Lipid prole

Lipid prole or lipid panel is a panel of blood tests

that serves as an initial broad medical screening tool
for abnormalities in lipids, such as cholesterol and
triglycerides. The results of this test can identify certain
genetic diseases and can determine approximate risks for
cardiovascular disease, certain forms of pancreatitis, and
other diseases.

Traditionally, most laboratories have required patients to

fast for 912 hours before screening. However, recent
studies have questioned the utility of fasting before lipid
panels, and some diagnostic labs now routinely accept
non-fasting samples.[3]
VLDL may be calculated using the Friedewalds
equation:[4]

Lipid panels are commonly ordered as part of a physical

exam, along with other panels such as the complete blood
count (CBC) and basic metabolic panel (BMP).

VLDL = Triglycerides/5
VLDL = Total cholesterol (HDL + LDL)

Components
3 Implications

The lipid prole typically includes:

See also: LDL and HDL

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)

High-density lipoprotein (HDL)

This test is used to identify hyperlipidemia (various disturbances of cholesterol and triglyceride levels),
many forms of which are recognized risk factors for
cardiovascular disease and rarely pancreatitis.

Triglycerides
Total cholesterol

A total cholesterol reading can be used to assess an individuals risk for heart disease, however, it should not be
relied upon as the only indicator. The individual components that make up total cholesterol readingLDL,
HDL, and VLDLare also important in measuring risk.

Using these values, a laboratory may also calculate:

Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)
Cholesterol:HDL ratio

For instance, someones total cholesterol may be high, but

this may be due to very high HDL (good cholesterol)
cholesterol levels,which can actually help prevent heart
2 Procedure and indication
disease (the test is mainly concerned with high LDL, or
bad cholesterol levels). So, while a high total cholesCurrent recommendations for cholesterol testing come terol level may help give an indication that there is a probfrom the Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III guidelines, lem with cholesterol levels, the components that make up
and are based on many large clinical studies, such as the total cholesterol should also be measured.
Framingham Heart Study.
For healthy adults with no cardiovascular risk factors, the
ATP III guidelines recommend screening once every ve
years.[1] A lipid prole may also be ordered at regular
intervals to evaluate the success of lipid-lowering drugs
such as statins.

4 References
[1] National Cholesterol Education Program (Ncep) Expert
Panel On Detection, E. (2002). Third Report of the
National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert
Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High
Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III)
nal report. Circulation 106 (25): 31433421. PMID
12485966.

In the pediatric and adolescent population, lipid testing is not routinely performed. However, the American
Academy of Pediatrics and NHLBI now recommend that
children aged 911 be screened once for severe cholesterol abnormalities.[2] This screening can be valuable
to detect genetic diseases such as familial hypercholesterolemia that can be lethal if not treated early.

[2] Pediatric Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Guidelines NHLBI, NIH.

[3] Sidhu, D.; Naugler, C. (2012).

Fasting Time
and Lipid Levels in a Community-Based Population<subtitle>A Cross-sectional Study</subtitle><alttitle>Fasting Time and Lipid Levels</alt-title>".
Archives of Internal Medicine 172 (22):
14.
doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2012.3708.
PMID
23147400.
[4] Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of
the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge.
Clin Chem. 1972;18:499-502. (Cited in: Clin. Chem.
1990; 36:15-19).

External links
Lipid Prole: At a glance at Labtestsonline.org
Total Cholesterol - What Are Total Cholesterol Levels? at About.com
Friedewalds equation for calculating VLDL and
LDL at Cardiophile.org

EXTERNAL LINKS

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Lipid prole Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid%20profile?oldid=637181122 Contributors: Julesd, Jfdwol, Semenko, Gaius

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