Offshore lifting guide for subsea equipment

BREAEMAR
OFFSHORE
Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment

Muhammad
Naval Architect
Braemar Technical Services Offshore

16th September 2014
BREAEMAR
OFFSHORE
Content
General
Light lift
Heavy lift
Lifting Capacity Checks

Rule/Code (DNV-RP-H103)
Lifting Through Wave Zone
Deepwater Lowering Operation
Landing on Seabed and Retrieval
Practice in Offshore Industries

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General
Equipment : Crane, Crane Vessel, Transport Vessel, Lifted Object

Main consideration:
Clearence :
Between lifted object and crane boom

Between crane boom and any other object/structure
Between the lifted object and any other object/structure
Between the underside of the lifted object and grillage or seafastening
Bottom of crane vessel and the seabed (at shallow water)
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General
Light Lift
Heavy Lift
Lift off the Object
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General
Light Lift
Crane Tip Motion
Crane boom assumed to be stiff, therefore crane tip motion can

be determined from wave induced rigid body motion.
Surge, sway & heave = RAO of the vessel in 6 DOF (at COG)
Response amplitude (ct), velocity (Vct), eigenperiod (T0r)
o Analytical solution
o Equation are available at DNV-RP-H103 Chapter 9.
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General
Light Lift
Hydrodynamic Interaction
For the case of:
A. The presence of other fixed or floating structure in the

vicinity of the vessel Recalculate RAO of the vessel:
B. Lifting from or to transport vessel/barge recalculate RAO
for both vessel (coupled 12 DOF)
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General
Heavy Lift
Equipment: Semi-submersible Crane Vessel (SSCV) & computer

controlled ballast system
Lift-off operation for bow-mounted crane:

Pre-trimmed to stern up
Pre-hoist operation:
transferrinig 80% of the load from the barge to the SSCV
The barge and SSCV oscilate together as a almost rigid system
in vertical direction
Ballast operation to reverse the trim
Load is lifted 4-5 m within 90 second 5 cm/s
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General
Heavy Lift
Motion analysis
12 DOF ( 6 DOF from SSCV + 6 DOF from the barge)

After lift-off : 18 DOF (6DOF extra from the object)
Lifted object + SSCV + Barge coupled each other
Horizontal motion of lifted object critical
Time domain analysis
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General
Heavy Lift
Motion analysis- Coupled Dynamic Motioin

Neglect rotation motion of lifted object 12 DOF become 9 DOF
Mass matrix, spring matrix and response motion analysis refer

to part 9.3.3
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General
Lift off The Object
Side-by-side position: relative motion between the crane hook and

the barge
Feasibility of lift-off operation:

The hoisting speed of the crane (depends on the weight of the object to be
lifted, a lower limit is usually taken to be in the order of 0.1 m/s).
The combined motion characteristics of the barge and the crane vessel.
The weather condition, combined with the orientation of the two vessels.
Probability of barge hitting lifted object : analytical solution.

available at part 9.5.2
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Content
General
Light lift
Heavy lift


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Reference : (DNV Rules for Marine Operation 1996, Pt. 2 Ch. 5)
Dynamic loads, lift in air

Crane Capacity
Rigging capacity (slings, shackles, etc.)
Structural steel capacity
(lifted object, lifting points, spreader bars, etc.)
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Dynamic loads (DAF) for Lift in Air

DAF in air may be caused by e.g. variation in
hoisting speeds or motions of crane vessel and
lifted object.
The given table is applicable for offshore lift in air
in minor sea states, typically Hs <2-2.5m.
DAF must be estimated separately for lifts in air at
higher seastates and for subsea lifts !
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Dynamic loads (DAF) for Lift in Air
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Crane Capacity
DHL = DAF*(W+Wrig) + F(SPL)
W is the weight of the structure, including a weight inaccuracy factor
The DHL should be checked against available crane capacity.
The crane capacity decrease when the lifting radius increase.
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Sling Load
The maximum dynamic sling load, Fsling:
Fsling = DHLSKLkCoGDW / sin
Where:
SKL = Skew load factor extra loading caused by equipment and
fabrication tolerances.
kCoG = CoG factor inaccuracies in estimated position of centre of
gravity.
DW = vertical weight distribution e.g. DWA = (8/15)(7/13) in sling
A.
= sling angle from the horizontal plane.
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The sling capacity Minimum breaking load, MBL, is checked by:
The safety factor is minimum sf 3.0.

Safe working load, SWL, and MBL, of the shackle are checked by :
Both criteria shall be fulfilled

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The load factor f = 1.3, is increased by a consequence factor, C =
1.3, so that total design factor, design , becomes:
The design load acting on the lift point becomes:

A lateral load of minimum 3% of the design load shall be included. This
load acts in the shackle bow !
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Other lifting equipment:
A consequence factor of C = 1.3 should be applied on lifting yokes,
spreader bars, plateshackles, etc.
Structural strength of Lifted Object:
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Summary
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Content
General
Light lift
Heavy lift


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Rule/Code
DNV-RP-H103 (Modelling and analysis of Marine Operation)

Lifting through wave zone
Deepwater lowering operation
Landing on seabed and retrieval
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Rule/Code
Hydrodynamic forces
General Method
Simplified Method
Stability of lifting operation

Snap forces
Moonpool operation
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Rule/Code
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
Hydrodynamic Forces (General Method)

General
Accurate prediction of design load during lowering/ retrieval
Loads
Weight of object, Buoyancy force, Current force, viscous drag
force: analitical solution. Equation are available in part 3.2
Inertia force due to moving object, Wave damping force, Wave
excitation force, Slamming force, vertical motion of lifted object:
numerical calculation in time domain
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Rule/Code
Hydrodynamic Forces (General Method)

Calculation methods
Simplified Method
Regular design wave approach
Shallow water effects are neglected.
Fhyd = F + Fm + Fs + Fd [N]
where : F = varying buoyancy force [N], Fm = hydrodynamic mass force
[N], Fs = slamming impact force [N], Fd = hydrodynamic drag force [N]
Time domain analyses

3 hours simulation period for each load case.
30 minutes simulation for sensitivity analysis
CFD analysis
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Rule/Code
Hydrodynamic Forces (Simplified Method)

the Simplified Method is to give simple conservative
estimates of the forces acting on the object.
Main assumption:
the horizontal extent of the lifted object is small compared to the wave
length
the vertical motion of the object is equal the vertical crane tip motion
vertical motion of object and water dominates other motions can be
disregarded
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Rule/Code
Simplified Method Time Domain Analysis
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Rule/Code
Simplified Method Crane Tip Motion

T crane tip Tn, Simplified method is unapplicable
Heave, pitch and roll RAOs for the vessel should be combined with
crane tip position to find the vertical motion of the crane tip
If operation reference period is within 30 minutes, the most probable
largest responses may be taken as 1.80 times the significant
responses.
Unless the vessel heading is fixed, vessel response should be analysed
for wave directions at least 15 off the applied vessel heading
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Rule/Code
Simplified Method Wave Period

There are two alternative approaches:
1. Wave periods are included:
Analyses should cover the following zero-crossing wave period range:
A lower limit of Hmax=1.8Hs=/7 with wavelength =gTz2/2 is here used.
2. Wave period are disregarded:

Operation procedures should in this case reflect that the calculations are only
valid for waves longer than:
A lower limit of Hmax=1.8Hs=/10 with wavelength =gTz2/2 is here used.
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Rule/Code
Simplified Method Wave Kinematics
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Rule/Code
Simplified Method Hydrodynamic Forces
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Rule/Code
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Rule/Code
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Rule/Code
Simplified Method Added Mass
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Rule/Code
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Rule/Code
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Rule/Code
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Rule/Code
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Rule/Code
Simplified Method Load Cases Example
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Rule/Code
Simplified Method Load Cases Example
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Rule/Code
Simplified Method Static Weight
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Rule/Code
Simplified Method DAF
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Rule/Code
Simplified Method DAF
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Rule/Code
Simplified Method Slack Slings
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Rule/Code
Simplified Method Slack Slings
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Rule/Code
Simplified Method Summary
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Rule/Code
Simplified Method Summary

The simplified method assumes that:
Vertical motion of structure is equal to the crane tip motion.
The horizontal extension of the structure is small.
Only vertical motion is present.
More accurate calculations can be performed

applying:
Regular design wave approach (Ch. 3.4.2)
Time domain analyses
CFD analyses
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Rule/Code
Hydrodynamic forces
General Method
Simplified Method
Stability of lifting operation

Snap forces
Moonpool operation
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Rule/Code
Stability of Lifting Operation

Partly air-filled objects
lifting of objects where the buoyancy is distributed differently
If no other forces, object will rotate untill CB is above CG

Lift wire must be above CF to avoid tilting
Sling length adjustment required for horizontal landing on seabed
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Rule/Code
Stability of Lifting Operation

Effects of free water surface inside the object
GB must be large enough to give :
up-righting moment > overturning moment (by water inside the
object)
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Rule/Code
Snap Force
Moonpool Operation
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Rule/Code

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Rule/Code
Main consideration:
Stretched length of cable

Horizontal offset
Dynamics motion of lifted object
Methods for controlling vertical motion of lifted object
Static Forces
Dynamic Forces
Heave Compensation
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Rule/Code
Static Forces
Stretched length of a cable

Horizontal offset due to current
Vertical displacement
Vertical cable stiffness
Horizontal stiffness
Cable payout quasi-static loads
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Rule/Code
Dynamic Forces
Dynamic drag forces

Application
Natural frequencies, straight vertical cable
Eigen periods
Longitudinal pressure waves
Response of lifted object in a straight vertical cable exposed to
forced vertical oscillations
Slack cable conditions
Horizontal motion response of lifted object in a straight vertical
cable
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Rule/Code
DNV-RP-H103 chapter 5 contains a simplified method for establishing

dynamic loads and limiting weather criteria during deepwater lifting
operations.
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Rule/Code
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Rule/Code
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Rule/Code
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Rule/Code
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Rule/Code
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Rule/Code
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Rule/Code

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Rule/Code
Landing On Seabed and Retrieval
Main consideration:
Foundation failure shouldnt take place
Damage does not occur to acceleration sensitive equipment
Landing on Seabed
Landing impact problem definition

Physical parameters and effects to be considered
Iterative analysis procedure
Simplified method for foundations without skirts
Simplified method for foundations with skirts on soft soil
Application of safety factors
Calculation of skirt penetration resistance
Installation by Suction and Levelling

Retrieval Foundation
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Content
General
Light lift
Heavy lift


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Practice in Industries
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Case Studies:
Technip
Manifold and Spool Installation
Chevron Makassar Franklin Offshore

Suction Pile Installation
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Technip - Manifold and Spool Installation Preparation for Offshore Lifting

Structures
- Manifold 175 Te
- Spools (OD 4, 6, & 10)
Installation vessel
- Skandi Arctic (LOA 156.9 m)

- 400 Te box boom crane NOV
- 58 Te knuckle boom crane
Specific requirements
Presence of drill rig
Engineering tools
- Incident Analysis and Feedback (IAF)

- AutoCad
- Simulation of Marine Operation (SIMO)
Installation analyses : - Splash Zone (slack sling, crane capacity),
- Crane tip motion for landing criteria
(position, velocity & acceleration)
- Ship Maneuvering Simulator Centre (SMSC)
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Technip - Manifold and Spool Installation Preparation for Offshore Lifting

Equipment on
vessel
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For controlling the load:

- Lift-off : Endless rope taglines (riggers)
- In air : Tagging towers with winches + Crane tugger winches
- Landing : Guidewire winches + Clumpweight
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Technip - Manifold and Spool Installation

Lifting offshore - Different phases of subsea lift
Toolbox talk
Seafastening
Lift-off from deck
Slewing / overboarding
Through the splash zone
Landing phase
Recovery to deck
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Lifting offshore - Different phases of subsea lift
Toolbox talk
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Installation procedure / work plan

Lift plan & rigging specifications drawing
Deck layout
Contingency operations
Experiences from load-out
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Important aspects when planning and executing offshore
lifts:
Deck layout, slewing path

Winches for controlling loads in air
Crane capacity curves, also for recovery (alarm settings)
Communication with offshore personnel
Learn from mobilisation (crane settings, ballasting requirements, load
handling)
HSE Plan to avoid working at height and under suspended loads
Contingencies plan
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Preparation for Offshore Lifting
Structures
Suction pile (to be installed)
Installation vessel
- Bourdon Oceanteam 104 (LOA 136.6 m)

- 250 MT at 10m radius (at 1.3 DAF). Located at portside
- 90 MT at 13m radius (at 1.6 DAF). Located at stern
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Vessel Description
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Major Equipment & Material List
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Procedures:
Site arrival
DP and USBL preparation
Pre-check and preparation activities
As-found survey
Pre-deployment preparation
Suction pile over-boarding
Suction pile selft-penetration
Suction pile
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Contingencies Plan:
Vessel breakdown
Equipment breakdown
Suction pile positioning and penetration
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Several issues not covered in DNV-RP-H103:
Overpressure for retrieval (lower bound upper bound)
Refusal on penetration
Expected Self penetration
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When planning Marine Operations,

remember to take into account ....
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Easy handling...
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... And survey access!!
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Offshore lifting guide for subsea equipment

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BREAEMAR

Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment

Braemar Technical Services Offshore

Lifting Capacity Checks

Practice in Offshore Industries

Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment

Equipment : Crane, Crane Vessel, Transport Vessel, Lifted Object

Between lifted object and crane boom

Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment

Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment

Crane boom assumed to be stiff, therefore crane tip motion can

Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment

A. The presence of other fixed or floating structure in the

Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment

Equipment: Semi-submersible Crane Vessel (SSCV) & computer

Lift-off operation for bow-mounted crane:

Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment

12 DOF ( 6 DOF from SSCV + 6 DOF from the barge)

Time domain analysis

Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment

Motion analysis- Coupled Dynamic Motioin

Mass matrix, spring matrix and response motion analysis refer

Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment

Side-by-side position: relative motion between the crane hook and

Feasibility of lift-off operation:

Probability of barge hitting lifted object : analytical solution.

Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment

Lifting Capacity Checks

Practice in Offshore Industries

Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment

Lifting Capacity Checks

Reference : (DNV Rules for Marine Operation 1996, Pt. 2 Ch. 5)

Dynamic loads, lift in air

Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment

Lifting Capacity Checks

Dynamic loads (DAF) for Lift in Air

Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment

Lifting Capacity Checks

Dynamic loads (DAF) for Lift in Air

Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment

Lifting Capacity Checks

Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment

Lifting Capacity Checks

Rigging capacity (slings, shackles, etc.)

Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment

Lifting Capacity Checks

Rigging capacity (slings, shackles, etc.)

The safety factor is minimum sf 3.0.

Both criteria shall be fulfilled

Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment

Lifting Capacity Checks

Structural steel capacity

The design load acting on the lift point becomes:

Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment

Lifting Capacity Checks

Structural steel capacity

Structural strength of Lifted Object:

Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment

Lifting Capacity Checks

Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment

Lifting Capacity Checks

Practice in Offshore Industries