Professional Documents
Culture Documents
REV. 4/2014
PLAINTIFFS
DEFENDANTS
JULAat IUBRES
LARKIN ARNOLD
Tf|J
ATTORNifS^flkNOWl
CAUSE OF ACTION (CITE THE U.S. CIVIL STATUTE UNDER WHICH YOUARE FILING ANDWRITE A BRIEF STATEMENT OFCAUSE;
(DO NOT CITE JURISDICTIONAL STATUTES UNLESS DIVERSITY)
This is an action for Breach of Contract
Has this action, case, or proceeding, or one essentially the same been previously filed in SDNY atany time? NaZVesL-lludge Previously Assigned
If yes,wasthiscase Vol. rj Invol. Q Dismissed. No rj Yes Q
IS THIS AN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION CASE?
No 0
(PLACE AN M IN ONEBOXONLY)
Yes
NATURE OF SUIT
JCUA)i4
TORTS
CONTRACT
&Case No.
PERSONAL INJURY
PERSONAL INJURY
FORFEITURE/PENALTY
BANKRUPTCY
OTHER STATUTES
[ 1 422 APPEAL
f] 400 STATE
[ I 367 HEALTHCARE
[1110
[]120
[]130
[]140
INSURANCE
MARINE
MILLER ACT
[ ]310 AIRPLANE
[ 1315 AIRPLANE PRODUCT
NEGOTIABLE
[]150
INSTRUMENT
RECOVERY OF
OVERPAYMENT &
[ ] 330 FEDERAL
[]151
[ ]152
ENFORCEMENT
OF JUDGMENT
MEDICARE ACT
RECOVERY OF
DEFAULTED
STUDENT LOANS
LIABILITY
SLANDER
EMPLOYERS'
LIABILITY
[ ] 340 MARINE
[ ] 345 MARINE PRODUCT
LIABILITY
(EXCL VETERANS)
[]153
11160
11195
[ 1220
[ 1230
[ 1240
[ 1245
[ ]290
28 USC 157
[ ] 690 OTHER
LIABILITY
PROPERTY RIGHTS
REAPPORTIONMENT
[
[
[
[
[
] 410 ANTITRUST
] 430 BANKS & BANKING
] 450 COMMERCE
1460 DEPORTATION
] 470 RACKETEER INFLU
ENCED & CORRUPT
[ 1820 COPYRIGHTS
[ J 830 PATENT
[ J 840 TRADEMARK
PERSONAL PROPERTY
PRODUCT LIABILITY
INJURY
SOCIAL SECURITY
ORGANIZATION ACT
(RICO)
[ ] 480 CONSUMER CREDIT
[ 1490 CABLE/SATELLITE TV
[ ] 850 SECURITIES/
COMMODITIES/
LABOR
PROPERTY DAMAGE
PRODUCT LIABILITY
STOCKHOLDERS
STANDARDS ACT
[ ] 720 LABOR/MGMT
OTHER
PRISONER PETITIONS
CONTRACT
CONTRACT
PRODUCT
LIABILITY
VACATE SENTENCE
28 USC 2255
CIVIL RIGHTS
REAL PROPERTY
[1210
[ I 423 WITHDRAWAL
RECOVERY OF
OVERPAYMENT
OF VETERAN'S
BENEFITS
[ 1196 FRANCHISE
21 USC 881
INJURY PRODUCT
SUITS
M190
28 USC 158
SEIZURE OF PROPERTY
LAND
CONDEMNATION
FORECLOSURE
RENT LEASE &
EJECTMENT
TORTS TO LAND
TORT PRODUCT
LIABILITY
ALL OTHER
REAL PROPERTY
]861HIA(1395ff)
] 862 BLACK LUNG (923)
1863 DIWC/DIWW (405(g))
] 864 SSID TITLE XVI
] 865 RSI (405(g))
EXCHANGE
RELATIONS
ACTIONS
[ ] 462 NATURALIZATION
[ 1 550 CIVIL RIGHTS
[ ) 555 PRISON CONDITION
[ ] 560 CIVIL DETAINEE
[
[
[
[
[
APPLICATION
[ ] 893 ENVIRONMENTAL
MATTERS
[ 1895 FREEDOM OF
INFORMATION ACT
26 USC 7609
[ 1 896 ARBITRATION
[ ] 899 ADMINISTRATIVE
PROCEDURE ACT/REVIEW OR
APPEAL OF AGENCY DECISION
[ 1950 CONSTITUTIONALITY OF
STATE STATUTES
ACTIONS
CONDITIONS OF CONFINEMENT
[ 1448 EDUCATION
DEMAND $
OTHER
DO YOy CLAjM THIS CASE IS RELATED TOACIVIL CASE NOW PENDING IN S.D.N.Y.?
JUDGE
DOCKET NUMBER
NOTE: You must also submit at the time of filing the Statement of Relatedness form (Form IH-32).
(PLACEAN x INONEBOXONLY)
H 1 Original
ORIGIN
2 Removed from
Proceeding
State Court
from
I-] 3. allp.rtlr.pr.s.ntl
Reopened
(Specify District)
Litigation
Judge from
Magistrate Judge
Judgment
Appellate
1'
Court
| | b. Atleast one
party Is pro se.
(PLACE AN x INONEBOXONLY)
1 U.S. PLAINTIFF
BASIS OF JURISDICTION
IF DIVERSITY, INDICATE
[x]4 DIVERSITY
CITIZENSHIP BELOW.
DEF
[H
[]1
CITIZEN OR SUBJECT OF A
FOREIGN COUNTRY
[]3[]3
M 2
[ ]2
[]4(i4
PTF DEF
PTF
DEF
[ ]5
[ ]5
[]6
[]6
LARKIN ARNOLD
Checkone:
WHITE PLAINS
\x\ MANHATTAN
(DO NOT check either box if this a PRISONER PETITION/PRISONER CIVIL RIGHTS
COMPLAINT.)
RECEIPT #
KEG5703
is so Designated.
. Deputy Clerk, DATED
Yr. 1976
14
.'A
LARKIN ARNOLD,
Case No.
Plaintiff,
OI't;
O
Plaintiff Larkin Arnold ("Plaintiff), by and through his attorneys, for his Complaint
against the Defendant named above alleges as follows:
PARTIES
1.
?
:';?
2.
Partnership, whose partners are citizens of Delaware and New York. Sony's principal
place ofbusiness is located at 550 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10022.
JURISDICTION AND VENUE
3.
The jurisdiction of this Court is based upon 28 U.S.C. 1332 as there is complete
diversity of citizenship between the parties, and the amount in controversy exceeds
$75,000.00 exclusive of interest and costs. This action for declaratory judgment is
brought pursuant to 28 U.S.C. 2201 which is within the exclusive jurisdiction of federal
courts pursuant to 28 U.S.C. 1331.
4.
Personal jurisdiction over Sony is proper in this Court on the grounds that (a)
Sony transacts business in the State of New York; (b) Sony's wrongful conduct, alleged
herein, occurred in the State of New York and in this District; and, (c) the Agreement, as
defined below, was entered into in this District and the parties agreed the validity,
interpretation and legal effect of the Agreement would be governed by the laws of the
State of New York.
5.
6.
Larkin Arnold is one of the most well-known and successful executives in the
music industry. In 1970, Arnold became one of the first African-Americans to be hired
as an attorney by a major record label when he joined Capital Records. In 1973, Arnold
created the Black Music Division for Capitol Records where he discovered Natalie Cole,
Peabo Bryson along with signing numerous other artists including Bill Cosby.
7.
employment Agreements, as modified on August 15, 1983 and April 11, 1991 and other
dates (the "Agreements") with Sony's predecessor in interest CBS Records. (Sony and its
predecessor are collectively referred to as "Sony" hereinafter).
9.
Pursuant to and during the terms of the Agreement, Arnold signed numerous gold
and platinum selling acts to recording agreements with Sony and was responsible for the
recording careers of many of Sony's most important acts including Marvin Gaye, Luther
Vandross, New Kids on the Block, Michael Jackson, Gladys Knight, and Earth Wind &
Fire.
10.
Sony agreed to pay Arnold under a certain enumerated royalty structure and to account to
Arnold under that royalty structure.
11.
During the period beginning on January 1, 2007 and continuing through the
present, Sony has failed to properly account to and pay Plaintiff under the royalty
structure set forth in the Agreement.
12.
examine Sony's books and records and determine the amount of royalties due Arnold for
the period January 1, 2007 until December 31, 2010. On or about November 8, 2011, the
royalty examiner provided a detailed audit report to Sony regarding its findings (the
"Audit") and putting Sony on notice of a number of breaches of the Agreements. The
Audit determined Sony underpaid Arnold for the period in question by hundreds of
thousands of dollars.
13.
While waiting for Sony to respond to the Audit, Arnold and Sony entered a
14.
During this period, Arnold put Sony on notice its failure to correctly account to
and pay him were ongoing. Arnold objected to the statements issued after the Audit and
set forth his basis for those objections in multiple communications with Sony. In sum,
Sony has underpaid Arnold by approximately $1,300,000 inclusive of interest.
15.
The Audit determined, among other items, that Arnold was underpaid for the
16.
Under the terms of the October 27, 1980 Agreement, royalties are payable to
Arnold based on the his pro-rata share of 50% of Sony's net receipts. Paragraph 4.3 of
the 1980 Agreement states:
"Master Recordings. The profit participation with respect to any Master Recording
embodying performances by Participating Act recorded during the Employment Period
and leased or licensed by CBS to others for their distribution of Records in the United
States shall be your allocable share of 50% of CBS' net receipts from its Licensee during
the Employment Period, computed after deduction of all Copyright, AFM and other
applicable third party payments; your allocable share of such net receipts shall be the
ratio that your otherwise applicable profit participation rate bears to the aggregate basic
royalty percentage rates of you and any artist, producer and other persons or entities
entitled to royalties in respect of such records."
17.
amended Paragraph 11.1 of the 1980 Agreement, "CBS shall pay you profit participation
in perpetuity pursuant to the provisions of Section 4 with respect to Records recorded by
Participating Acts during the Employment Period. Under the terms of the Agreement,
Sony has consistently failed to properly account to and pay Plaintiff for Master
Music
Download and Mastertone Providers are third-parties that leased or licensed Master
Recordings from Sony and then distributed music downloads, mastertones, and ringtones
to end users on computers, cell phones, or other devices.
19.
After January 1, 2007, Sony leased or licensed the relevant Master Recordings to
third-party Music Download and Mastertone Providers, so that those third-party Music
Download and Mastertone Providers could distribute music downloads, mastertones, and
ringtones to the public. Sony received monies for this leasing and continuously and
persistently failed to account to and pay Plaintiff the 50% of net receipts due to Plaintiff
pursuant to the terms of the Agreement.
20.
and paid Plaintiff for the Master Recordings licensed or leased to third parties, including
third party Music Download and Mastertone Providers at lower royalty rates, under
provisions of the Agreements, which are applicable only to Phonograph Records sold by
Sony, and are not applicable to the leasing or licensing of Master Recordings.
21.
The Ninth Circuit in F.B. T. Prods., LLC v. Aftermath Records, 621 F.3d 958 (9th
Cir. 2010), held that income from Music Download and Mastertone Providers was
licensing (or leasing in Sony's parlance) income. This decision means Plaintiff is entitled
to be paid on Sony's income from Music Download and Mastertone Providers under the
Masters leased provision of the Agreements.
22.
Sony's failure to correctly pay Plaintiff for music downloads, mastertones, and
ringtones derived from the relevant Master Recordings leased or licensed to Music
Download and Mastertone Providers has resulted in Sony underpaying Plaintiff in an
amount which can only be determined after Sony has provided an accurate accounting,
but believed to be in excess of $200,000.
23.
In addition, the Audit revealed Sony has failed to account for all exploitations of
responding to the Audit, Sony admits it failed to correctly account to and pay Arnold for
certain Luther Vandross Master Recordings. However, Sony has not yet corrected this
error.
24.
The Audit also revealed Sony took incorrect container deductions in determining
the amounts due to Arnold. Sony admits its taking of a container deduction resulted in
Arnold being underpaid by $6,348 for domestic products and $2,632 for products sold in
foreign territories. However, Sony has not yet corrected this error resulting in Arnold
domestically and $614 for foreign territory sales by taking incorrect net sales reductions.
Sony has agreed with the royalty examiners that Arnold was underpaid by $8,000, but has
failed to correct this error.
26.
reductions.
Sony agrees that it has underpaid Arnold by $12,424 domestically based on its
unwarranted taking of a configuration reduction, but again Sony has failed to correct its
error. Additionally, Sony's incorrect configuration deductions resulted in an additional
$4,522 underpayment for foreign sales.
27.
The Audit determined Sony has underpaid Arnold for the sale of non-catalog
products. For instance, SME took a ten percent wholesale deduction from these sales
even though the Agreements do not allow for such a deduction. Additionally, Sony took
a 50 percent royalty reduction on certain non-catalog records. However, under the terms
of the Agreements such a royalty reduction does not apply when records are sold to the
public. Sony has admitted it underpaid Arnold in an amount in excess of $950 for non-
catalog records, but it has not corrected this error or paid Arnold the money due him.
This same calculation problem for non-catalog records resulted in an additional $273
underpayment to Arnold based on sales from foreign territories.
28.
The Audit found certain products were sold, but not reported to Arnold. Sony
quantified its admission. The Audit determined this failure to pay resulted in Arnold
being underpaid by at least $35,000.
29.
reduction for the albums King of Pop, Michael Jackson's This Is It, and Thriller 25th
Anniversary Edition, even though those albums were not "Budget Records" as defined by
paragraph 12.7 of the 1980 Agreement. Sony has admitted to this underpayment, but has,
to date, failed to correct it.
30.
Sony's failure to pay Arnold using the proper Royalty Base Price as defined by paragraph
12.35(b) of the Agreements. Sony admits in determining the Royalty Base Price, it used
a constructed retail price, instead of the actual suggested retail price (as required by the
Agreements). However, Sony denies it has any liability for this failure, arguing such a
constructed retail price is the industry custom and practice method of determining the
Royalty Base Price. This ignores the plain language of the Agreements and has resulted
in a significant underpayment to Arnold.
31.
In addition, Plaintiff has a reasonable belief that Sony has, through acts known
and unknown, failed to accurately account to and pay Plaintiff for Sony's exploitation of
the Master Recordings covered by the Agreements.
32.
Sony's failure to correctly account to and pay royalties to Plaintiff has resulted in
Plaintiff being significantly underpaid under the terms of the Agreements. Sony's
underpayment of royalties to Plaintiff is the direct and proximate cause of financial harm
to Plaintiff.
33.
Sony also withheld money due to Arnold in order to cover certain foreign income
deduction of Sony's foreign tax obligations from royalties due to Arnold. This failure
resulted in Arnold being underpaid by at least $3,917.
34.
The Audit also determined Sony failed to account to Arnold for master use and
compilation income derived from the relevant Master Recordings. This failure to account
to Arnold has resulted in Sony underpaying Arnold for more than $10,000 due him.
35.
Upon information and belief, Sony has continued to incorrectly account to and
pay Plaintiff in the period after the specific written notice was sent to Sony.
Such
continuing failure to account to and pay Plaintiff has resulted in additional substantial
financial damage to Plaintiff.
36.
The royalty examiner engaged to conduct the Audit rolled forward the
37.
This examination of the post-Audit statement issued by Sony showed that Sony's
failure to correctly account to and pay Arnold continued through at least December 31,
2014 and resulted in an additional underpayment to Arnold in excess of $350,000.
38.
For instance, Sony's failure to correctly account to and pay Arnold 50% of its net
39.
Additionally, in the post-Audit period Sony failed to account to and pay Arnold
for more than $118,000 for unreported digital sales and more than $1,600 for ancillary
income.
40.
The examination of the post-Audit statements shows that Sony failed to account
to and pay Arnold for approximately $12,000 in royalties due for the distribution of
physical products in the United States.
41.
Breach of Contract
42.
43.
The Agreements are valid and enforceable contracts between Plaintiff and Sony.
44.
45.
Sony has failed to comply with the terms of the Agreements and failed to fulfill
its obligations under the Agreements by failing to properly account to and pay Plaintiff
royalties to Plaintiff.
46.
By reason of the foregoing and other acts not presently known by Plaintiff, Sony
has knowingly and materially breached its contractual obligations to Plaintiff under the
Agreements.
47.
Sony's material breach of the Agreements is the legal cause of substantial damage
2.
An award of actual and reasonable attorneys' fees and costs for services rendered
3.
10
4.
5.
Such other and further relief as the Court deems just and proper.
By:
Telephone: (615)259-3456
Facsimile: (615)726-541
/ ^ -.
..- /
By:
'
7^
Kenneth E. Gordon (KG 5703)
GORDON, GORDON & SCHNAPP, P.C.
11