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DESIGN OF ABUTMENT
INPUT DATA
Levels
Proposed road level
Existing ground level
Depth of foundation
Founding level
Depth of superstructure
Size of bearing
Size of pedestal
Number of bearings
Bed block level
Thickness of wearing coat
C/C distance between face of dirt wall
Projection of girder
C/C distance between bearing
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Dimensions
Top width of abutment
Bottom width of abutment
Back batter
Size of foundation
Width of toe
Width of heel
Length of abutment
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
750 mm
900 mm
1
in
5600
x
3200 mm
1500 mm
8.20 m
=
=
=
=
400
0.825
0
0
Fly wing
Depth of wing wall
Thickness of wing wall
=
=
=
No
0.00
0.00
=
=
M 25
Fe 415
25 kN/m3
8.33 N/mm2
200 N/mm2
100.773
94.823
900
93.623
600
400
700
5
99.948
75
6400
200
6000
10
mm
mm
x
x
mm
m
m
m
18 kN/m3
30
Surcharge angle
Angle of inclination of wall from
verticle face
88
20
x
x
36.166667
8200
50
100
mm
mm
mm
mm
Soil data
630
930
150 kN/m2
KLESCET Consultants
900
Abutment Design
400
700
Approach Slab
300
150
200
500
750
RL 99.948 Top of Abutment Cap in Metre
Abutment Cap
400
750
375
998
750
6175
7150
5425
60
G.L
RL 94.823
RL 94.523
Top of Footing in Metre
A
1.20
0
900
1728
900
1500
150
750
RL 93.623
Foundation Level in Metre
3200
900
5600
SECTION OF ABUTMENT SYSTEM
e1
0.225 m
e2
0.525 m
Element
No.
Description of
structure
Footing
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Shape
Rectangle
Triangle
Rectangle
Abutment Wall Rectangle
Triangle
Rectangle
Triangle
Abutment Cap Rectangle
Dirt Wall
Rectangle
Approach slab Rectangle
bracket
Triangle
Return Wall
Rectangle
Triangle
Pedestal
Rectangle
Fly wing
Rectangle
Triangle
Soil over burden Rectangle
Triangle
Triangle
TOTAL
C.G of abutment about A
Nos.
Length
(m)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
5
0
0
1
1
1
8.2
8.20
8.20
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
1.50
0.15
0.93
1.728
1.728
8.2
8.2
8.2
Lever
Arm
Bredth
Depth (D) Area (m2) about
(B)
point A
(m)
3.65
1.50
1.50
0.75
0.15
0.75
0.35
1.1
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.00
0.00
0.70
0.00
0.00
1.50
0.15
1.5
0.90
0.00
0.90
5.425
5.425
0.35
0.35
0.4
0.75
0.3
0.15
6.25
5.425
0.10
0.00
1.00
6.250
5.425
0
3.285
0
1.35
4.06875
0.406875
0.2625
0.0613
0.440
0.300
0.09
0.0225
18.75
0.81375
0.35
0.000
0.000
30.20
=
=
=
128.26
30.20
4.25
m
394.36 kN
KLESCET Consultants
3.650
4.600
4.850
3.575
4.000
3.575
4.067
3.750
4.100
4.450
4.400
4.850
4.050
3.700
6.464
6.176
4.850
4.050
5.10
Weight
(kN)
Moment @
Toe of
Footing
(kN.m)
673.43
0.00
276.75
834.09
83.41
53.81
12.56
90.20
61.50
18.45
4.61
0.00
0.00
8.14
0.00
0.00
1383.75
83.41
0.00
3584.11
2458.001
0.000
1342.238
2981.885
333.637
192.380
51.062
338.250
252.150
82.103
20.295
0.000
0.000
30.109
0.000
0.000
6711.187
337.808
0.000
15131.10
Abutment Design
133.51 x
400.942
kN.m/m
=
=
44.816
160.217
7.15
0.5
kN.m/m
0.42
7.15
561.16
4601.503
kN.m/m
kN.m
394.36
1459.13
247.42
884.51
3584.11
15131.10
532.24
1462.30
4601.50
Braking force
123.71
1032.96
Secondary force
25.34
158.99
i) Construction stage
a) F.O.S against Sliding
=
=
=
=
=
=
KLESCET Consultants
0.6 x W
>
H
0.51
4758.12
1611.35
1.51
SAFE
1.5
Mr
Mo
15131.10
5793.46
2.61
>
Abutment Design
SAFE
KLESCET Consultants
Abutment Design
0.5*W
>
H
0.51
4758.12
1611.35
1.51
SAFE
=
=
=
Mr
Mo
17474.75
5793.46
3.02
SAFE
=
=
=
>
261.81
7.15
0.5
133.51
617.78
16.52
77.94
0.20
=
Total pressure
=
=
Horizontal component
=
=
=
kN.m/m
x
21.60
7.15
xx
0.309
7.15
x
9.54 kN/m
9.538 x
9.538 x
8.963 kN/m
8.96
cos 20
0.94
0.5
32.04 kN-m/m
77.94
32.04
45.90 kN-m/m
m carrigeway
=
0.66
kN-m/m
1.334
=
For
8.20
Total moment due soil and
surcharge
2.38
1.334 kN/m2
=
Moment @ bottom of Toe due
to seismic
376.36 kN-m
KLESCET Consultants
7.15
1.5
Abutment Design
KLESCET Consultants
Abutment Design
394.36
1409.84
49.48
884.51
3584.11
15131.10
385.09
1058.02
5442.12
85.18
615.44
Seismic force
Breaking force
123.71
1032.96
Secondary force
25.34
158.99
i) Construction stage
a) F.O.S against Sliding
=
=
=
=
=
=
0.5*W
>
H
0.5
3969.19
1292.25
1.54
SAFE
Mr
Mo
15131.10
7249.52
2.09
SAFE
>
1.25
1.5
=
=
=
=
=
=
KLESCET Consultants
0.5*W
>
H
0.5
4413.04
1292.25
1.71
SAFE
Mr
Mo
17425.46
7249.52
2.40
SAFE
>
1.25
1.5
Abutment Design
W
ML
x =
Length of footing
Total width of footing
ML/W
L
B
B/6
Eccentricity
150
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
4758.12
Mr - Mo
17474.75
11681.29
2.455
8.20
5.60
0.93
=
=
B/2 - x
0.34 m
kN/m2
kN
-
5793.46
kN.m
m
m
m
m
< (B/6)
SAFE
Pressure,
Max Pressure at Base
=
=
=
(W/BxL)x(1+(6e/B)
150.00/(8.20x5.60)x(1+6x0.34/5.60)
141.92
kN/m2
=
< S.B.C
Max Pressure
(W/BxL)x(1-(6e/B)
150.00/(8.20x5.60)x(1-6x0.34/5.60)
65.32
kN/m2
SAFE
W
ML
x =
Length of footing
Total width of footing
Eccentricity
ML/W
L
B
B/6
e
225
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
4509.31
Mr - Mo
17425.46
8661.55
1.921
8.20
5.60
0.93
=
=
B/2 - x
0.88 m
kN/m2
kN
-
8763.91
kN.m
m
m
m
m
< (B/6)
SAFE
Pressure,
Max Pressure at Base
=
=
=
(W/BxL)x(1+(6e/B)
150.00/(8.20x5.60)x(1+6x0.88/5.60)
190.70
kN/m2
Max Pressure
=
< S.B.C
KLESCET Consultants
(W/BxL)x(1-(6e/B)
150.00/(8.20x5.60)x(1-6x0.88/5.60)
5.70
kN/m2
SAFE
Abutment Design
0.30
FRL=
RL100.773
Due to surcharge
h= 6.25 m
Top of footing =
RL94.523
Soil parameters
KA
=
=
=
=
30
0
88
20
18
0.309
Total Pressure=
0.5 h
0.42 h
1.2*Ka*
0.90
C/s of Return wall
Due to Soil
Ka**h
kN/m3
=
=
Ka
0.309 x
34.741 kN/m
=
=
h
6.25
p
x
34.741
h
6.25
0.5
0.5
=
=
=
108.565 kN/m
108.565 x cos x 20
102.017 kN/m
Vertical component=
=
=
108.565 x sin x 20
37.131 kN/m
=
=
lever arm
h
102.017 x 0.42 x 6.25
267.796 kN.m/m
Horizontal component=
Total Pressure
1.2
1.2
x Earth fill
18
x
21.600
=
=
=
Ka x 1.2
0.309 x 1.2
6.670 kN/m
6.670
kN/m2
KLESCET Consultants
x
x
18
18
Abutment Design
=
=
6.670
6.25
41.689 kN/m
KLESCET Consultants
Abutment Design
Horizontal component
=
=
41.689 x
cos 20
39.175 kN/m
Vertical component
=
=
41.689 x
sin 20
14.258 kN/m
=
=
lever arm
39.175
0.5 x
122.421 kN.m/m
6.25
=
=
=
6.250 m
900 mm
=
=
25
415
8.33 N/mm2
st
m
=
=
200 N/mm3
10
=
=
Lever Arm
Factor
1-(k/3)
dreq
8.333
200
0.294
3
0.90
0.5 x cbc x j x k
0.5
1.11
10 x 8.333
0.29
=
Moment
Factor
10
51.390 kN/m
141.192 kN/m
390.217 kN.m/m
8.333
390.22 x 1000000
1.11 x 1000
KLESCET Consultants
0.90 x
0.29
Abutment Design
Dia of bar
Overall Depth Provided
Clear Cover
Center of reinforcement
Effective depth Provided
=
=
=
=
=
=
594.2
32
900
50
16
834
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
KLESCET Consultants
< dreq
SAFE
Abutment Design
Hence required
Diameter of bar
M x 106
j x st x d
390.22 x 1000000
0.902 x 200 x 834.000
2593.71 mm2/m
=
=
1080 mm2/m
Ast,req
>
Astmin
Ast
=
=
Spacing required
Spacing provided
=
=
2593.71 mm2/m
32
mm
310.1
125
mm2
6433.98 mm2
SAFE
141.192 kN
=
=
=
=
141.192 x
1000 x
0.169295
Pt
(100 x Ast) / (B x d)
=
=
=
As per IRC-6:2000, Table 12B, Page no 37.
100 x 6433.98
1000 x 834.00
0.771
Pt
1000
834
0.37
0.31
c =
0.375151
>
0.50
c
SAFE
0.771
0.271
0.25
KLESCET Consultants
0.06
0.75
h=
0.825 m
0.5 h
0.42
1.2*Ka*
Ka**h
100.773
0.825
99.948
m
h =
=
KA =
30
0
88
20
18 kN/m3
0.309
Total Pressure
Horizontal component
Ka
0.309
4.586
kN/m2
0.5 x
0.5
1.892 kN/m
1.892 x cos
1.778
0.825
4.586
0.825
kN/m
x
KLESCET Cosultants
20
100.773 m
0.825
99.948 m
Vertical component
=
=
=
=
1.892 x sin
0.647
20
kN/m
lever arm
1.778 x 0.42 x
0.616
0.825
kN.m/m
Total Pressure
1.2 x
21.600
Ka
18
kN/m2
1.2
0.309 x
6.670
6.670 x
6.670 x 0.825
5.503
1.2 x
kN/m2
h
kN/m
KLESCET Cosultants
18
Horizontal component
Vertical component
5.503
cos 20
5.171 kN/m
5.503
sin 20
1.882
kN/m
5.171 x
2.133
lever arm
0.5 x
0.825
kN.m/m
H
1.2
85.00
2.13
Wheel Load
85.00
1.93
0.825
a=
2.025
In Plan
0.22
0.86
0.86
FOOTING
1.37
m
(Refer Cl.305.16.2 of IRC:21- 2000)
(Refer Cl.214.3 of IRC:6- 2000)
=
1.010
beff =
Tb
2.13
+ 1.93 + 3.440 /
5.780 m
170 kN
=
=
KLESCET Cosultants
34.0
H/Tb
kN
(Refer Cl.214.2 of
IRC:6- 2000)
5.882
kN/m
b) CLASS A (2 No.)
57.0
0.9
Wheel Load
In Plan
57.0
1.8
57.0
1.7
0.25
57.0
1.8
0.25
0.5
Minimum Axel width in longitudinal direct
0.5
1.2
b1 =
0.5
x 0.075
0.650
beff =
1.2
x 2.025 + 0.650
3.080
KLESCET Cosultants
Design S.F
=
=
Depth Required
15.30 x 1000000
1.11 x 1000
117.6 mm
dreq
=
=
=
400
50
20
mm
mm
mm
Center of reinforcement
10
mm
340
mm
0.20% x 400
=
=
800.00
Spacing required
393
mm
Spacing provided
150
mm
Astreq
> dreq
15.30 x 1000000
0.902 x
200 x 340
j
st. stress eff.depth
249.38 mm2/m
=
=
Astmin
2.133
1000
mm2/m
Astreq =
800.000 mm2
2094.40 mm2/m
SAFE
KLESCET Cosultants
100Ast/(bd)
12.840 kN
12.840 x 1000
1000 x 340
0.038
100 x 2094.40
1000
340
x
0.616
N/mm2
0.31
0.23
0.25
As per IRC-6:2000, Table 12B, Page no 37.
c =
c
>
0.347
v
N/mm2
SAFE
KLESCET Cosultants
0.616
0.366
0.25
0.08
0.50
Abutment Design
LOADINGS
70-R Wheeled
170
170
170
1.37
3.05
170
1.37
0.2
120
2.13
120
1.52
80
3.96
6
1.17
RA
RB
RA
170 x 6.2 + 170 x 4.83 + 170 x 1.78 + 170 x 0.41 + 120 x -1.72
+ 120 x -3.24 + 80x-7.2
179
kN
Class A
68
68
68
68
0.2
114
4.3
114
1.2
27
27
3.2
1.1
6
2.8
RA
RA
RB
=
-324 kN
-648.0 kN
350
350
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
0.653
0.653
0.653
0.653
0.653
0.653
0.653
Class 70 R Tracked
Total load
=
700 kN
KLESCET Consultants
Abutment Design
4.57
50
50
0.653
50
0.653
50
0.653
0.2
0.453
RA
RA
50
0.653
50
0.653
50
0.653
6
RB
247
kN
KLESCET Consultants
Abutment Design
=
=
8.20 m
3.00
1 lane of Class A
0.45
0.5
0.15
1.80
8.20
eT
=
=
4.1
2.35 m
1.8
2 lanes of Class A
0.45
0.5
0.15
1.80
1.2
8.20
eT
=
=
4.1
0.60 m
3.50
KLESCET Consultants
Abutment Design
3 lanes of Class A
0.45
0.5
1.2
0.15
1.80
1.2
1.80
8.20
eT
=
=
4.1
1.15 m
5.25
KLESCET Consultants
1.80
Abutment Design
1 lane of Class 70 R
0.45
0.86
0.15
1.93
8.20
eT
=
=
4.1
2.105 m
2.00
0.45
0.86
0.15
0.5
1.93
1.2
1.80
8.20
500
1.93
500
277
1.88
277
1.80
KLESCET Consultants
Abutment Design
eT
=
=
4.1
0.770 m
2.30009
3.33
KLESCET Consultants
Abutment Design
h=
6.25 m
400
750
0.5 h
1.2*Ka*
99.548
0.42 h
Ka**h
5.025
750
94.523
Soil parameters
=
Ka
=
Ca
=
3)Wall
C/L of wall
30
0
88.4161884
20
18
0.309
0.569
kN/m3
=
=
0.4x0.75x1x25
7.5
=
=
7.5
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
1.1x0.4x1x25
11
kN/m
11
0.175
x
1.925
0.5x0.35x0.35x1x25
1.53125
1.53125 x 0.491666667
0.752864583
=
=
0.75x5.02x1x25
94.21875
kN/m
3.94
kN/m
lever arm
0.525
kNm/m
KLESCET Consultants
Abutment Design
394.36
=
=
=
=
=
R/meter Moment
Total
Type of Load Reaction
Rm
ML=Rm*e1
in kN
R
A) Class A( 2 No-647.97 -79.02
-17.78
B) Class A( 3 No-971.95 -118.53
-26.67
C) 70R Tracke 494.83
60.35
13.58
D) 70R
-3.97
Wheeled +
-144.62 -17.64
Class
A
(1
No.)
D) 70R
4.69
tracked +
170.85
20.84
Class A (1 No.)
Hence 70R Wheeled + Class A Vehicle governs the design
Long. Moment ML =
Total , R=
13.58
494.83
eT
Resultant
2.35
0.60
2.11
1.15
554
1108
1000
1662
kNm/m
kN
Moment
Type of Load
A) Class A( 1 No
B) Class A( 2 No
C) 70R Wheele
D) Class A( 3 No
E) Class A( 1
0.77
No.) + 70R
Wheeled
Total transverse moment
Total transverse moment/m
1554
=
=
MT=Rm*eT
1301.90
664.80
2105.00
1911.30
1196.44
2105.00 kNm
256.71 kNm/m
3rd Lane
For Static
5.00%
-32.40
-48.60
Force
-161.99
-242.99
Type of Load
1) Class A 2 VEH
2) Class A 3 VEH
2 lane
-647.97
-971.95
3 lane
-647.97
-971.95
20.00%
-129.59
-194.39
KLESCET Consultants
(without impact)
Total in Force/A BM at
kN
bt /m Fdl
-161.99 -19.76
-242.99 -29.63
-164.95
-247.43
Abutment Design
3) 70R
tracked +
Class
(1 No.)
4) 70R A
Tracked
170.85
170.85
34.17
8.54
42.71
42.71
5.21
43.49
494.83
494.83
98.97
24.74
123.71
123.71
15.09
125.97
-28.92
-7.23
-36.15
5) Class A( 1
-144.62
-145
No.) + 70R
Wheeled
Effective width of dispersion, 1.2*a+b1
1 for Class A =
0.41
beff=
70R Tracked =
1.00
beff=
70R Wheeled =
1.02
beff=
10.43
11.02
11.04
8.20
KLESCET Consultants
Hence bef
Max =
125.97
8.20
Abutment Design
m
Total width of dispersion =
8.20
kN
total force/trestle=
24.74
ng. Moment due to braking = 125.97 kNm/m
8.35
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
6000
630
400
50
4
3
1
25000.0
1.17E-05
mm
mm
mm
mm
=
=
=
Shear deformation
=
=
Deformation / Depth
0.16
=
=
=
mm
N/mm2
N/mm2
/ oC
37.5 oC
10 oC
27.5 oC
Number of bearings
Force on abutment
Force / meter length along abutment
=
=
=
=
=
0.00032
Strain
x
0.00032
x
1.93 mm
5067.56 N
5.1 kN
5
25.34 kN
3.09 kN/m
3.09
x 6.275
19.39 kN-m/m
KLESCET Consultants
Span
6000
x Area of bearing
Abutment Design
18
kN/m2
=
=
=
Ka
0.309
34.741
Total Pressure
=
=
=
0.5
p
x
0.5
34.741
108.565 kN/m
Horizontal component
=
=
Vertical component
=
=
108.565
37.131
=
=
lever arm
102.017
0.42
6.25
267.80
kN.m/m
=
=
=
=
=
1.2
1.2
21.600
Ka
6.670
Earth fill
18
x
kN/m2
1.2 x
xx
kN/m2
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
6.670
6.670
41.689
41.689
39.175
41.689
14.258
=
=
39.175
122.421
274.08
566.59
Total Pressure
Horizontal component
Vertical component
h
6.25
h
6.25
108.565
cos 20
102.017 kN/m
sin
kN/m
KLESCET Consultants
h
6.25
kN/m
cos
x
kN/m
sin
kN/m
20
18
20
20
lever arm
0.5
6.25
kN.m/m
kN/m
kNm/m
Abutment Design
ML
dreqd.
Ast
Spacing required
Spacing provided
566.59 kNm/m
(M /Q.b)
566.59 x 1000000
1.11 x 1000
=
=
=
=
=
=
715.96
825.00
75.00
25
12.50
737.50
566.59 x 1000000
0.902 x
200 x
4258.8
=
=
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
> dreq
SAFE
737.50
mm2
115
100 mm
4908.74 mm2/m
KLESCET Consultants
SAFE
Abutment Design
100Ast/(bd)
141.192 kN/m
141.192 x 1000
1000
x 738
0.19
N/mm2
100
1000
x 4908.74
x 737.5
0.666
0.42
0.37
0.75
As per IRC-6:2000, Table 12B, Page no 37.
c
>
0.353
v
N/mm2
SAFE
KLESCET Consultants
0.666
-0.084
0.25
0.05
1.00
Abutment Design
i) Static case
Active earth pressure is calculated using Columb's theory as per IRC:78 - 2000, Cl.710.1.3
Soil parameters
=
=
=
=
=
18
30
0
88
20
kN/m3
F.L
Due to surcarge
RL 100.773
Due to Soil
7.15 m
h=
0.5 h
0.42 h
Found. Lvl
1.2 x Ka x
RL 93.623
Ka x x h
sin 2 (- )
sin 2 x
sin ( - )
=
0.930
0.309
Ka
x
0.309 x
39.743 kN/m2
PA
=
=
=
0.5
p
x
x
0.5
x 39.743 x
142.08 kN/m
Horizontal component
=
=
=
Vertical component
=
=
sin ( + ) sin ( - )
sin ( - ) sin ( + )
0.7735451475
0.99923607x
x
x
PA
cos 20
x
142.083 x
0.94
133.514 kN/m
PA
142.083 x
sin 20
0.34
KLESCET Consultants
h
7.15
h
7.15
0.766 x
0.5
0.930 x
1.000
Abutment Design
48.595
kN/m
KLESCET Consultants
Abutment Design
Horizontal component
Vertical component
=
=
=
=
=
Ka
1.2 x
x
6.670
kN/m
6.670
h
x
6.670 x
7.15
47.692 kN/m
=
=
=
47.692
47.692
44.816
cos 20
0.94
kN/m
=
=
=
47.692
sin 20
x
47.692
x 0.34
16.312xkN/m
x
x
8.20
18
64.907
kN/m
178.330 kN/m
532.235 kN
1462.304 kN
m carrigeway
( 1 + Av ) cos2 ( - - )
1
sin ( + ) sin (- - )
cos ( - ) cos ( + + )
Where,
Ca
=
=
13.6
1.036
0.794
tan-1(Ah/1-Av)
PAE
1
+ 0.766
x
0.999618
0.569
0.5 x x h2 x Ca
KLESCET Consultants
0.282
0.817
Abutment Design
=
=
0.5x18x7.150x7.150x0.569
261.8 kN/m
KLESCET Consultants
Abutment Design
F.L
RL 100.773
Due to surcarge
Due to Soil
7.15 m
h=
0.66 h
0.5 h
Found. Lvl
0.2 x 1.2 x x Ca
RL 93.623
(Ca - Ka) x x h
Total Seismic
Pressure
PAEQ
Horizontal component
Vertical component
=
=
(Ca - Ka) x
0.260 x
33.491
0.5
h
7.15
kN/m2
=
=
0.5
x 33.491 x
119.73 kN/m
=
=
=
PAEQ
PAEQ
=
=
=
7.15
cos 20
119.731 x
0.94
112.511 kN/m
sin 20
119.731 x 0.34
40.950 kN/m
0.2
0.2
4.320
Ca
1.2
1.2
x
x
x Earth fill
18
kN/m
=
=
Horizontal component
Vertical component
0.569 x x
17.58
kN/m
7.15
=
=
=
17.58
17.58
16.52
=
=
=
17.58
sin 20
x
17.58
x 0.34
6.01xkN/m
cos 20
0.94
x
kN/m
x
KLESCET Consultants
46.962
kN/m
Abutment Design
8.20
129.027 kN/m
385.088 kN
1058.020 kN
m carrigeway
KLESCET Consultants
Abutment Design
6250mm
274.08kN
Moment
(Md)
566.59kN
Stem thickness
(h)
900mm
Breadth
(b)
1000mm
Grade of concrete
M25
Grade of steel
Fe415
20
Area of
20 mm dia. bars
180 c/c
314sq.mm
12
11.11
[or]
12
5.56
[or]
3770sq.mm
679sq.mm
Area of
12 mm dia. bars
Modular ratio
180 c/c
113sq.mm
10
566.59
x
274.08
900
6
900
=
=
>
1000
2
3
900
2
h/2
>
2067.2mm
150.0mm
450.0mm
1350.0mm
3h/2
Effective depth
50
20
60mm
840mm
2
900 - 60
fcu
x
h = 900
d = 840
60
b=
1000
=
243.00mm
SAFE
KLESCET Consultants
0%
Abutment Design
K1
= b.x
1,000 x 243
243000sq.mm
= 212.83mm
e-x
1-
2d
1-
d'
243
1-
2x840
840
3d
(e - 1)
2,067.25 - 212.83
(10x1.5-1) x
1-
243
3x840
60
243
2.b.d + 3.A's.
1-
274.08
=
d'
1000
0.131x1,000x840 + 10.543x679x
d
x
3.208
1-
60
840
= 7.551Mpa
FC
Nd
bx+eAs+(e-1)A'S
274.08x 1000
1000x243+10x3,769.91+(10-1)678.58
274077.95
286806.37
= 0.956Mpa
Fcs max
( Fcs + FC )
7.55
0.96
8.51MPa
>
8.33Mpa
UNSAFE
KLESCET Consultants
= 3.208
= 0.131
= 10.543
Abutment Design
200.00Mpa
1000
3769.9111843078
= 184.992Mpa
fst max = ( fst + Fc )
184.99
= 184.04MPa
0.96
<
200.00Mpa
SAFE
Check for the depth of Neutral Axis:
Actual depth of Neutral Axis based on the stress level in concrete and steel and the effective depth is calculated from the
formula
d
xa
1+
840
fst
e.fcs
184.99
1+
243.49mm
10x7.55
243.49 - 243.00
243.49
100
0.20%
<
5 %
SAFE
6250.0mm
sqrt(I/A)
sqrt[(1,000x900^3) / (12x900x1,000)]
259.8mm
1.75
Effective length
=
leff/r =
Slenderness ratio,
1.75 x 6,250
42.10
0.30%
20 f
180 c/c +
10937.5mm
SHORT COLUMN
of gross area
(Ast + Asc)(
10,937.50 / 259.81
12 f
2700sq.mm
180 c/c )
= 3769.91118431
>
100
678.58401 =
2700sq.mm
KLESCET Consultants
SAFE
4448sq.mm
Abutment Design
SEISMIC COEFFICIENT
Seismic coefficient is calculated as per provisions made in IRC 6 - 2010, IS 1893 - 1984 and IITK
guidelines.
Soil type
=
Medium soil
Zone number
=
V
Zone factor
Z
=
0.36
(Refer IRC 6 -2010, Table 6, Pg.No.47)
Importance factor
I
=
1.20
(Refer IRC 6 -2010, Table 7, Pg.No.51)
Reduction factor
R
=
2.50
(Refer IRC 6 -2010, Table 8, Pg.No.52)
CALCULATION OF TIME PERIOD
(Refer IRC 6 -2000, Appendix - 2, Pg.No.61)
T
=
2D/(1000F)
Where,
T
=
Fundamental period of the pier/abutment in secs for horizontal vibrations
D
=
Appropriate dead load of the superstructure and live load in kN
Horizontal force in kN required to be applied at the centre of mass of
superstructure for one mm deflection at the top of the pier/abutment
F
=
along the considered direction of horizontal force.
=
=
=
=
=
Grade of concrete
Dead Load
Live load
Self Weight of Abutment
Total ( w )
25
394.36
494.83
983.87
1873.07
kN
kN
kN
kN
Height of abutment
5425 mm
Breadth of abutment
8200 mm
750 mm
Young's Modulus
5000Fck
25000
(B x t3 / 12)
Moment of inertia
Igr
KLESCET Consultants
N/mm2
8200 x 4.22E+08
12
Abutment Design
=
T=2W/(1000F)
FL3 / 3EI
F
3EI/L3
x25000.00 x2.88E+11
1.60E+011
135.418635 kN
0.235 Sec
Sa /g
=
2.50
( Refer IRC:6-2010, Cl.219.5.1, Pg.No.50)
Design horizontal seismic coefficient
Z I Sa
Ah
=
2Rg
=
=
(0.36x1.2x2.5)
2x2.5
0.216
0.108
KLESCET Consultants
2.88E+11 mm4
Abutment Design
For
8.20 m carrigeway
Seismic force at
bearing level
0.216 x 394.36
=
Longitudinal
moment upto
footing top level
85.18 kN
85.18
Longitudinal
moment upto
footing bottom
level
6.325
538.77 kN-m
85.18
7.225
615.44 kN-m
10.39 kN/m
Longitudinal
moment upto
footing top level
65.70 kN/m
Longitudinal
moment upto
footing bottom
level
75.05 kN/m
KLESCET Consultants
Abutment Design
DESIGN OF FOOTING
Abutment hight above footing
Unit weight of soil
Unit weight of concrete
=
=
=
1.5
6.3 m
18.0 kN/m3
25.0 kN/m3
1.0
3.2
A
0.9
0.9
0.9
5.6
65.319 kN/m2
141.916 kN/m2
85.836 kN/m2
99.514 kN/m2
Upward pressure diagram
112.5 kN/
11.655kN/
22.5 kN/
mm
22.5 kN/
mm
dreqd.
=
=
3.2
m
144.73 +
509.51
triangle
rectangle
539.05
(M /Q.b)
115.20
rectangle
kN-m/m
539.05 x 1000000
1.11 x
1000
=
=
=
=
=
=
698.34
900.00
75.00
25
12.50
812.50
539.05 x
0.902 x
3677.8
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
> dreq
SAFE
Are of Steel Required
Ast
Spacing required
Spacing provided
=
=
1000000
200 x
812.50
mm2
133
120 mm
4090.62
mm2/m
KLESCET Consultants
SAFE
Abutment Design
2.3875
99.51
141.916
kN/m2
kN/m
110.280 kN/m2
3.2
Shear Force across the
critical section
37.77
triangle
247.34
V
bd
=
=
100 As
bd
53.72
rectangle
rectangle
kN/m
247.34 x 1000
1000
x 812.50
0.30
N/mm2
4090.62 xx
1000 x
263.3
0.50
100
812.50
0.311
MPa
c (Mpa)
0.31
0.37
>
SAFE
1.5
126.56 +
13.11
8.74
7.69
KLESCET Consultants
73.48
Abutment Design
67.24
(M /Q.b)
67.24
1.11
246.64
=
=
=
=
=
900.00
75.00
67.24
0.902
j
Ast
456.22
Ast(min)
0.12%
1080
mm2/m
1080
mm2/m
dreqd.
Ast,required
Spacing required
Spacing provided
kN-m/m
x 1000000
1000
x
mm
mm
mm
16 mm
8.00
mm
817.00 mm
=
=
> dreq
SAFE
1000000
817
x 200 xx
st. stress
eff depth
mm2/m
900
< Ast(min)
x
1000
186
150 mm
1340.41
SAFE
mm2/m
65.32
kN/m2
85.8
kN/m2
1.5
Shear Force across the
critical section
168.75
89.13
+ 33.75
kN/m
KLESCET Consultants
113.37
Abutment Design
V
bd
89.13
1000
0.11
1000
817
x
x
N/mm2
bd
1340.41 x
1000 x
0.164
100
817
0.204
c (Mpa)
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.23
MPa
>
KLESCET Consultants
SAFE