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MID-YEAR EXAMINATION (CHAPTER 1 TO CHAPTER 3)

PEPERIKSAAN PERTENGAHAN TAHUN (BAB 1 HINGGA BAB 3)

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27

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Question 1 and Question 2 are based on

Diagram 1.
Soalan 1 dan 2 adalah berdasarkan Rajah 1.

1 Diagram 1 shows the volume of

hydrogen gas in a reaction when a
piece of granulated zinc is added
into hydrochloric acid.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan isi padu gas hidrogen
dalam satu tindak balas apabila satu ketulan
zink ditambahkan ke dalam asid hidroklorik.

B The rate of reaction is constant if

the reaction is carried out at a
very high temperature.
Kadar tindak balas adalah malar jika
tindak balas dijalankan pada suhu tinggi.

C The rate of reaction doubles when

the amount of catalyst is doubled.
Kadar tindak balas berganda dua apabila
jumlah mangkin adalah dua kali ganda.

D It will be very rapid if the

activation energy is high.
Ia akan bertindak balas dengan cepat jika
tenaga pengaktifan adalah tinggi.

5 The reaction between sulphuric acid

and magnesium ribbon becomes
slower as the reaction progresses
because
Tindak balas antara asid sulfurik dan pita
magnesium menjadi lambat apabila tindak
balas berterusan kerana

A the amount of hydrogen gas is

increasing.

Diagram 1 Rajah 1

What is the average rate of overall

reaction?
Apakah kadar purata bagi tindak balas
keseluruhan?

A 0.18 cm3 s1
B 0.16 cm3 s1

C 0.32 cm3 s1
D 0.13 cm3 s1

2 What is the average rate of reaction

between 60 and 90 second?
Apakah kadar tindak balas purata antara 60
dan 90 saat?

A 0.133 cm3 s1
B 0.167 cm3 s1

C 0.533 cm3 s1
D 0.267 cm3 s1

3 Which of the following can be used

to determine the rate of reaction?
Antara yang berikut, manakah boleh
digunakan untuk menentukan kadar tindak
balas?

I The change of the pH.

Perubahan pH.

II The change of the temperature.

Perubahan suhu.

III The
change
conductivity.

of

electrical

Perubahan kekonduksian elektrik.

IV The mass change of reaction

mixture.
Perubahan jisim bagi campuran tindak
balas.

A I and II only
I dan II sahaja

B II and III only

II dan III sahaja

C I, II and III only

I, II dan III sahaja

D I, II, III and IV

I, II, III dan IV

4 Which of the following statements is

correct about the rate of reaction?
Antara pernyataan berikut, yang manakah
betul tentang kadar tindak balas?

A It is usually increased when the

concentration of one of the
reactants in increased.

jumlah gas hidrogen meningkat.

Masa, t yang diambil bagi tindak balas yang

lengkap dicatatkan. Antara graf yang berikut,
manakah
menunjukkan
hubungan
antara kepekatan larutan natrium tiosulfat
melawan ?

B the temperature is increased.

suhu meningkat.

C the mass of the magnesium

ribbon is decreasing.
jisim pita magnesium menurun.

D the solution becomes saturated

with magnesium sulphate.
larutan menjadi tepu dengan magnesium
sulfat.

6 Which of the following mixtures

will result in the lowest reaction
rate?
Antara campuran yang berikut, yang
manakah akan menghasilkan kadar tindak
balas yang paling rendah?

A 20 cm3 of 1 mol dm3

hydrochloric acid and 2 g of
marble chips.
20 cm3 asid hidroklorik 1 mol dm3 dan
2 g serpihan marmar.

B 20 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm3

hydrochloric acid and 4 g of
marble chips.

20 cm3 asid hidroklorik 0.2 mol dm3 dan

4 g serpihan marmar.

C 20 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm3

hydrochloric acid and 4 g of
marble powder.
20 cm3 asid hidroklorik 0.2 mol dm3 dan
4 g serbuk marmar.

D 20 cm3 of 2 mol dm3

hydrochloric acid and 2 g of
marble powder.
3

20 cm asid hidroklorik 2 mol dm dan 2

g serbuk marmar.

7 Diagram 2 shows the set-up of the

apparatus for the reaction between
sodium thiosulphate solution and
dilute sulphuric acid to form a
precipitate.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi
tindak balas antara larutan natrium thiosulfat
dan asid sulfurik cair untuk membentuk
mendakan.

8 Table 1 shows the reacting

conditions
of
two
sets
of
experiments.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan keadaan tindak balas
bagi dua set eksperimen.

Ia biasanya meningkat apabila kepekatan

salah satu bahan tindak balas meningkat.
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Diagram 2 Rajah 2

The time, t, taken for the reaction to

complete is recorded. Which of the
following
graphs
shows
the
relationship
between
the
concentration of sodium thiosulphate
solution against ?

I
28

0.5 g of calcium carbonate is

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added in 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol

dm3 hydrochloric acid.

Antara sebab-sebab yang berikut, yang

manakah betul tentang penggunaan mangkin
dalam industri?

0.5 g kalsium karbonat ditambahkan

ke dalam 50 cm3 asid hidroklorik
1.0 mol dm3.

I Increase the rate of products

formation.

II 0.5 g of calcium carbonate is

added in 50 cm3 of 2.0 mol
dm3 hydrochloric acid.
0.5 g kalsium karbonat ditambahkan
ke dalam 50 cm3 asid hidroklorik
2.0 mol dm3.

Table 1 Jadual 1

Which of the following shows the

volume of carbon dioxide collected
against time for both experiments is
correct?
Antara berikut, yang manakah menunjukkan
isi padu karbon dioksida yang dikumpulkan
melawan masa untuk kedua-dua eksperimen
adalah betul?

Meningkatkan kadar penghasilan produk.

II Lower cost of manufacturing in a

shorter time.
Mengurangkan kos pembuatan dalam
masa yang singkat.

III To produce a better quality of

product.
Bagi menghasilkan produk yang lebih
berkualiti.

IV Save energy and time.

mempunyai jumlah kawasan permukaan

yang
kecil
didedahkan
kepada
perlanggaran.

D have a low activation energy.

mempunyai
rendah.

tenaga

pengaktifan

yang

12 Diagram 3 shows an energy profile

diagram for a reaction represented
by the following equation:
Satu rajah 3 menunjukkan rajah profil tenaga
bagi tindak balas yang diwakili oleh
persamaan berikut:

L+MN+O

Menjimatkan tenaga dan masa.

A I and II only
I dan II sahaja

B I and IV only
I dan IV sahaja

C I, II and III only

I, II dan III sahaja

D I, II and IV only
I, II dan IV sahaja

10 Which
of
the
following
interpretations are correct about the
collision theory of chemical
reaction?
Antara tafsiran yang berikut, manakah
adalah betul tentang teori perlanggaran bagi
tindak balas kimia?

I The rate depends on the

frequency of effective collision.
Kadar adalah bergantung kepada
kekerapan perlanggaran berkesan.

II The rate depends on the mass of

the reactant molecules.
III The rate depends on the
magnitude of activation energy.

A manganese(IV) oxide has a larger

surface area.

kepada

IVThe rate depends on kinetic

energy of the colliding particles.
A I and II only
I dan II sahaja

B II and IV only
II dan IV sahaja

C I, III and IV only

I, III dan IV sahaja

D II, III and IV only

II, III dan IV sahaja

11 When the particle size of a fixed

mass of solid reactant is smaller, the
rate of reaction increases because
smaller pieces of solid reactant
Apabila saiz zarah bagi pepejal bahan tindak
balas yang berjisim tetap adalah lebih kecil,
kadar tindak balas meningkat kerana ketulan
pepejal bahan tindak balas yang kecil

A have a larger total surface area

exposed for collision.
mempunyai jumlah kawasan permukaan
yang
besar
didedahkan
kepada
perlanggaran.

B have a high kinetic energy.

9 Which of the following reasons are
correct about the uses of catalysts in
industry?
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13 The rate of decomposition of

hydrogen peroxide can be increased
by adding manganese(IV) oxide.
This is because
Kadar penguraian bagi hidrogen peroksida
boleh ditingkatkan dengan menambahkan
mangan(IV) oksida. Ini adalah kerana

Kadar bergantung kepada tenaga kinetik

bagi zarah-zarah yang berlanggar.

Antara bahagian yang berlabel A, B, C dan

D, yang manakah menunjukkan tenaga
pengaktifan bagi tindak balas tersebut?

Kadar adalah bergantung kepada jisim

bagi molekul bahan tindak balas.

Kadar adalah bergantung

magnitud tenaga pengaktifan.

Diagram 3 Rajah 3

Which of the parts labelled A, B, C

and D, shows the activation energy
for the reaction?

mempunyai tenaga kinetik yang tinggi.

C have smaller total surface area

exposed for collision.
29

mangan(IV) oksida mempunyai kawasan

permukaan yang tinggi.

B manganese(IV)
oxide
can
increase the concentration of
hydrogen peroxide in the
reaction.
mangan(IV) oksida boleh meningkatkan
kepekatan hidrogen peroksida dalam
tindak balas.

C manganese(IV) oxide can reduce

the activation energy of the
reaction.
mangan(IV) oksida boleh menurunkan
tenaga pengaktifan bagi tindak balas.

D manganese(IV)
oxide
can
increase the kinetic energy of
hydrogen peroxide particles.
mangan(IV) oksida boleh meningkatkan
tenaga kinetik zarah-zarah hidrogen
peroksida.

14 How does the increase of pressure in

a chemical reaction raise the rate of
reaction?
Bagaimanakah penambahan tekanan dalam
suatu tindak balas kimia meningkatkan kadar
tindak balas?

I There is increase in the molecules

per unit volume of gas.
Molekul per unit isi padu bagi gas
menambah.

II Increase the frequency

effective collisions.

of

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Meningkatkan kekerapan perlanggaran

berkesan.

III Increase the total number of

particles in the gas.
Meningkatkan jumlah bilangan zarahzarah dalam gas.

IV Increase the total surface area for

collision.
Meningkatkan
jumlah
kawasan
permukaan bagi perlanggaran.

A I and II only

Lemak

Alkohol

B Starch

D Petroleum

Kanji

Petroleum

19 Diagram 4 shows the structural

formula of an organic compound.

23 Diagram 5 shows the structure of

compound X and compound Y.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan struktur bagi sebatian
X dan sebatian Y.

Rajah 4 menunjukkan formula struktur bagi

satu sebatian organik.

C II and IV only

I dan II sahaja

Compound X

II dan IV sahaja

Sebatian X

B I and III only D III and IV only

I dan III sahaja

III dan IV sahaja

15 Which of the following match of

industrial process and catalysts are
incorrect?
Antara padanan bagi proses industri dan
mangkin berikut, yang manakah tidak betul?

Industrial
process

Diagram 4 Rajah 4

What is the IUPAC name of the

organic compound?
A Pentane
Pentana

Catalyst

B 2, 4-dimethylpentane

Mangkin

2, 4-dimetilpentana

Proses industri

C 2-ethyl-4-methylpentane

Vanadium (V) oksida

C Margarine
production

Aluminium
oxide

Penghasilan
marjerin

20 What are the products formed when

butane burns in insufficient supply
of air?
Apakah hasil yang terbentuk apabila butana
dibakar dalam keadaan kekurangan bekalan
udara?

Aluminium oksida

A Butane and water

D Ostwald
process

Butana dan air

Platinum
Platinum

Karbon dan hidrogen

16 Which of the following is an

inorganic compound?
A Ethanol

manakah

adalah

C Carbon dioxide

Etanol

Karbon dioksida

B Petroleum

D Fat

Petroleum

D Carbon monoxide and methane

A hexane
17 A non-hydrocarbon is an organic
compound that contains
Bahan bukan hidrokarbon adalah
sebatian organik yang mengandungi

satu

A carbon and hydrogen only.

karbon, hidrogen, oksigen dan nitrogen.

C carbon only.

B pentane
pentana

18 Below shows a molecular formula

that can be found in a compound X.
Di bawah menunjukkan satu formula molekul
yang boleh dijumpai dalam sebatian X.

CH3(CH2)4CH3
Which of the following is compound
X?
A Fat

C Alcohol

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Konduktor elektrik

C It is in solid
form
Ia adalah dalam
bentuk pepejal

D Less sooty
flame
Nyalaan kurang
jelaga

It is in liquid
form
Ia adalah dalam
bentuk cecair

More sooty
flame
Nyalaan lebih jelaga

Di bawah menunjukkan persamaan tindak

balas antara pentana dan gas bromin.

C heptane
heptana
propana

22 The following chemical equation

shows the reaction between hexane
and oxygen.

hidrogen sahaja.

manakah

Conductors of
electricity

24 Below shows the equation of the

reaction between pentene and
bromine gas.

heksana

Persamaan kimia yang berikut menunjukkan

tindak balas antara heksana dan oksigen.

karbon sahaja.

D hydrogen only.

berikut,

Larut dalam pelarut

organik

D propane

karbon dan hidrogen sahaja.

B carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and

nitrogen.

Antara yang
sebatian X?

Soluble in
organic solvents

Bukan konduktor
elektrik

Pembakaran lengkap bagi 1 mol hidrokarbon

Y menghasilkan 8 mol air. Alkana Y adalah

Lemak

Sebatian Y

B Nonconductors of
electricity

Karbon monoksida dan metana

21 Complete combustion of 1 mole of a

hydrocarbon Y produces 8 moles of
water. Alkane Y is

Compound Y

Sebatian X

Tidak larut dalam

pelarut organik

Karbon monoksida dan air

C Carbon and hydrogen

Compound X
A Insoluble in
organic
solvents

B Carbon monoxide and water

Proses Ostwald

Antara yang berikut,

sebatian tak organik?

Antara perbezaan sebatian yang berikut,

manakah adalah betul?

3, 5-dimetilbutana

Vanadium (V)
oxide

Proses Sentuh

Diagram 5 Rajah 5

Which of the following difference

on these compounds is correct?

D 3, 5-dimethylbutane

Serbuk besi

B Contact
process

Sebatian Y

2-etil-4-metilpentana

A Haber process Iron powder

Proses Haber

Compound Y

Apakah nama IUPAC bagi sebatian organik

tersebut?

adalah

2C6H14 + 19O2 12CO2 +

14H2O
What is the minimum weight of
oxygen required for the complete
combustion of 1 mole of hexane?
Apakah berat minimum bagi oksigen yang
diperlukan untuk pembakaran lengkap bagi 1
mol heksana?

A
B
C
D

304 g
152 g
204 g
608 g
30

What is the structural formula of Q?

Apakah formula struktur bagi Q?

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25 Calculate the volume of carbon

dioxide gas produced when 4.0 g of
butene is completely burned in air.
[Relative atomic mass: H, 1; C, 12; 1
mole of gas occupies a volume of 24
dm3 at room temperature and
pressure]
Hitungkan isi padu gas karbon dioksida yang
terbentuk apabila 4.0 g butena dibakar
lengkap dalam udara.
[Jisim atom relatif: H, 1; C; 12; 1 mol gas
menempati isi padu sebanyak 24 dm 3 pada
suhu dan tekanan bilik]
3

A 6.0 dm
B 3.5 dm3

C 6.9 dm
D 5.5 dm3

26 The following shows the structural

formula of butene.
Yang berikut menunjukkan formula struktur
bagi butena.

CH3 CH = CH CH3
Which of the following is the isomer
of butene?

What is the name of the compound

Z?

29 The following word equation shows

a chemical reaction.

Apakah nama bagi sebatian Z?

Berikut menunjukkan persamaan perkataan

bagi satu tindak balas kimia.

A Ethyl propanoate
Etil proponoat

B Propyl ethanoate
Propil etanoat

C Propyl propanoate
Propil propanoat

Which of the following is Y?

D Ethyl ethanoate

Antara yang berikut, manakah adalah Y?

Etil etanoat

A Yeast
Yis

33 Latex from rubber trees will coagulate

with a faster rate when mixed with

B Oil
Minyak

C Glucose

Lateks dari pokok getah akan menggumpal

dengan lebih cepat apabila dicampur dengan

Glukosa

A ammonia solution

D Sulphuric acid

larutan ammonia

Asid sulfurik

B ammonium chloride
ammonia klorida

30 What is the functional group of a

carboxylic acids?
Apakah kumpulan
karboksilik?

berfungsi

bagi

C ethanoic acid
asid etanoik

asid

D water
air

A Hydroxyl group
Kumpulan hidroksil

Antara yang berikut, manakah adalah isomer

bagi butena?

B Carbon-carbon double bond

C Carboxyl group

Ikatan ganda dua karbon-karbon

Kumpulan karboksil

34 Which of the following metal

compound is the strongest reducing
agent?
Antara sebatian logam yang berikut,
manakah adalah agen penurunan yang paling
kuat?

D Carboxylate group

Kumpulan karboksilat

31 What is the structural formula of the

organic compound formed when
ethanoic acid reacts with propanol?

Apakah formula struktur bagi sebatian

organik terbentuk apabila asid etanoik
bertindak balas dengan propanol?

27 C4H10 has how many isomer?

A Zn
B Pb

35 Chlorine shows different oxidation

number in different compounds.
Which of the following shows the
oxidation number of NaClO, HClO4
and Cl2O?
Klorin menunjukkan nombor pengoksidaan
yang berbeza dalam sebatian yang berbeza.
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah
menunjukkan nombor pengoksidaan bagi
NaClO, HClO4 dan Cl2O?

C4H10 mempunyai berapa isomer?

A 2
B 5

C 4
D 8

A
B
C
D

28 Which of the following represents

the structural formula of an alcohol?
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah mewakili
formula struktur bagi alkohol?

C Ag
D Sn

NaClO

HClO4

Cl2O

1
+1
+2
0

0
+7
1
+6

+1
+1
2
+4

36 The following is an ionic equation

for a reaction.

Berikut adalah persamaan ion bagi satu

tindak balas.

Zn (s) + 2H+ (aq) Zn2+ (aq) + H2 (g)

Zn (p) + 2H+ (ak) Zn2+ (ak) + H2 (g)

32 The following chemical equation

shows the formation of an organic
compound.
Berikut menunjukkan persamaan kimia bagi
pembentukan sebatian organik.

Which of the following statements is

true about the reaction?
Antara pernyataan yang berikut, manakah
adalah betul tentang tindak balas tersebut?

A Zn is the oxidising agent.

Zn adalah agen pengoksidaan.

B Oxidation number of hydrogen

changes from +2 to 0.
Nombor pengoksidaan bagi hidrogen
berubah dari +2 ke 0.
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31

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C Hydrogen ion is oxidised.

A Fe (s)
Fe (s)
Fe2+ (aq) + 2e Fe3+ (aq) + 3e

Ion hidrogen dioksidakan.

D Zn is oxidised.

Fe (p)
Fe2+ (ak) + 2e

Zn dioksidakan.

37 Diagram 6 shows an experiment to

observe the transfer of electrons.
Rajah 6 menunjukkan satu eksperimen bagi
memerhatikan pemindahan elektron.

B 4OH (aq)
2H2O (l) + O2
(g) + 4e
4OH (ak)
2H2O (ce) + O2 (g)
+ 4e

C Fe2+ (aq)
Fe3+ (aq) + e
Fe2+ (ak)
Fe3+ (ak) + e

Diagram 6 Rajah 6

C Magnesium

Fe (s)
Fe2+ (aq) + 2e

D Silver

Fe (p)
Fe2+ (ak) + 2e

Fe (s)
Fe3+ (aq) + 3e
Fe (p)
Fe3+ (ak) + 3e

Antara pernyataan yang berikut, manakah

adalah benar?

A The colour of the potassium

bromide solution changes from
colourless to orange.
Warna bagi larutan kalium bromida
berubah dari tidak berwarna kepada
warna jingga.

B The colour of chlorine water

changes to dark blue.

D Fe (s)
4OH (aq)
Fe2+ (aq) + 2e 2H2O (l) + O2 (g)
Fe (p)
+ 4e
2+

Fe (ak) + 2e

4OH (ak)
2H2O (ce) + O2 (g) +
4e

40 Diagram 8 shows three iron nails which

are wrapped with metals L, M and N
and then are placed in potassium
hexacyanoferrate(III) solution.
Rajah 8 menunjukkan tiga batang paku besi
yang dibalutkan dengan logam L, M dan N
dan kemudian diletakkan ke dalam larutan
kalium heksasianoferat(III).

A 2.8.1
B 2.8.8
C 2.8.6
D 2.8.7
39 Diagram 7 shows the rusting
process of iron.
Rajah 7 menunjukkan proses pengaratan bagi
besi.

A Magnesium oxide
Magnesium oksida

B Copper oxide
Kuprum oksida

C Aluminium oxide
Aluminium oksida

D Zinc oxide
Zink oksida

43 Below shows a portion of the

reactivity series of metals.
Di bawah menunjukkan sebahagian daripada
siri kereaktifan bagi logam.

... , Al, Y, Zn, ...

What is element Y?
Apakah elemen Y?

Karbon
Hidrogen

D Calcium
Kalsium

agen

Unsur P adalah agen pengoksidaan yang

kuat. Antara yang berikut, yang manakah
paling berkemungkinan bagi susunan
elektron bagi atom P?

Antara yang berikut, manakah logam oksida

yang boleh diturunkan kepada logam dengan
menggunakan besi?

C Hydrogen

D Chlorine water acts as a reducing

agent.

38 Element P is a strong oxidising

agent. Which of the following most
likely to be the electron arrangement
of P atom?

42 Which of the following metal oxides

can be reduced to the metal using
iron?

Kuprum

Elektron mengalir dari elektrod Y to X

melalui dawai penyambung.

sebagai

Perak

B Carbon

C Electrons flow from electrode Y

to X through the connecting wire.

bertindak

Magnesium

A Copper

Warna bagi air klorin berubah kepada

biru tua.

Air klorin
penurunan.

Plumbum

Fe (p)
Fe3+ (ak) + 3e

Which of the following statements if

true?

Kuprum

B Lead

Diagram 8 Rajah 8

After 2 days, the results are shown

in the table below.
Selepas 2 hari, keputusan ditunjukkan dalam
jadual di bawah.

44 The table below shows the results of

displacement reactions.
Jadual di bawah menunjukkan keputusan
bagi tindak balas penyesaran.

Solution CuSO4
Larutan
(aq)
Metal
CuSO4 (ak)

Pair of metals Intensity of dark

Pasangan logam
blue colouration

Logam

Keamatan warna biru

tua

Iron + L

None
Tiada

Iron + M

Low

Rendah

Iron + N

Tinggi

Arrange metals L, M and N in

increasing order of reactivity.
Susunkan logam L, M dan N dalam urutan
kereaktifan secara meningkat.

Diagram 7 Rajah 7

Which of the following equations

occurs at the anode and cathode?
Antara persamaan yang berikut, manakah
persamaan yang berlaku di anod dan katod?

Anode

Cathode

Anod

Katod

A
B
C
D

N, M, L
L, M, N
M, L, N
M, N, L

MgSO4 (ak)

ZnSO4 (ak)

Kuprum
disesarkan

Magnesium
disesarkan

No
change

No change No
Tiada
change
perubahan

Zink
disesarkan

Tiada
perubahan

Copper is No change Zinc is

displaced Tiada
displaced
Kuprum
disesarkan

perubahan

Zink
disesarkan

Arrange the metals in descending

order of reactivity.
Susunkan logam tersebut secara menurun
mengikuti kereaktifan.

41 Which of the following metals can

act as the sacrificial metal to protect
iron from rusting?
Antara logam yang berikut, manakah boleh
bertindak sebagai logam korban bagi
melindungi besi daripada berkarat?

A Copper
Navision (M) Sdn. Bhd. (690640-P)

ZnSO4
(aq)

Copper is Magnesium Zinc is

displaced is displaced displaced

Tiada
perubahan

High

MgSO4
(aq)

32

A
B
C
D

O, P, Q
O, Q, P
Q, P, O
P, O, Q

45 A mixture of magnesium powder,

copper oxide and calcium oxide is
heated in a crucible until no more
SULIT

reaction occurs. After heating, the

mixture contains
Suatu campuran serbuk magnesium, kuprum
oksida dan kalsium oksida dipanaskan dalam
mangkuk pijar sehingga tiada lagi tindak
balas berlaku. Selepas pemanasan, campuran
tersebut mengandungi

A calcium
oxide,
magnesium
powder and copper oxide.
kalsium oksida, serbuk magnesium dan
kuprum oksida.

B calcium, magnesium oxide and

copper oxide.
kalsium, magnesium oksida dan kuprum
oksida.

C calcium oxide, magnesium oxide

and copper.
kalsium oksida, magnesium oksida dan
kuprum.

D calcium oxide, magnesium oxide

and copper oxide.
kalsium oksida, magnesium oksida dan
kuprum oksida.

What modification can be made so

that a lower voltage is obtained?
Apakah pengubahsuaian yang boleh dibuat
supaya voltan yang rendah dapat diperoleh?

A Change the voltmeter.

Tukar voltmeter.

B Reduce the distance between

aluminium and iron plates.
Mengurangkan
jarak
aluminium dan plat besi.

antara

plat

C Replace the aluminium plate with

carbon.
Menggantikan plat aluminium dengan
karbon.

D Replace the sodium chloride with

copper sulphate.
Menggantikan natrium klorida dengan
kuprum sulfat.

48 Diagram 10 shows the set-up of the

Daniell cell.
Rajah 10 menunjukkan susunan bagi sel
Daniell.

46 Which of the following can be used

to extract zinc from zinc nitrate in
laboratory?

Kalsium

II Tin
A I and II only
I dan II sahaja
I dan III sahaja

III dan IV sahaja

47 Diagram 9 shows the set-up for a

simple chemical cell.
Rajah 9 menunjukkan susunan bagi satu sel
kimia ringkas.

Diagram 10 Rajah 10

Which of the following equations

occurs at the negative electrode and
positive electrode?
Antara yang berikut, manakah persamaan
yang berlaku di elektrod negatif dan elektrod
positif?

Positive
electrode

Negative
electrode

Elektrode positif

Elektrode negatif

Cu2+ (ak) + 2e Zn (p)

Cu (p)
Zn2+ (ak) + 2e

B Zn2+ (aq) + 2e Cu (s)

Zn (s)
Cu2+ (aq) + 2e

Navision (M) Sdn. Bhd. (690640-P)

Jadual di bawah menunjukkan maklumat bagi

voltan daripada tiga sel ringkas.

Pair of
metals

Voltage (V)
Voltan (V)

Pasangan
logam

Positive
terminal
Terminal
positif

4.50

1.00

0.40

O dan M

A Cu2+ (aq) + 2e Zn (s)

Cu (s)
Zn2+ (aq) + 2e

Diagram 9 Rajah 9

CuSO4 (ak) Cu2+

(ak) + SO42 (ak)

49 The table below shows the

information of voltage obtained from
three simple cells.

O and M

Hidrogen
II dan III sahaja

ZnSO4 (ak)
Zn2+ (ak) + SO42
(ak)

N dan M

Karbon

B I and III only D III and IV only

D ZnSO4 (aq) CuSO4 (aq)

Zn2+ (aq) +
Cu2+ (aq) + SO42
2
SO4 (aq)
(aq)

N and M

III Carbon

C II and III only

Zn (p) Zn2+ (ak) Cu2+ (ak) + 2e

+ 2e
Cu (p)

L dan M

IV Hydrogen

Timah

Cu2+ (aq) + 2e
C Zn (s)
2+

Zn (aq) + 2e Cu (s)

L and M

Antara yang berikut, yang manakah boleh

digunakan untuk mengekstrakkan zink
daripada zink nitrat dalam makmal?

I Calcium

Cu2+ (ak) + 2e

Zn (p)

Zn2+ (ak) + 2e Cu (p)

33

What is the voltage of the cell in

which L and O are used as
electrodes?
Apakah voltan bagi cell di mana L dan O
digunakan sebagai elektrod?

A
B
C
D

2.5 V
3.5 V
5.0 V
4.9 V

50 During electrolysis of copper(II)

sulphate solution, the reactions
occurring at the anode are
Semasa elektrolisis bagi larutan kuprum(II)
sulfat, tindak balas yang berlaku di anod
adalah

A
B
C
D

2H+ + 2e H2
Cu2+ + 2e Cu
4OH O2 + 2H2O + 4e
O2 O2 + 2e

SULIT

50/2

SECTION A [60 marks]

4541/2
KIMIA

BAHAGIAN A

[60 markah]

Answer all the question in this section

Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.

Navision (M) Sdn. Bhd. (690640-P)

34

SULIT

KERTAS 2

Navision (M) Sdn. Bhd. (690640-P)

35

SULIT

2 jam 30 minit
1 A student sets up an experiment to investigate the rate of
reaction of calcium carbonate with excess hydrochloric
acid. The student uses a measuring cylinder to collect and
measure the total volume of gas produced every 30 seconds.
The results are shown in Table 1.

The time required for the X mark to disappear from sight

is recorded. Five experiments are carried out with five
different temperatures.
Satu kelalang kon yang mengandungi 50 cm3 larutan natrium tiosulfat
0.1 mol dm3 ditambahkan dengan 5 cm3 asid sulfurik 1 mol dm 3. Kelalang
kon itu diletakkan di atas sekeping kertas putih yang mempunyai tanda
X, seperti ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 1. Masa yang diperlukan bagi tanda
X hilang dari pandangan dicatatkan. Lima eksperimen dijalankan
dengan lima suhu yang berlainan.

Seorang pelajar menjalankan satu eksperimen bagi menyiasat kadar

tindak balas bagi kalsium karbonat dengan asid hidroklorik berlebihan.
Pelajar tersebut menggunakan silinder penyukat untuk mengumpul dan
menyukat jumlah isi padu gas terhasil setiap 30 saat. Keputusan adalah
ditunjukkan dalam Jadual 1.

Time (s)

Volume (cm3)

Masa (s)

Isi padu (cm3)

0
30
60
90
120
150
180

0
20
35
44
47
48
48

Table 1 Jadual 1

Diagram 1 Rajah 1

Table 2 shows the result obtained.

Jadual 2 menunjukkan keputusan yang didapati.

Experiment

20

30

40

50

60

31

10

Eksperimen

(a) Draw the set-up of the apparatus for the experiment.

Lukiskan susunan radas bagi eksperimen tersebut.

Temperature (C)
Suhu ( C)

Time (s)
Masa (s)

1 (s1)
Time
1

[2 marks / 2 markah]
(b) (i) State the gas that released in the experiment.

Table 2 Jadual 2

(a) (i) Write the chemical equation for the reaction

between sodium thiosulphate solution and
sulphuric acid.

Nyatakan gas yang dibebaskan dalam eksperimen.

___________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas antara larutan

natrium tiosulfat dan asid sulfurik.
___________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

(ii) Calculate the average rate of liberation of gas in

cm3 s1.
Kirakan kadar purata bagi pembebasan gas dalam cm3 s1
___________________________________________________
[2 marks / 2 markah]

(ii) Complete the Table 2.

Lengkapkan Jadual 2.
___________________________________________________
[2 marks / 2 markah]

(iii) Write a balanced equation for the reaction.

Tuliskan persamaan seimbang bagi tindak balas tersebut.
___________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

(b) Use the data in the Table 2 to plot a graph of:

Gunakan data dalam Jadual 2, plotkan satu graf bagi:

(i) temperature (C) against time (s).

(c) (i) Give two methods to increase the rate of reaction

without changing the quantity of gas released in
the experiment.

suhu ( C) melawan masa (s).

___________________________________________________
[2 marks / 2 markah]

Beri dua cara bagi meningkatkan kadar tindak balas tanpa

mengubahkan kuantiti gas yang dibebaskan dalam eksperimen.
___________________________________________________
[2 marks / 2 markah]

1
(ii) temperature (C) against
Time
1
suhu ( C) melawan
Masa

.
.

___________________________________________________
[2 marks / 2 markah]

(ii) The rate of reaction decreases as the reaction

proceeds. Briefly explain the reason.

(c) (i) Referring to the graph in (b) (ii), state the

relationship between the temperature and the rate
of reaction.

Kadar tindak balas menurun apabila tindak balas berterusan.

Terangkan sebabnya secara ringkas.

Merujuk kepada graf bagi (b) (ii), nyatakan hubungan antara

suhu dan kadar tindak balas.
___________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

___________________________________________________

[1 mark / 1
markah]

(ii) Use the collision theory to explain how the

temperature affects the rate of reaction.

2 A conical flask containing 50 cm 3 of 0.1 mol dm3 sodium

thiosulphate solution is added with 5 cm 3 of 1 mol dm3
sulphuric acid. The conical flask is placed on top of a piece
of white paper with an X mark, as shown in Diagram 1.
Navision (M) Sdn. Bhd. (690640-P)

(s1)

Masa

Gunakan teori perlanggaran bagi menjelaskan bagaimana

suhu mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas.

36

SULIT

4 Diagram 3 shows the structural formulae of two compound

P and Q.

___________________________________________________
[2 mark / 2 markah]

Rajah 3 menunjukkan formula struktur bagi dua sebatian P dan Q.

(iii) What is meant by rate of reaction?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan oleh kadar tindak balas?
___________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

Diagram 2 shows the flow chart of a series of reactions.

Rajah 2 menunjukkan carta aliran bagi satu siri tindak balas.

Diagram 3 Rajah 3

(a) Write the molecular formula of compound P and

compound Q.
Tuliskan formula molekul bagi sebatian P dan sebatian Q.
________________________________________________________
[2 marks / 2 markah]

(b) Name compound P and compound Q according to

IUPAC nomenclature.

Diagram 2 Rajah 2

(a) Write the molecular formula for:

Namakan sebatian P dan sebatian Q mengikut penamaan IUPAC.

________________________________________________________
[2 marks / 2 markah]

Tuliskan formula molekul bagi:

(i) propanol.
propanol.

(c) Draw the structural formulae of two isomers of

compound P.

___________________________________________________

Lukiskan formula struktur bagi dua isomer sebatian P.

(ii) propanoic acid.

asid propanoik.
___________________________________________________
[2 marks / 2 markah]

(b) (i) Name the process Y and process Z.

Namakan proses Y dan proses Z.
___________________________________________________
[2 marks / 2 markah]

(ii) Identify catalyst M.

[2 marks / 2 markah]
(d) Compound Q can be converted into compound P.

Kenal pastikan mangkin M.

___________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

Sebatian Q boleh ditukar kepada sebatian P.

(i) Draw a labelled diagram for the apparatus used to

carry out this conversion.

(iii) Identify compound X.

Kenal pastikan sebatian X.
___________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

Lukiskan satu rajah yang berlabel bagi radas yang digunakan

untuk menjalankan pengubahan tersebut.

(c) Draw the structural formulae and name the ester.

Lukiskan formula struktur dan namakan ester tersebut.

[2 marks / 2 markah]
(ii) Name this reaction.
Namakan tindak balas tersebut.
___________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

[2 marks / 2 markah]
(d) Write the chemical equation for process Z.

(iii) Give two reagents that used to convert compound

Q into compound P.

Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi proses Z.

_______________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

Berikan dua reagen yang digunakan bagi pengubahan sebatian

Q ke sebatian P.
___________________________________________________
[2 marks / 2 markah]

(e) Give one use of ester.

Beri satu kegunaan ester.
___________________________________________________________

5 Diagram 4 shows an experiment conducted to study redox

reaction.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan eksperimen yang dijalankan bagi mengkaji tindak
balas redoks.

[1 mark / 1 markah]
Navision (M) Sdn. Bhd. (690640-P)

37

SULIT

Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas yang berlaku dalam

terminal negatif dan terminal positif.
________________________________________________________
[2 marks / 2 markah]

6 Diagram 5 shows the set-up of the apparatus for an

experiment.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi satu eksperimen.

Diagram 4 Rajah 4

(a) (i) Give an example of solution Y.

Berikan satu contoh larutan Y.
___________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

(ii) What is the function of solution Y?

Apakah fungsi larutan Y?
___________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

Diagram 5 Rajah 5

(a) State the observation for the reaction:

Nyatakan pemerhatian bagi tindak balas:

(b) (i) Which rod is the anode?

(i) in test tube I.

Rod yang manakah adalah anod?

___________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

dalam tabung uji I.

___________________________________________________

(ii) Explain your answer given in (b) (i).

(ii) in test tube II.

Jelaskan jawapan anda yang diberikan dalam b (i).

dalam tabung uji II.

___________________________________________________
[2 marks / 2 markah]

___________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

(iii) State one observation in the anode.

(b) Referring to the reaction in test tube I,

Nyatakan satu pemerhatian dalam anod.

___________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

Merujuk kepada tindak balas tabung uji I,

(i) name the reducing agent.

namakan agen penurunan.
___________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

(c) State the change of oxidation number of zinc in the

experiment.
Nyatakan perubahan nombor pengoksidaan bagi zink dalam
eksperimen.
________________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

(ii) briefly explain your answer.

terangkan jawapan anda dengan ringkas.
___________________________________________________
[2 marks / 2 markah]

(d) State the flow of electrons.

(iii) write an overall ionic equation for the reaction in

test tube I.

Nyatakan aliran elektron.

________________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

tuliskan persamaan ion keseluruhan bagi tindak balas dalam

tabung uji I.
___________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

(e) What will happen to the reading of the galvanometer if

rod zinc is replaced by copper and zinc sulphate
solution is replaced by copper sulphate?

(c) Clarify the answer given in (a) (ii).

Apakah akan berlaku kepada bacaan pada galvanometer jika rod zink
digantikan dengan kuprum dan larutan zink sulfat digantikan dengan
kuprum sulfat?
________________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

Jelaskan jawapan yang diberikan dalam (a) (ii).

________________________________________________________
[1 mark / 1 markah]

(d) What is the meaning of a displacement reaction?

(f) Write the ionic equation for the reaction that occurred in
negative terminal and positive terminal.

Navision (M) Sdn. Bhd. (690640-P)

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan tindak balas sesaran?

________________________________________________________
[2 marks / 2 markah]

38

SULIT

55/2

SECTION B [20 marks]

BAHAGIAN B [ 20 markah]
Answer only one question from this section.
Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini

Navision (M) Sdn. Bhd. (690640-P)

39

SULIT

 Navision (M) Sdn. Bhd. (690640-P)

40

SULIT

7 (a) Define rate of reaction and activation energy.

Experiment B and Experiment C. By referring to

the collision theory, explain why there are
differences in the rates of reaction in these three
experiments.

Takrifkan kadar tindak balas dan tenaga pengaktifan.

[2 marks / 2 markah
(b) By using the collision theory, explain why potatoes
that are cut into smaller pieces take shorter time to
cook compared to potatoes that are cut into bigger
pieces.

Bandingkan kadar tindak balas antara Eksperimen A dan

Eksperimen B dan antara Eksperimen B dan Eksperimen C.
Dengan merujuk kepada teori perlanggaran, jelaskan sebab
perbezaan bagi kadar tindak balas ketiga-tiga eksperimen.
[8 marks / 8 markah

Dengan menggunakan teori perlanggaran, jelaskan mengapakah

ubi kentang yang dipotong kepada ketulan kecil mengambil masa
yang lebih singkat untuk dimasak berbanding dengan ubi kentang
yang dipotong kepada ketulan besar.
[3 marks / 3 markah

8 (a) Diagram 6 shows the apparatus set-up to determine

the position of carbon in the reactivity series of
metals.
Table 4 shows the results of the experiment.

(c) A student conducted three experiments to investigate

the factors influencing the rate of reaction. Table 3
shows the results of the experiment.

Rajah 6 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi menentukan kedudukan

karbon dalam siri kereaktifan logam. Jadual 4 menunjukkan
keputusan bagi eksperimen.

Satu pelajar menjalankan tiga eksperimen bagi faktor yang

mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas. Jadual 1 menunjukkan
keputusan bagi eksperimen tersebut.

Experiment
Eksperimen

Mass of
Mg

Concentration
of H2SO4

Jisim Mg

Kepekatan H2SO4

5.0 g of Mg
powder

2 mol dm3

Temperature
Suhu

30 C

2 mol dm3

Diagram 6 Rajah 6

5.0 serbuk
Mg

5.0 g
granulated
Mg

2 mol dm

30 C

Metal oxide

Observation

Logam oksida

Pemerhatian

Zinc oxide

2 mol dm3

Zink oksida

Campuran membara dengan

terang.Pepejal kelabu terbentuk.

5.0 g ketulan
Mg

5.0 g of
granulated
Mg

1 mol dm3

30 C

1 mol dm3

Aluminium oxide

No visible change.

Aluminium oksida

Tiada perubahan yang jelas.

Table 4 Jadual 4

(i) Arrange carbon, zinc and

ascending order of reactivity.

5.0 g ketulan
Mg

aluminium

in

Susunkan karbon, zink dan aluminium dalam susunan

menaik kereaktifan.
[1 mark / 1 markah

Table 3 Jadual 3

(i) Write the chemical equation of the reaction

between magnesium and sulphuric acid.
Calculate the maximum volume of hydrogen gas
produced.
[Relative atomic mass of Mg, 24; H, 1; Cl, 35;
O, 16; Molar gas volume = 24 dm3 mol1 at room
conditions]

(ii) Write the chemical equation of the reaction

between zinc oxide and carbon.
Tuliskan persamaan tindak balas bagi tindak balas antara
zink oksida dan karbon.
[1 mark / 1 markah

(b) Define oxidation and reduction in terms of gain and

loss of hydrogen.
Takrifkan pengoksidaan dan penurunan dari segi penerimaan
dan penyingkiran hidrogen.
[4 marks / 4 markah]

Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas antara

magnesium dan asid sulfurik. Hitungkan isi padu maksimum
gas hidrogen yang dihasilkan.
[Jisim atom relatif bagi Mg, 24; H, 1; Cl, 35; O, 16; Isi padu
molar gas = 24 dm3 mol1 dalam keadaan bilik]
[4 marks / 4 markah

(c) Explain on how rusting can occur.

Jelaskan bagaimana pengaratan boleh berlaku.

[8 marks / 8 markah
(d) Briefly explain the following methods of rusting
prevention.

(ii) Sketch the graphs for the volume of hydrogen

gas against time for Experiment A, B and C on
the same axes.

Jelaskan cara pencegahan karat berikut dengan ringkas.

(i) Sacrificial protection of magnesium on iron.

Lakarkan graf bagi isi padu gas hidrogen melawan masa

bagi Eksperimen A, B dan C pada paksi yang sama.
[3 marks / 3 markah

Perlindungan logam korban magnesium terhadap besi.

[3 marks / 3 markah

(iii) Compare the rates of reaction between

Experiment A and Experiment B and between

Navision (M) Sdn. Bhd. (690640-P)

The mixture glows brightly. A

grey solid is formed.

(ii) Plating iron with chromium.

Menyadur besi dengan kromium.

[3 marks / 3 markah

41

SULIT

SECTION C [20 marks]

BAHAGIAN C [ 20markah]
Answer only one question from this section.
Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini

10 (a) What are the differences between unvulcanised rubber

and vulcanised rubber?
Diagram 7

Apakah perbezaan antara getah tak tervulkan and getah vulkan?

[5 marks / 5 markah]

Rajah 7

R in Diagram 7 has a relative molecular mass of 28. Its

composition according to mass is 85.7% of carbon and
14.3% of hydrogen.

(b) Describe an experiment of producing vulcanised rubber

in the laboratory.
Huraikan satu eksperimen bagi menghasilkan getah vulkan dalam
makmal.
[7 marks / 7 markah]

R dalam Rajah 7 menunjukkan 28 jisim molekul relatif. Komposisi menurut

jisim adalah 85.7% karbon dan 14.3% hidrogen.

(a)

(i) Determine the molecular formula of P and draw its

structural formula.
[Relative atomic mass: H, 1; C, 12; O, 16]
Tentukan formula molekul bagi P dan lukiskan formula
strukturnya.
[Jisim atom relatif: H, 1; C, 12; O, 16]
[6 marks / 6 markah]

(ii) Referring to the Diagram 7, name P and S.

Merujuk kepada Rajah 7, namakan P dan S.
2 markah]

(b)

[2 marks /
(i) Describe one chemical test to differentiate
between R and Q.
Huraikan satu ujian kimia bagi membezakan antara R dan Q.
[3 marks / 3 markah]

(ii) State three physical properties of Q and S

respectively.
Nyatakan tiga sifat-sifat fizik bagi Q dan S masing-masing.
[6 marks / 6 markah]

(c) Write the chemical equation to show how S is formed.

Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi menunjukkan bagaimana S terbentuk.
[3 marks / 3 markah]

(c) Latex coagulates when dilute ethanoic acid is added.

Explain the coagulation process of latex.
Lateks menggumpal apabila asid etanoik cair ditambahkan. Jelaskan
proses penggumpalan lateks.
[6 marks / 6 markah]

(d)

(i) Draw and label the vulcanised rubber.

Lukis dan labelkan getah vulkan.

[1 marks / 1 markah]
(ii) State one use of unvulcanised rubber.
Nyatakan satu kegunaan getah tidak divulkan.

[1 mark / 1 markah]