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DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
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ELECTRICAL DESIGN
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DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
A pre-approved calculation template to aid in calculating sizes and available short circuit
currents for battery and charger.
User instructions for EL-105 Battery Sizing, Battery Charger Sizing, and available Short
Circuit Current, for developing the user inputs and for performance of the calculation of
the size and short circuit current contribution for battery and battery.
2. Applicability
This procedure is applicable to all projects.
3. References
3.1 EL-105, Battery & Battery Charger Sizing & Available Short Circuit Current,
Version 00, Level 00.
3.2 Mathcad Version 7, Mathsoft Inc., Cambridge, MA
3.3 IEEE Recommended Practice for Sizing Lead-Acid Batteries for Stationary
Applications, IEEE Standard 485-1997.
3.4 IEEE Recommended Practice for Design of the DC Auxiliary Power Systems for
Generating Stations, IEEE Standard 946-1992.
4. Procedure
4.1 General
The Electrical and Control Systems Engineer shall prepare a calculation to size batteries and
chargers and to determine available short circuit currents for all project procured DC
systems. DC components procured as part of a vendor supplied system (such as a fire alarm
system) where others are responsible for determining the electrical loads, do not require the
preparation of a calculation by the Engineer.
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DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
accordingly.
MathCAD will not handle a single element matrix. If the load duty cycle is a
continuous value, such as for a UPS battery, use a 2 row by 1 column matrix and
assign the value of zero to the second row element
Enter random load, if required, and the associated time duration.
Design, Aging Margin, & Battery Room Temperature
Enter design margin, aging factor, and electrolyte temperature in degrees F.
Design margin and temperature are project-determined values. IEEE 485
recommends a design margin of 10-15%. The temperature should be the lowest
expected temperature for the battery room.
Provide reference for design temperature.
Battery Type
Select a battery manufacturer and cell type and enter this text as shown on the
template.
Enter the nominal cell voltage, typically 2.00 Volts-per-cell.
Enter the minimum cell voltage and total number of cells. Consult IEEE 485 or the
specialist for direction in determining these values.
Enter the values for time durations (all combinations) and lookup the associated
Amperes-per-positive-plate (R factors) for each time. Enter these into matrix R.
The user can look ahead to page 9 of the calculation to determine the needed values
of time from the calculated time matrix T, and then enter the values in matrix
R.
Enter the total number of plates in the TotalPlates matrix based on the selected
manufacturers cell data sheet. Enter the associated 8-hour Ampere-hour discharge
ratings in the BattSze_Ah, matrix. If additional sizes or a change in the cell type
needs to be made, this can be adjusted at any time.
From the manufacturers initial voltage curve for the chosen battery cell type select
two points and enter the voltage and Amperes-per-positive-plate values for each
point.
Battery Charger Design Parameters
The battery charger input data should be entered as follows:
8 to 24 hours recharge time.
Recharge efficiency factor of 1.1.
Continuous load Amperes that must be served by the charger during normal plant
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4.3.3. Results
The Calculation and Results sections of the MathCAD template is locked
to prevent accidentally changing the equations from the qualified MathCAD
template. The password to unlock the calculation section is SW245. If the
calculation section is unlocked, the engineer shall review and check the entire
calculation including the pre-approved areas. The date when the qualified Mathcad
files were locked is Friday, September 4, 1998. In order to properly print the date
stamp for the locked area on page 6 of the program, a non-postscript print driver
must be used.
The Results section repeats the essential input data and then prints the results of
The template for each section of the calculation, Battery Size, Battery Charger
Size, and Short Circuit Current Available. This is done for convenience of
viewing the input data with the results.
4.3.4. Program Limitations and General Instructions
The methodology is based on sizing batteries of the lead-acid stationary battery
type, which includes Lead-Calcium, Lead-Antimony, and Lead-Selenium. It is
recommended to use the Lead-Calcium type for stationary battery use. It is not
suitable for use in sizing Nickel-Cadmium type batteries. Refer to IEEE
Standard 1115-1992 for guidance for this type of battery cell.
The template calculates battery charger size in the following two ways:
1. The larger of the Ampere-hours discharged from the battery or the
combination of continuous and non-continuous loads.
2. The larger of the rated Ampere-hour size of the selected battery or the
combination of continuous and non-continuous loads.
3. The more conservative approach using the Ampere-hour rating of
the battery is recommended in IEEE 946. The user should select the
method that satisfies the project specification requirements.
The template calculates the available short circuit currents for
batteries and chargers at their terminals. This data is intended for use as
input to a dc system fault analysis calculation. The value of charger short
circuit current should be selected based on the associated sizing method.
The calculation assumes the intercell connector resistance is included in the
manufacturers initial voltage curve. If the intercell connector resistance is
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ELECTRICAL DESIGN
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DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
not included in the input data, the resulting short circuit current at the terminals
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5.
DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
Stationary Applications.
2. IEEE 946 -1992, IEEE Recommended Practice for the Design of DC Auxiliary
Power Systems for Generating Stations.
I.
INPUT
A. Load Duty Cycle
The load duty cycle is developed per instructions contained in IEEE 485.
Loading of each section
of battery discharge, in
Amperes ( Column 2 in
IEEE 485, worksheet Figure A-4).
320
100
280
A=
1
29
30
B=
200
40
120
60
59
1
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DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
Note: Use CTRL "M" to insert or delete rows and columns in the above matrices.
.Random A := 100
Random Current, A
Random M :=1
Time duration of random
current, minutes
B. Design, Aging Margin, & Battery Room Temperature
1.15
1.25
65 F
R=
104
11
30 55.4
13
59 40
15
60 40
17
TotalPlates=
90 32.5
119 27.5
19
21
120
27.5
23
150
24.0
25
179
21.5
27
180
21.5
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DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
400
480
560
Batt Size_Ah=
640
720
800
880
960
64
1040
Note: Use CTRL "M" to insert or delet rows and columns in theabove matrices
Select two points on the manufacturer's initial voltage curve (V1,I1) and (V2, I2) that will be used for the
calculation of short circuit current: (Ref. IEEE 946-1992, Fig. B.1)
V1
1.90
V2
1.50
Volts
I1=60
Volts
I1=370
C=1.1
L c 50
L n 60
StdCharger =
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100
150
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DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
200
300
400
432
500
600
800
1000
II. Calculation
A. Template Parameters
the
see= rows A)
sec 6
i= 1 sec
j= 1 sec
m= 1 sec
n= 1 sec
ORIGIN=1
i 1 last A1)
A2 if
A1inum
i
"NF"
Replicate A s) =
0
for
i 1 last A)
for j 1 s
TkjAi
k k 2
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DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
+
T
i 1 last Vector)
return
"Out of Range"
= Replicate (A, 2)
AA rows (AA)+1 : = 0
q :=1 ( rows AA)+1 )
Current Vector"AAAq"
q := 1 ( rows (Dbl_time)+1 )
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Dbl_timeplusq := if (q =1, 0
DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
Dbl_time q-1)
q := 1 ( rows (Dbl_timeplus) + 1 )
element.
DDbl_timeplusq := if (q= 1, 0Dbl_timeplus q-1)
C. Change in Load
320
-220
180
A =
-80
80
A_test section
load.
160
-80
120
1 0 60 120 0 180
ime to end of section, in minutes.
0 0 30 90 0 150
Columns represent each section;
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T=
DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
0 0 0 60 0 120
0 0 0 0
0 60
0 0 0 0
0 1
Table 1a =
25
1.520
78
0.980
30
1.430
79
0.987
35
1.350
80
0.980
40
1.300
81
0.976
45
1.250
82
0.972
50
1.190
83
0.968
55
1.150
84
0.964
60
1.110
85
0.960
65
1.080
86
0.956
66
1.072
87
0.952
67
1.064
88
0.948
Table 1b =
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1.056
89
0.944
69
1.048
90
0.940
70
1.040
95
0.930
71
1.034
100
0.910
72
1.029
105
0.890
73
1.023
110
0.880
74
1.017
115
0.870
75
1.011
120
0.860
76
1.006
125
0.850
77
1.000
DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
R2 := R <2>
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DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
This calculates the required section size (Column 7 in IEEE 485) , the number of positive plates for each
period in each section.
This is the section size of each section.The subtotal of each column of matrix Col 7 in
Ampere-hours.
MaximumSectionSize = max (SubtotalCol7) This is maximum section size, in positive plates.
MaximumSectionSize 7.1748
Random A
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RandomSectionSize 0.962
DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
Total ampere hours discharged from the battery during its specified duty cycle, Ampere-Hours.
I 1= L c + C Ah
I1 = 144.971
Tc
I 2 = Lc + L n
I 3= if (I 1, I 2I 1 I 2 )
I3 = 144.971
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DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
Sum of continuous & noncontinuous loads, Amperes (Equation 2 from IEEE 946)
Larger of the two above sizes.
- V2)
Rp =1.29 x10-9
I1)
Rp=
Rp
Positive plates
Rt =9.926 x10-5
Rb Rt Total_Number_Cells
The short circuit current available at the cell terminals is found from Ohm's law as follows:
CellVoltage 2.00
Ic1 20150
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DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
Charger based on the larger of the the Ampere-hours discharged from the battery or the
combination of continuous and non-continuous loads:
Charger_Size 150 Amperes
Icharger_fault=1.5 charger_Size
Icharger_fault =225 Amperes
Charger based on the larger of the rated Ampere-hour size of the battery or the
combination of continuous and non-continuous loads:
Selected_Charger_Size = 200 Amperes
Icharger_Selected_fault:= 1.5 Selected_Charger_Size.
Icharger_Selected_fault = 300 Amperes
A. Battery Size:
1. Inputs: Load Duty Cycle
Section
320
1
100
29
280
A=
M=
30
200
60
59
40
1
120
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DesignMargin =1.15
AgingFactor =1.25
ElectrolyteTempLow =65 Degrees F, lowest electrolyte temperature
TempCorrFactor =1.08
2. Results:
Minimum_Cell_Voltage =1.75
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Total_Number_Cells =
60
DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
PositivePlates =13
Plates =27
AmpHour_SizeR =1040
Manufacturer ="ABC"
Cell_Type ="XYZ"
C =1.1
L c =50
L n= 60
2. Results:
Charger_Size =150
Selected_Charger_Size =200
Volts
I1 = 60
V2 = 1.50
Volts
2. Results :
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ELECTRICAL DESIGN
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DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
Charger based on the larger of the rated Ampere-hour size of the battery or the
combination of continuous & non-continuous loads:
Icharger Selected Fault = 300 Amperes, available charger short circuit current.
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Minimum voltage
End cell voltage
DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
S.NO
DESCRIPTION
QTY
TOTAL
NO OF
PANEL
LOAD(W)
UNIT ITEM
TOTAL
LOAD(W)
3 per panel
34
2.5
255
70
2.5
525
86 relay
2 per sw.bd
10
3.0
60
Aux.relay
100
300
50% of HV and MV
motors
13
15
195
15
45
15
300
50% of motors
I2
36
10
DC lighting load
2200
11
As applicable
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12
1000
13
2000
14
ECS Load
15
DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
2000
-
DESCRIPTION
QTY
TOTAL NO OF
PANEL
LOAD(W)
UNIT ITEM
TOTAL
LOAD(W)
300
600
200
1400
13
6 nos. - 300W
(HV) & 7 nos.
200W(MV)
3200
Aux.relay
46
138
Closing of EPMCC
incomer
1No.
200
200
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DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
DESCRIPTION
QTY
TOTAL NO OF
PANEL
LOAD(W)
UNIT ITEM
TOTAL
LOAD(W)
Closing of main HV
incomer bkr
300
600
Closing of main MV
incomer bkr
200
400
400
800
Aux.relay
46
138
S.NO
= Approx.
Last minute duty
Random load if any
LOADS(A)
DURATION(MIN)
1.0
I1
66
REMARKS
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DTP-E-GEN-1003-00
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