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CEE254 Spring2015

Advanced Reinforced Concrete


Behavior and Design
CEE 254
Spring 2015
University of California, Irvine
The Henry Samueli School of Engineering
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering
Nagi Abo-Shadi, PhD, PE, SE, PEng

CourseOutline
I.
ReviewofReinforcedConcreteDesign
II.

Ductilityofunconfinedandconfinedmemberswithaxial
loads.
A.UnconfinedMemberswithAxialLoads
B.ConfinedMemberswithAxialLoads

III.

Shearstrengthanddeformation
1.Shearstrengthofreinforcedconcretemembers
2.Shearfriction,andcorbeldesign
3.Interactionofshearflexureaxialloads
4.Effectofcyclicloading

IV.

Torsionalstrengthanddeformation
1.Torsionalstrengthofreinforcedconcretemembers
2.Interactionoftorsionshearflexuralloads
3.Effectofcyclicloading

NagiAboShadi,PhD,SE,PEng

CEE254 Spring2015

CourseOutline,Contd
V.
ReinforcedConcreteShearWalls
1.Behavioroftallandsquatshearwalls
2.Behaviorofflangedshearwalls
3.Boundaryelementrequirements
4.Interactionofshearwallswith:
1.Eachother
2.Concretemomentframes
5.Designofshearwallforseismicforces
6.Seismicdetailingofshearwalls
VI.

ReinforcedConcreteDuctileMomentFrames
1.Behaviorofconcretemomentframes
2.Plastichingeformation
3.Plastichingedegradation
4.Momentredistribution
5.Designofconcretemomentframesforseismicforces
6.Seismicdetailingofmomentframes

CourseOutline,Contd
VII.

SlabDesign
1.Twowayslabs
2.Flatslabs
3.Slabdetailing

VIII.

ReinforcedConcreteDetailing
For:slabs,beams,columns,momentframes,beam
columnjointsandshearwalls

NagiAboShadi,PhD,SE,PEng

CEE254 Spring2015

Course Project
The course project will be assigned after the midterm exam.
The project will involve the use of computer software. Team
work is essential. Your performance will affect the grade of
your team. Be an asset not a liability to your team. A
presentation will be required at submittal of the project. Neat
sketches and typed reports shall be submitted.

Textbooks
Reinforced Concrete: Mechanics and Design (6th Edition),
James K. Wight, James G. MacGregor, Pearson Education,
ISBN-10: 0132176521 | ISBN-13: 978-0132176521
Building Code Requirements For Structural Concrete and
Commentary (ACI 318-11), American Concrete Institute,
Farmington Hills, MI, 2011.
References
Reinforced Concrete Structures, R. Park, and T. Paulay, Wiley,
1975, ISBN-10: 0471659177 | ISBN-13: 978-0471659174.
Technical papers, ACI Structural Journal, American Concrete
Institute
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NagiAboShadi,PhD,SE,PEng

CEE254 Spring2015

AssessmentandGradingPolicy

Homework&Quizzes15%
CourseProject

15%

OneMidtermExam 30%

February12,20159:30amto10:50am

FinalExamination

March19m20158:00amto10:00am

40%

Concrete Properties
The concrete stressstrain relationship is shown
TheBuildingCodeRequirementsforStructuralConcrete,ACI
318assumesamaximumultimateconcretestrainof0.003to
beusedfordesignconsideration.Typicalconcretestrength
rangesfrom2,000psito6,000psi.

The unit weight of the


normalweight concrete
is 150 pcf .
The unit weight of the
lightweight concrete is
110 pcf.
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NagiAboShadi,PhD,SE,PEng

CEE254 Spring2015

Reinforcing Steel Properties


The steel yield strength, the steel modulus of elasticity, the ultimate
steel strength and the maximum steel strain are the steel
mechanical properties that are needed for the design purpose. The
steel stressstrain relationship is shown.

ReinforcingsteeltypicallymeettheASTMA615andA706
requirements.Thetypicalyieldstrengthis40ksi,60ksi and75ksi.
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ASTMStandardReinforcingBars
Barsizeno.
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

Nominaldiameter,in
0.375
0.500
0.625
0.750
0.875
1.000
1.128
1.270
1.410

Nominalarea,in2
0.11
0.20
0.31
0.44
0.60
0.79
1.00
1.27
1.56

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NagiAboShadi,PhD,SE,PEng

CEE254 Spring2015

Strength Design

Required Strength
The ACI318 states that the Required Strength, U, shall be at least
equal to the effects of factored loads in the following Equations 1.1
to 1.4.
U = 1.4 (D+F)
U = 1.2 (D+F+T) + 1.6(L+H) + 0.5( Lr or S or R)
U = 1.2 D +1.6 (Lr or S or R) + (1.0L or 0.8W)
U = 1.2 D +1.6L + 0.5(Lr or S or R)

Equation 1.1
Equation 1.2
Equation 1.3
Equation 1.4

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All structural members and sections must be proportioned to


meet the above criterion under the most critical load
combination for all possible actions (flexural, axial load, shear,
etc.):
Pn Pu
Mn Mu
Vn Vu
Tn Tu

Equation1.5
Equation1.6
Equation1.7
Equation1.8

Where:

=strengthreductionfactor
Pn
=nominalstrength

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NagiAboShadi,PhD,SE,PEng

CEE254 Spring2015

Strength Reduction Factor,


The strength reduction factor is based on the type of strength and
the expected more of failure. The following table shows different
values for the strength reduction factor.
TypeofStrength
Tensioncontrolledsections
Compressioncontrolledsections
Memberswithspiralreinforcementconformingto10.9.3
Otherreinforcedmembers
Shearandtorsion
Bearingonconcrete(exceptforposttensionedanchoragezones)
Posttensionedanchoragezones
Strutandtiemodels(AppendixA)

0.9
0.70
0.65
0.75
0.65
0.85
0.75

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The ACI 31805 requires the strength reduction factor for tensioncontrolled sections to be
higher that for compressioncontrolled sections. The strain in the tensile steel differentiates
between the tension and compression controlled sections. The figure above includes a
chart that relates the strength reduction factor to the tensile steel strain
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NagiAboShadi,PhD,SE,PEng

CEE254 Spring2015

AnalysisofConcreteSections
Tosimplifytheanalysisofconcretesections,thefollowingassumptionsneedtobe
considered:
1)Plansectionsremainplanafterbending
2)Thecompressivestressdistributionisassumedtobeuniform(Block)
3)Failureoccursatanultimateconcretestrainof0.003
4)Theblockstressisequalto:0.85f c
5)Thedepthoftheblock,a,isequalto1 c

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1 = afactorthatrelatesthedepthoftheblocktothedepthof
theneutralaxis
1 =0.85
1 =0.65

whenf c 4,000psi
whenf c 8,000psi

1 =0.85 (f c 4ksi)0.05

when8,000psif c 4,000psi

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NagiAboShadi,PhD,SE,PEng

CEE254 Spring2015

Minimum Reinforcement of Flexural Members


Reinforced concrete beams
As provided shall not be less than that given by

But not less than:


Reinforced concrete slabs and foundation
In reinforced concrete one-way slabs, 2-was slabs and
foundation; the minimum flexural reinforcement is given by
the following equation:
As = 0.0018 Ac

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Flexural Strength
The flexural strength of a concrete section is equal to:
Mn = As fy (d - a / 2)
Where:
T = As fy
C = 0.85 fc b a
T=C
As fy = 0.85 fc b a

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NagiAboShadi,PhD,SE,PEng

CEE254 Spring2015

Example
The concrete section shown has a concrete strength, fc =
4,000 psi and steel yield strength, fy = 60,000 psi. For
simplicity, neglect hanger bars (compression reinforcement).

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1- Define rectangular concrete stress distribution.


d = dt = 16 - 2.5 = 13.5 in.
As = 3 x 0.79 = 2.37 in2, assuming s > y,
a = As fy / (0.85 fc b) = 142.2 / (0.85 x 4 x 10) = 4.18 in
2- Determine net tensile strain s and
c = a/1 = 4.18/ 0.85 = 4.92 in.
s = (dt - c) x 0.003/c = (13.50 - 4.92) x 0.003/4.92 = 0.00523 > 0.005

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NagiAboShadi,PhD,SE,PEng

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CEE254 Spring2015

Therefore, section is tension-controlled, = 0.9


This also confirms that s > y at nominal strength

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3- Determine the nominal moment strength, Mn, and the


design moment strength, Mn.

Mn = As fy (d a/2) = 142.2 (13.50 2.09) = 1,622.3 kip-in


= 135.2 kip-ft

Mn = 0.9 (135.2) = 121.7 kip-ft

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NagiAboShadi,PhD,SE,PEng

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CEE254 Spring2015

Engineering Software
-

PCA Column
CSI Column
ETABS or SAP2000 or RAM Structural
Response 2000 for Moment-Curvature Analysis

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NagiAboShadi,PhD,SE,PEng

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