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2. Introduo conveco
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Definio
Conveco: modo de transferncia de energia (calor)
entre uma superfcie e um fluido em movimento sobre
a superfcie.
dividida entre dois mecanismos:
movimento aleatrio das molculas do fluido;
movimento global ou da maior parte das partculas
do fluido.
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(2.1)
(2.6)
(2.2)
Da equao 2.1:
q = (TS - T) As h dAS
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(2.3)
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h e h dependem:
I. De diversas propriedades do fluido (massa
especfica, viscosidade, condutividade trmica e
calor especfico);
II. Da geometria da superfcie;
III. Das condies de escoamento.
Essa multiplicidade das variveis independentes
atribuda dependncia de transferncia por
conveco nas camadas limites que se desenvolvem na
superfcie.
Exemplo 2.1: (6.1, pg. 231)
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S
(.u2)2
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(2.7)
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=0
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(2.8)
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NA = - Dab CA
Y
Onde: DAB = coeficiente de difuso binria;
NA = fluxo molar da espcie A.
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y=0
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hm = - DAB CA yy = 0
CA,S - CA,
Onde: hm = coeficiente de transferncia de massa por
conveco.
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Resumo
C.L. de velocidade:
- (x)
- gradientes de velocidade e de tenses de cisalhamento
- pode-se calcular: Cf ou Ca
C.L. trmica:
- t (x)
- gradientes de T e transferncia de calor T.C. por
conveco (h)
- Pode-se calcular h;
C.L. concentrao:
- c(x)
- gradientes de concentrao e transferncia de espcie
T.M. por conveco (hm)
-Pode-se calcular hm
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(6.28a)
Velocidade na direo x
u* = u
V
* =
V
(2.11)
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T* = T - TS
T - TS
CA* =
CA - CA,S
CA, - CA,S
(2.12)
(2.13)
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Trmica
(ReL e Pr)
Concentrao
(ReL e Sc)
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(2.16)
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Da equao 2.14:
o Nmero de Reynolds:
ReL = V.L
v
(2.17)
Da equao 2.15:
= .
V.L
V.L
= (1/ReL) .(1/Pr)
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Nmero de Prandtl:
Pr =
(2.18)
Re.Sc
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Nmero de Schmidt:
Sc =
DAB
(2.19)
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Camada Limite
Equaes de Conservao
Velocidade
Trmica
Concentrao
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(2.23)
(2.24)
=0
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kf
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(2.26)
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h.L
f (Re L , Pr)
kf
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(2.27)
(2.28)
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