at
mistaken
recognized by all
intermittingflashes showed
JJightbeyond
the utter
amount
Gulf
be
not
observed
N.
be
evening of January
the
On
it may
intermittent
alternatingor
as
lightsmay
such
lightsin lighthouses,every
for
is manifest
Copemilighthas
the naked
eye,
under
we
COSMOGONY.
CBI^LULAR
append
following statement:
the
order
evening
Drummond
Thos. E. Hart
with
company
Ky., and
Mr.
that
mistaken
been
tide,with Gulf
very
previous. The
about
3"i feet.
mean
about
12
was
feet.
"
above
with
difference
The
David
present
of the
smooth,
height of
N.
at the
northeast
between
the
high
observation
"
N.
not
have
at low
It was
for several days
wind
and
floor of the
Walker, Sailor,Marco,
statements.
could
we
Light.
low
pier from
tides here is
low tide is
Fla.
attest
Walker, Marco,
Fla.
the truthfulness
OBSKRVATIONS
Cape Romano
Visible
at
With
at which
be
would
We
clear
25
Water
be
possibleupon
the
Florida
calm
the
Eye
the
is greater than
sea
basis of the
the
Fla., an
ililes With
upon
following
citizen of Marco,
pointalong the
seen
83
WATKRS.
Level.
and
atmosphere
objectscan
append
SOUTHKRN
ON
earth's
handed
statement
convexity.
to
west
by
us
every
coast:
before, sailingalong
but
I do
the
remember
not
channel
whether
from
we
Coon
Key
to
Cape
mano;
Ro-
"
Fla.
Remarkable
Staff
Observations
on
tlieQulf
by Koreshan
of Mexico
and
Geodetic
Naples
Bay, Florida.
The
objectionhad been
that
tests
that it
was
upon
decided
inland
so
waters
that observations
sane
mind
will
often
ics,
criturged by illogical
were
not
be made
to the
contour
satisfactory,
upon
the Gulf
of the
earth
84
THE
observations, no
this
COSMOGONY.
CEI.I.ULAR
reason
be
subterfuge can
brought
surveyed
was
to
bear.
For
the
Gulf
upon
coast.
Six
main
and
land
upon
Pass,
tide.
fixed
Pass, and
at
target
the
it
lyingbeneath
this
time when
Also
low
was
still in view.
water
water's
the
above
convex,
miles distant,leaving sH
to decline
13^
downward,
"
the
horizon
iniles of the
amounting
ble
observa-
of March
3, at
over
telescope
miles beyond
repeated.
was
the water
level,
only i}(
After
was
observation,
be
would
As the target
feet.
tide water
target below
18^
to
level,it would
deducting nearly
up for the
refraction,
11^ feet would
was
of the last
the
beach
surface,the target
water's
of vision.
depressionof
this
edge, with
sH
18
at
same
the low
seventh
oi
feet above
for
of
morning
the conditions
Under
were
sandy
convexity
was
the
stillvisible;
inches
12
the
On
was
At
tide.
low
line of the
No
telescopefixed
by recliningat the
instrument
tide
elevation.
the
the target
was
feet above
distinct.
was
the Gulf
with
if the
3^
taken to
telescopewas
the
was
at
2, the mounted
elevation of
an
altitude above
one
point
the
On
March
On
Gordon's
be
Doctor's
fixed
large target 3"^ feet square was
just 5 feet above
supports; the top of the target was
at Doctor's
low
sand
at Gordon*
the
points are
is equal to the
which
pointsof
the
lie between
Passes.
miles
half
one
remain
as
usual
lowance
al-
the amount
line
extending through
the
tance
horizon,to the dis-
the horizon.
OBSERVATIONS
vations
repeatedin
were
SOUTHERN
ON
the
smooth
4^^
uprightwith
the
feet above
the
cross-arms;
to
which
naked
eye,
the most
be
the target
with
seen
Over
the water
fixed
at
through
an
at the
results.
observed
30
Afterward,
18
with the
of the
the test
was
upon
touchingthe
were
high
belt of
from
the
horizon
mangrove
The
relief.
inches, with
made
were
The
target
between
was
still
repeated
clear
was
the bottom
Then,
observable.
was
same
inches
10
and
and
ment
instru-
the
of
height
the space
even
water
the water,
to make
fixed
without
The
careful observations
defined,and
of
northeast
above
the
at
Very
well
or
the views.
in bold
visible.
and
telescope.To
the
inches
to within
above
cut
the
altitude of
then lowered
of
5, at time
point
of
limbs
was
target stood
entirely invisible.
was
the lower
to occult
farthest
the
tremity,
ex-
fixed upon
space
March
the
upon
was
top of the
On
sults.
re-
southern
inches
constitutingthe background of
trees
found
was
At
same
Bay.
was
cloth 20x30
seemed
miles
Naples Bay.
target of white
a
an
of
waters
Naples
on
of
straight reach
the
afternoon, with
Experiments
85
WATERS.
wetting
made.
the water's
water
the
There
^indeed,it could
"
lenses
could
background appearing
long
"
be
no
with
beneath
and
not
careful
mistake; the
a
it.
small
The
be
placed closer
observations
entire
dark
most
al-
surface
line of
terrestrial
the
eyepiece
86
THK
The
power.
in diameter;
the water.
be but
the basis of
On
one
to be
mile is considered
The
in order
the water
only
have
target would
feet,it would
two
These
made
The
results
in
height was
and
J^ feet
the
littlebelow
earth'
was
at
below
the
for
altitude of
an
line of
had
of the
sight.
concavity. A
the
stake
With
feet
With
observed
was
the
equal
the
an
Observing Station
top of stake.
breadth
more
were
they afEorded
as
target, with
to
be
shortened
target foreabove
to
visual
the
axis
one
of the
was
seen
feet.
feet above
of surface
10^
to
the tests
altitude,the cross-bar
half
one
Visible.
between
would
horizon
10^
than
conclusive,
were
to
by perspective
half the
the
satisfactoryobservations
most
placedmidway
same
it
as
telescopeat
a
seen;
of the
ocular demonstration
higher
because
StaflE,
by the Geodetic
crucial.
be
Concavity
by far
are
inches above
Cleaving4 miles
"
relations
background
point, amounting
be 8
Water's
telescope was
inches
to
be
to
the
"
the
objectglassis 3 inches
convexity,
the horizon
to decline from
surface and
water's
noticeably. The
stillmore
out
came
the
eyepieceof greater
in size,and
increased
target was
COSMOGONY.
exchanged
then
was
CEI.I,ULAR
water's
view
absolutelysatisfactory
the
telescope
ally
placedabsolutely level,the water appeared to slope gradufield. With
the
upward to the center of the telescopic
objectiveend of
the true
the
water
stillvisible
near
the
from
ob-
of
principi.es
jectiveend
water
of
depression
midway
between
which
midway
from
to the
upward
depression there
This
target.
concavitythrough
There
was
but
be
could
to be
seen
concavityof
view
also
mistake
not
convex;
being
to the
as
the
concave
it did not
target,
by the long
astronomical
the
bar
cross-
gradual slope
obtained
was
latter
the
no
by
was
the
and
the
This
with
the stake
point of observation
the
terrestrial eyepiece,and
the
point of
at the
midway depressionwas
actual
clearlyobservable.
was
"
87
survey.
instrument, the
the
midway
--di
mechanicai.
eyepiece,
marked.
more
the water
arc;
to be
appear
plane,
concave!
of Mechanical Survey.
Principles
Successive
Steps in the
Logic of Geometrical
Applied Mechanics
and
tions
Proposi-
in Direct
Demonstration.
FACTS
THE
of
in the
demonstrate
the
premiseof
the
preceding chapters
that
involved
fact that
seen
the
From
in
have
again
these
most
simple
for
to
the
Geodetic
the
concave
those
who
more
pass
to the
accurate
measurements
direct processes
ocular
Indeed, the
that
and
a
it
can
be
settlement
of
demonstrations.
consideration
in the demonstration
mind
of vision, the
Survey.
arc,
desire
the
the
strate
conclusivelydemon-
as
as
destroy
To
laws
similar circumstances, is
facts,we
direct processes
The
is concave,
seen
under
question
few
surface
Koreshan
the
we
the water's
the earth
quite sufficient to
are
system of astronomy.
capable of comprehending
on
experiments presented
non-convexity, and
earth's
the modem
observations
and
observations
of the
of the earth's
of the earth's
more
contour.
surface
88
THE
by mechanical
made
are
CEI.I.UI,AR
the
the mind
can
at once
measure
has
measure
length
agreed
solid
space
units, as
material
The
chain.
the
of
end
of
to
end
does
involve the
Ptolemy
and
evolution
to the
the
preservation
embodiment
of
the surveyor's
or
is
appliances,
all such
surface, or
principlefrom
of the
measurements
arcs
these
earth
of
Modern
Geodetic
Apparatus.
geodetic apparatus
from
the
days
from
the
obvious
improvements
adjustment.
placed end
longitude
determined.
by
made
The
to end
have
have
simply
first apparatus
upon
been
In modem
Picard, the
French
the
thus
surveyors
increased
consisted
of
measured,
and
precisionof
wooden
miles
times,similar apparatus
of the famous
of
were
Improvements
astronomer.
by Mason
Mason
and
of
cessive
Suc-
rods
by Osterwald, of Germany;
London,
by
tance
dis-
the
of meridian
differ in
or
factors.
same
Ancient
The
not
of
wood, iron
use;
measurement
all modem
processes;
of
lengths upon
unit
successivelythroughout
The
geodetic survey
simple
measuring by
of units
standard, its
means
constitute
their
be measured.
to
the
rule, yard-measure,
marking
placingthem
the
applicationor
must
process
simply that
of
After
two
any
number
etc.
linear
necessity
between
a
as
upon
preserved,and
to convenience
other
in
surface, embracing
been
be
must
reduced
exists
of
of the
conceive
"
historyof
the
as
simplest factor
appliances. Space
the earth's
of apparatus
employment
far back
as
with
of mechanical
of
extends
Starting
measurement,
points on
The
means.
astronomy.
COSMOGONY.
and
and
space
used
were
Dixon, of
Dixon
line in
THE
90
CEI^I^ULAR
Principles of Geometry.
Fundamental
We
to make
work,
the
in this and
purpose
the
simple and
absolute
so
to be both
as
and
logic
be upon
that
show
take
the
firmly established
or
denial.
at the foundation
the
mind, step by
/zerpov,
fragment of
the true
that
form
form
every
functions.
in
has
There
Every
its co-ordinate
is
no
we
and
A,
relations
has
followingpage.
to
the
of
Thq
and
yj/,
is
properties
its present
opposite form,
and
possiblewithout
mentation;
seg-
and
secant
chord,
as
which
arc, and
in the
is
radius, which
simplestangle to
be referred,is the
from
and
which
conclusions.
the intersection of
on
its
transmutation
bisection of radius
it subtends.
can
have
delineate
and
geometry
past, from
form
in the evolution
square,
Modern
the
to
purpose
inevitable
of the
every
conclusion, is
of geometry,
measure.
der
ren-
Our
We
of
line
of earth-measurement,
system
existed
is derived.
name
to
train
of doubt
possibility
all
step, the
science
is the
of all
the
premise.
resultant
as
exclude
to
as
begin
earth, and
of
well
be
the
must
in the
In
footingof fact.
sure
We
Geometry
for
from
exclusion
positive.
nothing
premise, as
our
so
for
and
conclusion
must
step
direct
be
must
we
comprehension
proceeds
utter
so
processes
and
must
sequences,
our
to the
this
concavity of
First,the premise
absolutelyproven,
assumptions;
of
easy
demonstration
direct
of
of the
direct demonstration
conclusive.
known
succeeding chapters of
earth's
and
COSMOGONY.
diagram
lar
perpendicu-
also the
arc
relations
can
tion
rela-
be
no
which
of form
merg-
principi.es
of
ence
circle into
one
relations of the
other, the
dicular
If two
chord
common
joinstheir
Our
mechanicai,
another
cross.
is bisected
which
of
which
the
intersect each
section,
joins the points of inter-
right angles by
at
91
figure B, without
circumferences
the
straight line
centers.
in Geometric
Evolution.
which
in
as
Segmentation
known
survey.
Bisection
and
of Common
Lineal
Axis.
Chord
"
also furnish
conclusive
test and
Right Angles-
CD, E;
demonstration
relations
right angles
guide, we
with
may
of
straight lines.
Angles.
To
another, independently of
relate the
points
of
per-
of
of Demonstration
Process
Right
pendicular
of the
line at
draw
square
intersection
of
arcs
as
of
to the line
THK
92
From
CEI*I*ULAR
the above
construct
and
perpendicular
straightlines
geometricalfacts
which
and
know
can
we
by
the
of
other.
We
If
parallelto
place
we
equal breadth
of the
to the sum
area
lines.
other
are
angles,the
drawn
were
deviation from
end
to end.
rectanglesof
two
of the
extremes
of
conjunction of
Continuous
to show
Transposition
from
that there
straight
two
could
thousand
be
rect-
angles
rect-
possible
no
straightrectilinear direction,and
mathematician
are
ParaUels.
obtain if ten
There
is
prising
rectanglescom-
the extension
as
Rectangles Forming
results would
same
other,
rectanglewhich
new
areas
Conjolned
any
sides
each
lutely
abso-
right angles,
at
parallel. The
as
Rectangle.
form
together,we
know
are
two
given straight
can
straightlines
processes.
may
because
parallels,
rectangleare
premise,we
rightangles with
each
that two
same
Parallels.
equal in
at
are
as
rightangles,four sides,two
horizontal
two
parallelwith
line,are
four
having
square
COSMOGONY.
we
defy
could be!
Qeometrical
to Mechanical
Principles.
When
transpose the
we
consideration
to
mechanics,
we
under
geometrical principles
have
to
deal
with
material
!Z5
D3
""
W
a
"
"
"d
o
o
E
p
of
principi.es
figureson
relations
the
from
do
Such
transpositionis
about
the material
the
of the
geometry
of
to
we
principlesto
conclusion.
our
demonstrate
to
bound
things. When
realm
violence
no
necessary
form
93
for
same,
of material
of form
principlesapplied,we
SURVKY.
are
principles
demonstrations
our
carry
the
paper;
of the
treats
of
angles instead
and
surfaces
MKCHANICAI,
truth
the
of its
tangiblecontour.
The
mechanics
well
as
of
as
right angles;he
these
relations
and
engineer,
in
squares
be
If
surveyor.
Metal
Plates
to
edge
of
three
It also
plates,the
the
results
other
Ten
thousand
recfiline.
fact
that
A
at
with
parallel,
the
result
be invariable
would
would
junction the
the horizontals
would
that
if
identical.
are
be
at
and
form
If two
that
for every
straight line
horizontals
builder,
and
parallel,
follows
sides to
we
in
the
Two
placed
straight
platesjoined
the
adjustment
the
same;
same
subsequent adjustment.
every
of
mechanic's
two
will force
laws
straightline,it follows
result would
the
by
siders
con-
Straight Line.
The
will be
Fonning
straightline; the
"rectangularmetal
edge
place
we
closelyfitted together.
will form
alike
obeyed
line,the perpendiculararms
Bectangular
may
be
must
mechanic
the square.
with
works
of form
Every
geometry.
basis of
the
be
form
forced
surfaces
continuous
because
joined
of the
would
be
necessarilybe
in
line.
Flagstones
'I^HB
94
principlesinvolved.
will
extend
If such
in the
We
the
direction
same
straight line
of
survey
These
small
made
railroad
tangents
taken
Four-mile
B.
R.
signalstaflEis
in
coincidental
has
the
with
fixed
axis
on
its
right-angledaxis,so
direction,another
axis, and
horizontal
instrument
coliimation
that
diagram, presenting a
at
rightangles
as
to
point in
from
the tube.
view
of the
first
with
is the
ground
line X;
new
line
and
be
site
oppo-
first,may
the
from
line of
the
ver-
telescope,CD,
is the
extended
tube
the
the
the
In the accompanying
staff;B, the
the
the
Horizontal,
on
extending through
be
may
perpendicularcross-hair.
miles
staff,two
left.
the
revolved
for
means
Transit
Revolving
Tangent
Surveyed
by
Axis"
Bight-angled
Perpendicular View.
the instrument
line of
right and
to the
to
extend
is
reference
often
perpendicularly. The
mile from
one
related
telescopemounted
revolve
to
by
principle
which
tangents,
surveyed by
are
would
There
straight line.
illustrate this
straightline,as
^in a
"
that
this conclusion.
from
further
may
miles in
be
laid in
squares
were
possibleescape
'
As
illustrations of the
miles, are
if the surfaces
no
COSMOGONY.
for
running
pavements
Upon
CELI^UI^AR
point
of
from
B,
its axis
will form
CD.
continu-
96
THE
braced
of the
The
tensioned
and
to
length of
the
the
five inches
are
crossing the
through
the extremities
maintain
the constancy
of
brass
the
Rectilineator
As
made.
each
section
and
was
in
tension
extending
adjusted
of the
to
constitute
cross-arms
the cuts
two
the
on
the
facings,
adjustments
in this
the
body
set
castingsedgewise, the
in the
tion,
connec-
strongly built,
adjustablecastings
shown
rods
Adjustment
Accurate
perpendicularly,as
irigs
in
years
width, while
are
cross-arms,
supported by
sections between
rest in the
Steel
wnde.
from
seen
platformedstandards,with
the horizontal
in
will be
are
Through flanges
adjusting surfaces.
were
is to 3.
ingenious screws
when
the
of the
of the
Car
transversely and
bar
horizontal
Cross-arms
for twelve
is 8 inches
cross-arms
section, as
seasoned
Palace
horizontal
the
material of which
4 feet in
cross-arms
is
cross-arms
COSMOGONY.
CEI.LUI.AR
of
to
the
screws.
cross-arms
picture.
receive
castings
The
tions
sec-
extend-
of
principi.es
involved
principle
The
lineator,is as simple
platesin contact,
the
Indeed, from
at
or
in
the
of
laying two
foregoing the
to its standards
imagine
is ready to
reader
to No.
This
I.
by
squares
mind
with
is
further
and
clamps
tion.
descripand
the
screws,
of Section
adjustment
the
eye
accurately leveled
in proper
together.
mechanical
without
the
the
rectangular
mechanic's
Geodesy.
placing two
the method
understand
once
97
New
that
as
survey.
of the
Operandi
Modus
can
mkchanicai,
No.
standards
preceding standards,
and
raise
approximatecoincidence
with
screws
to
turned
are
The
section.
of
brass
directed to raise
on
with the
microscope,and
by
are
the device
fiftieth of
one
the middle
to within
the section
bring
to
screws
inch
are
hair-lines
the
read
are
carefullymoved
set
until the
apart,
zontally
hori-
brass
determined
as
first
fourth
one
fine lines
coincidental;
the section is
axis
line of the
the
sections exadlly
the two
the horizontal
Operators of
lower
or
lower
or
facingsare brought
of contact.
inch
an
as
so
ings
fac-
by
bristol card.
The
is determined
preciseadjustment
of paper
on
the
is measured
ciple
prin-
same
by
the
finest
card,
.01
thickness
of paper
adjustable,while
inch in
of sheets of paper,
pass
between
difference of
the
the
of
thickness
is constant.
thicknCvSs,
equal friction,proves
The
the
In
fingersof
sheets
millionth
of
an
to
inch
of
can
celluloid
measuring
when
the
be
the
faces
sur-
two
micrometer
the
sheets
with
equal thickness.
be
determined
98
THS
So, in
in this way.
the
of
case
surfaces
it proves
equal friction,
i, and
Section
Secttoa
disturbance, while
2, 3, and
Sections
so
adjustment with
is in line with
sections
two
other
The
same
3 to Section
The
forward
first section
\s
the
that every
so
section is
in
keeping with
as
be
to
our
by
conclusive.
absolutely
If
can
we
invariable
can
know
and
also know
mechanical
The
have
that
So
the
rectilineation
in their
all
consequently the
of the
is
far
so
hair-line of
simple,and
we
the argument,
have
taken
mechanic
constant
that
and
Every
necessitates
first,
beginningof
asserted
mathematician
every
that
conclusion
the
line.
is parallelwith
extension
an
premise at
and
the
like the
cross-arm
This
precedingsection.
each
as
the survey.
of
terminus
hair-line of each
will not
first section
from the
forcedby right-angulation,
to
the conclusion
repeated
which
one
to
pointof beginning of
straightline
free from
are
the
Only
one
at
crosses
and
being made
are
is
line
hair-
ready for
processes
2.
earth,but
of the
curv^e
those
the
now
firm
are
are
adjustments
on.
adjusting Section
in
in
are
bolting;when
with
cross-arms
ing
consequently the hair-line extend-
The
i.
the
adjustment is precise)that
length of Section
the whole
on
that
between
passes
of the
that the
card
same
bottom
top and
at
the
Rectilineator,when
brass
COSMOGONT.
CKI^LUI^AR
to
be
is
true.
equal,and they
are
geometrical functions,we
of right-angulation
and
principles
are
one
and
the
same.
OF
PRINCIPI.BS
previous
arguments
summed
follows
as
up
It is constructed
Proceeds
from
be
conclusion, may
final
our
geometrical
upon
mechanical
and
principles.
invariable
with
basis of measurement
known
to
99
certaintyto be considered
factors of
and
SURVEY.
MECHANICAI,
results.
and expansion.
Compensates for contraction
Eliminates
atmospheric refraction and visual perspective.
Furnishes
and
measurements,
Methods
the
basis
constant
for
for
reference
ascertainingratio of curvature
operationand
of
of
results
obtained
be
can
earth.
understood
by
simplestmind.
the results.
requirea "scientist" to interpret
It has
two
cross-arm
|"ointsof adjustment for each
finely
trimmed
brass facings.
from
tampering hands by bolts;
Adjustmentsare made secure
each adjustment is witnessed
by every operator.
Other
Standards
are
platformed"to obviate settling.
apparatus
in
mounted
are
on
tripods,terminating
sharp points extending into
the ground.
A complete system of reversals of the sections corrects anypossiin the cross-arms.
ble inaccuracies or deviation
of right-angles
This
of
makes
the
impossible
charge
system
predetermined plan to
any
It does
not
"
the
construct
instrument
sections
The
rightangles,and
to run
lines
curved
all the
read with
were
to hair-hne
of
From
the
microscope.
on
above, it will be
one,
"
two
as
that the
seen
ever
the
end
intended
right or left,but
to
an
at
and
starting
the
bility
possi-
principlesupon
of
rod.
Its
stake
geodetic apparatus
that it has
of
tests
the Rectilineator
all other
crucial
known
the
point,thus
given
line.
brass plate on
firmly set
of
instrument
the
perfection
proving
accurate
absolutely
adjustments.
returned
of
as
subjected to
were
the
In trial surveys of
which
so
survey
perpendicular,in
object is
the
accordance
related
as
vertical
with
to
force a
its length.
to measure
straightline
instead
cross-arm
to
point of
the
plans
specifications
presented in the previous chapter.
the
any
and
FoUow-
THE
lOO
of
ready
are
achieved
fundamental
the
in
principles
of the
through itsuse.
firstand
the
On
stood at the
evening of March
whether
vey,
sur-
the
the
flat,convex,
is
earth
history of
concave!
Factors
Involved
HAYING
the
to be
8"^
arc
and
arc
belong
which
have
must
to
the
introduced
of
reader
accuracy
consider
our
of the
the methods
of the Gulf
of
the
direct processes
demonstration
of
and maintained
chord
In
work
of
in
level,which
premise.
processes
great
arc
necessary
preparationupon
of
factors
these
strength and
the
depended, our
employed
in the
that
order
principles
the
from
to the
appreciated,it is
survey
actual
the
circumference.
evidences
the
the
already considered,
to
relations
now
miles
be
sustains
now
that
relation
length. The
relatinga tangiblyconstructed
25,000
actual
processes,
in
have
redlilineation and
it
applied geodetically,
the
show
miles
we
of which
we
to
surveyed by such
meridian
chord
are
Arc
Meridian
Survey.
of
principles
how
us
of
Coast
the
upon
rectiline
Florida
they
Expedition.
Measurement
demonstrated
shown
devolves
the
in
in
and
in the
made
ever
may
17, 1897,
line of
beginning of the
of
Apparatus,
Geodetic
at
We
premise to
to
the Rectilineator
or
COSMOGONY.
from
argument
the embodiment
we
CEI,I,UI,AR
acter
char-
that
which
the
the
preliminarysurveys,
ments
measureobtainingaccurate
is subjectto daily tides.
GEODKTIC
KORBSHAN
TH^
winter
beautiful
Naples,a
EXPEDITION.
resort
lOI
Florida
the
on
coast,
selected
north,) was
The
reasons:
number
tively
compara-
miles;the climate
of
admitted
The
was
Colony
Staff of
the
reshan
Ko-
1897,
2,
observations
observations
on
been
have
required five
work
accurate
the
water's
of the
the
is absolutelynecessary
could determine
world, demanded
incentive to the
to be sure
of the telescope,
means
Proved.
employed,*is demanded;
so.
The
only
duty that
System,
to
this
to
apparatus
owed
ourselves,and
found
admit
to the
to
the
powerful
Caution
apparatus would
an
we
of
It is easy
accurate
and herein we
precision^
greatest possible
accuracy.
that such
of
logicalsequences, demonstration
of the Koreshan
Founder
Details
to definite conclusions.
it to be
careful
preceding chapters.
seen
months'
execute.
Rectilineator
of the apparatus
the accuracy
to
surface,by
presentedin
Accuracy
us
site
the
which
plans of operations,
be
Geodetic
4' 30"
coast
straightfor
OperatingStation
the
as
26**
west
forced
of
cal
practi-
submit
the
be devised
and if it was
must
apparatus
to
in mechanical
the
science.
inaccurate,it must
be drilled and
most
skilled
It
was
be made
new
apparatus,
accurate;
our
ators
oper-
by actual experiencewith
COSMOGONY.
CEI*I,ULAR
THB
I02
the
for
makes
'^practice
to
The
of the
sections
weeks
four
experts devoted
reversed, end
on
engraved
steel and
on
were
referred,were
way,
the very
of
brass
by
read
reversals
in which
the
trial surveys,
use
Station
member
witness
turning over
in this way
whether
be
ment
measure-
adjustments
microscope;in
placed, fell
cross-arms
Rev.
this
Final
and
of
tests
the
was
survey,
Castle,of
Visiting and
any
great
or
section
right-
bar.
Tests.
apparatus
of
the
the
at
the Geodetic
at its every
inaccuracy in
the
small, would
in the
and
tions
sec-
ing
Operat-
Staff,and
InvestigatingCommittee,
importantoperations. This
each
absolute
reversals
invented
the
upon
mechanical
at
the horizontal
on
E. M.
was
were
ingenious system of
in actual
of the
of
the
mechanical
an
by
could
of Reversals
System
for
of the
tion
sec-
possiblelines
which
microscope, it
the hair-line
During
each
fiftytimes
over
finest
the
of the
adjustment
they
the
that
demonstration
angles with
mechanical
point under
same
axis of the
or
devices for
plates,to
means
When
and
be at
to
applied,and
were
mechanical
Points
reference.
and
and
test
first.
to the
and
for
specialplatformwith
the
inventor
to
of tests
The
apparatus.
reversing
be proven
longitudinalhair-line
the
in
final results
referringthe
on
cross-arms
devoted
were
results is obtained
of mathematical
operations,and
the
weeks
the
practicemanipulation of
Proof
Several
perfect."
and
consisted
system
alternate
in
adjustment;
right-angledcross-arms,
course
of
few
adjust-
THE
I04
CELLULAR
with
coincidental
fine line
apparatus.
forward
19
adjustments
last
found
the hair-line
with
plate. The
the
exactly the
results
traversingthe
of
.0001
inch.
an
plans of
critics
space
of
This
test
who
Copernican System,
to prove
the instrument
and
the
demonstration
was
accurate
and
or
several
Haldeman^s
marked
determined
earth's
the
the
true
of the meridian
of success,
From
intervals
of space.
was
had
to
of
the
power
applied,
was
the
apparatus
line,
air
accurate
be moved
beginning of
or
from
the
inch
15-foot,2x6
dicular
perpen-
They
horizon.
southern
in the
conducted
line
the geodetic
Col.
Survey.
and
Standing
We
been
their
and
the fixed
s instruments,
siurveyor'
tilineator
the
dignifiedstakes
line.
were
the
with
North
againstthe
contour
the
Geodetic
two
saw
points along
Naples dock,
test
that
an
tourists
numerous
the residents
surface.
of
deviation
all in
The
fact
previous to
outlined
historic
point,
same
accordance
doing
the
for the
long dock,
stakes
the
to
denial !
weeks
Europe, and
on
observations, representing
were
places
the
operations,
from
with
in
inaccurate.
Preparations
For
by observations
capable of surveying
all doubt
beyond
brass
456 feet,without
field of
the
on
the
line
fine
returned
was
tion
sec-
originally,
place as
same
determined
were
the
adjustment, the
the
preciselyover
and
made,
were
return
after
the
in
to be
of the
hair-line
horizontal
the
COSMOGONY.
the
on
marked
long
that
a
of
the
approach
the
of
direction
indicated
coast
shorter
survey;
section
that
the
with
Rec-
justments,
by section in precisead-
marked
THK
by Stakes,
to be
was
for
straight,and
similar
of
clear the
when
the
above
the water
were
was
of
that
the
taken
was
care
faithful
refer to these
all other
understood
we
in
what
the
the
of
execution
idea of the
an
of
we
were
plans; that
our
determine
show
to
us;
volved
facts in-
the
and mechanically;
practically,
to manifest
to the reader
we
and
difi"culties,
demonstration
only
and
success
that the
Prof.
marvel
have
System
such
of
curve
water's
its
survey,
to
surface
Tide
his-
ment
accomplish-
Measures.
must
a
surface
of the water's
be
of
statics,
hydro-
conforms
to
curve
which
all
referred;that is,after
tangibleair line
is considered
to
surface; consequently,its
that
to
estly,
hon-
attempt in the
first
as
that in consideration
to show
Uniform
of the earth's
geodeticmeasurements
the
the
"
made
shown
general contour
natural
made, and
was
was
well
it
as
facts of measurements
survey
make
to
Morrow's
We
removed,
were
is
they
principlesand
of
not
prove
how
that
obsta-
"
j^lesand
and
involved
that
accuracy;
requiredto
was
other
incidental
factors
before
had
we
attain
persistentin
and
muck
uninterrupted operations
with
to
from
all obstructions
We
undertaking
little irregular,
and
magnitude
air line
level varied
remove
and
the
necessary,
character, to
connection
line
I05
As
coast.
the shore
as
adjustments began.
in
preparations,
in
the
for convenient
way
EXPEDITION.
down
Excavations
feet.
work
miles
4^^
land elevation
the
to
GKODKTIC
KOR^SHAN
as
or
the
rectiline,
the
curve
our
ing
relatarc
of
measured.
I06
THB
which
from
measurements
The
of curvature.
and
only
system
of
and
of
fierpovy to
the
surveyed line
by
of
means
The
all
pointwith
tide
of tide levels
the level of
water
from
tide.
at normal
and only
still,
and
fell with
was
measurements
will show.
We
obtained, it
desired to
level;consequently,by
tide level.
the fixed
level
were
means
the
wave
When
upon
pointto
the
a
the
which
referred, as
definite instead of
of
the
perfedlly
was
marked
was
so
its top
prevented
Gulf,
tide,and
caisson
the Gulf
of water
Cross-sectional
in the
and
to
did
we
perforationsadmitted
in the
way
point mid-
caisson,with
set
pressure,
water
tide level
Florida
necessary
Beach"
to Naples
South.
The
the
mean
was
fludluations; thus
rose
It
high
beneath
mile
which
possibleprecision,
Looking
below
was
above
the
tide level is
mean
Altitude
View,
altitude
the
on
register,
consisting of
and
perforations,
of the
eighth division of
ascertain this
the
survey.
^j4 feet.
between
on
measurements
every
difference
average
is about
coast
at
land, necessitated
hypsometry
of
definite ratio
impossible to operate
the
on
employment
to deduce
are
we
fadl that it is
surface
the water's
COSMOGQNY.
CKI.I.XJLAR
we
vertical
fluctuating
tide staff
extending
THE
GEODETIC
KORESHAN
EXPEDITION.
of
the
elevation where
The
had
the
became
inches
128
altitude
known
and
for the
as
tide
staff
portableregisterat
XY
isthe
tide level,which
as
shown
tide level,which
on
what
Now
we
any
could
staff B
mean
basis
illustrate
may
to the
measurements
stationary register,
on
any
other
given point.
as
altitude
of
is also indicated
The
we
desire to make
same
fixed
128
tide staff A
point
inches
the
on
the
tide level.
Gulf
We
clear to the
beach
is divided
reader,is how
with
as
inches.
obtain the
other
We
is marked
is the
preceding page.
taken
East.
tide staff on
mean
the
on
Stationary Cais8on.-"Land
to
and
above
point
by diagramming
original,
inches;
mean
fixed
tical
ver-
the
Elevation, Looking
on
the
to cause
quantity,it was
measure
pointsalong
this process of
Process
fixed
to
Cross-sectional
commencement
tide level in
mean
of reference
all station
adjusted
was
in the
angle
then
geodeticlevel
transferred
was
began, by application
survey
of right angles, as
principles
View.
we
the
107
measurement
level constantly
will take
the
accuracy,
of altitude
varying from
measurement
at
on
the
tide
I08
THE
CEIXULAR
the
inches above
At
line
staff.
the
The
staff A,
that
received
the
Datum
Arc
measurements
Tide
level between
of staff B
was
the
two
reference.
high
Measurements
When
Line.
at
or
results
the
any
were
and
the constant
was
vertical altitude
of
same
as
is the
from
the water
the
ning
begin-
completed,the
tide
the water's
water's
illustrated
measure.
diagram.
same
of the firsttide
to the
the
at
the
Datum
tide,
low
made
was
Secondary
of
tude,
alti-
proper
whether
matter
on
Code
our
at the
elevation,the
for 25
formed
indicated
as
of
extremes,
made
inch uniform
tude
vertical alti-
same
the water,
or
116
above
at
cal
verti-
the
Register B,
A,
Staffs,and
ih^Jixedpoint at
of
to
means
no
way,
Level, Tide
were
by
at
this
taken
were
unvarying basis
was
In
of Mean
accurate, because
from
adjustment of staff B
instant.
same
water
fastened
the
on
measure
marked
level in caisson
water
was
be
stationary caisson.
116-inch
inches
12.
was
the
at
or
The
water
say
level
water
the line
A.
A,
as
same
above
Signals,so
the
the
if staff B, with
point the
as
the
PQ
of measurement,
mean
Now
inches
time
the
beginning, suppose
A, extending above
The
COSMOGONY.
128-
necessarily
staffs,
surface, as in the
continuous
surface
THE
at
KORBSHAN
tide
mean
128-inch
datum
vertical
altitude of
The
by
PQ established
line
the
therefore,to
lines
the
tide
the
was
the
line
it
the
mean
made
from
the
upper
the land
on
sometimes
was
convenient
more
the
datum
our
by
as
level in
highest
the
measured
Survey
and
53
Records.
extended
was
right angles,regardless of
of
By reference
the
that
that it
rectiline
to
would
extended
No.
cut
vary
other
regardless
not
was
through
any
it is obvious
levelingprocess.
seen
the
feet above
4J^
the apparatus
on
which
on
the survey,
Appurtenances,
of determination
I, it will be
about
average
beginning of
the Geodetic
of
means
the beach
on
were
ground.
of the consequences,
water
the
on
Plumbs,
Inasmuch
any
With
accuracy;
points.
elevation
ground
the
Levels,
method
and
scientific,
are
the vertical
space
equal
was
in these
involved
were
found
vertical
tide staff
parallelwith
datum
we
from
inches above
by
with
waters;
extended,
was
land
line
the
were
mean
fixed
lower
measure
complete. The
line
mile
our
was
line, measurements
line beneath
datum
of
the
represents
measurements.
constantlyabove
was
elevation, while
beneath
2i
line of reference
the upper
datum
as
datum
or
eighth
of accurate
109
tide staflEs. XY
means
admitted
tide level
the
PQ,
hypsometric principles
measurements
the process
line
successive
at every
referred.
BXPKDITION.
level;the curved
line,to which
water
line
GEODETIC
4,
Plate
from
the line.
If the earth
the end
of
the end
of 4 miles would
be
were
higher
than
convex,
at
the
the
line
the
to
at
beginning.
THK
no
and
the
and
the
reference to the
how
the
ence
By refer-
the coast.
of the
Line,'' the
Air
second, if it were
the
from
of the sections
'Comprehensive View
levels
used
We
first section;second,
given pointsalong
at
will understand
convex;
the
beginning; if
the
beginning.
horizontal
to
the
First, to level
purposes:
to ascertain
COSMOGONY.
divergent from
convergent from
for two
reader
be
angles would
concave,
water
CEI*I*ULAR
flat;and
earth
were
third, on
concavity.
The
exercise and
be
must
levels obtainable.
In connection
Mercurial
Geodetic
for
especially
this survey.
of being
susceptible
Applied
used
plumb
also
number
the appapatus,
of
so
the
The
leveling was
by
the
From
thence
which
principles
the
the
from
to
The
line of the
or
under
edge of the
in apparent
line
water
member
every
8
50
the Une
we
have
on
was
of
the
horizon
straight-edge
water
pointthree
place the
of
long straight-edge
clear-cut
was
levels
cross-arms
corroboration.
to
12-
precision.
contiguity.
successful
pronounced perfectat
1897.
the
to
spirit
writer,
mercurial
as
straight-edge and
work, witnessed
applied
pose
pur-
length,it
and
accuracy
the
our
the
by
spiritand
relation
in
observed
of Mexico, viewed
Gulf
of
by
also
was
with
parallel
perfectly
was
great
additional
formed
with
had
we
feet in
12
this
sensitive
most
l^evel, invented
Being
for
accuracy;
For
with this
agreed. The
was
finest and
point
skill and
accuratelyleveled
of the
applied one
we
the
was
tl^efirstsection
foot
first section
levelingof the
the
staff,and
morning
projectedon
demonstrated.
of
finally
March
the
basis
18,
of
THE
112
apparatus
Staff,we
its
or
CELLULAR
adjustments.
brieflymention
class of work
COSMOGONV.
the
to which
each
In
positioneach occupied,and
the
assigned:
was
A.
Division
rROP.
Operating
U.
of the
checked
*L. M.
Boomer,
E.
Rev.
Unity; inventor
Rectilineator,and
T.
Georgia
Books.
Manager.
of
of
Record
'
General
Castile,
M.
in the
same
the
the
witness
of Reversals
of
of
the
Screw
Set
detached
each
rear
section, and transferred same
in accordance
made
reversals
with the
adjustment;
Castle
the
signaled
System;
Koreshan
sections
of
the
important operations.
Operator; manipulated
Ordway,
of
University System
System
tide
for
Formula
from
measures
No.
i;
forward
of
Stationary
Caisson.
J.Jackson
Assistant
Wii^wamson,
2; assisted in detachment
reversals;Watchman.
*H.
B. Boomer,
Set Screw
and
in the
section,
Operator; manipulated
of
No.
each
rear
Secretary.
Division
B.
W. Hunt,
George
Engineer; in charge of Division B, operating in
of Division
advance
A; directed emplacement of the 8-foot platthe
received
formed standards, and adjustment of castings which
sections
of the Rectilineator; in
Tide Staflfs.
charge
of all
excavations,
and
settingof
P. W. CampbeI/I., Mechanic
Watchman.
Ai"i.EN
H.
and
Second
Andrews,
Corps
of
First
Assistant
Assistant
Staff
Engineer;
Engineer;
Assistant
Fabre.
Leroy L'Amoreaux.
Charles
Mealy.
Laurence
and
man.
Watch-
Assistants.
Gustave
Visiting
Assistant
Investigating
Bubbett.
Committee.
of the Koreshan
Pre-Eminent
Gratia,
Unity.
Koreshan
the
of
Castle,
University,Estero, Fla.
of I^anin Chair
A. M., Ph. D., 31 years
Prof. O. F. L'Amoreaux,
111.
Wheaton
College, Wheaton,
^/^
guages,
Victoria
Rev.
E. M.
RESULTS
C.
AND
SterlingBaldwin,
Ada
Mrs.
T. R
W.
Wei
INEVITABLE
M.
S. L. Green,
II
D.
ton.
Ehney, Postmaster
Puerifoy, Naples,
D.
CONCLUSIONS.
M.
Fla.
Fla.
D., Marco,
Other
Naples,
at
Fla.
Witnesses
Visitors.
and
Hugh
Mrs.
Miss
Haldeman, Louisville,Ky.
Lucy Lemon, Louisville,Ky.
Miss Elsie Frederickson, Louisville,Ky.
111.
J. T. Smith, Springfield,
Mr. Strauss, of Louisville Courie /-Journal.
Gilbert, Estero, Fla.
Capt. Robert
Ann
Miss
Gilbert.
Richard
R.
B.
Punta
Fla.
Rassa,
Elizabeth
Mrs,
Gilbert, Punta
Rassa, Fla.
Stotler,Estero, Fla.
Rose
Welton, Estero, Fla.
Leutich, Estero, Fla.
Esther
Mrs.
Miss
Carl
Wintersgill,Estero, Fla.
Plant City,Fla.
Lester
Calhoun,
G.
R.
Thos.
D.
N.
N.
Walker,
Marco,
Miss
K.
Neal
Harris, Marco,
"Called
to
before
Fla.
Large, Naples,
M.
Fla.
Fla.
the
announcinK
by telegram
began; assisted
Chicago
Survey
in
death
of
Mr.
L. S. Boomer
preparations.
and InevitableConclusions.
I^esults
and
of fleasurements
Details
Into
**
Ia/HEN
Hew
we
to the
line,let
of the Geodetic
doubt
the
at
the
suspended
direction
the
chips fall
initial
the
where
plumb-line at
Apparatus,
of
of
the
Air
Line
Water.
the
the
Extension
we
earth's
station.
in the
they may."
the firstadjustment
established
radius, or
Poised
upon
graduated
beyond
the
the
vial of
all
dicular
perpen-
pivot of
the
spirit
''^HE
114
level measured
lycvel stood
at
in the
equal altitudes
invariably tell
level
the
bribe
the
With
perpendicularand
in
our
which
factors
it was
extend
terminate
concave.
into
If the
space,
compelled
earth
in the
more
application,
were
the
spiritlevel
the
direction
of the
If concave,
levels and
plumb would
the
conditions
be the
the
would
hang
reverse
of
to be
line
or
in
vex
con-
line would
shift at each
the south from
plumb-linehanging
the
toward
and
The
as
the
principles
in space
perpendicularor
stations,would
station.
end.
toward
more
vfosjixed,
the maintenance
be found
explained;
and
of
bolts which
very
convex,
the
somewhere, either
before
as
line
The
beginning to
the
projected,we
adjusted right-angled
the water,
or
the
change.
no
of the apparatus
projectedmust
of
admit
argument
our
our
possibleto depart ;
held
at
indisputablebasis
an
which
of construction
in
from
cross-arms
bubble-
definitelyfixed
and
constitute
not
man
leveled,the direction of
Once
reference.
The
theory.
horizontal
survey
silent witnesses
^
and
plumb
energies which
throughout
accepted as conclusive.
starting point
right angles
The
are
unseen
suit
be
must
Geodetic
corroborating or
whether
Mercurial
of the earth.
to
stations
division of
level is at
truth; they
change
nor
central
perpendiculartubes, in
the
the
in the 12-foot
mercury
radius
perpendicular
the
from
demonstration
with
COSMOGONY.
equal distances
The
the scale.
CKI.I.XJI.AR
earth's
the initial
positionsof
those
on
convex
the
RESULTS
; if
surface
the relations
at
of the
the
beginning of
when
in
the line
would
the line
of the movement
found
of Levels,
independent
of the
positionof sections
the line.
For
of
in
twelfth
thus
manifest.
The
too
was
it was
bubble
It will be
in
measurements
the
with
harmony
appliedin
was
our
test
out
adjustment through-
not
slightto be detected
until
near
offer them
first several
by
altitude of
at every
; we
obtained.
are
by these
afforded
tide level
evidences
line and
Horizon.
measurements
mean
in
or
the
the evidences
the
the water
means
line would
souths
the
and
level
spirit
the
On
apparatus.
The
direct demonstration.
of
of
facts which
and
measurements
the
if concave,
line ; and
measurements
these
At
increasingangle,
chapter,that
of the
apparatus
horizon
Plumbs,
of any
surveyed above
upon
conjunction
horizon.
the
be toward
of the
horizon, because
corroborative
this
"would
are
regards the
as
In
with
the
throughout
We
and
of the horizontal
their original
relations
flat,
parallel
Testimony
means
as
if
The
plumb,
i,
explained.
the
the north
convergence
the direction
before
as
toward
apparent
the apparent
4, Plate
Cut
to
theories.
parallelwith
were
proceeded ;
be
at
clearly seen,
straight-edgesand
to converge
appear
as
the
arc,
continually, as
the
adjustment
convex
extension
II5
made,
were
an
concave
horizon
reference
be
the
same
By
to
may
the flat,and
convex,
Gulf
plumb
initial station
the
with
the line.
of
CONCI.USIONS.
be the
flat,they would
beginning
the
INEVITABLK
AND
had
shifted
the end
of
difference
little
"
toward
Il6
THB
the
north, or
COSMOGONY.
CELLULAR
From
rear
deviation
the first
line^the
of the
also
corroborated
was
by the
increase of
position
the
of
angle between
the
have
We
question would
; the
terms
angle measurements
horizon,
there
The
were
.075
of
angle read
while
feet.
shift
Level,
measured
the
on
mile, and
of the apparatus
adjustment
mi.,
Pi,UMB-LiNE,
.0375
bubble
of
graduated
in.;
on
Geodetic
The
horizontal
could
be measured
apparatus
I
at end
in the
toward
scale
for
15
feet,
12
straight-edges36
angle
end
for
36
of the
2^ miles, at
last
north
end
of
the
vial, as
arc
of 4
feet
radius, as
related
to
in.
indicatingangle of divergence of
points of test, for the space of 12 feet :
with
the
for space
eye
at
of
36 feet,as
distance
in.;
air
.115 in.
of
accurately as
15 feet from
mi.,
; the
cross-arms
at the
of
the
southerly direction.
indicatingangle
Horizon,
and
Level,
at
.042 in. ;
mL,
suspended
was
the
observed
spirit
Mercuriai.
line and
of the
angle
to
If
measurement
right-angledcross-arms
the
determined
the results
second
the
related
was
and
ations
the vari-
were
plumb
of
bottom
therefore
give below
We
the
determined
horizon
length, and
Spirit
level
the observed
feet in
the
plate at
on
small
or
graduated scale
apart
actual
applied?
were
mercurial
12-foot
inch
an
tests
great
the
on
the
were
by the levels,plumb,
all these
divisions
top of the
from
arise. What
variations, how
angles in general
to these
ascertained
as
points where
at
were
level
far referred
thus
the
.51 in.
the
RESUI.TS
These
INEVITABLE
AND
taken
readings,
calculations,will be found
relations of chord
and
circumference, and
the
about
the
to
four
the
an
evidences
are
to the
end
; the
independent
direct demonstration,
and
our
of
of
arc
of the
the
to
miles
25,000
angles increased in
as
have
we
evidence
shown
; and
now
we
of facts of absolute
net-work
to render
as
arc,
of
sources
Visual
and
positioninvulnerable,
our
Projection
Gordon's
From
the
marks
of
have
we
route
of
patientlyfor eight
weeks
success,
the
precise adjustments,
tedious, and
were
and
trying work
obtained.
the
the
of
The
lettering; C
extending into
Line
to
4}i
was
white
to
line is
path
our
this course,
facts
the
Air
the
to
and
making
coast
ing
publish-
are
Wne,
the
128
is the
inches;
into the
be
can
coast
point
B
of
is the
of the
waters
easilytraced
out
with-
Gulf, through
projected;
miles.
line
we
altitude of
is Gordon's
the
ment
emplace-
.Carefully
the
rectiline extended
of Mexico.
line in
executing painstaking,careful,
covering
the
for
world,"
followed
we
surface
point where
in the
diagram
line at
Over
white
This
horizon.
demonstration.
the water's
the
Line
Rectilineator, extending
made
line, and
beginning of
Air
looking south,
by which
We
space
the
Pass.
of
standards
of the
Gordon's
Naples dock
sand
the Florida
Air
mathematical
premise impregnable.
Details
Gulf
of
nearly conform
very
radii, over
presenting such
purpose
the
basis
was
by
as
I17
proper
beginning
CONCLUSIONS.
the
an
excavation
excavation
in which
admitted
of
Il8
THB
vision
CELLUI^R
horizon
of the water
the final
COSMOGONY.
from
of the
adjustments
the
apparatus
of
minute
the
reference
below
the
at the
end
2j^ miles
level.
water
of Coast
had
We
Line
of
for
Air
surface
the water's
earth
were
above
the vertical
For
Line
the
into
the
direction,we
the
of
water,
had
to
of the
the
the
line
ground
with
Line
of
the
far
as
and
our
the
Air
or
employ
as
Point
veniences
con-
startingpoint of 128-inch
54 inches
point was
nearer
beginning; whereas,
would
the
of Air
limits
the
feet
sections,and
have
been
54
if the
inches
original128 inches,making
p
feet^ in
the
position of
Line
Into
the
Water.
reasons
tangibly
was
apparatus
Course
Gulf.
reallyobtained.
that
Extension
the
Showing
inches, or
108
ning
begin-
rapidly converging
at this
point of
apparatus from
The
7 inches
was
at
the
convex,
difference of
the
within
Pass.
than
the
extended
line of the
Projection Into
I^ine
line
middle
operation from
The
altitude.
; the
cross-arms
possible,within
practicableand
with
adjustments, covering
manipulated
Gordon's
and
or
were
the
Map
axis
horizontal
made
apparatus from
of the
The
distance.
of
divergencet were
the
end
made.
were
of 13,200
of
positionof
the
to
angles
J^ mile station,where
continuance
another
of the
method
of the Air
line in any
of survey.
As
TH"
I20
bar
through which
CBLLULAR
excavation
Air
portion of the
of
the purposes
it
curvature,
sail-boat
the
marked.
By
cross-hair,it was
of
Land
of
reached
by
Showinpr
giving
replied,
These
and
along
south
Operating Staff,who
the
appeared
point was
at the
point
the
Visual
Projection
the
miles from
whose
well
as
At
the
view
telescopic
of
of the Pass,
conducted
days later.
of the
that
was
of
Air
occupants
the stationary
indicated
as
in by
participated
were
sketches
that the
by
by
the beach.
observations
three
done
was
line with
boat, and
4)^
as
Investigating Committee,
at the
Process
Gulf.
the
distance
i"^ miles
caisson, or
the tide staffs
the
the
Into
sailors in
the
in
of
the Gulf
point on
This
obvious
information
the
Line
ratio
of
our
Elevation,
the dotted
the lower
telescopetransmitted
Profile View
locate the
to
No.
continuous
calculation
When
means
The
20.
just above
and
necessary
telescopeaxis.
E, Tide Staff
Line
measurement
was
directing our
Staff No.
by section adjustments
made
was
telescope; F, Tide
19, with
where
COSMOGONY.
on
the Gulf
as
the
as
testimony
the
Visiting
we
append
testimony
of
the
tion
repetitionof the observatime
were
where
of
the
made
observations,
by the writer,
the Air
converging chord
reader, we
the
herewith
Line
of
was
arc
jected
pro; and
produce sketch,
RKSUWS
the
line with
20, with
No.
The
the cross-hair.
same,
Showing
Extension
SKETCH
Air
Pass; also
Horizon
Qordon's
completed
the
Founder
years
coast.
OP
of the
the
THE
previous
to
Koreshan
the
121
Staff No.
stripattached
in
visual line
connecting
the
projectinginto
TELESCOPIC
the
19,
steel
the
results
South
of
being proclaimed by
Cosmogony,
demonstration
water,
VIEW.
experiment,
of the
CONCLUSIONS.
telescope at Tide
in
cross-hair
the
showing
INSVITABLS
AND
on
for twenty-seven
the
Florida
west
THE
122
For
retraced
purpose
the
surveyed
the first
as
line
half
one
COSMOGONY.
of further
the
distance of
the
CEI.I.XJI.AR
by
of the
means
the
on
of
accuracy
be
be made
reference, such
forward
the table
of
nearly the
of
remarkable
of
Facts
earth's
in the
surface
of
Measurement
Tide
25
As
Rectilineator
the
section, in the
of
hair-line
the
secondary datum
At
rise above
the
.15 of
an
an
of
with
the
downward
the
original
inch
tide
the
to
hair-line
the
per
ing
followand
the
world.
Air
Line
on
forward,
section
by
the
staffs,
relation
of
128-inch
the
line of survey
128-inch
the
the
the firstdirect
the
easilyobtained
line,was
feet,where
inch
moved
was
sections
placethroughout
no
.125
the
of
of
Staffs.
of
direction
history of
on
accuracy
to make
Altitude
bases
points, as
under
the
quently
conse-
tide staffs
same
measurements
would
staffs the
the
to
the
from
points as
the
the
of
deviation
fixed
upon
return
figuresin
demonstration
by having
Upon
If the
point on
same
return, and
recorded
were
as
the
ment
adjust-
survey.
to the
error
applied on
survey.
the
the
An
manifCvSt
return
further
work.
our
rectiline would
of
be
staffs,it would
apparatus, for
adjustment
we
by
measurement.
did
sections
the
At
altitude.
calculated
altitude,or
the
ratio would
end
of
indicate
the
of
only .025
conditions
instead
of
an
that
128-inch
inch.
would
upward.
altitude, being
This
result
If it
were
is in easy
if the
earth
convex,
ence
differ-
contrast
curved
the hair-
RESUI.TS
TABIiB
the
have
altitude.
OF
AliTITUDB
STATION
OOMPABBD
brilliant
would
28-inch
SHOWING
BVBBT
INEVITABI.B
AND
pointsof
OF
WITH
AIB
STJBVBY,
THB
interest
CONCLUSIONS.
fallen about
The
IjINB
WITH
CALCUIjATBD
throughout
tide
ABOVB
THE
.125
123
of
staffs
DATUM
an
inch
marked
IjINB
AT
MBASUBES
CUBVATUBB.
the
survey
; for each
'^HB
124
measurement
was
the earth
CBLI.UI.AR
demonstration
its
toward
curved
COSMOGONY.
not
concavity.
For
all of
altitudes,by
the
of measurements
facts
with
to
and
here
calculated
ratio which
ratios increases
surface
miles
2%
after
and
had
to the
mean
inaccurate
work
nor
crowding of
of
the
been
is due
lines from
beyond
the
refraction
to
2}^
the
line
miles
Results
of
water's
not
to
curvature,
levels,
of the
the mouth
water
level in that
the line
projectedinto
and
incurvation
to
the
survey
due,
even
miles, instead
the
of 4
miles,
the
visual
of
surface
water's
be
if such
Convex
asked. What
would
We
append
reference, study,
parallel
arcs,
as
survey
the
or
mean
ours
table
test
tide
Measurements
Altitude
and
Concave
surface?
is
4^
station
and
the
to
be
will
It
of the tide
around
that
apparatus
Pass.
Comparative
It may
of
distance
the
of the
end
in the
Pass, creating a slightirregularity
at the
how
level of
the waters
the water
ratio, and
measured
measurements
may
surveyed,
water
vicinity.
work
study.
the
the
toward
approach
but to the
which
and
since calculated,
have
we
between
rapid approach
apparent
to
densed
con-
Koreshan
our
of
hair-line
staff, the
difference
the
of
calculated
the
noticed that
actual
tide
each
indicatingthe
came
the
have
of the
the results
of which
means
easily compared
nearly, at
nor
and
Geodetic
be
definite record, we
reference
easy
Surfaces.
be the facts of
were
of
on
made
upon
ment
measurea
convex
comparative results,
by calculation.
level,and
the
Having
for
two
secondary datum
At
Group
of
Witnesses
Gordon's
and
Pass.
Position
of
South.
Apparatus
Point
Btclilnsa
Noa.
and
6.
at
Farthest
126
THE
CKI.I.UI.AR
COSMOGONY.
line,it would
of about
above, making
16
the
and
far
as
line
the
on
earth ; while
convex
difference
the concave,
on
at the end
of
4"^
miles, instead of the line extending into the water, the line
inches, making
original 128
could not
apparatus,
could
nor
on
followed
have
beginning of
the line of
logicalargument
and
of the chord
the
New
earth's
convexity.
from
direct demonstration
all
geometrical
these
forms
in
principles
end, and
have
summed
results.
Step by step
from
beginning
not
the
built
clear ;
upon
made
and
We
frank.
experiments and
from
the line of
have
completedthe
now
have
we
hypotheses.
honest, open,
conclusions
have
embodied
described
the
and
have
The
been
to be stated.
the
are
have
logical and
evidences
surveys
to
propositions;
our
assumptions, we
no
all of
beginning
remain
theory
of
principles
have
have
proven
tions
rela-
the line of
the measurements
up
we
the
foundation
Survey from
the
the methods
followed
apparatus, and
the
have
we
means,
relations; we
Geodetic
an
the very
and
presented a long
ocular
have
We
from
and
reviewed
have
We
experiments,disproving by
of the
premise,
have
Grodksy;
our
and
arc,
miles.
running
as
Demonstration.
or
two
earth !
of
clearlythe principles
stated
blunder
the
right-angled
any
Direct
II,
Part
such
the
feet,in 4^.
22
feet with
convex
the
of
about
22
make
we
Conclusion
We
or
difference between
of 264.125 inches,
theories
We
into space,
projectedout
be
would
obtained
all in.
;
We
only the
RESULTS
The
simple route
surveyed Air
From
we
INEVITABLE
AND
Line
the
have
described,we
reference
to
known
horizontal
from
line
the
to
The
is the
The
Bxtemal
at
128
was
perpendicular and
the
Rectilineator,
4 miles ;
maintained
the
In
tangent.
line at the
Tangrent"
Points.
25
its
panying
accom-
line
the
altitude of the
Arc, and
will
began with
perpendicular; BC,
We
straight, and
external
which
diagrams which
adjustment of
was
diagram, A
;
in the work
determined
27
tide level.
mean
throughout
surveyed
or
relatingof the
conclusion.
our
the first
parallelrelations
line
construct
and
Air
projectedan
is the
obtained
may
demonstrate
the
datum
illustrate and
we
conclusion
to
to
CONCLUSIONS.
Altitnde
was
beginning
Line
of Surveyed
parallelwith
inches
above
the
external
tangent, and
the
external
Now,
external
surface
intervenes
consequently
between
beginning, and
end
at the
; we
to the
every
tide staff.
measurements
as
the
The
from
datum
arc
BC
ments
measure-
from
tide staff.
from
to the
is the
from
the
the
The
line which
the
inches at the
given the
line at every
distance
were
is 128
and
Line
points"the distance
datum
relate to the
measurements
have
extending downward
Air
the
to which
128
at
arc
the
; and
surveyed line
to
128
THE
CELLULAR
COSMOGONY.
the water's
surface, it follows
intellectual
comprehension
the results
(10
feet and
We
about
the
the
altitude, at
surface; A,
which
the
The
to the
of the
and
stations
the
of
the
at
beginning
point than
the
touches
the
XY,
arc
surface
to
show
also
diagram
diagram
drawn
true
altitudes,would
to
the
nearly agrees
mind
with
of mechanical
the
be too
survey:
concave
ratio
lower
the
fact
definite
only
arc,
but
to
not
scale,suflSciently
large
the proper
ratio of the
Points
rectiline
serves
chord, radii,and
to
are
are
only the
long
for drawing
followingspecifications
to convey
processes
above
last the
not
but
is concave,
staff at
of the
from
fine lines
relation
the vertical
The
serve
at the
demonstrating
The
until
preceding one,
water's
the scale.
the water's
end, which
the
the
of
at the
beginning,
intersected
that
staffs,
ending
arc
the
tide
25
i, and
to
the
on
the Vertical
Intersecting the 25 Tide Staffs,Falling Below
in Proportion to the Square of the Distance.
Air Line
BC
inches
128
space
projected. The
was
cur-
original 128-inch
the
is the
XY
25.
BC
and
surface
mile, or
the
by
4 miles.
perpendicular
the
of the water's
measurements
Staff No.
forced
principlesemployed
rectiline
the
arc
about
various
at the
of Tide
bottom
the
the rectiline
conclusion
8 inches
inches) in
take
may
beginning
of
concavelyat
vates
as
which
for
ing.
print-
proportions on
the
curvature, which
we
obtained
by
ScAi^E
The
is
scale
in.
.0204
in.
"'
in.
**
In
represent
in
arc
ft.
ft.
"
in.
external
36 feet, from
line of survey,
36
the
ft.
.2176 in.
tangent,
the
ence
circumfer-
representing4-mile
of sine of arc,
of
10
29
36 fl.=4 miles.
.204
Curvation
mile
the
projectedon
.0017
CONCLUSIONS.
ft.=i
586.667 ; 9
to
: I
; 13.5 miles
Length
INEVITABLE
AND
RESULTS
complete
to
would
be the
same.
.2176-1-in.
36 ft.
of
consists
Diagram
of
inch
an
apart
two
beginningparallelto
1980.
each
of
6.75 miles
direction of the sine of arc
with the sine at the distance
per mile
on
The
results
obtained
half
At
the commencement
of the
apparatus
observations
as
in the
south
the
to
in the
made
; the
points;
I,
in
toward
same
as
toward
north
the
that
from
the south.
of
the facts
adjustment, special
in the north
arc
of
and
were
the
the
employed
tion
rela-
same
several
well
as
processes
at Station
observations, constitute
the
the conclusion
earth
and
with
connection
in
the firstsections
straight-edgessustained
for
premise of
when
and
sine of arc,
oppositedirection also.
of the horizon
horizon
two
in the
leveled
of the
survey
of the survey,
were
were
of 36 ft.
obtain
chord, would
or
fifth
one
scale ;
Curvature
the
than
line
; upper
circle
the
36 feet in length,
more
of
the
stationarycaisson,is
the
In this way
concave
obtained,the
the
we
curvature
conclusion
relate
definitely
and
its
chord,
is inevitable that
an
CELLULAR
THE
I30
The
depth
whose
concavity
of the
extension
and
measured
about
of
which
of
centuries
conclusion,
observation
of the
surface
of
Success
Its
in
Geodesy
New
forms
concave,
astronomical, geographical,
surface
inner
have
we
and
earth
upon
in diameter.
8,000 miles
The
is the
live
we
which
inches.
128
miles; which
the
that
demonstrates
survey,
by
be
to
all the
obtained
is about
cur\'^ature
25,000
with
in connection
geodeticfacts
and
of
arc
radius contains
miles
center
demonstrated
have
circumference
the
at
4}i
of
area
taken
COSMOGONY.
tiie World's
Exceeds
Fruitless
in
ance
Import-
Scientific
Research.
of the
knowledge
Our
indirect
means.
figure of
geodeticoperationscarried
of determining
purpose
The
have, up
earth
time" led
to this
only
to* no
the
on
during
figure and
obtained
last
by
century and
dimensions
results.
sati^actory
of the
They
with
astronomers,
most
and
is
the
eminent
it would
seem
the
performed by
been
earth
the
Ball.
Astronomer
"
the
have
most
perfect instruments,
to
final solution
one
another.
The
"
of the
Schubert.
Von
scientists has
been
of which
has
of
has
that
problem
; the
solved
is
cellular,with
its habitable
all it
impliesand
realm
of science
realized, there
absolute
of the rational
last
at
involves, there
is of
can
be
evidences
earth's
surface
that
of
more
earth's
of
tion
form, the determinataxed
the
ingenuity
demonstrated
concave
is
minds
In the
nothing
more
the theory
investigator,
lightof
in the
entire
When
startlingthan
concavity. To
of the
be
to
stupendous import.
nothing
the
the
long engaged
scientific world,
the
so
the
the mind
earth's
con-
RESUI.TS
is
curvature
cave
of
is
minds
applicationof
The
by its ultimate
efforts of
have
facilities at
paid
almost
world
of
in every
and
has been
for the
ingenuity of
heavens
the
in the
visible orbs
singlefact
failed
of
the
advanced
the field of
as
form.
true
plied the
has
been
the
they have
tainly,
Cerof the
oceans
the
hope
of
correctness
nations, section
vations,
geodetic obser-
failed
ostensiblylabored.
and
the
to
triangles,
accomplish
Likewise, the
directed toward
the
of
the
movements
failed to discover
in
they have
us,
of
surveyors* chains,
pole to pole, in
investigationof all
above
with
have
more
astronomers
millions
have
of base lines,spherical
survey
they have
their
they
earth's
from
selected
and
quadrilaterals;
"
the
In
the
geodesistand geographers
indicative
fact
against all
sioned
they have been commis-
the
direction,and
the
we
The
bidding, vessels
their conclusions.
"
which
that
measured
apparatus
their command,
discover
some
and
with
to discover.
to
discovering
after section
prehended
com-
place
all
with
in the endeavor
at their
over
appliances
and
basis,
scientific men,
humanity
and
and
geodeticsurvey.
accurate
such
On
workmanship,
to
considered
geodetic survey
our
modern
all the
bring
to
have
undertaking is always
an
With
circuitous
phenomena of the
tled
questiondefinitelyset-
the
who
results.
of
finest
mere
various
principlesof
the
importance of
importance
plane of
certainty; the
absolute
of those
the
131
the
very
from
obviated, and
now
in the
of
of
CONCLUSIONS.
universe
the
removed
that
probability to
route
INEVITABLE
AND
failed
to
determine
their calculations
the true
of
distance of
single
THE
132
the sun,
about
revolution
the
To
mark.
and
annual
many
instruments
accurate
been
applianceshave
mechanical
of
diurnal rotation
wonderfully
conducted, and
been
wide
are
the
prove
distances
and
magnitudes
ary
COSMOGONY.
CELLUI.AR
but
employed,
and
without
success.
When
work
Koreshan
of the
concavity, in
with
contrast
of the
world,
of
valueless, in view
How
desired,
conclusions
star-gauging !
in the
We
of energy.
called
so
world; such
far
performed by scientists of
Truth,
mogul
with
now
mind
scientists there
eclipsesall
teachers
are
manifesting
is,that
outside
should
develop
in
all the
the
the
school, is
directed
great
the efforts of
Foucault's
wonder
of
vast
observatories
the
line of
army
and
ranks
mount
parawith
of
line
the
forcing itself
the
of
the
of
thus
success
of
cause
of
work
not
along
the
and
forth
scientific work
value, but
to
the
prove
expenditures
simply comparing
contributed
fallacy. The
of
startlingfact
rational
that
needless
the old
of energy
results
failure, the
We
to
spectralanalysis,and
are
their
the
importance.
failure
of
lax
paral-
science
efforts have
solar
true
the
discrediting
not
are
ments
govern-
transits
experiments with
short, the
In
of
cause
of the
rotating gyroscopes,
the
pendulum,
the
are
the various
the
determining
fruitless
How
observations of the
to make
Venus
by
earth's
how
scientists,
expeditions commissioned
many
the
proving
failure of
the
of the geodetic
success
in
System
seem
utterly insignificant
the
remarkable
the
consider
we
great
hour,
the
upon
the
recognized
scientific work
of
of
and
astronomers
universities
that
of
the
world!
Columbus
in his
adventures
struck
chord
that
re-
RESUIyTS
sounded
of
and
of the
confined
of that
man
his
the
the
of
cosmic
resultant
deaf
was
Vastly
more
form, in
which
demonstration
earlier
there
were
lifted the
veil
turning-point in
than
the
covery
dis-
the
discovery of the
is the
lie, with
continents
which
the
Europe, mighty
important
all
that
"
in the
He
the
America
of
before
the lifetime,
ears,
of
continent.
act
the continent
Within
kingdoms
new
operation
pivot upon
to
where
came;
all the
of nations.
made
was
expression.
world; that
new
progress
true
in
toward
movements
from
his
career
awakened
soon
world,
33
march
development,which
great change
The
civilization.
human
fields of
new
one
of
days
of
old
to the
discovery of
of
the progress
mighty forces
CONCLUSIONS.
the
throughout
empire
were
INEVITABLE
AND
brings
the
to
the
world
the demonstration
The
of that
forces
mighty
to
us
the
pivot
of
will
soon
the
in the
the
be manifest
realization of the
which
humanity
ignorance
the chord
the
and
of arc,
of
message
to the
the
voltage of
of
dawn
of
darkness
will vibrate
!
Korksh
mental
The
energy
Koreshan
of
and
the
and
from
That
tension
has
premise,
the world
a
"
to
the
Era,
New
in
prevailingfallaciesx
testimony of
the world
spheres
pulsating about
of
the
lution,
revo-
which
scientific
World
New
The
success.
integralmind
awakening
will be saved
world.
the
in the
centers
System,
demonstration
its
concavity;
scientific
impending
the
marvelous
earth's
pivot of
in their proper
elaboration, involved
brought
"
fact is the
of
hitherto confined
of
fact of the
the
the Air
Line,
in confirmation
of
testimony
is
claimed
pro-
of
thought
involved
System,
human
in
and
the
the
now
work
and
of promulgation
triumphant
'^^^
134
of the
herald
be
future
felt in
years
after
^long ages
"
of
premise, will
Conclusive
its
been
have
COSMOGONY.
CELLULAR
to
Irrational
Survey.
ments
Argu-
and
Objections
tlie Results
Against
by the
Obtained
Rectilineator.
ObstinacyAUnifcstcd by
ChagrinedCritics.
the
opposed
to the
and
other
admittedly
men
that whenever
shows
us
denied
of any age have
the facts of
scientific men
other
investigatorson a priori grounds of absurdity, the deniers
have always been
Prof. A. Russell
Wallace, the Eminent
wrong.
Naturalist
sane
honest.
and
educated
"
THE
Geodetic
and
the
Many
few
the
to the
itself.
from
the
character
and
of the
reader, we
of
a
the
fested
mani-
evidences
Redlilineator
find
publish the
are
been
history repeating
above
quotation
reveals
the
demonstration
opposition to
in
its true
without
here
this,we
immediately
the
theory, we
publishedto
which
recognized scientist,
in the very
its hold
the
of
pen
of
completed^
results;others
rejoicedhad
have
Copemican
been
the
resistance
employment
Because
observation
grounded
would
who
produced by
favorable
stubborn
been-
has
have
rejoicingover
are
the
In
chagrined.
Naples, Fla.,
at
thereby obtained
facts
the
world.
by
work
heart
a
facts
light. Fallacy
of
humanity,
struggle.
of
For
and
is rooted
will not
the benefit
oppositionto
Harvey,
of
the
the
the
and
don
aban-
of the
facts
circulation
of
of
ECHOES
the
blood
in
the
evidence,
the
blood
the
body
refused
to
be found
When
the
wisdom,
show
wrote
the
the lenses
made
telescope.
satellites
sequel proved
that
obje"fts
The
long
result of
can
have
have
seen
than
died
we
have
we
undertaken
projected?
The
and
of
lenses,
planet
having
of the
means
telescope?
he
denied
that
The
the
seen.
of Eartli's
had
the
ever
by
be
What
observed
nomena
phe-
give the
to
about
the
possibleto
the
as
without
about
fraud.
by
years
the
in
way
concavity is considered
and
for
knowledge
produced
Ratio
facts
telescope,attemptingto
nothing;yet
Geometrical
and
witness
observation
were
reveal
to
scientist,who
revolving
know
the evidences
never
to
in such
and
he knew
deception
through
planets, the
One
line of demonstrations
the facts
ground
we
were
earth's
the
about
did he
that
and
Geodetic
and
lived
man
few
be
the
What
can
stubbornly denied
the
could
single astronomical
but
on
to revolve
Jupiter. That
schools
that
began
the
jealousy
made
of
appearance
human
old
man
system;
telescope.
astigmatisms
how
and
were
inducing
dissertation
the
life fluid
the
Ptolemaic
zeal, prejudice,and
more
of
about
others
the
in
through
who
and
of
Galileo succeeded
and
satellites
by Galileo
astronomers
of
of
flow
the
the
is ifot
there
invented
telescopewas
of
of
produced
systems.
venous
movements
he
of
veins
anatomists
circulation
deny the
the
observed
and
investigate. Today,
the
arteries
the
35
Although
demonstrations
physicians and
to
SURVEY.
system.
ocular
through
he
^t
"
GEODETIC
human
made
"
THE
OF
as
the
do
Upon
Concavity.
absurdity,
an
same,
the
mere
critics know
our
what
reasonable
lines
opposition to
of
our
experimentation
work
today is
136
THB
as
of
proclaimthe /ads
as
COSMOGONY.
CELI.ULAR
have
persistentlydenied
the
near
by
line
by
means
results of which
are
as
who
seen
have
about
never
its
to
test
of
its contour.
results of
the
by
our
the
the
as
had
of
moons
observed
never
survey,
few
nothing
know
telescope. These
the
have
We
apparatus,
who
are
ventured
never
easily(?) explainedaway
through
explanationsof
have
mechanical
explained by those
motions
persistently
We
obtained; they
and
who
methods
or
capabilities
Jupiter were
their
few
of water
surface
surveyed
observed
manifested
that
as
Galileo.
and
Harvey
we
idiotic
called
so
we
purpose
to
coast
of
overthrow.
have
We
surveyed
The
Florida.
measurements
conclusivelythe
which
concave
the survey
its curvature,
from
water
level;the line
at
distance
AB,
the
water,
of
as
of the
the
in
and
tangent
ratio of curvation
the
survey,
the
article. The
while
over
the mile
the
miles
represents
ratio of
the
the
the
following
in
length;
feet above
into the
water; N
the
is
stations;ab represents
surface
earth's
the
beginning of
on
surface
water's
the
diagram
of
found
we
of the
cd
the
beginning, 10^
i, 2, 3, 4,
direction
feet above
10^
from
arc
upon
surface to meet
into
north; S, south;
the external
earth's
the
curvature
In this survey
miles
concave
demonstrate
to
as
only the
not
extended
about
Gulf
earth's
altitude of
an
was
shown
being
XY
page;
the
rectiline extended
survey,
such
made, and
was
approach
the
of
arc
the
upon
were
definite ratio of
line
for each
line referred
concave
distance;
to
curvature
at
the
mile
zed by
Digiti
of
later in
was
end
the
in
of the
KCHOES
OF
THK
inches
was
in
the earth
the second
end
at the
in
length
found
to exist at the
obtained
any
other
involved
We
of
end
the
obtained
than
and
survey,
by
admit
of it.
Two
Classes
of
geodetic work
From
several sources,
i, 2, 3, 4,
the
was
ratio
proper
at the
of the
end
survey.
mathematical
sphere
concave
this
ratio
and
of
tion
calcula-
the
25,000
results
that such
right line
ratio
upon
concave
two
o,
it will be found
will not
confront
perpendiculars
at
arc
mile, 6
line extended
beginning
extension
the
the
lines of
same
of
test
inches;
Concaye
on
upward
the
water's
beginning,because
mile
only
the
inches; third
the
even
from
Line
of the
not
Not
ratio of curvature
by
be
cannot
fourth
preciselythe
circumference,
in
capableof making
reader
of the
the
curvated
to
137
diagram, the
mile
of Air
SURVKY.
feet and
concavely.
eighthof a
Diagram
had
air line
in
curvates
miles
at
of the
the
earth
Let each
less than
In the
from
extending
of every
the
this distance
decrease
between
mile, about
feet,while
GKODSTIC
Objections
classes of
upon
objectionsto
the coast
it is claimed
sufl"cientlyaccurate
to
Urged.
extend
of the
that
a
the
Gulf
the
character
of Mexico.
Rectilineator
is
straightline; while
138
THK
from
others
the accusation
comes
at
distance
toward
inclined
earth
of
classes
two
minds
expressingthem.
apparatus
only
not
also to insure
but
devote
did not
for
"
The
for whatever
error
being
cross-arm
reversed,
as
who
and
plan
make
or
of
sources
that could
always
occur,
corrected
this
in the
as
or
from
same
is done
to
to the
the
each
the
never
"
or
of
out
should
of
source
and
sion
expan-
the apparatus,
seen
that
fact
^those
of
change
of
deviation
Check
all surveyors,
inch
up
and
are
no
adjustment,
temperature,
of the
all the
the
the
whatever
Besides, there
inaccuracy
single
effect of
the
occurred.
produce
at
correct
section
appreciatethe
wind,
section
apparatus is constructed.
obviates
the
own
brass-facings
an
knows.
rate,
accu-
its
from
that
we
further
would
contraction
objectionhave
direction.
by
.001
well
mechanic
of which
conspire
apparatus
process
when
work;
neutralize
apparatus
This
tions,
precau-
to insure
employed
the
overthrown,
such
of
expansion
vibration
settling,
the
making
extra
be
required for
inaccuracy of
attributed
error
took
the
that
urged
less than
or
its construction
contraction
be
turning-overof
or
consequently cannot
of
satisfactoryto
result
be
of the material
Those
the
that
suppose
every
inaccuracy is also
We
therefore
method
any
more
to
adjustment.
arisingfrom
error
by mistake.
weeks
by reversal
alternate
every
objectionsmight
by making
was
inaccuracies
any
four
the line
accuratelyleveled,but
not
the accuracy
nothing.
accuracy,
such
that
miles; from
was
accurate, and
not
was
to extend
as
objection would
that the
knew
purposely inclined
we
objections seem
these
We
of 4
apparatus
the
that
startingpoint,so
at the
COSMOGONY.
CELLUI.AR
air line
that
errors
value
of
the
THE
I40
involves
CELLUIyAR
of
admission
the
of
three
extending
exact
was
COSMOGONY.
absolute
that
we
of
the
apparatus,
position of
first section
the
into the
else than
of
absolute
level?
have
just the
given inclination
the other
of
line
adjustments
was
says
made
correct
position.
Reply
to
is
minute
arc;
above
in the
AB
mistake
the
the
the
We
of
an
we
inclined
out
that
know
that
the
finest
of
^the accuracy
"
light
"
in the
to
objectionin
an
altitude
of level
so
as
trate
illus-
the two
represent the
XY
at
lutely
abso-
the
will endeavor
and
our
Section.
charge in another
line,beginning
water, and
true,
measurements
first secSlion in
followingcut: lyCt
the air
be
distance
be
to
impossible.
diagrams
to
ments
measure-
the
at
charge
lightof geometricalprinciples,and
our
water
will examine
We
have
the
and
no
getting
upon
distance
accurate
obtainable; we
depended
for
at
absolutelystraightline, involving
an
class of minds
the firstsection
levels
order
In
to extend
kind
and
strike the
we
inclined
the
perfect apparatus
angles,could
desired,from
would
third, that
and
water
ment
adjust-
the
began, would
in
from
line
the
ing
mak-
capable of
angles
our
calculate
to
were
of
measurements
First,that
rectiline:
necessary
^very
"
^necessarily
so,
"
second,
angle of inclination;
some
things,
vex
con-
lo^ feet*
to
strike
in 4
into the water
"Really, to confonn
to the fact that the air line extended
miles at an angle, with
the horizon
of the chord, the
the end
\% miles beyond
altitude of the starting point, on the convex
would
have
earth as per charge,
to
be 18 FEET
and 8 inches, instead
of 10 feet ! For the sake
of simple illustration,
have
we
represented the line as terminating at the horizon, and consseqaently
parallel to the water.
the
in
water
the ratio of
extended
line
it.
to
from
the
to the
to
In
the
As
really obtained.
would
be
the
at
water,
of
the
surface
approach of
beginning
the
divergence of
the ratio of
beginning, would
the distance
from
beginning
line had
of
the
be in
of
reallydescended
or
approach
of
the
of
Supposed
than
greater
that
feet
and
Conyex
of
at the ratio of 4
end.
feet
the
and
line
of
square
in
the
more
end,
the
was
nearer
be
ratio of
the
line,
ratio of
the
end
the
surface
at
line
10^
The
line; whereas
the water's
angle
to
would
proportionto
the
liquely
ob-
the
be 4 feet
at
the
parallel
reverse
surface
Naples, Fla.
line and
definite
line
the
line
the
surface
ended
with
just
the end
of the line at
the survey
at
of
trast
con-
diagram,
beginning.
the water's
rapid at
at
charge, would
the
than
first
instance, beginning
end
the
to the
of
Results
above
begins
ratio
for
the
coincidental
The
surface
water's
Now
surface, and
water's
ends
at B.
i, 2, 3, 4,
illustratingthe
cut
In
line
this, the
horizontal, and
horizontal
the
arc.
S, south;
in
concave
I4I
line of survey.
the
approach of
the
over
SURVEY.
is north;
along
exhibited
have
we
GEODmMC
miles; N
four
that
THE
OF
KCHOKS
fact, in
gence
conver-
less at
If the
for
the
the
air
first
THE
142
mile, and
so
in
on,
at
line,and
of the
would
the
been
have
If the earth
COSMOGONY.
CELLULAR
were
of inclination from
angle
in 4
the
line,as
arc
in the
plane,
the
of
the air
I, 2, 3, 4, the
south;
line to the
mile, and
the
sustain the
would
was
The
it ?
first mile
would
increased
2^
of
the end
pointto
Charge
miles
This
is
such
possible. The
mere
an
to
of the
the
line
out
throughdeviation
end.
How
from
of
the
mile,
progressed, until
at
that
the horizon.
Facts
of Measurement.
the
line
show
such
at
greatest
eighth
on
ignorant subterfuge;no
of
the
line
air
curved
objection can
2"^
for
the
be
the
Gulf, below
of
been
The
at the
first
the
of the
construction
north; S,
same
arc,
horizontal
extend
run
is
the horizontal
objection that
the
the
convex
obliquityof
of Falsification
represent
de\'iation
perceptible
no
of the
the surface
speciallyconstructed
made
line,and
the
principleof
have
apparatus would
continually as
confront
We
the
On
convex
approach
fourth.
the
obliquityto
sufficient to
was
for
same
the end
near
the
would
XY
the
line showed
until
horizontal
and
the
beginning of
with
of
descent
the
axis of the
of the horizontal
of
below
diagram
The
same
ratio
even
stations.
the
the
to extend
as
an
incliningthe
of
mile
for
water
so
straight lines.
two
line;AB
result
in accordance
precedingcut,
the water
be
miles, would
representedin
convergence
zontal
hori-
enormous.
the
an
how
apparatus
a
convex
one
this
ever
could
apparatus would
was
face.
sur-
ing
havbe
in-
volve
the
degree
of
more
the
can
for
objectorsclaim
also the
convexity
results
of the
fame
of the
the methods
by
that
the
employed
Koreshan
of it not
reason
We
testifyas
as
absolutely as
be
charged
an
admission
that
we
fact that
lied about
the Koreshan
be convex,
upon
them
as
Copemican System
Other
The
of
expect
minds
some
are
four.
our
survey,
of
If it
if the
has
it is
earth
obtained
bestowment
of
first to demonstrate
the
consider
and
the
Survey.
who
man
simple principlesof
those
to be
who
the
comprehend
table, until
multiplication
will have
mean
will
to reach
the results
two
Corroborate
we
scientific suicide.
form, and
the
the
Experiments
above
who
those
being
that,
which
to
Staff alone
Geodetic
also
not
become
objectors that
honor
determined
what
the results
Coperni-
Cosmogony;
never
and
two
capable
the
course,
know
we
on
could
such
ing
concern-
true, but
be to commit
do because
the
of
have
not
was
take
could
we
being true, it
are
favor
lished
pub-
it would
employed
ever
fadls;
we
truth
of the Koreshan
System
To
water,
the case,
were
only method
skill
possible!
by tellingthe
to lie in favor
theory, than
prevailingsystem.
the
If such
and
falsified the
we
43
fold greater
to be
that
charge
the
gain
to
easy
thousand
only
by
SURVEY.
precision of adjustment
oppositeresults.
the
of
class of
discovery of
that upon
be far
and
accuracy
confront
We
GEODETIC
necessity of attaining a
the other
than
THE
OF
ECHOES
will not
changed by
he
the
cannot
turn
the
to
mathematics.
nor
facts.
doubted
came*
We
reason;
in
to
the
It
racy
accu-
edge
knowldo
not
their
tide
of
I'HE
144
CEI.LUI.AR
popular favor
from
the
strange
to us
that
seems
in view
"
been
ever
and
applied by
convexity
in view
the
all the
to face
absolute
rejectedby
evidences
mind
any
Corroborative
by
of water
which
be
can
and
the line
form,
true
but
by other
repeated upon
challenge will
our
field of contest,
to which
"
the many
lines of
obtained
the facts
from
our
we
character
He
apprehend
who
the
has
nature
be
faction
to the satis-
have
we
long line
experiments
of water,
facts
cavity
con-
observed
tion;
challenge contradic-
We
to
be
answered
the
upon
we
have
geodetic work
ducted
con-
world.
of the
Staff,we
reviewed
^that the
of the surface
and
tests
"
the
tests
"
to the
announce
we
the pen
followed
reports of the
the
them:
Convex
*
have
we
body
have
seas
test.
work, and
"
earth's
the
Concerning the
by
in
participate
Staff
of
means,
any
susceptibleof
are
work
have
we
our
produced should
have
skeptical. The
of the most
criticise
Geodetic
survey,
on
circumstantial,
issue and
of the demonstration
obtained
of evidences
of the
of accurate
means
have
means
in
involved
principles
and
who
the
we
facts obtained
called evidences
so
the
the
direct
it
But
in view of the
scientists,
enough
of
face
only cumulative
are
System.
such
no
experiments performed by
direct and
New
right in the
that
of the
brave
not
were
the
to
old
COSMOGONY.
read
or
Concave,
Which
thus
far,need
carefully
of the
question involved;
?
not
and
be
may
at a loss to
form
some
THE
IN
PRESS.
DAII.Y
145
theory
these
men
earth's
of the
laid
have
rotundity?
themselves
out
They
are
vex
con-
If
you.
practicea deception
to
How
the
before
now
of such demonstration.
idea of his own
as to the practicability
shall we dispose of the facts of this seeming innovation
on
the
on
tinkered
or
gullibleof mankind, and have doctored their instruments
their manipulations so as to obtain the results they expected, then we
What
sold in proportionto our
to what
commitment
are
they say.
not
cananybody could jpossibljr
expect to accomplish by such course, we
with the intelligenceof
does not comport
imagine. Thebehef
the persons
capable of the work reported to have been done.
The languagequoted does not belong to those who
are
ignorant
indicate that
of the laws of mmd;
treated
does the subjectmatter
nor
ness
it is by those unfamiliar
with geometricalrequirements. The carefuland
characteristic of
not
are
painstaking patience manifested
those who
are
incapable,or who care
only for short-lived notorietjr^
The
desire
the
for
to
highest attainable degree m
seeming
accuracy
order to project a straightline,and the frank, open,
and
unreserved
detail of procedure, the results of which
anybody of equal skill could
readily overthrow
by experiment, if untrue, do not witness to our
mind
fake.
to be
of the
on
and
mathematicians
the
all
fraternity ^including
"
philosophers
of
But it is abhorrent
to our
sense
be committed
to a fallacy,on
any
known; and veritable measurement
geometrical
based
of The
fact
than, in
assumption. Extracts
Leaflet,Ironton, O.
on
"
In the
Reprints and
Etchings
Great
of the
its absence,
from
importance,
of the
upon
Koreshan
fitness
the
further
nowned
re-
spirit
the
in
their
of
things to
truth
may
be
evidence
of
Editor
the
by
lation
re-
ing
establish-
in
mountains
series of articles
DailyPress.
of
Reports
Dailies
magnitude,
Geodetic
presentationof
the
and
in
Editorials
tiie
of America.
eternal
subject,when
ought to go
the
of
adherents
and
Around
the World!
influence
Expedition
evidences
of the
may
afforded
be
work
ciated
appre-
through
146
THE
the
CEI.I.UI.AR
We
work
your
been
asked
are
prominent
asked, Why
made
public?
who
factors
and
The
propaganda.
our
and
times
the
that
made
of the
concavity
the
flashed
from
successful
which
channels
From
truth.
earth's
of the
aware
parts of
the
Indies, and
A
to take
of the dailies
This
showing
the
process
we
System
we
strongly
about
arrangement
Koreshan
of
ing
dar-
mental
the
of
went
news
in
been
have
from
responses
also
the
hamlet
people
had
tinent,
con-
of
and
town
all
France,
from
containing reports
word
arranged
etching
to
to
evidences
the
to
strated,
demon-
possession.
our
echoes
have
and
Hawaii.
into
our
modern
continent
the
English-speaking world;
number
come
tant,
impor-
been
has
from
world; millions
facts; we
in
popular
vibrating in
news
Germany,
have
of the
most
startlinginformation
the world
responsive
the columns
the
on
surface
achievement,
parts of the
various
made
The
the
the
greatest, most
city to city,and
became
with
instrumental
impression
reverberatingaround
and
of the
papers
news-
questions
geodetic experiments of
distinct
These
it ?
avenues
scientific mind.
called
so
results
remarkable
most
have
direct
the
not
touch
in
not
are
results of
the
not
have
Why
Koreshan
to the
have
something regarding
those
by
display of scientific
our
extremely unfavorable
often
are
contained
to
COSMOGONY.
score
to
of
We
do
have
the
of
ask
not
the
evidences
the
of
the
the
same.
on
Hqn.
torials,
edi-
by
the
comments
Expedition by
We
reports and
reproduce photograph
and
will
skeptical mind.
available
favorable
reader
that
work
our
the
Henry
148
THE
THAT
PROOF
COSMOGONY.
CELLULAR
LIVE
WE
INSIDE
Editorial
of the
Advocates
inside of
of
have
satisfyall who
This
theory.
in
claim
proof of
making
interpret observations
and
of the heavens
of the
shape of the
a
usual
the
from
is
earth
the
therefrom
With
new
the
is revived
the
it is the
theories known
properly
phenomena
the promulgation
In
discussion
of the
radical
most
the
to
universe
to
horizon.
System,
entire
departure
today"it
world
the
conclusions
reduced
system
the
with
plans
experimenters
sued
pur-
reached
for
to
pivotal and
making
that
test,
expedition
there
is a straight
December
to Naples, Fla., where
for a number
of miles, to practicallyapply the principles
of testingthe earth's
of the newly discovered
means
contour.
The
Koreshan
theory
fact that
has
of the
common
our
in
failure
Koreshan
cosmogony
and
of
company
coast
has succeeded
character
of
as
Cosmogony, was
Teed, of Chicago,
he
most
of
correctness
decidedly revolutionary.
are
specifictest,
last
the
scope
complete antithesis.
in
the
of
R.
the
to
system, known
to the
to be able
the
Cellular
the
or
the
on
diameter, instead of
Astronomical
strange
Astronomy,
the Koreshan
for
asked
living
are
we
globe, now
convex
pages,
theory that
hollow
the outside
the
GLOBE.
Koruhans'
on
THE
such
might
be
never
a
work
of
the
in
geodetic work
thought
of
the
on
an
Experimenting
is of interest
before
sent
was
to
all the
been
results
Staff of
the
all, from
the
simple
history of
the
world
executed.
of the
Whatever
series of surveys
THE
IN
made
at least the
been
for
entirely overlooked
reason
surveys
of
time to time
facts
the
if
G.
accepted will
and
the
main
operations in
straightline surveyed
extend
the
of
into
points,like
two
the
the earth
whether
concaved
have
succeeded
have
of
chord
cannot
be
called
the
of
of
the
water*
arc
surface
at
It is claimed
possiblefor determining
convexed
at its surface,or
means
or
hollow
the
survey
is
rays
rectilinear
as
On
account
of
light
and
vision
direction,and
The
mechanical
clearly illustrated
reproduction
itself.
of this
in the
The
Editorial
on
acter
char-
live.
The
explains
test of the
we
practicaltest.
Rectilineator, is
of
first direct
which
upon
the true
purpose
etched
to
concave
the
making
surface
the
"See
is rounded
employed
which
vertical
direct
inside
in
the
of
the
from
at
now
the
as
gives
which
investigations,
directions
in two
space,
that
report
Koreslians.
that
has
science.
perpendicular,and
and
who
of
point of
with
obtained,
of his
results
revolutionize
Chicago,
Times- Herald
results
Propositions
The
of
Morrow,
the
supplied
of
lines
U.
observed
final summary
usual
in the
The
geodetic survey.
ments
experithe
the
under
were
gulf coast
on
direction of Professor
from
that
remains,
and
scientific research
and
fact
one
49
of
some
the
coast,
is
plan
number
of
Florida
the
on
PRESS.
DAILY
2.
are
consequently
apparatus
used,
contrivance
for
whole
plan
*accompanying
survey
Plate
of
began with
of
gram,
diathe
THE
150
at
apparatus
CEI.I.ULAR
altitude
an
feet above
of ten
making
COSMOGONY.
the water's
face,
sur-
instead
figures,
eight miles
of
earth
the
inches
mile, in four
the
to
straight chord,
the
concavely,
with
line
that the
the
the
middle
into
convex
water
eight
of
the
earth
the
veyed
sur-
the
"
end
of
curvates
line would
object was
the
arc
at
if the
hand,
Their
**run
ratio of
the
from
claim, the
water.
the
in
come
to demonstrate
They declare
water.**
line
from
above
the Koreshans
would
at
given perpendicular,the
other
the
the
miles
feet
distance
On
as
the
be twenty
be that
survey.
contact
from
or
line would
line would
convexly
curvates
the
surveyed
the
How
the line
Along
of
Surveys
surveyed
which
mile, upon
the
on
the
were
Were
Made.
fixed
altitude
stakes
of
the
**air line*'
progressed, in order
registered as the survey
afterward
made, and
might be
of the distance
it
this way
proposed
was
approached
line
is made
claim
could
concave
line
of the
the
that
no
the
determine
to
surface
upon
such
above
at
other
relations
the
and
water's
of
calculated
line
came
of
mile
the
at
*'line''
was
beginning;
eight inches
second
in contact
the ratio
.he results
for
even
referred
to,
surface.
In
not
the
or
ratio;and
surface
the
mile, about
at the end
the water.
Also
of
the surf
nearer
the
the
and
the ratio
end
the
ace
thirty-two
eighth
progression;
at every
line' of
along the same
miles showing the aggregate
was
than
in about
At
curvature.
concave
v/as
urements
meas-
figures be observed
that
whether
proper
kind
eighth
every
result
for
THE
IN
the measured
altitude of the
From
these
figures it
concavity determined
The
mile.
of
angle
with
deviation
the
the
from
levels,the
beginning
direction
of
of
all
the
the
may
be
stations
that
seen
measurements,
of the
of
extension
plumb-line
the
water,
the
in
principlesinvolved
test
from
the
as
well
of
the
as
sideration
con-
apparatus
fact
in the
points,in
various
at
the
to
of
stations
surveyed
of
closely
increase
at
line
into
the ratio
very
line,the
the
ing.
interven-
eight inches
of
horizontal
the
length
point of
to
for the
curvature
ratio of descent
15I
line
by these
estimated
the
approaches
PRESS.
DAILY
ployed,
em-
earth*
concavity.
Scientists
It
easily be
can
scientific tests
If it
would
admitted
were
define
entitle
direction
to
credence
would
have
the
by
earth*
the
weight
if
of
such
impetus
they were
of this survey
results
of
an
true.
curvature
nitely
defi-
so
as
the
scientific world,
that
evidence
to
would
render
from
the
that
Contest.
Open
to
imagined what
give to a system
the
them
Koreshans
the
Cliallenged
their
school, they
not
are
field to
the
the
anticipatingleaving
the
of the
work
the
the advocates
general challenge to meet
of the prevailing system, not merely in discussion, but in
the field of operations
and experimentation.
upon
open contest
of the results of the unique surveys,
Corroborative
System
issues
of the
they claim
the
surface
have
to
of
tangiblefacts
the
water
must
long
itself,and
be admitted
the
force
to possess
more
of
upon
visible
and
weight
with
of mod-
THK
152
scientific
em
scientific
of
truth
as
Morrow
today
as
are
of
results
in demonstration
them
to meet
Koreshan
the
Professor
propositionsand
our
are
we
thought,
of the world
men
COSMOGONY.
CEI^LUIyAR
System,
difficultywill
no
**If the
says:
be
experienced
hereby extend
speedily settling the question. We
the opportunity of demonstrating the earth's conthem
vexity,
establish
the
and
to
to destroy our
premise or
in
to
basis of the
Koreshan
of modern
conclusions
for
dispute,
but
science.
inviting
'There
is not
this
In
not
are
we
test
of
all
clamoring
the
facts.
Decision.
to
issue before
another
overthrow
thus
impartial
an
Easily Susceptible
*
and
Cosmogony,
the world
today, in
be
so
specificallystated and
principles can
lute
one
so
susceptibleto absopoint of test, nor
pivoted upon
decision, as this one concerning the concavity of the
be changed, and
earth ; because
the water' s surface
cannot
of solving the question is so obviously certain
method
no
the
which
as
the
of
one
which
formulated
are
in the
Koreshan
proclaimed
now
to
the
We
have
of an
air line,
employed a unique apparatus in the survey
ticipated
terminating in the water's surface as we proposed and anbefore
We
undertaking the survey.
employed
a
there
of
well
extension
of
process
can
be
refraction
as
forciblymade
were
results
the effect of
a
ically
perspectiveforeshortening,by mechanstraight line, and thus settled the matter
from
eliminated
the elements
question. We
of visual lines,as
light and incurvation
no
of
forcing
We
of
aware
As
would
was
yet, the
have
not
been
of the
confident
consideration
which
work
of
we
were
pro-
THK
IN
jectingthe greatest
the nineteenth
and
the
with
ultimate
they
ured
meas-
place
over
against all
the
earth's
of the
apparatus
the
shape,
very
finest
We
not
are
always
basis, we
determine
to
men
appliances and
workmanship.
such
On
geodetic survey
our
is
undertaking
an
results.
scientific
all their
proves
of
century.
importance of
efforts of
153
important geodeticsurvey
most
**The importance of
by its
PRESS.
DAII^Y
are
of
not
importance.
paramount
We
are
"
upon
rational
many
minds
of
modern
The
times.
have
facts
have
we
observed
and
the lines
we
surveyed
challenge will
contest, in
which
have
the
have
we
many
be
to
answered
lines
observed
of
the
upon
the
field
are
our
of
experimentation through
facts
we
announce
to
the
world."
A
The
Koreshan
Revolution
Would
scientists have
realm
of discussion
taken
Result.
the
question
out
of the
and
Great
effort at
is
it
really concave,
sun,
and
moon,
all
case
the
readily be
can
and
in what
of
success
radical
of the
It
hollow
would
turn
the
be
set
if the world
has
and
the scientific
effected such
edly
decid-
thought and
of human
into
many
other
No
its resultant
mind
is
general public?
general acceptance of
globe theory
to
comparatively
revolutionized.
be
result from
to
part of Koreshanity,
in the channels
changes
would
as
have
difference
ever
concave
attributed
it interest the
the
would
be
arc.
is the
on
curvature.
should
arc
distances
concave
does
way
popular theories
life
the
astronomical
earth*s
be asked, what
In the event
absurdity,and
which
the
if that
immense
the
the
It may
system
of
arc
that
"
from
other
aside, and
concave
the
"
seen
instead of convex,
planets
the
of the
movements
the side of
foundation
or
made
are
of
in such
because
planets impossible,
ance
would have to be interpretedin accord-
ground
calculations
explanation
the
and
us
earth
if the
that
the
phenomena
with
usual
entirelyon
stars
of
habitation
the
claim
the
places
orbs above
of the
COSMOGONY.
They
demonstration.
character
It
CEI.I.UI.AR
'J'HE
154
premise
the
conclusions.
channels
newer
reveal newer
ous
numerlaws, and clear away
investigation,
function.
form
and
mysteries concerning cosmical
be
of thought and
investigation would
Every domain
in short, a startling,
invaded by the new
appalling
process
would
revolution
and
world-wide
necessarily follow if
of
"
universe
from
the
being,
and
the
proved beyond
it were
as
well
as
doubt
all the
to
the
of universal
existence
and
and
stars, planets,sun,
perpetuityhave
moon
startlingto
that
been
the
laws
discovered.
156
that
must
that
dimension
to the
verse
COSMOGONY.
CEIyLUI^AR
THE
and
connected
existence
divine
universe
there
to
come
of that
but
cause,
It is claimed
cause.
and
natural
of
means
that
the
universe
and
physical
expression of the
outermost
the
also
its laws
are
the mind
which
it.
expresses
Koreshans
to
attempt
that
the claim
Deity scientifically.Hence
or
theory of Koreshanity is the foundation
is claimed
religion,which
it
Christian
system
and
apostasy of
the
defend
is
has
effect of the
the
is the
universe
of the
definite
consequentlythe
as
related"
as
Bible"
the
''firmament'*
taught priorto
the
church.
of the
teaches
the
Testament"
and
of
its
primitive
declension
claim
that
metallic strata
outermost
Old
basis
Koreshans
Bible
the
scientific
the
was
that
sphere, the
hollow
be
to
of
world
the
being
that the
to
the
Bible is
correct
scientifically
"
"
divine mind.
cause,
and
The
is true
"
argument
^a
true
and
research,from
men
are
which
yet
tangible index
of
edge
to all knowl-
of the universe.
is the result
is that nature
on
the
it follows
voyage
that
of
discovery and
they have
not
yet
Chart
Showing
the
of the
Koreshan
Principal Astronomical
Phenomena
of
Cosmogony.
Features,
the
Heavens.
latching: No.
8.
in
Explanation
of the
THB
IN
definitelylocated the
PRESS.
DAII,Y
of the
secret
57
of
great cause
existence,
of the
real purpose
Koreshan
theory claims to
explained the
yet satisfactorily
nor
The
world.
Founder
discovered
have
to
or
to
of the facts
to which
embraced
as
in
it would
are
is claimed
as
undoubtedly reveal
greatlymistaken, or
and
the rankest
most
times.
Benefits
What
What
today are
promulgating
modern
fallacyof
absurd
discovery,
possibledetermination
the
be
way
could
definite and
ing.
thinking world is look-
the
prevailingtheories
the
examine
critically
that
so
of
in contact
come
the
leaders
If the
induced
of
Would
be
to
Follow?
benefits
the
to
be derived
to
in the
law
universe
understood
when
that
; that
is
man
apply to
cannot
man
himself
to
until he has
overcome
and
be
*
be
mortal, and
will
so
applied and
fulfilled immutable
and
death
claim
to
In
is looked
accordance
of
dis*^^^eryof
the
upon
Jcemel
very
'philosopher'sstone,"
which
continue
to
be
mortal
law
as
to
physically.The
the
at
as
with
organicunity of htunan
the
the
and
the
science
key
this
the
of
system
seems
long sought
to
for
transmutation,
to all knowledge.
158
for
THE
the adherents
by
universal
the
has
and
COSMOGONY.
sought
are
be
to
in
human
science of government
is termed
what
of
laws
applied to
"
manifest
The
views.
the Koreshan
^itis claimed to be
political
economy
Theocracy expected by all
supreme
made
and
to
existence
affairs in the
and
CELLUI^AR
the
Christians
to
be
advent,"
"second
the
of
beginning
hence
man
of salvation of
humanity
from the present conditions of evil and
mortality,through
order of life and
the institution of a new
organic system
correspondinglyfashioned after the general universal order
of the great Cellular form
which
is held to incorporateall
to the establishment
there is.
Koreshans
the claims
of Dr.
and
study
insisted
of
system
Teed.
of
engaged
the
in
necessitating
system is intricate,
His
by his followers
claims
his claims
that
Those
scientist.
true
the
of
work
scientific
practical
proofs of
that in the
misunderstood
people have
say many
the
the
are
who
rational
been
have
experimentation,hold
of the
correctness
reshan
Ko-
ethical,and
religious,
Cosmogony, all the scientific,
economical
principlesof the entire system are conclusively
to be true;
demonstrated
KORESHANITY.
Prof. Morrow
He lias Proved
"
Journal
Prof.
Staff of the
way
to
U.
of Gravity.
Explanatiosi
G. Morrow,
Koreshan
Chicago, where
Dr.
is
Cyrus
LooisYiUe, Ky.,
Scientific and
of the
Unity,
at
now
R.
Geodetic
in lyouisvilleon
Tkkd,
the
his
originator
THE
IN
of
Koreshanity
Founder
and
anxious
he
a
advocates.
Prof.
experiments
and
highlysuccessful,
the
proves
is
as
earth'
159
He
the
inquiryconcerning
series of
was
of the
is located.
to make
PRBSS.
DAII,Y
Morrow
ors
visit-
ries
strange theo-
just concluded
has
at
be
surface to
concave
and
not
convex,
live on
the inside
generally believed,and that we
of a great hollow sphere, not the outside.
A description
of the experimentswas
time ago in the Couriergiven some
Journal^ with diagrams showing the methods
employed.
It was
novel undertaking, and, whether
admits
a
one
the theory of Koreshanity or not, its results are certainly
without
not
interest,and
is enthusiastic
The
horizon
and
of
instruments
plumbs, and
those
who
used
we
a
of
new
the Rectilineator.
among
of
the outcome
us
Florida
of
to
original,and had
were
his
the
apply
never
he
was
Gulf
some
been
The
popular view.
weft telescopesand transits,levels,
hold
to
the
apparatus, invented
We
in
observations
contour, led
water's
applied by
over
experiments
our
long series
of the
attention
Courier-Journal
reporter last night
'*The character
unique.
attract
over.
Morrow
experiments. To
said:
will
are
now
by myself, called
successful.
Our
work
has
had
before.
The
given an impetus that it hias never
we
claim, ought
strength of evidence and of argument
of the world.
the minds
hold upon
to give us a remarkable
I have
for about
twenty-fiveexperiments.
specifications
At Naples we performed about
sixty experiments,divided
been
advocates
of
l6o
THE
overthrows
one
As
matter
scientist to
CELLULAR
COSMOGONY.
it,which
demonstrations.
Reverse
'*The
Theories.
of Popular
System,*' said
Koreshan
Prof.
last
Morrow
night, *4s
theories
modem
all other
radically different from
it is not a partial difference,but the absolute
"
antithesis.
in all lines of
other
In
are
exact
of the
reverse
primarily,that
means,
^that is,from
deductively
reason
"
from
effect to
fixed
as
principles,
theories,we
earth
instead
of
well
what
to
other
universe
We
cause.
Illustrative of
on
reason
as
from
extent
hold
that
the
instead of its
preference to
reverse
we
the order of
thought; we
well as
to effect,
as
cause
from
the standpoint of
evidences of phenomena.
ours
we
are
live
on
the
of
reverse
in the eternityof
infinity,
brief existence
conceptions.-That
usual
of
the
material
nature
in
universe.
is central instead of
that
circumferential;
he
a
tangible manlftod instead of being an
possesses
with his
infinite Spirit; that he is inseparably connected
universe of expression instead of being extra-cosmical or of
and above the universal order of existence.
existing over
We
hold that alchemy instead of chemistry is true.
We
Veach a form of government that is the unity of all forms of
^
in the world
today, involved in one order of
government
We
control.
*'Doesn*t
the
**Yes, if one
Koreshan
System
undertakes
are
globe as men
standpoint. In that way,
the hollow
to
seem
absurd?"
account
for
phenomena
used to do from
of
course,
in
the exemal
it would
appear
62
THE
"The
CEIXULAR
old-school
to the
more
today owes
and to Tycho Brahe than to Newton,
No
ered
theory of astronomy is consid-
astronomy
Egyptian astronomers
Herschel,
in
Proctor.
or
COSMOGONY.
no
eclipsepredictions;
or
and
foretold
were
school globe.
or
can
functions.
before
Eclipsesoccur
Eclipses
Copernicus ever
regularintervals.
An eclipse
cycle is about eighteen years and eleven days in
length. During that time twenty-nine lunar and forty-one
solar eclipsesoccur.
During the next cycle ot eighteen
these
same
eclipseshappen again. Those who
years,
predict eclipsesconsult tables as the farmer consults his
a
These
almanac.
as
and
sun
do
''How
account
you
during
moon
could
not
off.*
In
on
moon
lunar
**The earth
is
casts
be called
of
secret
eclipsepredictions.
the
no
shadow
on
the
shadow
moon
is in the earth's
great metallic
implant an
under
surface of the
modified
moon
we
by the
substances
energies or
image would
obscured.
appears
off and consequently
moon
see
shell
on
If it did
moon.
crust.
it
*to cut
an
the
shell upon
hydrogen
these
is cut
moon
origin of the
generated in the
the center.
They
denser
ecliptic.*'
for
the
The
earth's
the
eclipse,for eclipsemeans
have to say
the old system, they would
eclipsedwhen
system,
of
is the
absolute
as
behind
saw
boy could do it if he once
curtain,understood longitudeand time, and the relations
of the
the
and
accurate
as
school
the
are
itself. This
calendar
the
tables
at
the
sun
In
our
eclipsed.
Energies
levitate
toward
common
air.
On
the
face,
sur-
of
the
photographic impressions
become
beneath.
more
or
If
less obscured.
The
obscuring
THE
IN
object,or
here.
ecHpsor,is
the
It is in the earth's
PRESS.
DAII,Y
but
is
the
is
disc
round; thus
'shadow*
would
be
to
appear
to
necessary
angular
rect-
square;
'shadow'
consequently the
and
it is not
see
actuallycuts ofiEth
be forced into
round,
we
It
passingin
disc
mercurial
"
63
thing of particular
question
the
crust
that
suppose
the
few
current
as
the anode
sun
in
miles
a
causing
very
rays
by
occurs
diameter
dense
X-ray
reason
of
the
as
effectuallybreaks
disc would
in the
of
eclipse
an
that
cut
apparatus.
sun
off the
cathode
eclipseof
The
conjunction of
by a reflex of
the
sun
its
and
own
or
the
moon,
self,or
The
its shadow.
Circumnavis^ation
about
''How
the
so
called
of the
Qlobe.
of
circumnavigation
the
globe ?"
the outside
sustain
the
latitude,and longitude to
all
As
as
same
relations
pointson
the
as
concave
to
distance,
surface.
there
on
would
are
point with
sailingaround
same
same
164
THK
and
motion
and
the
through
to
oceans
COSMOGONY.
circumnavigation is simple
fraught with the diflBcultyof getting
Our
space.
is
stay
do you
**How
CELLULAR
the outside.**
on
explain what
call
we
?*'
gravitation
descends
from
all
tendency
to
supply of the
fuel, the
shell.
earth's
of the
sun*s
The
The
universe.
from
farthest
other
Hence
the
released, and
when
These
sun.
All
of space.
of rest.
the
surround
forced
are
to
stance
sub-
plane of
of
material
every
the
the
central
ponderate
substances
of
a
miaterialize and
substances
heaviest
the
sun;
arrangement,
equilibrationof
lightest substances
or
the perpetuation
gravity
specific
of
means
extremes
their
planes
rising
substances
phenomena of some
left without
others descending when
support.**
"What
causes
sailingfrom
ship'shull
to
annihilates
space,
When
space
the
the
equal
when
disappear first
the vessel is
shore?'*
to the
ship's hull
a^
it were,
between
to
the
within
same
two
thing
railroad tracks.
vanishing point of
from
that
that
the
vertical space
will
No.
DIAGRAM
This
illuitrates
Diagram
DIAGRAM
No.
"
*'The
Illustrating
i."
meaflurements
principle, not
trae
to
Lawfr|
Soalt;mf.
in the KoC
DIAGRAM
No.
3."
the Illusio^
Illustrating
"
3 1 X
I L
is"j
CobcavitjT
DIAGRAM
No.
4.
"
Comprehensive
View
of the
Geodetic
Air
Iviue,showing
u|
pl
PLY
25. la
"35K5;:-.^=
4Mitl"l
**"lek
Mt
of
Ite
utroMaaMMI
'XL
a
over
C.
fft
-'"
"
UrTMlrg^TTin?
-n
Digitized
by
\pAaBS2S.nJ6.l
ia.
if*
IK
^^wsopnists, witn
'-^J^
piaoeti^;
^^^"
^^
earth
to
vanish
great,
"^^^^
about
itjiow
Comets
**
There
longer
comets
return.
is
great
small
are
not
can
vessel
we
and
lenses
life from
else?"
do
to
the
will
all
something
conclusions
of
impossible.**
lenticular
"
^broken
"
the
central
frequent
not
see
solar
do
of
the
crystallic
They
not
and
of
sphere.
feed
comets.
Some
periodic
appearances
as
across
belts
into
plunge
the
reflections
up
They
variety of
so
?"
that
things
They
others"
than
realized
manifestation.
and
**Wliy
hollow
of
efforts
of
comets?"
through
cycles
space
the
anywhere
to
futile
absurd
spirating about
energies
have
but
generally
are
are
rays
sun's
^^ is
old systems
the
Jupiter"
^^^1 meant,
evolution
tneir
comet
the
sun.
cycles
of
are
some
others.**
the
hollow
globe,
like
fly
in
THE
IN
sails above
invisible;all the
become
PRESS.
DAILY
Extend
that
horizontal
the visual
visual
with
power
**No
They
little focal
are
spheres in
real
focalize
They
the
Their
are
well
it is
great, when
their
the
old systems
**Comets
are
small
through
rays
absurd
and
"
and
lenses
There
is
longer
comets
are
**Why
a
hollow
others"
not
can
vessel?"
so
we
the
see
"
else?
the
the
on
of life from
evolution
do
will
"
all
something
conclusions
of
reflections of the
belts
up
solar
They
do
into
of
and
feed
Some
periodic
appearances
across
others.'
the
crystallic
sphere. They
not
fly ofiE into
comets.
frequentas
not
on
central
plunge
great variety of
than
above
plan-ets,little
Mars; Tesla, with
that
^broken
"
the
They
return.
center.
atmospheres
lenticular
cycles of manifestation.
space
earth,
impossible.*'
things
usual
?'*
the comets
about
*'How
sun's
are
to the
anywhere
realized
generally
the
in the
futile efforts to
but
meant,
sky.
is very
imaginary people
to
"
as
the
his canals
in
concave
indicate
names
communications
his chimerical
seen
the
diameter
concept
energies in
with
planes. Schiaparelli,
in
discs of mercury
their
what
are
is
partiallymaterialized
energy,
like the
planets are
sun's
there
up
see
between
us.
planets we
points of
of combustion.
process
The
theory.
away,
Populated.
Not
Jupiter is nothing
small.
They
the
not
"
the
planets inhabited?"
of the
any
65
comet
the
sun.
cycles are
of
some
'
hollow
globe,
like
fly
in
66
THE
**
different
We
little farther
but
the limit of
causes
and
moon,
sun,
and
of
atmosphere
our
and
the environ
is
limit
or
infinite
no
things
that
is
exists
it is
There
is
is
dimension
is
the outside
There
at
absurd
on
as
to
problem
is not
what
Nothing
will
reveal
the outside
on
substance
"
extend
cannot
how
matter
sufficient thought
person,
the
universe
existence.
no
eternally. No
be to the average
this may
the
extend
could not
all; matter
be.
couldn't
of
ness,
heat, cold, light,dark-
no
"
is
of
factor
if the
Hence
of
There
nothing.
and
there
limit
Outside
condition, entity,qualityof
^temperature,
nothing.
tion
junc-
Limitation
limited,beyond which
on
is
measure
factor of existence.
nothing
The
the
near
exists.
existence, there
it is definite.
to
hydrogen.
globe you
all that
Space
space.
are;
form; form
of
our
hydrogen
is the circumference"the
It environs
universe.
the
of
hydrogen.'*
of
sea
vision.
blue, and
appear
daily, are
see
we
to
of
are
stratum
above
the
They
light and
upper
the
is on
*'What
the
beyond
that
stars
of
rays
between
vision
our
all within
obscure
than
effect of refraction
The
intervene.
atmospheres
They refract
density.
see
air.
the
Because
COSMOGONY.
CEI.I.UI.AR
fact that
conclusions
our
and
reasonable, logical,
are
absolute."
of
Theory
do
"What
*'That
his
being;
will need
The
says
to
necessary
and
this
hold
with
reference
universe
the
He
Almighty.
be
you
Creation.
is
eternal
that it is his
him
as
now,
consequently,
footstool.
processes
to the
are
Creation
now
can
as
eternal
and
footstool,
the
he
"
creation?'*
ultimate
always
it
the
as
to
seems
pediment
has
is continuous
and
of
always
and
nal.
eter-
of the
accu-
THE
IN
PRESS.
DAILY
We
accept Moses*
It will
ago.
As
times.
again, and
occur
to
recreation,which
supperts
occurred
has
always
was;
it must
have
re-creation.**
mean
the
of years
millions of
thousands
of creation
account
67
is created.
that which
rate
position?'*
pended;
supported ^itneeds no support. It is susit is dependent upon
The center of the
its center.
It is the
earth is the terminal point of interior space.
absolute pivot. Job says the Almighty 'stretched the north
the empty place and hung the earth upon nothing*
out over
did not hang it
He
the absolute pivotal center.
upon
long threads of gravic something. There is nothing
upon
**It is not
"
"
outside
to
of
out
attract
the
only space
**What
the
central
of
daily orbital
shines
day
upon
sun
we
central
do
would
so
night?**
sun
see
is
side and
dark
refocalization of the
rotates
one
on
to make
projected sun
of 360 degrees. The
projectedsun
of the concave
sphere at any given
sweep
half
one
alternations of
IS THE
The
half
of Mexico
dark.
In
this way,
THEORY
ALL
Staff,recentlyengaged
and
and
have
we
night.**
COPERNICAN
Geodetic
obtained
and
day
body of mystics
has
and
sphere is light on
Gulf
To
move
four
its
The
The
sun.
"
never
cause
other.
"
it can
hence
coast
of Florida
on
WRONG?
surveys
in connection
on
with
Koreshan
the
the
Unity,
narily
Martlingly contradictoryof the ordiThey have suspended the plumbaccepted notions.
results
have
extended
an
air
68
THB
line which
They
COSMOGONY.
the earth
invariablystrikes
claim
the
to
result of the
it will be
demonstrated
have
to
eight inches
The
CELLULAR
mile,
rather
(or
the
that
convexly,
not
of
investigations
earth
but
sea).
the
curves
concgtvely.
in
"Parallax'*
England,
irreconcilable
with
the
take
the
remembered,
also
were
Copemican theory.
Will
matter
the
not
up
and
show
wherein
investigators? Ordinary
cannot
answer.
men
"
Cellular
Demonstrates
Cosmogony
the
of
Astronomy
Earth's
of
attitude
evinces
the
Concavity,
is
tendencies, and
are
world
the
the
are
of all
the battle-axes
'
the
systems
and
The
Bible
defense
not
offered
is ''intended
to
and
of
theories
'highercriticism."
Bible
Environ.
Bible,
the
the
mogony
cos-
system,
science
decidedly atheistical in
hypotheses
of
Earth, Sun,
the
popular astronomical
prevailingin
the
of
of the Firmamental
between
the
upon
Relations
scientist toward
modem
fact that
the
founded
there
the
Truth
the
Scriptures.
the
THE
it,and
are
these
of
mistake
The
The
lies the
now
their
they involve
The
theology'*
**new
atheism
cry of all
of
IngersoU,
scientific.
in the orthodox
be
pulpitis,that
and
religious,
not
the
scientific
to write
THB
I70
does
logian
CBLI^UI^R
not
the
to
prove
scientifically
accurate, and
that
is
Bible
the
scientists cannot
that
the
A
is
prove
hand, the
nomical
astro-
admittedly
poor
not
other
the
on
system
uncertain, and
hypothesis,is a
mere
consequently he does
is correct.
and
inaccurate
inspired;while
prove
system
COSMOGONY.
to
folly and
sheer
a
mogul
the
as
plumb-lineof wisdom, by
of
concept
there is
that
possibility
which
facts
the
the
also corroborate
Bible and
Koreshan
the same,
are
the
of the
well
as
Any
the
as
of the
to cover
the
the laws
of the
form
ground,
of the
and
True
theology
astronomy,
to
be
and
Bible.
Thus
how
he
the
science
cannot
be
neither
in harmony
can
with
is the
form, but
both
science
cosmology and
must
one
the
and
with
mogony
cos-
raphy.
cosmog-
the
deal not
of
Bible
"
only with
connect, unmistakably,
expression in cosmic
stands
upon
of cosmogony
linked
the true
the
find
necessarilybe the
show
we
Theology
true
science
perpetuity;it must
it must
Indeed,
earth's
must
"
only in
scientific theories.
prevailing
science of
same
fallacy,
fallacyof modern
science,to be in harmony
in order
form
the
the
universe
science
opposed to
science
be
modem
is correct, not
demonstrate
science
to
teachings.
only demonstrate
science, not
The
in all its
but
its cosmogony,
Bible
the
late
to formu-
If the
be proven
called,can
be
accept such
which
our
of science, so
system
that
height of credulity to
the
to
attempt
with
are
his footstool.
inseparable.
fallacious
theory of
science of creation be
false
conceptionof
the
seen
func-
GtOB"
'TH^.HOttOW
of
the
and
its
and
perfect.
tions
mind
expressionin
clearlyand
the
between
the
to
be
must
of
laws
establishes
the
of
perpetuity
science
premise of
basic
also
sion,
expres-
principlesof
the
and
plete
com-
point
not
of cosmic
source
established
the
divine
the
world
truth, not
of
I7I
unmistakably
becomes
this relation
all
called
so
BlBI.^.
is not
that
relation
the material
and
this out
The
Creator.
*tKU
AND
of
the
universal
science
and
being
existence.
find
We
laws
the
what
of
mystery
of creation
about
and
God
of
between
use
cannot
The
design of
that
with
ocean
been
we
the
live
on
is
between
revealing
it cannot
any
point
specific
has
It
world
of
its aims
taught
and
the
organic unity.
and
purposes,
of the Bible !
Systems
Compared.
matter,
of
mass
pared
outside; that the earth, com-
universe, is but
of infinite space,
true
nothing
world.
surrounding
crust
far from
material
Copernican
and
nothing
"
the Author
that it is
the
ing
noth-
it contains
being;
of
source
harmony
has
world
as
great
it knows
in it to suggest
universe
the
Koreshan
fire,and
and
that
is convex;
"
God
show
The
of the divine
of
the
creation,it contains
nothing
the laws
the
perpetuity. As
form;
indicates
solve the
to
point out
not
is
for
Hence, there is no
and
nothing
physical creation,it is
functions
that
astronomy
"
of cosmic
There
relation
no
science
of
of
laws
the laws
the laws
out
the
the
about
laws
the
are
It does
Being.
existence,nor
about
in modern
nothing
having
been
mere
speck
evolved
in the
through
vast
a
pro-
THB
172
of
cess
from
development
of
mass
rotation
the
of
The
earth
placesthe
sun
miles
the
It
year.
one
tains
main-
earth, and
the
revolves
sun
in
sun
from
twenty-four
in
once
the
around
92,000,000
around
thab
its axis
the
teaches
popular system
upon
its revolution
hours, and
ing
of revolution of the burn-
vortex
sun.
the
COSMOGONY.
CELLULAR
family of planetsand
satellites.
Relatively,the
earth
and
center
it knows
their
and
the
all
an
of
is
hypothesis.
of its
^itis
"
are
no
to
Its laws
must
is full of
infinityof
universe, it
be
definite
no
of the true
"
having
idea
no
men
grandeur
in the
necessities
The
to
sums
up
find
From
study of such
edge
the knowl-
as
as
the modem
of the
the claims
from
nothing;
cosmic
it there
in possession
being
not
form
and
purpose,
and
function
designof
the
dazzling orbs;
that which
uncertain
reached;
to the cause,
to
from
cult.
diffi-
it fills no
the
it is
wants,
times; the
capable
of
and
meets
no
will
theory
putting forth
"
!
Koreshan
the universe
limited
vagaries.
conception of
as
as
problem;
question equally
full of freaks
exigencies of
nor
accomplish only
nothing
as
conclusions
seek
universe,
is
be
scientist knows;
great unsolved
worlds.
filled with
called
be learned
nothing
scientific mind
can
out
limitless,with-
be
to
ocean
so
existence
advocates; it is
the
vast
one
things is today
purpose
There
is held
miles
nineteen
of about
rate
infinite space;
circumference, filling
without
relations
originof
the
universe
bounds
no
What
it at
The
second.
per
the
about
moving
is the center
sun
is
System maintains
unit; it is
to the dimensions
the
great law
of
an
and
demonstrates
that
alchemico-organicstructure,
of 8,000 miles
analogy, we
diameter.
hold
that
ing
Accordits form
is
THE
GLOBE
HOI.I.OW
ovo!
voltaic
miles
ICO
the
pile,
supply of the
the earth
emplaced
atmospheres. At
revolve
of the
the
The
the
sun
energies
tained
main-
see, has
we
from
spheres of
in
the
Koreshan
what
they
laws
of
and
the
above
universe.
prove
The
laws
us;
Their
their
energy
The
crust.
is essential to
limit
outermost
earth is the
moon,
sun,
they are
and
tively
relastars
inseparably
functions, as
utilityand
form
of
only physical
and
planets,
of cosmic
stars
magneto-electric
concave
The
System,
are.
the
sphere of
and
footstool,
ultimate
with
the
on
the
no
stationary,while
connected
from
world; it has
path
reflected from
energy
is
earth's
the
is eternal; it is God's
expressionof
orbital
an
moon
planets and
the
its
center, rotatingon
at the
in the
All of the
the
negative circumference;
the
to
energies generated
move
which
with
and
tion
engendered through the rela-
are
planets are
metallic disci in
whole
the
positivepole of
around
sun,
is located
proper
ecliptic.The
derived
the three
perpetuated.
sun
focal
the strata
the
axis;its projection,
are
minerals,
surface of
concave
find the
we
positivecenter
great complex
and
The
twenty-four hours.
physical universe
of
ex
of the
Superimposed upon
the center
in
and
vivum
cmne
"
battery,
galvano-magnetic
fuel.
sun's
is habitable.
alone
173
in
cell
of metals
earth's shell,composed
is about
BIBLE.
THE
AND
defined
strate
demon-
and
tion"the
funcof the
"^^^
174
COSMOOONy.
CELI.ULAR
of
demonstrations
questionof
The
the
rakayia
The
world.
The
livingon
of unenclosed
explanation of
no
ridiculed Moses'
solid shell
said:
'*
Don't
the
only
be
observe
gravity of
specific
in
have
to be
reached
seek
few
all
facts
than
constitute
the
in nature, and
form.
the
Proctor
he
wTote
another
wrote
substances, to know
to rise above
afford
that
has
book
Substances
it.
heavier
who
man
are
infinity
an
foundation
demonstrated.
scientifically
the universal
atmosphere
universe;
that the
know
we
can
direction,
and
universe, can
to
earth, with
enclosing the
metallic strata
such
that
because
enclosingthe
conceptionof astronomy
you
are
environ,it means
Scripturalfirmament.
the
but
plates or
means
astronomy,
in every
of
laminae,
plates or
of the
extending
space
the
is constructed
the universal
of modem
conclusions
first
firmament
word
The
meaning; but
surrounding and
strata
or
its
hammered-out
means
Environ.
is used.
the expanse
Applied to
shells
metallic
the
only conveys
to beat.
of metal.
strata
an
conveys
of which
Rakayia
rakah^
"firmament**
suggestiveof
is
word
from
geodetic
settles
Circumferential
word
solids.
the
is
the
word
Hebrew
and
concavity, and
the earth's
Firmament
syllableof
geometric
of the Bible.
inspiration
the
In the Bible
of
in its
and
corroborates
Koreshan.System
ScripturalCosmogony
the
revealed
scientifically
When
they
ascertain
their
have
the
ment
emplace-
lighterthan
the
lightersubstances
cease
atmosphere
We
of
seek
to ascend.
to go
below
stances
Subthe
THB
HOLLOW
GLOBE
planes in which
The
not
they
The
is the
sun
in
energies generated
other
qualitiesof
it.
consequently descend
The
surround
center, and
solar
obtain
from
materialize at the
The
of metallic and
of
and
one
hundred
about
which
the
plane
material
constitute
distinct
is
crust
The
is
are
thus
and
distant
equithat
sphere
or
shell,composed
of the earth
seven
twelve
the
of earth
By processes of contraction
and
substance
universe
diameter.
geologic strata
platesbeat
strata,
or
strata
placement
em-
^theheaviest outermost.
or
and
planes
strata; the
mineral
8,000 miles
five mineral
upon
The
universe
center
to
gravity; they
specific
deposition of each
gravic
is about
of their
constitutingeach
center, thus
of all
"
the
of the
arrangement
circle of
from
the
and
relations
the
lightersubstances
all substances
of
of
the circumference.
the
thousands
and
gravitate from
or
is composed.
which
Light, heat,
and
solar
lowest
throughout
on
so
the universe
from
center
the
to
gravitateto the
that, and
of which
as
lighter above
next
T75
forever,but only
point,the
BIBLE.
and
down
go
THE
AND
sion
dimen-
metallic
foundations
founded.. Mic.
i:io; Jer.xxxi:37.
nae
expansion, these lami-
decompose
and
recompose
each
The
the
rakayia or
strata
**
are,
there
them
of
firmament
the
of
could be
earth's
no
of
tions.
stellar reflec-
shell, therefore,
heaven,*' in which
the
are
stars
176
CELLULAR
THK
set
are
and
the sun,
Through
formed.
or
through
the
the
the
"
beneath.
sliedupon
water*
the
Gravic
depositedin
are
holds
salt water
of the
the
supply
The
of the
the
the
sun*s
of the
deposit
where
in
mates
ozone
the
of
levic
is
estab-
Superimposed
upon
strata, upon
crust,
and
at
solution
so
same
gold,
the
gold
the
and
the
seven
are
and
seas.
ments
called ele-
so
The
waters
sediment.
are
derived
from
the
instance,the action
sodium
of the water,
the calcium
and
other
to
the
gravic
solutions.
Earth's
metallic
substances
corresponding
meet
other
laid the
particles.
their
meet
Hand**
stances
sub-
continuallybeing
as
for
as
gold
the
thence
rays
which
earth*
oceans
depositswhere
cathode
His
tific
scien-
recomposing
water.
energies ascending
of
^Hollow
mineral
from
solar
energiesholding the
The
the
upon
sodium,
the
in
the
earth
rays;
sun
the
all of the
substances
of these
of the
hold
in the
of
chloride of sodium
the
meets
the
support
elements
chlorine
and
seas
and
of
of
waters
elements
producingthe saline,and
As
waters
material, depositingthe
actinic action
the
atmospheres
in solution
the
the
become
thus
the
energies
universe, and
from
recomposed
the
upon
of
conjunction
silver,zinc, copper,
mercury,
Thus
founded
beating, decomposing,
surface.
**
is
the substances
stratify
which
at
gen
hydro-
floods,**
(Psa. xxiv:2; cxxxvi:6) is a
The
processes
obtain
earth
the
fact.
from
of
i:6,14-17.
Gen.
Tphat the
(the sea
divided
are
gies
ener-
ment,
of the firma-
means
the firmament**
producer)
water
energiesfrom
above
waters
the reflection of
consequently by
COSMOGONY.
Concavity.
strata
are
five
geologic strata,
178
THE
its interior
in
world
which
are
of
strata
earth
are
The
in contour
consequently conform
the
waters
are
hath
**He
'compassed.**
hast
borders
all the
set
places]of
the earth.**
The
The
of the
til
the
extension
which
that
and
a
line at
surface at
a
a
The
extension
absolute
demonstration
of
complete corroboration
arc
indicated in the
*
*It is he
compass,
compass
and
the
Scriptures,
may
that
sphere] of
sitteth
the
on
of such
cosine
earth's
given
with
be
the
earth**
such
line from
of which
extend
into
is the
concavity,
seen
arc
and
chord
from the
circle
and
cerning
conare
following:
the
ratio of
That
chord.
maintained
by known
of which
of
cosmic
perpendicular.This
the
of the
of
years
arc, the
extremities
the water
the
laws
in contact
come
circle,
System,
perpendicularat
the
to
of
arc
circumference
and
relations
true
the
**Thou
is,that
Cosmogony
distance determined
with
enclosed
of the Koreshan
will
rectiline,
Founder
right angles
as
Koreshan
for twenty-seven
function, has
point,extended
water*
the
passed
com-
Arc.
of
completes the
The
having discovered
Chord
miles.
25,000
form
to
Ixxiviiy.
the
and
foundation
of
[gebulah, enclosures,
Psa.
Arc
any
about
is
rest
concave
with which
the
the waters
the
which
waters
COSMOGONY.
the
concave;
CBI.I.XJI,AR
the
**He
set
face of the
THE
GI^OBE
HOI.LOW
The
'
upon
directions
circle upon
arc,
'Where
strata]*
wast
earth?
the solar
10),the
line, with
the
of cosmic
form, the
times
of modern
universe, the
the
"
ring set
or
curving in
plane; they
and
more
embrace
the
The
sphere.
(Isa.xliv:24),
of the
[environ,robes,
measures
upon it?*
xxi:i3; Zech.
making
one
form
with the
plumb-line in his
one
bringing the
KoRKSH,
of
*man
that stands
one
line
circular
79
**com-
hath
thereof, or who
The
^'circle*'and
compass,
laid the
sphere.
hand
BIBLE.
its foundations
when
hath
Who
thou
circular
words
mean
limit, environ,
of
idea
than
THE
AND
hand'*
by
plumb-
(Amos
vii:7),
"
of the
knowledge
laws
remarkable
the most
covery
disof the
one
plumb-line and
level,will
wise
*'tum
ward
back-
men
knowledge foolishness"
(Isa.xliv:25-
righteousness
their
and make
to
plummet;
the
shall stand
ally, by
or
the
away
sweep
and
the
and
the
**measure
extension
of arc, in demonstration
In
and
[crystallized
truth] shall
(Isa.xxvii: 15-21); He
refuge of lies"
Where
Scripture usage,
(Hab. iii:6)geodetic-
the earth"
of
rectiline,**stretchingthe
What
hail
the
horizontal
line
it"
upon
are
the
the
*'air line,"
as
as
the
!
contour
Physical Heavens
heavens
are
above
chord
us
(Ex.
Science, all
Job xxviii:24;xxxvii:3); in Koreshan
extend through the heavens, converging at
perpendiculars
xx:4;
l8o
THE
the astral
is
sphere]of
arc,
passeth the
are
conveyed in,
**He
walketh
in
with
heavens
and
and
being
of
different
admit
of
direct
statute, limitation,
[chuqqah^
domain
fillthe
evidenced
solar
used
in the
Bible
the
there
of
are
atmospheres
one
heaven,
outer
than
heavens
more
than
more
the
do
not
the
the word
these
I^ike curtains
center.
expanse
limit
fact that
the
12).
surround
sphericalin form,
and
of the
the
That
by
com-
between
These
the earth.
density
beyond
atmosphere.
'He
2), and
interveningspace
of
vision
xii:
(II Cor.
atmospheres which
three
circumference
is
xxii:i4);
Job
heaven'*
circuit
the
are
cir-
spherical,
in another
three heavens
round
sur-
three
are
?''
the heavens
heavens
There
three
heavens
the ordinances
thou
**Knowest
The
circle, sphere] of
\_chug,arc,
not
the earth
but
popular system,
heavens.
the
this idea
and
do
heavens
Consequently,the
center.
cumferentiates
COSMOGONY.
CEI^LUI^AR
is
one,
(plural)is
'heavens"
hundred
our
or
and
twenty-five
times.
The
heavens
the space
occupy
contain
the
through
energiesof
which
the
the
universe; they
energiesgenerated
the
the
heavens
which
or
or
are
levic
the
supplied
and
term
up;
moon,
maintained
the
gravitate;
planets, and
by
heavens
the
"
are
lighterthan
it,the substances
of which
which
the
are
levitated,
are
what
"heaved-up
means
earth, and
the heavens
stars,
ascending
implies shamayim^
things." They
above
sun,
energies;the energiesof
heaved
the
contain
in
are
hence
are
composed
lev-
THK
ity. The
limit
which
to
center
itself;the
to the
solar
atmosphere surrounding
is the
sphere
The
the lowest.
the
The
Koreshan
the
**Ivetthere be
the
day from
and
universal
the
the
and
let them
Two
stars
being,
there
shine
upon
the rotation
not
of
The
lightand
meaning
for
ness
darkof the
to
divide
signs and
for seasons,
and
the
sun
of
ministrant
of heaven
be
and
night (Gen.
shemesh, is
firmament
in
their reference
light to
sun,
shell.
Hebrew
days and
sons,
sea-
'*He
knoweth
his
of the
great
central
sun
being
the
positivepole
receptive form,
of
heavenly
heavens
and
moon,
of the
night, and
moon
Motion.
the
the
day
radiates
of the
lightsin
circumference,the
powers
that
of the alternations
the
the
for
down"
The
to
sun,
of combustion, in which
which
surface
appointedthe
going
the
stationaryearth.
sun,
centers
cause
from
sun,
in
rule
the
revolution
earth, is the
upon
to
from
The
the earth.
word
to
and
Location
maintains
"lights"
cxxxvi:8),
generated,and
the
phere
atmos-
according
Scriptures also,in
made
great lightswere
is
our
us,
of these
i:16,17; Psa.
^Their
"
The
above
orbs
movement
not
and
relation
in
move
the
in their
System
twenty-four hours.
to
contig^uous
of the heavens
seen
Stars
and
Moon,
bodies
and
constellations.
and
Sun,
highest heaven,
motion
be
Scriptures,may
moon,
levitate is the
substances
these
l8l
BIBLK.
THE
AND
GI.OBE
HOI.I.OW
the
is the
atmospheres, the
(refocalized)upon
the
upper
central
stratum
the
Through
mother.
the moon,
of
sun
our
the
is
refractive
projected
atmosphere.
82
THE
The
central
is
of
the
the
The
strata.
The
the great
real
is
we
The
physicalheavens.
in the
light directly,as
the
light of
qualitiesof
solar
the
obvious
either
moon,
sun,
the
that if the
relation to material
the
was
sun
sun
and
sun
were
things.
in motion
began motion
ended.
motion
From
in
the
moon
we
the
and
sun
lightof its
in
see
shine borrowed
system;
from
stars
that
sun
the
in
not
own,
thousands
of
is no
well-known
incident of
(Josh.x:i2,i3).
If the
stopped for
sun
its
*'went
Referring
moon
not
It is
down**
to
stood
the
is
fundamental
a
whole
when
standing still;
striking
more
has
again,it
and
motion^ the
symbolism
previousto
its orbit.
in
in
are
There
by Joshua
ridiculouslyfalse,or
day, it was
like the
stoppingof
shell,
energies,after utilization,
transmutation,
Scripturesemphaticallydeclare.
the
the
geologic
tires
not
being derived
moon
metamorphosis in
That
does
Copemican
places
the
focalization of each
moon
of
of the earth's
two
are
moon
dark
sun
or
is
moon
sphere of crystal-
lightand
see
we
mirrors,
concave
moon
gravosphere or X-ray
is the laminae
moon
its outermost
visible moon
(Isa.iii:i8). The
moon**
and
The
circumference; this
is
crust, hence
to
sun.
the
hence
the
center
upon
the
the
physical heavens,
which
upon
surface.
picture
in
strata
force in the
lie energy,
earth'
projectedfrom
reflected from
projectedor
sphere of
COSMOGONY.
metallic
the
is
sun
focal
see
CEI*I*UI.AR
sun
this
and
had
the
an
day
ual
habit-
incident
the
back
by his
THE
means?**
GI^OBE
HOI.I.OW
his time
*'In
the
Eccl. xlvi:i;xlviii:23). A
"And
II Ki. xx:ii,
ten
he
The
be
of the
handiwork.
[passingover
In them
Their line
he set
bridegroom coming
strong
to run
man
ends
the
unto
course.**
Apoc.,
The
it.**
of
but
Copemican system;
thus
of vision,and
of the words
and
features
is in
ascends
in the
evening, but
goeth
sun
down
arose**
of cosmic
Bible
with
does
morning
that
is as
rejoicethas
as
the
in his
sun
it
comes
not
and
in
surface, as
convex
sun
coming into
A
Scriptureswith
harmony
Scriptures. The
and
which
explained
in all other
**The
the
by the
in the
used
[Heb. tequphah,revolution]
sunrise, as
above
apparent sunrise
with
through
Koreshan
out
his
iv:34.
of
phenomenon
showeth
Also, **Swift
I Esdr.
*'The heavens
firmament
chamber,
his circuit
heaven, and
of the
tain
con-
His
race.
they
every
of his
out
the orbs
[meridian]is gone
tabernacle
Isa. xxxviii:8.
and
the
in the
degrees,
ten
19th Psalm:
down
gone
returned
heavens
in
shadow
sun
in the sublime
seen
the
declare
he
the
83
(Apoc.
is found
occurrence
down.**
gone
backward'*
it had
movement
may
the
similar
brought
degrees it was
by which
BIBLE.
went
sun
dial of Ahaz.**
sun
THE
AND
earth,
in the
sphere
our
critical analysis
reference
to
as
corroborative
convey
goes
into
rise
sun-
well
the
as
mogony
Cosof
the
view,
or
as
descends
in
in Eccle. 1:5;
ariseth
zarach
rise,this word
as
in
they
which
used
to
means
with
in, as
lyuke
iv:40;
to go in, not
[(Jwo),
To
not
determine
by the
current
and
demonstration.
the
correct; Korksh,
sole
sun
and
*'go down/'
reference
*'And
down]
go
when
even
the
of which
Koreshan
Scriptures. The
the
divine
word
bo,
the
*'When
Also
the
in Mark
sun
Bible
was
and
interpreterand expositor !
are
be
must
popular fallacy,but by
The
evening,
sun
1:32,
set'*
its accuracy,
and
at
sun
at
places
some
the Hebrew
xviiy,
over
of the heavens.
in
and
out
goes
arc
the
to
Gen.
beyond the
passes
hydrogen
in
employed in
obscurity;it
many
defends
The
also in Gen.
tive
System is corrobora-
erroneously from
go
\bd\;
wenfdown*'
of
sea
words
translated
are
times;
the earth.**
on
Scriptureterms
into
goes
the
Wherever
are
of the
phenomenon.
vision and
**set/* etc.,
forth
come
in the Koreshan
beyond the
the earth
shall
sun
of
scores
iiiriy;
Job ix:7; Gen.
iv:8; Nah.
usage
to this
of
sphere
Bible
2.
lyikewise,sunset
reference
in the
is used
civ:22; Jonah
Psa.
COSMOGONY.
CEI^LULAR
1*HE
84
tested,
system
of
lute
susceptibleof abso-
ally
System alone scientificBible
natural
is
scientifically
is its
scientist,
86
run
If the
COSMOGONY.
CBLLUI.AR
accept
to be received.
"
"
'^scientist,
"
my
"
Professor
Harkness, of the
can
him
United
States
Naval
if the
asked
Pact
and
Observatory,
predicated
something.
not
*'
the conclusion
Differentiated.
Phenomenon
to the
principleof optics in its application
definition of the phenomenon
of the rotundityof the earth, as
illustration of correct reasoningfrom an established premise,
an
School of Science.
as followed
by the logicianof the Koreshan
Let
us
take the
herewith
We
illustrations of the
Plate
as
IV.) Two
in the
case
our
accompany
principlesinvolved
lines may
of the
be extended
two
with
argument
rails of
diagrammatic
in the argument.
(See
The
grams
dia-
sustainingan
unwarrantable
'^scientific"
theory. If any
man
187
ADDENDUM
is too
investigate another's
make
any impression ; or if he
is so wedded
to a theory because
his grandfather believed in it,
that he will not change his opinion for the truth's sake, he will
there
naturallypass this argument by ; but for the honest man
is only one
alternative.
The
two
lines,a f^ extending the length of diagram i,
Plate
be
IV, may
taken
In
the facts
as
of the space
at each
end
are
to
to
mean
the
major premise of
they are, not as they
at both
ends
just five
feet
of the
five feet
These
apart.
From
measurement.
are
The
appear.
apart. There
We
so
facts of
to Cy in either
railroad,
volved
in-
propositionare
is
wish
far
ment
measure-
track shows
this
element
no
to
thoroughly
have
we
of
not
had
cates
direction,the track indi-
mile
to be
proven
tific"
not
logician,in that we
from an assumption.
we
work
Principles of Perspective
The
reason
fact.
purpose
for
an
appearance,
does
Why
point 9Xc
of this
Note
the
to the arrow
differ from
from
part of the
which
is
in
ordinary**scien-
demonstrated
the
and
the
Vanishing
premise
"
Point.
argument
is to show
the
direct
oppositionto
the
at F F,
space five feet wide
appear
the dotted
lines beginning at S S, and
as
tending
ex-
I88
THE
retina.
If
we
lines vanish
These
; for this
marked
CELI*UI*AR
COSMOGONY.
the
at
they appear
reason
point npon
to
to
come
point at
c.
these appearances,
ignoring the facts and
assumptions upon
laws of optics. The
objects^ // are in fact at ^^, as represented
in diagram i, Plate IV, but they appear
to be at ^.
We
to
are
f
rom
facts
of
the
distinguishthe facts of reality
appearance^ and
show
the character
these ances
appearled the short-sighted ''scientists" into their aggregate
have
of the
of errors, which
Thus
far there
no
how
shown
have
We
by
is
and
appearances,
is annihilated
space
in appearance
of distal
the law
itable
perspective; that foreshorteningis an inevthat these laws are totallyiglaw of optics,and we hold
nored
scientific
called
The
astronomer.
by every so
pseudo
astronomy upon
deluded
It will be remembered
to
public without
that
diagram
perpetualprotest.
Plate IV,
representsthe
If
middle
track, it will
seem
of
five feet
"
rail extend
be
seen
to blend
vanished
to
the
with
mere
the
distance
midway
between
entire
length
the
two
other
point,at
line. The
appears like a mere
in perspectivethe more
rapidly it vanishes
five feet wide
across
the track
the two
of the
rails
line,or
rails at c; the
r, therefore
broader
space
the space
by distal extense,
shown
in
189
ADDENDUM.
Geodetic
Perspective and
Observations.
subjoin a second
of truth.
take
the
3, Plate
(SeeDiagram
IV.)
diagram, A A ; we
A from
the point D, but the principleof
the objectsto appear
foreshorteningcauses
the lower
line of
the second
points A
perspectiveor distal
at the points B B.
This
is not due to refraction,but it is due
from
to distal foreshortening;the space
A to K has contracted
and foreshortened
law is operative, and
This
to the point B.
in the atmosphere, ethereal,or on
appliesto all space whether
the surface of the earth, terrestrial. If the line A A in diagram
face,
sursurface,or a concave
3 representeda flat surface, a convex
the phenomenon
the same
would be practically
ity
; a convexmile would
to the
not
or concavity of only eight inches
appreciably affect the opticalillusion. If the so called scientist
is asked the question.Why
does the earth viewed from a balloon
look like a bowl ? he will tell you
it is because of atmospheric
refraction.
If the laws
uniform
an
atmosphere
we
to
not
of
expect
be outside
3, is two
feet
the line A
above
objectat
A,
law
is the
or
A,
distance
line
will
feet, three
of the
but
be
to
appears
down
the
shown
The
feet
two
mile
or
tion.
direc-
feet and
distance.
any
the
less
the
principlenor alter
cross-pieceat P is seen
because
at B,
than
at B" in either
seen
miles,
phenomenon.
less
change
not
of
be
whether
same
character
COSMOGONY.
the
at
the lower
on
The
a
CELLULAR
THE
IQO
the
and
standard,
half.
at
shortened
P, is fore-
have
We
optical phenomena
the
far
thus
with
connected
assumed
have
We
of Minor
Specific Statement
We
or
prepared to state
separated by narrow
are
now
surfaces
Proposition.
minor
proposition. Lines
broad
or
spaces,
extended
"
be taken
as
surface
; that
of these
one
surfaces, and
is,a visual
optical line.
or
feet above
the horizon
is
seen
on
and
level with
extend
line
If
stand twenty
we
look toward
the
If
eye.
this
over
the
a
horizon,
roof could
be
rise to
drop
planes
to
level with
level with
to a
are
extended
the upper
rise to
the
the
surface
level with
and
the eye,
the
or
eye,
of the
or
that
surface would
plane, the
lower
just
the
It would
but
would
principleof foreshortening.
appear
necessary
eye,
convexity,
"
upper
distance.
the
not
when
as
to
man
the
can
we
appear
two
move
re-
to
the upper
be occasioned
be due
How
Now,
plane will
same
if
either
operation
observe
ADMNDtJM.
this
so
call himself
and
cause,
called
is
scientific,
practicallyshown
convexity of the
earth
foreshortening.
When
and
in this
and
ignored, shall
allow
the
world
sumptions
is due
of
as
the
its true
enigmas of this
track, say
rail at
two
the apparent
the
to
rotundity or
that
the earth
is convex,
the
to continue
in
to
the
set aside
imposition and
of
we
stands
man
that
quietly submit
we
of scientific conclusions
a
anything but
one
it is assumed
assumption
If
it to
enlightened age.
have
We
attribute
and
phenomenon
191
are
made
side of
one
to constitute
cosmo-
the ar:-
the basis
by
the
feet from
the
rail, his
of the rails of
line of
railroad
point determined
by the distance in perspective.
This we
need only state, for it is a well-known
fact. No man
will pretend to deny this, unless
he be an absolute ignoramus.
Then
as
deny the phenomenon
why should anyone
applied to
of any other line or plane ?
If the earth were
the extense
cave,
conthe
which
inches
to
would
be
level
mile,
a practical
eight
and an apparent straightplane, and we
should apply the law of
opticsas described, in looking along a geolinear surface the
earth would
to rise in perspective much
more
rapidly
appear
would
than the eight inches
If we
to the mile
indicate.
were
the
twenty feet
to meet
the
above
the
surface of the
would
scientific and
honest
basis of appearance,
analysis;he would
man,
would
before
submit
earth, the
appear
he
earth
to be
would
The
convex.
projects a theory on
the
appearance
to
rise
the
rigid
his
prove
i92
'THE
Qeolinear
COSMOCiONV.
CKIXULAR
Mathematical
and
Poreshortenins:
Application.
sub-major proposition is,that
Our
calculation,founded
of
the amount
parallellines
the
upon
in
planes
the
deviation
of
the surface
which
given
face
sur-
direction of
and
amount
describes,from
earth
the
two
any
applied to the
perspective,when
of
between
the space
of
determination
mathematical
of
foreshortening
or
rigid mathematical
line
from
the
space
same
the
to
would
obtain.
The
candid
person.
If
line which
definite
foreshorteningof
direction.
Let
is flat,
convex,
or
from
The
plane.
concave
claim
to fitthis
Optics Wholly
have
these
under
the
and
space,'
the
laws
the
We
whether
of
Ignored
shown
the earth
deviation, if any,
is made
upon
tion
considera-
system of
absurdity.
appearance
have
its
surface of the
is convex,
the earth
operation of these
of optics prevail and
other.
the
of the
amount
to the
the amount
by the
the
determine
have
We
the
lines and
the
or
way
one
from opticalefifects,
without any
appearance
and the whole
of foreshortening,
of the laws
is made
of
mere
cosmogony
to any
the dififerencebetween
This
will
; also
that
is obvious
inches
principle be applied
this
results
same
difiference is the
line.
the demonstration
earth, and
known
line,the
unknown
of the
deviation
few
calculate
the
the
statement
observation
deviate
and
rectiline,
this
an
to
of the indefinite
space
the
make
we
lines,and
two
of
truth
suppose
we
other, from
other
any
of the
from
of
We
operate
the
in
known
optics
surface
laws.
that
Astronomer.
of
laws
related to
as
the
earth
shown
have
the
fact,and
one
of
case
as
that
as
optics
in
are
^HK
194
sis,and
a
CBI.I.UI.AR
COSMOGONY.
worth
one
thought
constituting
as
basis for
note
cosmogonic conviction.
We
of
state our
now
general proposition: The astronomers
admit that the whole fabric of hypothesis called astronomy,
is built
assumed
an
upon
the conclusion
premise is assumed,
of
premise
When
appearance.
is
necessarilyan assumption.
It is easy to fit a large aggregation of facts to any hypothesis ;
but this does not prove
proposition. An
'hypothesisdoes
any
not rise to the rank of a well-grounded theory, and never
can
that
so long as
hypothesis is predicated upon a premise that is
'
"
The
world
that,
reason
is
looking for
its revolution
on
earth is of
never
up
some
to
been
the
definite form
present time,
positiveproof
far,been
some
of
the
its orbital
; this
form
of the thinker
the
'scientific*'
earth's
ity,
rotund-
motion.
These
never,
so
claims.
In
A
and
{Retrospect
of
Review
Developments
Since
Prospect.
tlie Koreslian
PROF.
G.
U.
World
tlie Scientific
in
Survey.
MORROW.
'Koresban
the basis of a
Universology is predicated upon
for
onstration,
demcalculus
its premise an
baving
abundantly confirmed
which
of
obviates
uncertainty.
possibility
every
universal
It comprises the first step toward
knowledge, which
it is the province of Koreshanity
to place before the world.**
the Founder
of Koreshan
KoRKSH,
Universology.
'
"
is
'*It
wonderful
a.
thing to be
change.
and
mountain
upon
scientific literature
the
watch
general
ment
restate-
of
extensive
The
researches
due.
physical science is now
with
the
of matter,
in
higher phases and states
beginning
and
Crookes,
so
enormously
extending to the present, have
all conceptions
of
work
like
that a vast
Nature,
expanded
Newton's
Principia is urgently needed.'*
ScientificAmerican,
"
IT IS
WITH
nearly
(now
the
series of
work,)
the
but
furnished
upon
conclusions
have
in the
the
numerous
Survey
sources
of
that
radidal
changes
in
them
facts
upon
the
all
several
the
premise
of
we
called
of
in
the
all
in
their
own
and
coveries
dis-
tenets
set
little volume.
received
have
results
The
of
from
available
astronomy;
detail.
the
premise,
scientific
arguments
modem
of
the
this
years
so
"explanations**
already described
of
many
by
this
of
they failed
have
its demonstrated
forced
of
opponents
and
been
past
publication
the
of
Geodetic
Koreshan
the
of
conduct
System
preceding chapters
During
various
the
corroborate
which
for
only
Not
the
time
this
at
note
we
successful
the
discomfiture
found
have
thay
favor
basis
the
Universology.
attacks
forth
after
years
continued
Koreshan
their
ten
that
experiments, including
that
Survey,
satisfaction
great
the
and
in
also
Koreshan
explanations
are
196
TH^
C^I.I.UI.AR
COSMOGONY.
in conflict with
each
other, and
no
tact
nor
The
Flaming
our
whom
among
Professor
are
hollow
and
with
belong
thrown
of
class
of
several
regard the
earth
as
stellar systems,
is
sound
whom
"
Institution,has said
who
school
critics
recognized standing.
solar and
this
upon
ers
Read-
numerous
our
tempted
at-
Florida, followed
if any
absurd, it is doubtful
even
members
to
to
scientists
inadmissible
are
ing
reason-
arguments
wholly
are
away."
Larkin, of the Mt. Lowe
Professor
to
of the line is
earth
the
than
The
Survey
Geodetic
explain our
end
south
the
week,
of those
views
the
in
of the Smithsonian
Langley,
"while
that
few
basis of
demonstrations.
scientific work
to
certain
Sword
elapsingsince our
repliesfrom week
years
principleas
of the Koreshan
overthrow
of
scientific
recognized
taken
has
one
took
Observatory, underthe
on
64 feet farther
north
The
end.
from
earth
center
is not
of
exactly
miles
contradicts
equator
If the
astronomers.
equator than
conforms
to
at
the
unchanged by
on
the
sea,
relative to
real
or
earth.
of the
the
earth
best
is
conclusions
bulged
of
13 miles
such
because
inclines
of curvature
would
sea
level, not
his
higher
the
the
convex,
were
of
many
is 13
be
no
are
with
water
if the
fellow
the
at
level
earth
practically
up-hillslope
terms
used
reference
to
197
ADt"SNDUM.
conclusions
regarding
conclusions
It is
few
without
are
in The
demonstrated
has
since
of
few
the
for
Sword
in this edition
note
as
clearly
we
August 16,
more
than
1904..
very
to
through
number
seemed
It has
large editions.
of
The
the Koreshan
critics.
force whatever,
any
Larkin's
principal
developments in the scientific
publicationof this volume in 1898, which
already run
accuracy
Professor
level.
sea
Flaming
impossible to
points relative
world
the
to
number
of
people that
the
fine
same
Geodesists
reasons.
have
made
many
teresting
in-
adjustments of
their instruments.
The average probable error
of the Colby
to be only
apparatus in use in Europe has been estimated
estimates
of
.0000015
the
S.
U.
half.
one
of
those
are
employed
still greater
of
for the purpose
between
points. The
devised
distance
placing metal
is that of
Koreshan
apparatus
surfaces
in pointsof
not
by the Government,
in form; the principlesof adjustment
the
practically
The
of critics have
plumb-lines suspended
determining whether
upward
or
earth's
mechanical
curacy,
ac-
are
same.
the
downward,
shape
means.
side
than
The
that
held
by side for
divergence
would
the
Plumb-Lines.
of
Startling Testimony
number
in
Geodetic
employed
but
the
estimates, reducted
susceptibleof
are
the
adjustment
The
contact.
Geodetic
apparatus
accurately measuring
method
of the
accuracy
Government
These
accuracy.
the
an
nearly
average
by the
of
experiments with
the
purpose
of the lines should
of
be
test of
satisfactory
projection of ^n air line by
be
more
suspension of plumb-linesfrom
198
TH^
the
C"I.I.UI.AR
Eifel
Tower,
has
been
COSMOGONY.
Monument,
suggested
to
or
from
have
We
us.
top of
the
shown
the
plumb-lines only
distance between
small
top and
at
would
bottom
of definite and
beyond the possibility
to be
as
the lines
few
be
so
accurate
measurement.
4,000
The
in
which
Flaming
the
present
into
for
mining
a
shafts
similar
extract
an
one
at
mile
in
depth
at
article
an
to the
facts and
the
wrote
we
from
awake
sufficient to suspend
conclusions
heads,
our
July, 1897,
men
thorough investigationof
the
Sword
above
or
followingquotation is
**Wheii
of
feet
our
importance
revision
of their
*
down
plumb-lines
Calumet, Michigan, or
will find
measurable
from
divergence indicating that the perpendiculars extend
down
central point in the physical heavens
to the earth's
cave
con-
surface.
The
* '
experiments
for they
were
to above
was
inevitable.
conducted
four
In the Fall of
the
number
of
elevator
shafts
that
they
wtt^
purpose
to
the
them,
use
the
the
to be
rack
Tama-
".plumb'* a
of constructing
of two
plumbto
two
farther apart
College of Mines,
vf^-knew
engineer at
ventilators; in the
between
note
Michigan, undertook
the
1901,
performed is
we
Mines, Calumet,
He
that
after
years
been
have
very
McNair,
top and
at
at the bottom.
of the
gan
Michi-
Professor
ADDENDUM.
199
of
conducting a number
the
several of the shafts, with practically
experiments down
feet in
The
results in all.
same
plumb-lines were
4,250
length; the bobs of lead weighed sixtypounds each, and hung
McNair
assisted
in vessels
of oil at
wire.
piano
results
was
very
wires
Sentinel
of
were
experiments,
the
Milwaukee
No.
24
quote
we
containing a report
shaft
little
the
phenomena
same
that
change, except
the
noticed, and
were
of the
divergence
of iron
instead
bobs
greater. Lead
even
The
the bottom.
the
''At another
with
in
engineer
Concerning
from
paragraph
of the
the
but
used,
were
lines
no
change resulted.
Several
"
The
attention
Tamarack
every
the
among
of the
Mine
experiments
''reason'*
for
offered various
who
scientists,
observed
phenomena
the
and
"
conclusion
to
arrive
concerning
he
has,
at
the
any
cause
"
baffled
c*ertain and
of
the
the Tamarack
shafts
The
suggestion
the
bobs
and
has
been
to
explain
the
that
therefore
set aside
by
in the
the
caused
Professor
results.
He
month
of
sides
the
of
and
has
satisfactory
nomena;
unexpected phea
number
which
that of the
at all
entertained
however,
almost
results
tions
explana-
they gave
was
been
considerable
attracted
assistance
a
February,
the
of
shaft
number
1902.
attracted
divergence,
wholly inadequate
downward
McNair
estimates
as
that
such
attraction,^
COSMOGOtTV.
CStI.tJl.Ak
THS
500
amount
to
of
grain
and
would
Professor
that
was
magnetic attraction
of
of
jacent
ad-
side attraction
Professor
or
McNair*
currents
dealing with
true;
but
; for
plumb-linesin
the
the shafts
designed
caused
was
in his article
the
to prove
taken
theory
the
explain
fails to
precautionwas
every
contained
arguments
subject are
after
of consideration.
hypothesis was
s next
the
and
the
even
forced out
repulsionwas
divergence of
by air
the
to
nomena
phe-
prevent
.018
of
when
the
in
rays
air in the
must
shaft
in their action
is
beyond
throughout
belief.
But
and
the
of
foot, .216
considerably less
divergence of gravic
obtained
to
and
this
the calculated
nearer
hollow
was
inch"
an
glohe^
than
in circulation.
that
In
currents
should
be constant
even
today, the
scientists differ
'TH^
202
Remarkable
Since
had
Changes
satisfaction
the
theories
of the
of
modern
Scientific
in
the Twentieth
of
beginning
the
COSMOGONY.
CBI.I.UI.AR
Beliefs.
Century
have
we
in the
noting remarkable
changes
scientists
a rejectionof old
tenets
"
near
The
System.
achievement
and
Madame
before
Koreshan
Physics ;
to
come
of the
indestructibility
the field of
in
noted
inevitable,since
of
presence
of
helium, which
radium, that
doctrines
of
new
conclusion
smallest
is
been
form
many
of
been
reached
in the borderland
between
make
substances
from
take
long
System.
The
gold
rays
place
before
at
all
continual
the
abandoned
advocacy
ulate
form-
to
is
atom
the
The
not
admitted
that
in
exist
of
to
precipitate
activity
of radio-
substances
taught
it is
that
processes
all
the
thing
intangible some-
metals, and
and
the
alchemy.
or
now
and
disclosures
electrons,which
and
times
entertained
show
of these
the
rather
baser
light;
radium
endeavoring
that
of
others
mutation
holding to transnot
only possible,
have
now
matter
from
that of
with
men,
of
minds
possibleto
men
Ramsay,
"
chemistry
but
of matter,
noted
chemistry
results
the
system
experiments
distinct element.
leading
chemistry, and are
has
of
These
atom.
emanations
the
startlinghave
So
of modern
of substance
but
basis
rejectthe
corroborations
Professor
and
fessor
Proin
substance, such
Lodge,
other
any
instrumental
radio-active
Kelvin, Professor
Lord
have
remarkable
from
lutionize
revo-
old school.
the
been
have
world
and
the wonderful
with
the
the
to
more
scientists than
scientists of
Curie
bringing
as
of
work
or
done
has
of modern
beliefs
the
'
discovery of radium
"
ceptions
con-
in the Koreshan
Koreshan
Universol-
ADDENDUM.
ogy
the
203
thirty-five
years, and a
forts of fallac}',
but
cannot
for
mental
and
effect in
their
have
the
of scientific circles.
processes
A.
Professor
of
bombardment
constant
startled
has
astronomer,
the
naturalist
eminent
Wallace, the
Russell
scientific world
by setting
with the
at variance
conception of the universe
accepted theories of cosmology. He holds that the universe
is limited; and
in support of this,
of his arguments
one
conclusion
is that all astronomers
nicus
up to the time of Coperheld
that the universe
was
geocentric. In Prof.
forth
Wallace's
conception,the
of
center
the
astronomical
of
universe.
been
of
tendency
toward
the
near
all modern
opposite
the very
conclusion
unwarranted
the
to
"
the
But
speculationhas
this view
itself is situated
earth
that
verse
uni-
the
is illimitable.
A
second
infinite
a
continuous
blaze
had
by
that
of the
of
means
of
is
he
by
stars
the
noon-day
star-lightis
average
of the whole
science
that
of
mass
facts
of
any
only
one
that
lated
accumu-
research, and
great inductive
been
has
sun,
maintains
Prof. Wallace
moon.
powerful instruments
not
acquainted with
modern
the
be
would
the firmament
as
if
is that
Wallace
Prof.
lightas bright
the benefit
aflBrms that
result
of
it is known
forty-ninththat
he has
filled with
were
space
whereas
used
argument
arrived
at
so
of so vast a mass
gradually and so legitimately,
by means
of precisemeasurements
and observations, as his conclusion
and
the central
concerning the limitation of the universe
location
of
Prof.
habitable
the
the earth.
Wallace
planet,that
universe
created
further
for
Prof. Wallace
limitation
that
the
own
earth
Man,
man.
is not
of the
our
the
holds
that
the
humanity
and
the
therefore,is
only astronomer
universe.
Professor
is the
earth
is the
universe
entire
the
only
holds
Newcomb,
race
in
were
thing.
supreme
who
only
to the
of Wash-
TH^
204
CSI.I.UI.AR
COSMOGONY.
ington, has long entertained the idea that not only is the
has a limit,though by
universe limited,but that space itself
it is limited,or how
what
the universe is environed,he does
In
not pretend to say.
holding to the limitation of the
space, there
in
universe
is
approach
an
the
to
Koreshan
conception.
Both
Wallace
Professor
and
Kelvin
emphatic
of the atheistic conceptionsof Spencer.
in their denunciation
not
a
Huxley, and Haekel, both holding that chance was
Kelvin
factor in the origin of creation.
Lord
asks, **Is
absurd
of
there anything so
to believe that a number
as
make
atoms
a
accord, can
by fallingtogether of their own
The universe
sprigof moss, a microbe, a livinganimal?*'
be
cannot
**a
explained on
fortuitous
the
Professor Wallace
basis
of
concourse
few
Lord
that
atoms.*'
are
life sprang
from
The
owes
world
repudiation
of the idea that the universe is infinite,
the ground
on
is the object of the existence
that the development of man
of the cosmos
for strenuouslyopposing the
; and to Virchow
Darwinian
theory of evolution.
And
the future
fallacies of
conflicting
Modern
them.
its power
forces
does
it hold
the times?
There
what
"
science
of such
revolution
is but
because
is doomed
is irresistible. There
in store
is
in the
end
is true
truth
for
and
able
The remarkimminent.
impends, which is now
changes of the last few years are but a suggestion of
what
is coming.
Soon there will be an utter abandonment
of the premise of modern
astronomy, with all its absurd
will soon
rebel against
The
human
reason
conceptions.
such vagariesof the imagination. The mind
is seeking the
will be met
tangible,the real, the true; and the demand
which
now
with the
and
most
avenues
to
application
unmistakable
which
human
appeal
demonstrations
to
human
in
reason
of the
admit
race.
of
IS CLAIMED
ITfrom
west
according
space,
one
miles
per
body
with
at
the
miles
minute.
Can
this rate
could
so
a
the
body
hour,
an
sane
earth
at
or
its
by
it would
cause
the
of
sphere,
atmoas
while
atmosphere,
rotation
the
thin
solid
its momentum
atmosphere with
motion
sixteen
that
imagine
man
of
speed
than
more
in
through
rotary
moves
miles
moving
speed, surrounded
contrary
time
same
solid
science,
any
of
carry
produce
is
modern
thousand
over
to
This
to
of
surface
the
east
to
hours.
twenty-four
not
that
of
ing
oscillat-
an
pendulum?
No
as
one
first observed
with
Flammarion.
by
uniform
motion
such
the
reported,
as
it must
be considered
with
appear
is taken
which
guess,
the
hangs
with
guess,
astronomers
our
still
that
reason
sustain
to revolve
it
will not
regard
to
the
revolves
still
with
much
remains
to
an
are
readers
that
the
still in
the
astronomers,
reinforcement
problem
is not
We
the
pendulum
hypothetical ;
doubt.
motion
hypothesis,
they
causes
because
of the
motion
testimony
in doubt
What
propositions. The
two
earth
the
series of
of the
cause
the
be fair and
to
inquire.
the
howsoever
because
Copernican system.
would
we
; and
corroborative
as
in
experiment
the
Whatsoever
phenomenon?
question
oscillatingpendulum
allowing
But
pendulum,
recently experimented
and
might, however,
We
of
direction
experiments.
the
Foucault
by
of the
wish
settled
for
you
and
the
tion,
corroborato
under
assure
the
206
THK
The
propositionis,that
second
settled
has
Survey
forever
shell, and
concave
If it could
caused
of
the
on
inner
cellular
the
Cellular
the
on
of the earth
not, therefore,afifectthe
sphere.
lum
pendu-
it would
as
is
earth
the
rotates, then
it the motion
ball,were
Cosmogony
According to
that
inhabits the
man
same
It could
it.
fact
the
Geodetic
the Koreshan
the
act
surface
outer
that
be proven
would
COSMOGONY.
CKI.I.UI*AR
fact
that
of
the
in the least.
the
System,
Koreshan
the heavens
stationaryand
The
stationary earth.
the earth
is
paratively
com-
moving within
are
is
commensuration
the
extremities,as
two
sun
to
curvation
or
space,
or
the time
of
at
tudinal
longi-
motion.
If
the
to north
south
the
were
start, it would
earth, which,
north
be
were
to
south
subject to
the
and
the eastward
theory of the
equally toward
the
the
from
swung
rotate
true, the
with
at
of the
motion
earth's
be
pendulum
other.
the west
This
would
the^result of the
"
the motion
be
earth'
the
s
on
one
effect if the
motion.
How
side
balancing
phenomenon
would
it be
ADDENDUM.
when
the
rotated
pendulum
points? The
earth
would
207
around
be
to
the
and
east
rotatingtoward
the
west
cast, the
earth is moving,
The
pendulum swinging east and west.
at the rate of sixteen
according to the Copernican hypothesis^
either with
miles a minute
or
against the ball, while it
the ball
rate with it when
swings westward, and at the same
If the earth by its rotation
affects the
swings eastward.
this rotation,why
motion
of the pendulum enough to cause
would
it not make
an
appreciabledifference distinctively
marked, while swinging east and west?
The
swinging of a pendulum could bear no possible
relation
to the earth's
rotating
from
east
if the earth
rotation,even
to
west
at
the
rate
of
were
ball
twenty-five
as
miles
in
will
laugh
at their own
folly.
and
later the
"scientists**
CopernicanHypothesisin
I^UCIE
NOBII.ITY
HE
premise
who
those
as
deeper
has
been
the
with
that
whole
but
of
been
deal
not
is that
earth
the
much
same
time
is wasted
amount
of
earth's
shape
tested
To
desire
the
; for
the
the
actual
the
intellect
creation.
importance
that
Since
to
had
that
herald.
been
has
old
it had
universe
of
Cellular
become
date
Of
there
course
has
be
the
of
solved
the
in
was
by
The
life.
involve
been
the
human
of
made
to
when
rily
satisfacto-
acme
in
Cosmogony
how
put forth.
would
fitted
shows
been
is the
was
The
sun.
heavens,
was
is involved
in
assumption
the
never
conduct
century
the
investigation
the
It
pleasure
any
system,
the
during
knowledge.
about
concept
much
of the
find
nor
in the
that
nineteenth
proof
contour
System
actual
orbit
an
Koreshan
how
to
unmistakable
an
Koreshan
into
put
the
of
found
hypothesis
searching
questions
all
comprehension
of
in
in
understand
in
comprises
show
would
until
determine
facts
time
research
been
triangulation,when
of
'scientists'*
is known.
revolves
absence
conspicuous
research
astronomical
Copernican
for
field of
have
to
The
hour.
an
conjectures
lines
base
drawing
of
taught by the
with
the
so-called
results
no
past thirty-fiveyears
does
field
and
fact that
of
body
The
famous
the
has
What
the
the
Koreshan
apparent
are
investigators in
surface
earth's
world,
of
extension
the
of the
need
darkness.
superseded by
the
to discern
ploughed,
compare
manner
the
modern
into
the
it confronts
of
only plunged
of
GRANDEUR
able
have
BORDEN.
AND
are
discoveries
PAGE
the Schools.
covery
dis-
1870, when
revealed
the
by
secrets
nothing
application
of
of
much
of
forces
the
by
placedis
in
beginning.
of man,
presence
it
because
should
of this
men
was
be
period
bereft of
once
remains
human
no
epoch
that
the educated
history,think
world's
the
far back
How
point; but
moot
the
Copernican hypothesis,that
of the
exponents
had
earth
COSMOGONY.
CELLUIyAR
THE
2IO
the
in
found
are
certain strata.
Sociology
as
science
is not
because
colleges is
best
the
is wanting,
The
really non-existent.
in
taught
ciple
prin-
The
understood.
and
in the cell with its center
organic unity shown
environing walls, must be put forward to insure the orderly
in social
error
activityof society. With the fundamental
construction
might be able to
expunged, the students
grapple with the labor question and the various branches of
of
economics
to some
purpose.
is
Psychology
trying
is concerned
and
spiritualism,
modern
of
and
motory
ferret out
to
mysteries
the
with
the
ment
measure-
impulses. These
the subject of the
sensory
of
are
all
soul and
places, but
the rapport between
soul, and body, are too vast in
spirit,
of the soul is
their bearing to be put aside; yet the nature
still unknown.
Metaphysics has no conception of the
beautiful truths that are
brought to light in the study of
in
necessary
brain
the
Founder
as
used
The
their
under
has
the
shown
instruction
are
organs
of the
some
of
been
has
an
attic
would
lumber
or
possibleattainment
but
that
why
The
modern
theorizingof
tion
educathe past
If
facts,the mind
like
fibre,
put up in labeled
the student.
of
of cell and
the mind.
reasons
whose
Koreshanity,
in the correlated
above
of
room.
of life.
text-books
conjecturesis
not
shame
should
in
be furnished
with
Education
It should
exist
never
built
upon
progressiveage.
old rubbish
is the
be
greatest
disparaged ;
theories
and
The
of
Principles
I,UCIE
T^HE
the
is in the
habit
pursuit
of
designed
aid
to
with
the
student
the
fundamental
extended
reader.
that
of
first
the
geodetic
who
not
from
its root
cult
if he
of
application
knows
for
the
the
that
more
by
the
outset
to
He
term.
Science, it is
Koreshan
understand
meaning.
is held
than
subject
ing
lay-
earth's
ordinary reader
calls
studying
what
of
aware
of
is meant
one
by
nobody
tangent.
It
can
efforts to ascertain
is
correctly
whether
stated
from
simply
the
all who
to
terms
any
of the
upon
chord
of
know
and
the
direction
the
the
rests
sincere
by
the
unintelligibleto
departed
not
deny, that
is certain
be
significance of
It
geodesists were
Koreshan
curvature
has
authenticity of
the
would
the
mathematics.
which
assertion
of
Science
Geodesy
New
facts
is
Koreshan
by
was
The
is not
of the
this
of
interesting account
most
known
he
the
requisitesto
made
used.
for the
in
survey.
The
claims
with
while
knows
question
is,therefore; required at
He
himself
acquaint
the
are
of land,
tracts
He
the
in the
engineer
Koreshanity.
proposition
of
civil
the
geodesy,
of
latter
the
instruments
surveying large
word
knowledge
casual
These
and
quite enough
the
because
with
geodetic instruments
to introduce
define
so
their
and
to
Not
the
works
it is necessary
able
one
mechanic
familiar
so
surveyor,
of
use
the
It is
is not
vocation.
own
Geodesy.
BORDEN.
the
as
making
his
curvature.
be
of
public
out
where
geodesy
term
PAGE
New
READER
ORDINARY
the
the
an
arc
them, that
indefatigable in
of the
ordinary
earth's
works
on
surveying.
It
be
was
capable
necessary
of
to
invent
determining
an
whether
apparatus
a
line
which
extended
should
hori-
"tHn
^12
zontal
to
The
chord.
his
vertical would
plumb
ordinary
measurements
is
drawn
from
surface
The
Koreshan
they
are
incline to work
not
is to
method
His
or
in all
granted
which
upon
does
tangent
it for
takes
the
assumption.
to be
prove
surveyor
that
convex.
an
COSMOCOKV.
CSLLXn:*AR
the
use
new
line.
is
which
apparatus
ordinary surveyor
level,and
does
for
made
allowance
actuallyobliged
the
uses
understand
not
theodolite
there
why
two
three
or
be
must
perspective foreshortening.
to allow
neer's
engi-
or
an
is
He
for
example of refraction.
does not trust to any opticalinstrument, but
The Koreshan
his line absolutelystraightby the use
of the
tries to make
of right angles.
mechanical
principle
he has
that when
levelled his
The civil engineer knows
telescopeor transit instrument, and trains it on his pole a
this
mile
he will find
away,
is five
below
six inches
or
why
that
the
calculated
due
to refraction,and
estimate.
altitude
the
the
surface
an
as
of
height of
the
cross
hair
the
ing
pole. Believis puzzled to know
is convex,
he
not be eight inches
considers
to agree
with
discrepancy is
obliged to allow two
inches
mile
this
three
the
for
to
or
optical factor. The
the law
of
Koreshan
geodesist understands
perspective
foreshortening,and differs from the engineer in his theory
Koreshan
the
of refraction ; but
prefers to eliminate
and
factors
to
mechanical
line.
run
a
optical
for the differences
between
the old geodesy
So much
intricate problems of surveying
and
the new.
The
most
unnoticed
not
are
by the latter,but the outlook of the New
so
would
surveyors
has
work
proved
is
an
to
his
erroneous
own
be
of
the
that he is
wholly dissimilar
will be obvious
why theoretical
Geodesy
is
He
claims
no
to
that
of the
problems
interest
satisfaction
assumption.
that
raised
to the
the
old, that it
by competent
student
basis
of
who
their