Page 1 of 15

Dr. RAJENDRANS INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL EDUCATION

CVS - ANATOMY (45 MCQs)

1) What is the weight of the heart in grams?

a. 100 to 200

b. 250 to 300

T [ The heart weighs about

300grams in males and about 250grams in females. Cardiac weight is 0.45% of

body weight in males and 0.40% in females. Adult weight is achieved between
17 and 20 years of age.]

c. 350 to 400

d. 500

www.medicinemcq.com

Page 2 of 15

2) The heart is situated in the

a. Anterior mediastinum

b. Middle mediastinum

T [ The heart is in the middle

mediastinum between the lungs (See figures above and below). It is placed
obliquely. About one-third of the heart lies to the right of the midline. The heart
rotates 45 degrees during development. Therefore, two thirds of RA and RV
face anteriorly. Two thirds of LV and most of LA face posteriorly.]

c. Posterior mediastinum

d. Posterior and superior mediastinum

www.medicinemcq.com

Page 3 of 15

3) Sternocostal surface of the heart is formed mainly by the

a. RV

T [ The sternocostal surface of the

heart is formed mainly by the RV and RA (see figures above and below). The
heart rotates 45 degrees during development. Two thirds of RA and RV face
anteriorly. Sternocostal surface of the heart has an atrial area and ventricular
area. Two-thirds of the ventricular region is made up by the right ventricle. Onethird of the ventricular region is made up by the left ventricle. The sternocostal
surface (i.e., mainly the RV) is behind the body of the sternum and the third to
the sixth costal cartilages. Sternocostal surface of the heart is mostly behind
the left costal cartilages than behind the right costal cartilages. Thus, right
ventricular activity can be evaluated by palpating the lower left parasternal
area. The pleural membranes and the thin, anterior edges of the lungs cover
sternocostal surface. So, when the lungs are hyperinflated and overlapping the
heart, it may be difficult to evaluate RV activity.]

www.medicinemcq.com

Page 4 of 15
b. RA

[ Sternocostal surface of the heart

has an atrial area and ventricular area. The atrial area is above and to the right.
The ventricular part is below and to the left of the atrioventricular groove. The
atrial area is occupied by the right atrium.]

c. LA

[ LA lies behind the RA. The left

atrium is hidden by the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk. Only a small part
of the left appendage projects forwards to the left of the pulmonary trunk and
forms part of the left heart border in an X-ray chest.]

d. LV

[ Two thirds of LV and most of LA

face posteriorly. Sternocostal surface of the heart has an atrial area and
ventricular area. Two-thirds of the ventricular region is made up by the right
ventricle. One-third of the ventricular region is made up by the left ventricle.]

www.medicinemcq.com

Page 5 of 15

4) Anterior surface of the heart is not formed by

a. RA

b. LA

T [ LA is the most posterior

chamber of the heart. LA lies behind the RA. The left atrium is hidden by the
ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk. See figure below.]

c. RV

d. LV

www.medicinemcq.com

Page 6 of 15

5) Base is formed mainly by the

a. RA

b. LA

T [ Base is formed mainly

by the LA and partly by the RA (See figures above and below). Clinically, base
is the upper border of the heart, where great vessels are attached. Because of
the oblique position of the heart, the base faces posteriorly and to the right.
The apex faces anteriorly and to the left.]

c. LV

d. RV

www.medicinemcq.com

Page 7 of 15

6) The largest part of the anterior surface of the heart is

a. Right heart

T [ The right heart forms the

largest part of the anterior surface. The right ventricle forms most of the
anterior aspect of the ventricular mass. Most of the left heart is posterior. It is
covered in front by the right heart. See figure below.]

b. Left heart

c. Aorta

d. Aorta and pulmonary vessels

www.medicinemcq.com

Page 8 of 15

7) Most of the base of the heart is made up of

a. Right atrium

b. Left atrium

T [ Most of the base of the heart is

made up of the left atrium. The right atrium is to the right, anterior, and inferior
to the left atrium. The base of the heart is formed only partly by the posterior
part of the right atrium.]

c. Pulmonary trunk

d. Aorta

www.medicinemcq.com

Page 9 of 15

8) Which is the most posterior chamber of the heart?

a. RA

b. LA

T [ The left atrium forms most of

the posterior aspect of the heart (See figure below). The left atria is situated to
the right and posterior to the LV. Enlarged LA may compress the esophagus
and produce dysphagia. Thrombi in the LA may require transesophageal
echocardiography for detection. The right atria is situated to the right and
posterior to the RV.]

c. RV

d. LV

www.medicinemcq.com

Page 10 of 15

9) The diaphragmatic surface is formed mainly by the

a. LV

T [ The diaphragmatic or inferior

surface is formed mainly by the LV and partly by the RV. It rests mainly on the
central tendon of the diaphragm. The diaphragmatic surface shows the
posterior interventricular groove.]

b. RV

c. RV and RA

d. LV and LA

www.medicinemcq.com

Page 11 of 15

10) How many grooves are there in the heart?

a. 2

b. 3

T [ Atrioventricular or coronary,

interatrial, and interventricular. See figures above and below.]

c. 4

d. 5

www.medicinemcq.com

Page 12 of 15

11) Coronary sulcus (atrioventricular groove) does not contain

a. Great cardiac vein

T [ The great cardiac vein is in

anterior interventricular groove along with the anterior interventricular branch

of LCA (See figure above). The coronary (or atrioventricular) groove (or sulcus)
separates the atria from the ventricles. The coronary groove contains the main
trunks of the coronary arteries. It descends obliquely to the right on the
sternocostal surface. It separates the right atrium from the right margin of the
right ventricle. The aorta is behind the upper left part of the coronary groove.]

b. Trunks of coronary arteries

c. Small cardiac vein

d. Coronary sinus

www.medicinemcq.com

Page 13 of 15
12) Anterior interventricular groove contains

a. Branch of LCA

[ Anterior interventricular groove

contains anterior interventricular branch of LCA.]

b. Great cardiac vein

c. Both

T [ Internally, the ventricles are

separated by the interventricular septum (See figure below). The

interventricular septum corresponds to the anterior and inferior
(diaphragmatic) interventricular grooves. The anterior groove is on the
sternocostal cardiac surface.]

d. Neither

www.medicinemcq.com

Page 14 of 15

13) The posterior interventricular groove is situated in the

a. Right surface of the heart

b. Posterior and superior surface

c. Inferior surface

T [ The posterior interventricular

groove contains posterior interventricular branch of RCA and the middle

cardiac vein.]

d. Right lateral and posterior surface

14) Crux of the heart is

a. Where two pulmonary veins open into the left atrial part of the base

b. The junction of the atrioventricular, interatrial and posterior interventricular

grooves

T [ The point of junction of the

atrioventricular, interatrial and posterior interventricular grooves is termed the

crux of the heart. See figure below.]

c. Where superior and the inferior vena cava open into the upper and lower parts
of the right atrial basal region

d. Area of the left atrium between the openings of right and left pulmonary veins
[ The area of the left atrium
between the openings of right and left pulmonary veins forms the anterior wall
of the oblique pericardial sinus.]

www.medicinemcq.com

Page 15 of 15

15) Opens into the LA

a. 2 pulmonary veins

b. 4 pulmonary veins

c. 2 pulmonary arteries

d. 4 pulmonary arteries

For the rest of the 30 questions with explanatory answers, click here

www.medicinemcq.com