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Home>CastingAlloysScrapMetalRecyclingMagnesiumScrap

MagnesiumScrap

The eighth most abundant element on the planet,


magnesium constitutes about 2 % of the Earth's
crust. In seawater, it is the third most plentiful
element with an average concentration of 0.13 %.
Thoughthemetalisfoundinmorethan60minerals,
carnallite, brucite, dolomite, magnesite, and olivine
are of commercial importance. The metals is
producedfromseawater,lakebrinesandwell,and
bitterns, as well as from the minerals dolomite,
carnallite,andmagnesite.
MajorproductioncentersofprimarymagnesiumincludeBrazil,Canada,China, France,
Israel, India, Norway, Kazakhstan, Russia, Serbia and Montenegro, Ukraine, and the
UnitedStates.

BrassScrapScrapSteel GoldScrap SteelMetal


SourcesofMagnesiumScrap
New magnesiumbase scrap can be generally
categorized into four types. Type I is a highgrade
scrap, which generally include materials, such as
runners, gates, and drippings from die casting
operations, which is uncontaminated with oils.
Types II, III, and IV are lower grade materials in
which type II is oilcontaminated scrap, type III is
dross from magnesiumprocessing operations, and
typeIVisfinesandchips.
ThemostdesirableofthesedifferenttypesofscrapsistypeI,whichisgeneratedduringdie
castingmagnesiumalloys.Thisscrapiseithersoldtoascrapprocessororreprocessedat
thediecastingfacility.Theothertypesofscrapsareeithersoldtoascrapprocessororare
utilized directly in steel desulfurization that is a dissipative application. Old magnesium
base scrap, or post consumer scrap comprises materials, such as helicopter parts,
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automotive parts, used tools, lawnmower decks, and the like. Scrap processors buy this
scrap.
In addition to the magnesiumbase scrap, considerable quantities of magnesium are
incorporatedinaluminumalloys,whichcanalsoberecycled.Althoughsomemagnesium
islostintheprocessingofscrap,asubstantialquantityofthemagnesiummetalisrecycled
withaluminumalloy.Newaluminumbasescrap,whichisrecycled,contains,indecreasing
orderofimportanceprimarilyofsolids,turningsandborings,drossandskimmings,and
other materials that include foil and canstock clippings. Because the primary aluminum
product,whichcontainsmagnesiumisbeveragecans,themajor magnesiumcontaining,
aluminumbase scrap is can scrap skeleton obtained from lids and can sheet clippings.
Thiscorrespondstoabout1/2oftheoverallmagnesiumcontaining,aluminumbasescrap.
Old aluminumbase scrap consists many materials, however the principal magnesium
containingcomponentisusedaluminumbeveragecans(UBC's).Duetothehighrecycling
rate, aluminum beverage cans represent about three quarters of the magnesium
containing, old aluminumbase scrap, which is reprocessed. The magnesium in old and
newaluminumbasescrapisnotseparated from the aluminum alloy when it is recycled
instead, it is kept back as an alloying component. Therefore, the magnesium recycling
industry depends on three primary componentsUBC's, old and new magnesiumbase
scrap,andnewaluminumbasescrap.

Types/Grades
Differenttypes/gradesofmagnesiumscrapthatareusedtorecoverpuremagnesiumby
recyclingare
Grade

Details

Old
Magnesium

Itcomprisesofassortedcleanmagnesiumscrap.

Scrap
Thisgradeofmagnesiumscrapconsistsofmagnesiumturningsand
Magnesium

boringsorgrindings.Itshouldbefreeofexcessivemoistureandoils.

Turnings

Caution should be exercised while storing, handling or transporting


anymagnesiumfines.

Magnesium
Clips

Magnesium
Engraver
Plates

Irony
Magnesium

Magnesium clips include clean magnesium clippings free of foreign


materials and other metals. It must be free of excessive moisture or
oils.

Magnesium engraver plates comprise of clean sorted magnesium


engraversplates.Itmustbefreeofallothermetals.

IronyMagnesiumcomprisesofmagnesiumsolidscontaminatedwith
iron.Itshouldbefreeofexcessivedirtandoilswithironcontentnot

exceeding10%.

Magnesium

MagnesiumDrossscrapincludesmagnesiumdross,skimmings,slag,

Dross

orspillings,obtainedfromamagnesiummeltingoperation.

Spent
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Magnesium

Itconsistsofnewandunusedmagnesiumoxideinsurplusinventory

Oxide

oroddlotstock..

(MgO)
Surplus
Magnesium

Itincludesnew,unusedmagnesiumoxideinoddlotstockorsurplus

Oxide

inventory.

(MgO)
Other
Magnesium
Scrap

OtherMagnesiumScrapincludeothermagnesiumscraps,whichare
notincludedinothergrades.

RecyclingEfficiency
Majority

of

the

magnesium scrap, which


is recycled comes from
aluminum beverage cans
(UBC's).Thisisduetothe
fact that UBC's have a
wellestablished
collection

mechanism,

which reaches directly to


the

consumer

some

municipalitiescollectcans
at the curbside, thereby
making
convenient.

recycling
High

recycling rate can be


achievedbymakingrecyclingeasyfortheconsumer.Mostofthemagnesiumcomponents,
whicharenotrecycled,however,arenotrecycledduetothereasonthattheyareusedin
consumergoods,whichdonothaveawellestablishedrecyclingcollectionmechanism.
Manyitems,suchashandtools,arediscardedinlandfillsattheendoftheirusefullife.In
cases,whereinthemagnesiumcomponentisapartofalargeritem,likeanautomobile,the
magnesium part may not be separated when the item is recycled, as it represents an
insignificant portion of the total weight hence the magnesium content usually is not
recoveredduringtherecyclingprocess.Themetalmaybeoxidizedandbecomeentrapped
inthedrossorfinesfromrecyclingandmaybediscarded.
Anotherfactor,whichhasaconsiderableeffectontheoverallrecyclingrateisthequantity
of magnesium, which is used in dissipative applications that can be defined as uses in
whichthemetalisscatteredordispersed,therebymakingitdifficultandcostlytorecycle.
Thismakesitexceptionallydifficultandcostlytorecycle.Magnesiumisalsoconsumedin
dissipative applications, such as iron and steel desulfurization, chemical manufacture,
sacrificialanodes,andnodulariron.
Anotherfactor,whichhasaconsiderableeffectontheoverallrecyclingrateisthequantity
of magnesium, which is used in dissipative applications that can be defined as uses in
whichthemetalisscatteredordispersed,therebymakingitdifficultandcostlytorecycle.
Thismakesitexceptionallydifficultandcostlytorecycle.Magnesiumisalsoconsumedin
dissipative applications, such as iron and steel desulfurization, chemical manufacture,
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sacrificialanodes,andnodulariron.

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