Doctoral School of

Energy and
Geotechnology II
13.01.2010
TOPIC: MINING AND
GEOTECHNOLOGY

mi.ttu.ee
Spatial modelling tools in
mining areas for improving
mining process
VEIKO KARU
DEPARTMENT OF MINING
TALLINN UNIVERSITY OF TEHNOLOGY
mi.ttu.ee
 Topics to discuss
• Mining in Estonia
• Software for mine design
• Software packages
• Future

3
mi.ttu.ee
Introduction: Estonian mining

4
mi.ttu.ee
 Backround
• There are problems in composing
development plans for minerals
extracting industry both in level of local
authorities and the country.
• The reason is related to missing suitable
methodology for all parties, criteria and
skills for using natural resources.
• Economy needs mineral resources, but
mining affects the environment, earth
crust and landscape.

5
mi.ttu.ee
 Limestone aggregate produced near Tallinn
Na i s s a a re
Hülkar i

Kabelikar i Lõunaküla Hül kar i m adal

Veskikar i
V i i m s i p s Lahesaar

Pri n g i Ta m m n e e m e

VIIM SI
Viim si
alum ine t lt

L u b j a

Viim si
ülemine tl

Jõ
Kaguranna madal
Ha a bne e m e

es
Vahem adal

u
u
la
Viim si pank
Ra n d v e re Tahkum äe neem Koljuot s

h
Pä rn a m ä e
M u u g a l a h t

t
Auskneem
ere kr
T A L L I N N A L A H T Randv Ka l l a v e re
M i i d u ra n n a
Viim s i So M uuga sadam
Võ
M idur anna sadam osep er
dla
raba a
Riasöödi m v

M uuga

pk
r
Pal j as s aar e kar i
M u u g a Ül g a s e Piganeem

Ülgase pank

Äi g ru m ä e M aar du m v

M a n n i v a
Pa
lj
as
sa Pa PI RI TA

Kroodi
ljass
ar aare
e ps
MAARDU
la
ht Kat ar ina kai

oja
Kopli neem Pir it a sadam

PIRI
Kopli ps TA J
Liivakar i I r u pank Re b a l a
am
K sa
d
a Kakum äe nina re
ku aa
m K lja
ss
Varsaallika äe
Vene- Balt i sadam Pa Hundipea sadam
o ja nim
ä o
e än
Ka

M u ra s te p

MAARDU
M inisadam M
k

la li
um

Peet r isadam
TALLINN
äe

ht
la
ps

Lennusadam
M u ra s te Bekker i sadam

m
h M aar du
H

sada
t
ar
ku

Kala
Meeruse sadam

PIRI
Kakum äe sadam Pat ar eisadam Lasnam äe pank
oja

L i i v a m ä e J õ e l ä h tm e

TA
M ur as t e
Vanasadam
PÕ HJA- TALLI NN
Maar du jv

J
r aba Jõelähtme kirik

Rannam õisa pank

Tis
u r u p i p s kre Ne h a t u
Il m a n d u Tallinn
LASNAM ÄE
Balt i Tallinna
oja

alumine tlt Va n d j a l a

VÄO
Ra n n a m õ i s a Loo
KESKLI NN

Vandj al a s oo
M a a rd u
M
us

Ti s k re
Apa
toja

met Tallinna Kos tiv e re

sa pk
Ta ba s a lu r ülem ine t lt Sa h a
Kallast e pank
Sõ rv e Ha KRI STI I NE
rku Lileküla
Ülem ist e
Ve n e k ü l a
oja Saha pkr
L i i k v a
HARKU Ta
ba
HAABERSTI
sa
lu
ra
So o d e v a h e
ba pkr
H

re
a

ve
rk

Pa ra s m ä e

sti
u

Ko
Ha rk u j ä rv e pkr
jv

Tallinna lennuväli
Soodeva he
Tallinn- Väike
Tondi Ko p l i
Rae m v

JÕ
ae

HARKU

EL
L a a b i

ÄH
ra

rv
Soone

Kod La ge di

TM
asem M USTAM ÄE ba

E
jä
a

J
p kr
Põlm

Va
te skja
Pe e tri la-Ü Lagedi
o ja

Jär ve Ka d a k a
a

lem R a e ra b a
is

Va ts l a is te k pkr
küla
m
oja

Kadaka pank
ana Jär s i
Aru
le

l s oo
Ü

Pet saku m v
Ku rg l a
Ra
Va e-L
skja ag
H

Rahum äe ed
Ha rk u la- ip
a

Liiva
kr
rk

Nõm m e Ü
R a e lem Kulli
u

iste
ra

LEIVAJÕGI
J ä rv e k ü l a ka Ku l l i
ba

Hiu
pkr

AJ na
ÄN
VÄ
Vatsla

pkr
Hü ü ru

si
Kivimäe J ä rs i
As s a k u

Jär
Va h i Ar uküla
Ku

Saku mk Aruk üla

rn
ao
ja

Pääsküla Va s k j a l a

Lehmja pkr
L e h m j a
Pü h a
Hu m a l a
Ki i a Pa j u p e a
Raku

Jür i kir ik
Tõ h e l g i
jv
ba

J üri
ra

aj Kärneri oja
skül
a

Pää
ül
Va

Al l i k u Laagr i
Saire kr

RAE
sk

L i m u
nam

ää
õis

Ka l e s i
jv
P
a

Ar ukül a s oo
Ra u d a l u
Männiku
pkr

La a gri
Kur

Kangro mv Aa v i k u
na

Ig a v e re
oja
M

Li mu j v
ä

SA U E

Limu
Ku rn a r
e kr

Lim
ere pk
n

ujärve
Kü tk e kr
Nellis

M ä n n i k u Igav
n

soo
Kur Ka u tj a l a
na-
i k

L u i g e
M

M änniku
u

õis

Rät s epa j v
Luige
ak

Ku

Va e l a
r a

üla

Tä n n a s s i l m a

Limu
rna

J
pk

ITA

Lei
Va n a m õ i s a
b

oja

soo
PIR

vajõ
a

Ku m n a
R A A SIK U
pkr

gi
pkr

Saue
e
imä sti
Sau
Lõi l as mäe j v
Jälg J ä l g i m ä e VÄ
M õ i s a k ü l a
Ihuver
Juu

ÄN e rab
Tu te rm a a A
kr
a

6
J
p Jägala
liku

Kurna-M M ädaj är v

Pir
va õi Pa

ita
Vael a r aba rja tik
a
Ha
saküla pkr

mi.ttu.ee
Pa ti k a

ka
pkr

Luige mv

na
l
Limestone quarry near town

7
mi.ttu.ee
 Oil Shale mining fields Narva-
Narva-
Kunda
Kunda Gulf
Gulf of
of Narva
Narva Jõesuu
Jõesuu

Vanamõisa
Vanamõisa
 


Kohtla-
Kohtla- Sillamäe
Sillamäe


Pada
Pada Narva
Narva
Kiviõli
Kiviõli Järve
Järve Kuk
Kukruse
ruse
Kuk
Kukruse
ruse

Ubja
Ubja Põhja-Kiviõli
Põhja-Kiviõli Käva
Käva Jõhvi
Jõhvi


Kiviõli
Kohtla-
Kohtla- nr
nr 22
Haljala
HaljalaKohala
Kohala UljastePüssi
Uljaste Püssi
Nõmme
Nõmme nr
nr 44 Eesti
Eesti


Tammik
Tammikuu Ahtme
Ahtme
Rakvere
Rakvere Kiviõli Kohtla
Kohtla Power
Power Plant
Plant
Aidu
Aidu Power
Power Plant
Plant


Sompa
Sompa Sirgala-Viivik
Sirgala-Viivikonna
onna
Kabala
Kabala Uus
Uus Kiviõli
Kiviõli Ahtme
Ahtme
Rak
Rakvere
vere Viru
Viru
Sonda
Sonda Narva
Narva
Ojamaa
Ojamaa Mezhduretshije
Mezhduretshije
Usnova
Usnova
Estonia
Estonia
Leningradsk
Leningradskaja
aja


Oandu
Oandu
Flooded
Flooded mine
mine Seli
Seli 11
Tudu
Tudu Puhatu
Puhatu
Underground
Underground mine
mine Kirovi
Kirovi
Slantsõ
Slantsõ
Nr
Nr 33
Permisk
Permisküla
üla
Surface
Surface mined
mined area
area
Peipsi
Peipsi Kirovsk
Kirovskoje
oje

New
New mine
mine

Permissions
Permissions are
are

 
not
not resoluted
resoluted
Power
Power plant
plant Oil
Oil plant
plant
6 Reservation
Reservation

© Enno Reinsalu, 2007

Lake
Lake Peipsi
Peipsi
  Closed
Closed power
power plant
plant
 Closed
Closed plant
plant

8
mi.ttu.ee
 Oil shale underground mining
• Room and pillar mining

9
mi.ttu.ee
 GIS Software
• There are several mining software
programs
• Freeware (different viewers)
• Independent (GEMCOM Surpac and
Minex, MapInfo, AutoCAD, ESRI etc.)
• Besides that, it is possible to use online
software programs (EduMine etc.).
10
mi.ttu.ee
Different software packages

11
mi.ttu.ee
 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ArcGIS
GlobalMap…
Geosoft…
Leica ERDAS
Manifold
Surfer
GPS Utility
GIMP
Leapfrog
Arc Pad
Total Users

Google Earth
MapInfo
AutoCAD
Discover
Vertical…
Microstation
your daily workflow?

12

Surpac
ModFlow
What GIS tools do you use in

Plaxis
Minex
mi.ttu.ee
 Purpose
• Problems
– so many different software programs
– Each institution use different software
systems
– Developing co-operation, there are difficulties
in connection and transition of data
• The main task for modelling is to find
suitable criteria and demonstration ways.

13
mi.ttu.ee
 Problems to solve with
3D modelling

• Cost analyses
• Rock stress analyses
• Material quality analyses
• Drifts propertis
• Water removal
• Mine design
14
mi.ttu.ee
CASE STUDYS

15
mi.ttu.ee
 Case 1. Use of mined areas

Learning
pathways in
Maardu mined
area

16
mi.ttu.ee
 Case 2. Technology for quarry

Technology
planning and
visualisation

17
mi.ttu.ee
 Case 3. Large and deep
mines
Visualization
tools will help
to better
understand
how much
space drifts
take and how
they should
be placed
inside the
deep mine.

18
mi.ttu.ee
 Case 4. Closed mine areas

Ubja closed oil shale mine design with surface model

19
mi.ttu.ee
 Case 5. Hydrogeology
How much
water flows
into a
quarry in
this field
and how
much is
pumped
out.

20
mi.ttu.ee
 Data for modelling
• Fieldworks
–Airborne photo
–Surface surveying

21
mi.ttu.ee
Airborne photo

22
mi.ttu.ee
Surface surveying

23
mi.ttu.ee
 Conclusions
• It is convenient to use 3D as well as opportunities
for mining industry.
• Modelling options can be used for different cases.
• Engineers use these options to calculate
volumes, work planning, fieldwork planning,
measurement analysis, etc..
• Modelling is of great changes in the field - will be
completed in a better 3D scanning devices,
whose natural environment can bring your
computer.
24
mi.ttu.ee
THANK YOU

25
mi.ttu.ee