Professional Documents
Culture Documents
JAWAPAN
PAPER 1
KERTAS 1
1
6
11
16
21
26
31
B
B
C
C
D
B
B
2
7
12
17
22
27
32
D
D
C
C
B
A
B
TOPICAL TEST 1
UJIAN TOPIKAL 1
3
8
13
18
23
28
D
D
A
B
D
A
4
9
14
19
24
29
D
C
D
C
D
C
5
10
15
20
25
30
A
A
B
C
A
C
3 (a)
Hydrogen gas
Gas hidrogen
Delivery tube
Tiub penghantaran
Burette
Buret
Retort stand
Kaki retort
Clonical flask
Water
Kelalang kon
Air
(e) Carbonates
PAPER 2
KERTAS 2
Ketulan zink
Karbonat
Basin
Besen
(b) Experiment 1: P
1 (a)
Eksperimen 1: P
250
240
No effervescence occurs.
200
150
Experiment 2: Q
Eksperimen 2: Q
100
50
Time / s
0 20
40
60
80
100
120
Masa / s
Effervescence occurs.
Larutan hidrogen
peroksida
= 45 = 11.25 cm3 s1
4
(ii) Number of moles of H2 evolved
2 (a) Temperature
Eye
Mata
45
= 0.0019 mol
24 1000
Average rate of reaction
of
the
Menggunakan mangkin.
Mark X
Tanda X
(ii) Experiment B
Eksperimen B
= 60 = 1.71 cm3 s1
35
Experiment C
Suhu / C
60
Eksperimen C
= 60 = 2.40 cm3 s1
25
(iii) This is because sulphuric acid is a
diprotic acid and produces more
hydrogen ions than hydrochloric
acid.
50
40
30
20
10
1
-1
time / s
0.05
0.06
0.07
1
-1
masa / s
Buret
Basin
Besen
Water
Air
Larutan natrium
tiosulfat+ asid sulfurik
Burette
Use catalyst.
Sodium thiosulphate
solution + sulphuric acid
Retort clamp
Suhu
(b)
0.04
Gas O2
Hydrogen
peroxide solution
120 saat
0.03
O2 gas
Pengepit retort
Masa diambil = 4 s
0.02
Tidak
(b) (i)
Time taken = 4 s
0.01
Buih terbentuk.
(ii) No
Stop-watch is started.
Jam randik dimulakan.
SULIT
(ii)
Time / s
Masa / s
Lengkung I
Frekuensi
bertambah.
perlanggaran
berkesan
Iron
Besi
Energy
Activation energy
Tenaga pengaktifan
(v) Temperature
Suhu
Mangkin
Reaction path of
Products
an exothermic
Hasil tindak balas
reaction
Laluan tindak
balas untuk suatu
tindak balas
eksotermik
perlanggaran
berkesan
The volume
decreases.
of
gas
particles
Reactants
Tenaga
Catalyst
Energy
Tenaga
Activation
energy
Frekuensi
bertambah.
perlanggaran
berkesan
of
of
Product
Tenaga
pengaktifan
Reaction path of
an endothermie
reaction
Reactants
Bahan tindak balas
Laluan tindak
balas untuk suatu
tindak balas
endotermik
Q
P
Time / s
Masa / s
SULIT
1
1
/s-1 Masa /s-1
Time
0.09
0.08
0.05
2 (a) Problem:
0.07
0.06
0.1
Masalah:
0.04
0.03
(b) Variables:
0.02
Pemboleh ubah:
0.01
65 Temperature / C
Suhu / C
30
40
45
50
55
60
Quantity of sulphur
produced
Rate of reaction =
Time
Kuantiti sulfur
dihasilkan
Kadar tindak balas =
Masa
PAPER 3
KERTAS 3
(ii)
35
(iii)
Temperature/C Time/s
Suhu/ C
1 /s1
Masa/s Time
1
/s1
Masa
30
47.0
0.021
35
40
45
50
60
41.0
34.0
27.0
19.0
12.0
0.024
0.029
0.037
0.053
0.083
dua
daripada
(h)
M1V1 = M2V2
0.2 V1 = 0.08 50
V1 = 20 cm3
(i) Measure 40 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm3 sodium
thiosulphate solution with a burette. The
3
(c) Hypothesis:
Hipotesis:
(e) Procedure:
Prosedur:
SULIT
(ii)
Time / s
Burette reading
/ cm3
H H
H H
2 - metilpropena
Penghidrogenan
Halogenation
Volume of
carbon dioxide
gas / cm3
Penghalogenan
Hydration
Penghidratan
Nickel
Time / s
Nikel
Burette reading
/ cm3
Bacaan buret / cm3
Asid etanoik
Volume of
carbon dioxide
gas / cm3
(iii)
Liebig condenser
Water out
Water
in
Air
masuk
C2H5OH(aq)
C2H5OH(ak)
PAPER 1
+
K2Cr2O7(aq)
KERTAS 1
2
7
12
17
22
27
32
37
42
B
A
D
B
B
A
B
A
B
3
8
13
18
23
28
33
38
B
C
C
B
A
D
A
A
4
9
14
19
24
29
34
39
D
B
C
A
B
A
C
D
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
A
B
A
B
D
A
C
C
KERTAS 2
H2SO4(ak)
Cecair
Penghidrogenan
mangkin
H3PO4
nikel
atau
CH3CH2OH
Asid fosforik(V)
(iii) Dehydration
Pendehidratan
2 (a) Alkene
Alkena
(b) X: But-1-ena
X: But-1-ena
Y: But-2-ena
Y: But-2-ena
Ni
Eg: C3H6 (g) + H2 (g)
C3H8
(g)
Halogenation adding solution of
bromine in alkene.
Penghalogenan menambah larutan
bromin ke dalam alkena.
Alkana; CnH2n + 2
+
H2SO4(aq)
Heat
Pemanasan
H
4 (a) Alkane; CnH2n + 2
PAPER 2
Hidrogen
platinum
K2Cr2O7(ak)
(iii)
Kondenser Liebig
Air keluar
TOPICAL TEST 2
UJIAN TOPIKAL 2
D
C
B
B
B
D
A
C
C
C4H10 (g)
C4H10 (g)
1 30 60 90 120 150
Masa / s
1
6
11
16
21
26
31
36
41
H
2 - methylpropene
1 30 60 90 120 150
Masa / s
Penjadualan data:
Non-conductors of electricity.
Bukan konduktor elektrik.
Non-conductor of electricity.
Bukan konduktor elektrik.
Differences:
Pembezaan:
Alkane
Alkene
Alkana
Alkena
Liquid bromide no
reaction
Air bromin
Tiada tindak balas
Bromine is
decolourised
Air bormine
dinyahwarnakan
Fermentation
starch.
of
carbohydrate/
(ii) (i)
Delivery tube
Salur penghantar
Lime water
Air kapur
SULIT
Observations:
Pemerhatian:
Colour of distillate:
Colourless.
Warna
hasil
berwarna.
turasan:
Tak
yis
C6H12O6 (ak)
2C2H5OH (ak) + 2CO2 (g)
Strength
and
hardness
Stronger
and harder
Lebih kuat
Kekuatan dan dan lebih
keras
kekerasan
Lebih tahan
haba
Oxidation
More
Pengoksidaan resistant to
oxidation
Weaker and
softer
Poor heat
resistant
Kurang tahan
haba
Easily
oxidised by
ozone, oxygen
and UV light
Lebih tahan
terhadap
Senang
pengoksidaan dioksidakan
oleh ozon,
oksigen dan
sinaran
ultraungu
PAPER 3
KERTAS 3
1 (a)
Experiment
Time taken/minutes
Eksperimen
Masa diambil/minit
Set I
300
Set II
Tidak menggumpalkan
Set III
(c) Set I:
does
not
(c)
Vulcanised Unvulcanised
rubber
rubber
Ion
hidroksida
dari
ammonia
meneutralkan asid yang dihasilkan
daripada bakteria dalam lateks.
Isoprena
Elastik
(ii) Isoprene
Lebih rendah
Lower
Lebih tinggi
Elasticity
Higher
Takat lebur
Melting
point
C6H12O6 (aq)
2C2H5OH (aq) + 2CO2 (g)
H C C C C H
8 (a) (i) When the vulcanised rubber is
stretched, the sulphur cross-link
prevent the polymer chains from
slipping past one another. Therefore,
vulcanised rubber is stronger.
yeast
H CH3 H
Getah
tervulkan
Number
of double
bonds
Less
Kurang
Getah tak
tervulkan
More
Lebih
Bilangan
ikatan ganda
dua
Penggumpalan lateks.
SULIT
Termometer
Roundbottomed flask
Liebig
condenser
Kelalang dasar
bulat
Kondenser
liebig
Water bath
Kukus air
(e) Procedure:
Prosedur:
(i)
Substance that
cannot coagulate
latex
pekat
Natrium hidroksida
Alcohol
Carboxylic acid
Ester
Alkohol
Asid karboksilik
Ester
Propanol
Ethanoic acid
Pentanol
Ethanoic acid
Propanol
Pentanol
Kalium hidroksida
(b) Variables:
Pemboleh ubah:
e-
e-
Carbon
electrode X
Carbon
electrode Y
Elektrod
karbon X
Elektrod
karbon Y
FeSO4(aq/ak)
Br (l/ce)
H2 SO4 (aq/ak)
3 (a) (i) A, D, E.
(ii) Rusting of iron produces iron(II)
ions.
(b) (i) E
(ii) Copper is the most electronegative
metal among all the metals in this
experiment.
Kuprum merupakan logam yang paling
elektronegatif dalam eksperimen ini
antara semua logam yang terlibat.
Asid etanoik
Asid etanoik
2 (a) Aim:
Tujuan:
Sel kimia.
Panaskan
Karbon.
(d)
Heat up
(f) Carbon.
Water in
Air masuk
Substance that
can coagulate
latex
Mixture of carboxylic
acid and alcohol
Thermometer
TOPICAL TEST 3
UJIAN TOPIKAL 3
PAPER 1
KERTAS 1
1
6
11
16
21
26
B
B
C
A
A
A
2
7
12
17
22
27
A
B
A
C
B
A
3
8
13
18
23
28
D
D
A
C
C
C
4
9
14
19
24
29
D
A
A
D
B
D
5
10
15
20
25
30
C
C
C
A
C
B
(e) Fe Fe2+ + 2e ,
O2 + 2H2O + 4e 4OH
(f) Coat the iron with a more electropositive
metal.
Menyalut besi dengan logam yang lebih
elektropositif.
4 (a) From A to B.
Dari A ke B.
PAPER 2
KERTAS 2
(ii) +2 to 0
(e) (i) Lead(II) oxide
Plumbum(II) oksida
(f) Platinum
SULIT
yang
lebih
4. Using alloys.
Penggunaan aloi.
7 (a) (i)
Oxidation
Pengoksidaan
Reduction
Penurunan
Acceptance of
oxygen
Loss of oxygen
Donation of
hydrogen
Gain of
hydrogen
Kehilangan
Penerimaan oksigen oksigen
Pendermaan
hidrogen
Penerimaan
hidrogen
2Fe(OH)2 + 2H2O + O2
2Fe(OH)3
2Fe(OH)3 Fe2O3.3H2O
Increase in the
Decrease in
oxidation number the oxidation
of the element
number of the
Penambahan
element
nombor
Pengurangan
pengoksidaan suatu nombor
unsur
pengoksidaan
suatu unsur
Penggunaan
elektropositif.
PAPER 3
KERTAS 3
(b) Variables:
Pemboleh ubah:
SULIT
(e) Procedure:
Prosedur:
Heat
Glass wool
Heat
Panaskan
Kapas kaca
Panaskan
Basin
Asid hidroklorik
Besen
Temperature
(C)
Time (s)
1 (s1)
Masa
1 (s1)
Time
Metal
Observation
Logam
Pemerhatian
Paku besi
+ Kerajang
zink
Magnesium
Iron nail
+ Copper
strip
Ferum
Iron
Kuprum
40
50
60
31
10
(b) (i)
Paper 1 KERTAS 1
A
C
B
B
A
A
D
A
B
C
30
MID-YEAR EXAMINATION
PEPERIKSAAN PERTENGAHAN TAHUN
2
7
12
17
22
27
32
37
42
47
20
Copper
B
B
A
C
C
C
B
D
C
B
Magnesium
1
6
11
16
21
26
31
36
41
46
Penjadualan data:
Iron nail +
Zinc strip
Paku besi
Iron nail
Suhu ( C)
Eksperimen
Masa (s)
Pemerhatian dicatatkan.
(ii)
Experiment
Observation
Hydrocloric acid
Kelalang kon
Karbon dioksida
Serbuk magnesium
Air
Water
Clonical flask
Prosedur:
Retort stand
Kaki retort
Kalsium
karbonat
(e) Procedure:
Pemboleh ubah:
Buret
(b) Variables:
Burette
Calcium
carbonate
Hablur kalium
manganat(VII)
Tiub penghantaran
Magnesium powder
Potassium mangnate(VII)
crystal
Karbon dioksida
Carbon dioxide
Delivery tube
Paku besi
+ Kerajang
kuprum
KERTAS 2
1 (a)
PAPER 2
3
8
13
18
23
28
33
38
43
48
D
D
C
D
D
C
C
D
B
A
8
4
9
14
19
24
29
34
39
44
49
A
D
A
B
A
A
A
D
B
D
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
C
C
C
B
C
C
B
A
C
C
Temperature (C)
Suhu (C)
60
50
40
30
20
1
-1
Time (s )
10
1
(s-1)
Masa
SULIT
(ii)
Temperature (C)
Suhu (C)
60
50
40
30
Magnesium
20
10
10 15
20
25
Masa (s)
30
Isi padu H2
Mg (s) Mg (aq) + 2e
Terminal positif:
12
A
Etil propanoate
perisa
Sebatian P: C5H10
Compound Q: C5H11OH
Magnesium
Sebatian Q: C5H11OH
Compound Q: 2-methylbutan-2-ol
Sebatian Q: 2-metilbutan-2-ol
(c)
(d) (i)
Porcelain chips
Kepingan tembikar
Ethene
Etena
------
Heat
Panaskan
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
(ii) Dehydration
Nyahhidratan
(ii)
Positive terminal:
H H
Dehydration of ethanol
Mg (p) Mg (ak) + 2e
Ethyl propanoate
H C C C O C C H
2+
Mg
Bilangan mol H2
H H
mol
Asid fosforik(V)
untuk
Daripada persamaan,
menghasilkan 1 mol H2.
+2 ke 0
Process Z: Esterification
Ester digunakan
makanan.
becomes
Proses Z: Pengesteran
H H
rod
(c) +2 to 0
Proses Y: Nyahhidratan
H H O
Time (s)
(c)
Time /s
O
Masa /s
SULIT
kehadiran
Lapisan
pengoksidaan
bertindak
sebagai lapisan perlindungan bagi
mencegah besi di bawahnya daripada
terdedah dengan air dan udara di
atmosfera.
akibat
(ii) Q
Carry out complete combustion to
produce carbon dioxide and water.
Menjalankan
pembakaran
yang
lengkap bagi menghasilkan karbon
dioksida dan air.
S
Volatile.
Mudah meruap.
Insoluble in water.
Tidak larut dalam air.
Getah
tervulkan
= 85.7 : 14.3
Ratio of moles for C : H
Nisbah mol C : H
= 85.7 : 14.3
12
1
= 7 : 14
=1:2
Empirical formula of Gas R = CH2
Melting
point
Getah tak
tervulkan
High
Low
Tinggi
Rendah
More
Less resistant
to oxidation
Takat lebur
Oxidation
Pengoksidaan resistant to
Kurang
Lebih tahan tahan kepada
pengoksidaan
kepada
pengoksidaan
oxidation
(CH2)n = 28
14n = 28
n=2
Molecular formula of Gas R = C2H4
Vulcanised Unvulcanised
rubber
rubber
Poor heat
resistant
Kurang tahan
panas
Strength
and
hardness
Stronger
and harder
Elasticity
(b) Apparatus:
H C C H
(ii) Compound P: Ethanol
Sebatian P: Etanol
10
Lebih kuat
Kekuatan dan dan keras
kekerasan
Kekenyalan
Lembut dan
mudah berubah
bentuk
Radas:
Materials:
Bahan:
Procedure:
Procedur:
SULIT
(d) (i)
2 (a) (i)
S
Sulphur atom
PAPER 1
2
7
12
17
22
27
32
B
C
D
D
B
D
D
3
8
13
18
23
28
33
A
B
C
C
C
B
B
4
9
14
19
24
29
34
C
C
B
D
B
C
A
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
A
D
C
A
D
C
D
PAPER 2
KERTAS 2
H = 57 kJ mol1
(f) Ethanoic acid, CH3COOH
Asid etanoik, CH3COOH
Kayu arang
(C3H7OH)
2000
(C2H5OH)
1000
Number of
carbon atoms
Bilangan atom
karbon
7.5
= 0.16 mole
46
3 (a) Neutralisation
KERTAS 1
Coal
(C4H9OH)
TOPICAL TEST 4
UJIAN TOPIKAL 4
Petroleum
3000
Haba dibebaskan = mc
Atom sulfur
Q = 0.16 1371 kJ
= 223.53 kJ
(ii) Heat released = mc
A
D
C
B
C
B
B
B
1
6
11
16
21
26
31
36
Argentum klorida
Solar energy
Tenaga suria
Nuclear power
Kuasa nuklear
Wind power
Kuasa angin
Neutralisation
Peneutralan
Displacement reaction
Tindak balas penyesaran
Endothermic:
Peneutralan
Endotermik:
Ikatan kovalen
Perubahan suhu = 38 25 = 13 C
Heat released = mc
Haba dibebaskan = mc
Thermal dissociation:
CaCO3 (s)
CaCO3 (p)
11
SULIT
= 2.75 g
Number mole of methanol
= 2.75 = 0.086
32
= 5 880 = 117.6 kJ
0.05
Heat of neutralisation
= 18.270 = 212.44 kJ
0.086
Haba peneutralan
= 117.6 kJ mol1
(iii) Energy
Tenaga
Heat of combustion
Haba pembakaran
= 212.44 kJ mol
6 (a) (i) If heat energy is absorbed from the
surroundings, it is an endothermic
reaction. The water molecules gain
kinetic energy, move faster, and
able to overcome the forces between
them.
H= negative
NaCl (aq) + H2O (l)
NaCl (ak) + H2O (ce)
H= positive
CaCO3 (p)
(b) (i)
Thermometer
Termometer
Windshield
Penghadang angin
Water
Air
Tripod stand
Copper can
Bikar kuprum
Spirit lamp
Pelita
Alcohol
Wooden block
Alkohol
Bongkah kayu
12 + (1 3) + 16 + 1 = 32
Mass of methanol burnt
= 125.75 123.00
CaCO3 (s)
H= -57.12kJ mol-1
CH3COOH (aq)
CH3COO (aq) + H + (aq)
CH3COOH (ak)
CH3COO (ak) + H + (ak)
Tenaga
H= -210 kJ mol-1
ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu (s)
ZnSO4 (ak) + Cu (p)
(b) (i)
Thermometer
Termometer
Zinc
Zink
Copper sulphate
Kuprum sulfat
2. Colour of
colourless.
solution
turns
to
12
Magnesium
Magnesium
= 50 0.2
1000
= 0.01 mol
SULIT
(Penambahan suhu)
(b)
Experiment Experiment Experiment
Eksperimen
I
II
Eksperimen I Eksperimen II
(k)
Nama asid
T1
Heat of
Type of
neutralisation/
acid
Jenis asid
kJ mol1
Haba
peneutralan/
kJ mol1
Suhu awal
campuran/C
Ethanoic
acid
50.3
Weak acid
Nitric acid
57.2
Strong acid
Hydrochloric
acid
57.3
Strong acid
Asid lemah
Asid etanoik
T2
Suhu
tertinggi
campuran/C
Asid nitrik
T3
Perubahan
suhu/C
(d) 7 C
(e) Change in temperature = Highest
temperature of mixture Initial
temperature of mixture
Perubahan suhu = Suhu tertinggi campuran
Suhu awal campuran
Asid kuat
Asid kuat
Asid
hidroklorik
Energy change
Perubahan tenaga
Energy change
Perubahan tenaga
TOPICAL TEST 5
UJIAN TOPIKAL 5
PAPER 1
KERTAS 1
1
6
11
16
21
26
31
A
B
D
C
B
B
B
2
7
12
17
22
27
D
A
C
A
D
C
3
8
13
18
23
28
D
D
D
B
C
B
4
9
14
19
24
29
C
B
D
A
D
D
5
10
15
20
25
30
D
C
B
B
A
D
PAPER 2
KERTAS 2
(ii)
O
C17H35 C O-
2 (a)
Eksperimen I
Name of
acid
Change in temperature: 6 C
Hydroforbik Hydrophylic
Experiment I
Experiment II
Eksperimen I
Eksperimen II
26 C
26 C
66 C
66 C
48.60 g
48.75 g
47.42 g
47.95 g
Hidrofobik
Hidrofilik
(b)
Manipulated variable: Using difference
Pemboleh ubah
type of alcohol
dimanipulasikan:
Types of alcohol
Jenis alkohol
Gunakan jenis
alkohol yang
berbeza
H = 2520
0.05
= 50.4 kJ
(i) Heat of neutralisation of Experiment
I is lower than heat neutralisation for
Experiment II as to weak acid is used
in Experiment I whereas Experiment
II uses strong acid. The heat released
in Experiment I is lesser because small
portion of heat released in Experiment I is
absorbed to dissociate the ethanoic acid.
Volume of water/
Same increment of
temperature
(h) E = mc
= (50 + 50) 4.2 6
= 2 520 J
Change in
temperature
/C
Pemboleh ubah
dimalarkan:
32
Constant variable:
KERTAS 3
Highest
temperature
of mixture/
C
the
PAPER 3
26
in
Initial
temperature
of mixture/
C
used
cup
13
SULIT
(b) (i)
Soaps
Detergents
Sabun
Detergen
Sodium salt of
carboxylic acid
Garam natrium
dari asid
karboksilik
Ionic end is
COO
Effective in soft
water
Sodium salt of
sulphonic acid
Garam natrium
bagi asid sulfonik
Terbiodegradasi
(c)
Soaps
(c) 1. Aspirin
Sodium salt of
carboxylic acid
Aspirin
2. Paracetamol
Parasetamol
Effective in hard
water
Nonbiodegradable
Tidak
terbiodegradasi
untuk
(ii) To
retard
the
growth
of
microorganisms so that the food can
be stored for a longer period.
Untuk
merencatkan
pertumbuhan
mikroorganisma supaya makanan boleh
disimpan dengan lebih lama.
(b) (i)
Ester
Flavour
Ester
Rasa
Bentyl ethanoate
Strawberry
Octyl ethanoate
Orange
Bentil etanoat
Strawberi
Oktil etanoat
Ethyl butanoate
Etil butanoat
Oren
Pineapple
Nanas
2. Artificial flavour.
Perisa sintetik.
Effective in soft
water
Effective in hard
water
Biodegradable
Non-biodegradable
7 (i)
(b) Antioxidant
Antipengoksidaan
Mononatrium glutamat
Ubat psikoteraputik
Kafein
Menyebabkan ketagihan.
Mewarnakan makanan.
Menyebabkan alahan.
(g) Aspartame
Aspartam
Example: Gelatin
Contoh: Gelatin
(ii)
menghilangkan
Untuk
membunuh
dan
pertumbuhan bakteria.
Mentega kacang.
(ii) Caffeine
Tidak
terbiodegradasi
Berkesan dalam
air liat
Agen peluntur.
Detergen
Sodium salt of
sulphonic acid
Lidah buaya
Detergents
Sabun
Biodegradable
Nama jenama
Expire date
Tarikh luput
PAPER 3
KERTAS 3
(b) Variable:
Pemboleh ubah:
SULIT
(c) Hypothesis:
Prosedur:
Kerosakan hati.
Basin Cleansing
Besen agent used
Observation
Pemerhatian
Agen pencuci
Detergent
Detergen
Sabun
Kotoran minyak
masih tinggal
Lime water
Air kapur
Zinc carbonate
Zink karbonat
Karbon dioksida
PAPER 1
1
6
11
16
21
26
31
36
41
46
C
B
D
B
A
D
D
B
B
C
B
C
D
B
C
A
C
C
D
B
3
8
13
18
23
28
33
38
43
48
C
A
C
C
C
B
C
B
C
B
4
9
14
19
24
29
34
39
44
49
D
C
B
D
B
D
C
A
B
B
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
A
B
D
C
A
A
B
C
C
B
Zink
(f) Rusting
Pengaratan
5 (a) OH ions
Ion OH
By forming alloys.
Litium
(ii)
= 25 4.2 7 J
= 735 J
= 0.735 kJ
(f) Number of moles of copper ions used
(ii) Zinc
(b) Lithium
PAPER 2
KERTAS 2
KERTAS 1
= 0.04 24
= 0.96 dm3
= 9.6 cm3
(e) (i) ZnCO3 (s) ZnO (s) + CO2 (g)
Soap
Dari 0 ke +2
Penjadualan data:
5.0
65 + 12 + 3(16)
= 0.04 moles/mol
(d) Maximum volume of carbon dioxide
produced
(d) From 0 to +2
Biru
4 (a) Blue
Cl
(e) Procedure:
Na
(MSG)/
Hipotesis:
glutamate
(e) (i)
Bilangan mol
digunakan
15
bagi
ion
kuprum
yang
SULIT
= MV
1000
= 0.2(25)
1000
= 0.005 moles/mol
0.005 mole of copper is formed
H = 0.735
0.005
= 147 kJ
(g)
Molten
aluminium
oxides
dissociates into Al 3+ ions and O2
ions.
Leburan aluminium oksida mengurai
kepada ion Al 3+ dan ion O2.
collision
perlanggaran
Concentration of reactant.
V2O5
V2O5
in
dalam
Nickel, Ni in hydrogenation of an
alkene.
Nikel, Ni dalam penghidrogenan bagi
alkena.
Energy
Tenaga
Ea
Zn + H2SO4
balas
of
Kriolit (Na3AlF6)
Karbon dioksida
tindak
Tenaga
The frequency
increase.
Energy
Ini membolehkan
bermula.
Products
Hasil
Ec
H2 + ZnSO4
Copper(II)
sulphate
solution
acts as a positive catalyst in the
decomposition of zinc because
copper(II)
sulphate
solution
provides an alternative pathway
which consists of a lower activation
energy.
Larutan kuprum(II) sulfat bertindak
sebagai mangkin positif dalam
penguraian zink kerana larutan
kuprum(II) sulfat memberikan laluan
alternatif yang mempunyai tenaga
pengaktifan yang rendah.
16
Campuran digoncangkan.
SULIT
(ii)
Glass
Ceramic
Kaca
Seramik
Transparent
Opaque
Softens when
heated
High melting
point, hence retains
shape on heating
Lutsinar
Legap
Lembut apabila
dipanaskan
Impermeable
4NH3 + 5O2
4NO + 6H2O
Nitrogen monoxide is further oxidised
to nitrogen dioxide.
Nitrogen monoksida dioksidakan
kepada nitrogen dioksida.
lagi
2NO + O2 2NO2
(b) Nitrogen dioxide is dissolved in water
to produce nitric acid.
ke
Tenaga
Set I
Set II
28.8C
27.4C
37.4C
38.4C
H= 180.6 kJ mol-1
Fe2+ (aq) + Cu (s)
Fe2+ (ak) + Fe (p)
Set
Initial
Highest
Temperature
change/ C
Perubahan
suhu/ C
28.8
37.4
8.6
II
27.4
38.4
11
variable:
Heat
of
2+
= 2 = 0.083 moles
24
= 2 = 0.083 mol
24
= 2 = 0.031 moles
65
= 2 = 0.031 mol
65
untuk
hilang
1 (a)
to
Energy
(b)
telah
lost
KERTAS 3
No precipitate is formed.
10 (a) (i) Composite material is a structural
material formed by combining two or
more material with different physical
properties, producing a complex
mixture.
been
(j)
PAPER 3
has
Sebahagian haba
persekitaran.
Biasanya berliang
kecuali dilicau
ammonia
dengan
Usually porous
except when
glazed
Tidak telap
2 (a) Problem:
Masalah:
(b) Variable:
Pemboleh ubah:
of
(c) Hypothesis:
Hipotesis:
SULIT
(e) Procedure:
Prosedur:
Element
Observation
Unsur
Pemerhatian
X
Y
Z
18
SULIT