Chemistry for

Changing Times,
Thirteenth Edition

Lecture Outlines

Chapter 5
Chemical Accounting

John
Singer, Dr. Cassian DCunha
Instructor:
Jackson
College
FloridaCommunity
International
University
2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

Chemical Sentences: Equations

Chemical equations represent the sentences in
the language of chemistry. They communicate a
chemical change using symbols and formulas to
represent the elements and compounds involved in
a chemical reaction.

2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

Chapter 5

Chemical Sentences: Equations

Reactants are the species present before the
reaction.
Products are the species present after the reaction.
Reactants Products
The arrow () means yield(s) or react(s) to
produce.

2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

Chapter 5

Remember from Ch2: Lavoisier The Law of Conservation of Mass

Early 1700s Lavoisier
Law of Conservation of
Mass: During a chemical
change, matter is neither
created nor destroyed.

2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

Chapter 2

Chemical Sentences: Equations

Coefficients are numbers used to balance a
chemical equation. Never change the subscripts.

2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

Chapter 5

EXAMPLE 5.1 Balancing Equations

Balance the following chemical equation, which represents the reaction that occurs when an airbag in a car deploys.

NaN3 Na + N2

Solution
The sodium (Na) atoms are balanced, but the nitrogen atoms are not. To balance this equation, we can use the concept of the least
common multiple. There are three nitrogen atoms on the left (reactant side) and two on the right (product side). The least common
multiple of 2 and 3 is 6. To get six nitrogen atoms on each side, we need three N2 and two NaN3:

We now have two sodium atoms on the left. We can get two on the right by placing the coefficient 2 in front of Na.
2 NaN3 2 Na + 3 N2 (balanced)
Checking, we count two Na atoms and six N atoms on each side. The equation is balanced.

Exercise 5.1A
The reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to give ammonia, called the Haber process, is typically the first step in the industrial
production of nitrogen fertilizers.
H2 + N2 NH3 quation.
Balance the equation.

Exercise 5.1B
Iron ores such as Fe2O3 are smelted by reaction with carbon to produce metallic iron and carbon dioxide.
Balance the equation.

Chemistry for Changing Times, 13th Edition

By John W. Hill, Terry W. McCreary, Doris K. Kolb

Fe2O3 + ChCO2 + Fe

Copyright 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc.

5.1 Which of the following is not properly balanced

and how would it be written correctly?

a.
b.
c.
d.

P4 + 6 Cl2 4 PCl3
N2 + O2 N2O
Ca(OH)2 + 2 HBr CaBr2 + 2 H2O
C3H8 + 5 O2 3 CO2 + 4 H2O

2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

5.1 Which of the following is not properly balanced

and how would it be written correctly?

a.
b.
c.
d.

P4 + 6 Cl2 4 PCl3
N2 + O2 N2O not balanced
2 N2 + O2 2 N2O okay
Ca(OH) 2 + 2 HBr CaBr2 + 2 H2O
C3H8 + 5 O2 3 CO2 + 4 H2O

2013 Pearson Education, Inc.