Simplification and Roots

Reasoning and Quantitative aptitude
Simplification & Roots
PREREQUISITES:
(I) SIMPLIFICATION
(i)'BODMAS' Rule:
This rule depicts the correct sequence in which the operations are to be executed, so as to
find out the value of given expression.
Here B - Bracket,
O - of,
D - Division,
M - Multiplication,
A - Addition and
S - Subtraction
Thus, in simplifying an expression, first of all the brackets must be removed, strictly in
the order (), {} and ||.
After removing the brackets, we must use the following operations strictly in the order:
(i) of (ii) Division (iii) Multiplication (iv) Addition (v) Subtraction.
(ii)Modulus of a Real Number:
Modulus of a real number a is defined as
|a| =
a, if a > 0
-a, if a < 0
Thus, |5| = 5 and |-5| = -(-5) = 5.

(iii)Virnaculum (or Bar):
When an expression contains Virnaculum, before applying the 'BODMAS' rule, we
simplify the expression under the Virnaculum.
(II)ROOTS
Roots" (or "radicals") are the "opposite" operation of applying exponents; you can "undo"
a power with a radical, and a radical can "undo" a power. For instance, if you square 2,
you get 4, and if you "take the square root of 4", you get 2; if you square 3, you get 9, and
if you "take the square root of 9", you get 3: Copyright Elizabeth Stapel 1999-2011
All Rights Reserved
SITAMS
Page 1
The " " symbol is called the "radical"symbol. (Technically, just the "check mark" part
of the symbol is the radical; the line across the top is called the "vinculum".) The
expression " " is read as "root nine", "radical nine", or "the square root of nine".
You can raise numbers to powers other than just 2; you can cube things, raise them to the
fourth power, raise them to the 100th power, and so forth. In the same way, you can take
the cube root of a number, the fourth root, the 100th root, and so forth. To indicate some
root other than a square root, you use the same radical symbol, but you insert a number
into the radical, tucking it into the "check mark" part. For instance:
The "3" in the above is the "index" of the radical; the "64" is "the argument of the
radical", also called "the radicand". Since most radicals you see are square roots, the
index is not included on square roots. While "
never seen it used.
a square (second) root is written as
" would be technically correct, I've
a cube (third) root is written as

a fourth root is written as
a fifth root is written as:

You can take any counting number, square it, and end up with a nice neat number. But
the process doesn't always work going backwards. For instance, consider , the square
root of three. There is no nice neat number that squares to 3, so cannot be simplified as
a nice whole number. You can deal with in either of two ways: If you are doing a word
problem and are trying to find, say, the rate of speed, then you would grab your calculator
and find the decimal approximation of :
Then you'd round the above value to an appropriate number of decimal places and use a
real-world unit or label, like "1.7 ft/sec". On the other hand, you may be solving a plain
old math exercise, something with no "practical" application. Then they would almost
certainly want the "exact" value, so you'd give your answer as being simply " ".
Simplifying Square-Root Terms
To simplify a square root, you "take out" anything that is a "perfect square"; that is, you
take out front anything that has two copies of the same factor:
(III)
SITAMS
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Note that the value of the simplified radical is positive. While either of +2 and 2 might
have been squared to get 4, "the square root of four" is defined to be only the positive
option, +2. When you solve the equation x2 = 4, you are trying to find all possible values
that might have been squared to get 4. But when you are just simplifying the expression
, the ONLY answer is "2"; this positive result is called the "principal" root. (Other
roots, such as 2, can be defined using graduate-school topics like "complex analysis"
and "branch functions", but you won't need that for years, if ever.)
Sometimes the argument of a radical is not a perfect square, but it may "contain" a square
amongst its factors. To simplify, you need to factor the argument and "take out" anything
that is a square; you find anything you've got a pair of inside the radical, and you move it
out front. To do this, you use the fact that you can switch between the multiplication of
roots and the root of a multiplication. In other words, radicals can be manipulated
similarly to powers:
SITAMS
Page 3
SOLVED PROBLEMS ON SIMPLIFICATION:
1. A man has Rs. 480 in the denominations of one-rupee notes, five-rupee notes and ten-rupee
notes. The number of notes of each denomination is equal. What is the total number of notes
that he has ?
A.45
B.60
C.75
D.90
Answer & Explanation
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Let number of notes of each denomination be x.
Then x + 5x + 10x = 480
16x = 480
x = 30.
Hence, total number of notes = 3x = 90.
2.There are two examinations rooms A and B. If 10 students are sent from A to B, then the
number of students in each room is the same. If 20 candidates are sent from B to A, then the
number of students in A is double the number of students in B. The number of students in
room A is:
A.20
B.80
C.100
D.200
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Let the number of students in rooms A and B be x and y respectively.
Then, x - 10 = y + 10
x - y = 20 .... (i)
and x + 20 = 2(y - 20)
x - 2y = -60 .... (ii)
Solving (i) and (ii) we get: x = 100 , y = 80.
The required answer A = 100.
SITAMS
Page 4
3. The price of 10 chairs is equal to that of 4 tables. The price of 15 chairs and 2 tables together
is Rs. 4000. The total price of 12 chairs and 3 tables is:
A.Rs. 3500
B.Rs. 3750
C.Rs. 3840
D.Rs. 3900
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Let the cost of a chair and that of a table be Rs. x and Rs. y respectively.
5
Then, 10x = 4y or y = x.
2
15x + 2y = 4000
5
15x + 2 x x = 4000
2
20x = 4000
x = 200.
So, y =
5
x 200 = 500.
2
Hence, the cost of 12 chairs and 3 tables = 12x + 3y

= Rs. (2400 + 1500)
= Rs. 3900.
4.If a - b = 3 and a2 + b2 = 29, find the value of ab.

A.10
B.12
C.15
D.18
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
2ab = (a2 + b2) - (a - b)2
= 29 - 9 = 20
ab = 10.
SITAMS
Page 5
5. The price of 2 sarees and 4 shirts is Rs. 1600. With the same money one can buy 1 saree and 6
shirts. If one wants to buy 12 shirts, how much shall he have to pay ?
A.Rs. 1200
B.Rs. 2400
C.Rs. 4800
D.Cannot be determined
E. None of these
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Let the price of a saree and a shirt be Rs. x and Rs. y respectively.
Then, 2x + 4y = 1600 .... (i)
and x + 6y = 1600 .... (ii)
Divide equation (i) by 2, we get the below equation.
=> x + 2y = 800. --- (iii)
Now subtract (iii) from (ii)
x + 6y = 1600 (-)
x + 2y = 800
---------------4y = 800
---------------Therefore, y = 200.
Now apply value of y in (iii)
=> x + 2 x 200 = 800
=> x + 400 = 800
Therefore x = 400
Solving (i) and (ii) we get x = 400, y = 200.
Cost of 12 shirts = Rs. (12 x 200) = Rs. 2400.
6.A sum of Rs. 1360 has been divided among A, B and C such that A gets of what B gets and
SITAMS
Page 6

B gets of what C gets. B's share is:
A.Rs. 120
C.Rs. 240
B.Rs. 160
D.Rs. 300

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Let C's share = Rs. x
x
2 x
x
Then, B's share = Rs. , A's share = Rs. x = Rs.
4
3 4
6
x x
+ + x = 1360
6 4
17x
= 1360
12
1360 x 12
x=
= Rs. 960
17
960
Hence, B's share = Rs.
= Rs. 240.
4
7.One-third of Rahul's savings in National Savings Certificate is equal to one-half of his
savings in Public Provident Fund. If he has Rs. 1,50,000 as total savings, how much has he
saved in Public Provident Fund ?
A.Rs. 30,000
B.Rs. 50,000
C.Rs. 60,000
D.Rs. 90,000
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Let savings in N.S.C and P.P.F. be Rs. x and Rs. (150000 - x) respectively. Then,
1 1
x = (150000 - x)
3 2
x x
+ = 75000
3 2
5x
= 75000
6
75000 x 6
x=
= 90000
5
Savings in Public Provident Fund = Rs. (150000 - 90000) = Rs. 60000
8.A fires 5 shots to B's 3 but A kills only once in 3 shots while B kills once in 2 shots. When B
SITAMS
Page 7

has missed 27 times, A has killed:
A.30 birds
C.72 birds
B.60 birds
D.90 birds

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Let the total number of shots be x. Then,
5
Shots fired by A = x
8
3
Shots fired by B = x
8
1 5 5
Killing shots by A = of x= x
3 8 24
1 3 3
Shots missed by B = of x= x
2 8 16
3x
27 x 16
= 27 or x =
= 144.
16
3
Birds killed by A =
5x 5
=
x 144 = 30.
24 24
9. Eight people are planning to share equally the cost of a rental car. If one person withdraws
from the arrangement and the others share equally the entire cost of the car, then the share of
each of the remaining persons increased by:
1
1
A.
B.
7
8
1
7
C.
D.
9
8
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Original share of 1 person =
New share of 1 person =
1
8
1
7
Increase = 1-1 =1
SITAMS
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78
56
Required fraction =
(1/56) 1 8 1
=
x =
(1/8)
56 1 7
10. To fill a tank, 25 buckets of water is required. How many buckets of water will be required to
fill the same tank if the capacity of the bucket is reduced to two-fifth of its present ?
A.10
B.35
C.62.5
D.Cannot be determined
E. None of these
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Let the capacity of 1 bucket = x.
Then, the capacity of tank = 25x.
2
New capacity of bucket = x
5
Required number of buckets =
25x
(2x/5)
5
x
25x 2x
125
=
2
=
= 62.5
11.In a regular week, there are 5 working days and for each day, the working hours are 8. A
man gets Rs. 2.40 per hour for regular work and Rs. 3.20 per hours for overtime. If he earns
Rs. 432 in 4 weeks, then how many hours does he work for ?
A.160
B.175
C.180
D.195
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Suppose the man works overtime for x hours.
Now, working hours in 4 weeks = (5 x 8 x 4) = 160.
160 x 2.40 + x x 3.20 = 432
3.20x = 432 - 384 = 48
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x = 15.
Hence, total hours of work = (160 + 15) = 175.
12.Free notebooks were distributed equally among children of a class. The number of
notebooks each child got was one-eighth of the number of children. Had the number of
children been half, each child would have got 16 notebooks. Total how many notebooks were
distributed ?
A.256
B.432
C.512
D.640
E. None of these
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Let total number of children be x.
1 x
Then, x x x = x 16
x = 64.
8 2
1
1
Number of notebooks = x2 = x 64 x 64 = 512.
8
8
13.A man has some hens and cows. If the number of heads be 48 and the number of feet
equals 140, then the number of hens will be:
A.22
B.23
C.24
D.26
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Let the number of hens be x and the number of cows be y.
Then, x + y = 48 .... (i)
and 2x + 4y = 140
x + 2y = 70 .... (ii)
Solving (i) and (ii) we get: x = 26, y = 22.
The required answer = 26.
14.(469 + 174)2 - (469 - 174)2
=?
(469 x 174)
A.2
C.295
B.4
D.643

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
(a + b)2 - (a - b)2
Given exp. =
ab
SITAMS
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4ab
ab
= 4 (where a = 469, b = 174.)
=
15.David gets on the elevator at the 11th floor of a building and rides up at the rate of 57
floors per minute. At the same time, Albert gets on an elevator at the 51st floor of the same
building and rides down at the rate of 63 floors per minute. If they continue travelling at
these rates, then at which floor will their paths cross ?
A.19
B.28
C.30
D.37
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Suppose their paths cross after x minutes.
Then, 11 + 57x = 51 - 63x
120x = 40
1
x=
3
Number of floors covered by David in (1/3) min. =
1
x 57 = 19.
3
So, their paths cross at (11 +19) i.e., 30th floor.
SOLVED PROBLEMS ON ROOTS:

1.Simplify
There are various ways I can approach this simplification. One would be by factoring and then
taking two different square roots:
SITAMS
Page 11
The square root of 144 is 12.

You probably already knew that 122 = 144, so obviously the square root of 144 must be 12. But
my steps above show how you can switch back and forth between the different formats
(multiplication inside one radical, versus multiplication of two radicals) to help in the
simplification process.
2.Simplify
Neither of 24 and 6 is a square, but what happens if I multiply them inside one radical?
3.Simplify
This answer is pronounced as "five, root three". It is proper form to put the radical at the end of
the expression. Not only is "
" non-standard, it is very hard to read, especially when hand-
written. And write neatly, because "
" is not the same as "
".
You don't have to factor the radicand all the way down to prime numbers when simplifying. As
soon as you see a pair of factors or a perfect square, you've gone far enough.
4.Simplify
Since 72 factors as 236, and since 36 is a perfect square, then:
Since there had been only one copy of the factor 2 in the factorization 266, that left-over 2
couldn't come out of the radical and had to be left behind.
5.Simplify
Variables in a radical's argument are simplified in the same way: whatever you've got a pair of
can be taken "out front".
6.Simplify
SITAMS
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7.Simplify
The 12 is the product of 3 and 4, so I have a pair of 2's but a 3 left over. Also, I have two pairs of
a's; three pairs of b's, with one b left over; and one pair of c's, with one c left over. So the root
simplifies as:
You are used to putting the numbers first in an algebraic expression, followed by any variables.
But for radical expressions, any variables outside the radical should go in front of the radical, as
shown above.
8.Simplify
Writing out the complete factorization would be a bore, so I'll just use what I know about
powers. The 20 factors as 45, with the 4 being a perfect square. The r18 has nine pairs of r's; the
s is unpaired; and the t21 has ten pairs of t's, with one t left over. Then:
Technical point: Your textbook may tell you to "assume all variables are positive" when you
simplify. Why? The square root of the square of a negative number is not the original number.
For instance, you could start with 2, square to get +4, and then take the square root (which is
defined to be the positive root) to get +2. You plugged in a negative and ended up with a
positive. Sound familiar? It should: it's how the absolute value works: |2| = +2. Taking the
square root of the square is in fact the technical definition of the absolute value. But this
technicality can cause difficulties if you're working with values of unknown sign; that is, with
variables. The |2| is +2, but what is the sign on | x |? You can't know, because you don't know
the sign of x itself unless they specify that you should "assume all variables are positive", or
at least non-negative (which means "positive or zero").
Multiplying Square Roots

The first thing you'll learn to do with square roots is "simplify" terms that add or multiply roots.
SITAMS
Page 13
Simplifying multiplied radicals is pretty simple. We use the fact that the product of two radicals
is the same as the radical of the product, and vice versa.
9.Write as the product of two radicals:
Copyright Elizabeth Stapel 1999-2011 All Rights Reserved

Okay, so that manipulation wasn't very useful. But working in the other direction can be helpful:
10.Simplify by writing with no more than one radical:
The process works the same way when variables are included:
Just as with "regular" numbers, square roots can be added together. But you might not be able to
simplify the addition all the way down to one number. Just as "you can't add apples and
oranges", so also you cannot combine "unlike" radicals. To add radical terms together, they have
to have the same radical part.
14.Simplify:
SITAMS
Page 14
Since the radical is the same in each term (namely, the square root of three), I can combine the
terms. I have two copies of the radical, added to another three copies. This gives me five copies:
That middle step, with the parentheses, shows the reasoning that justifies the final answer. You
probably won't ever need to "show" this step, but it's what should be going through your mind.
15.Simplify:
The radical part is the same in each term, so I can do this addition. To help me keep track that the
first term means "one copy of the square root of three", I'll insert the "understood" "1":
Don't assume that expressions with unlike radicals cannot be simplified. It is possible that, after
simplifying the radicals, the expression can indeed be simplified.
EXERCISEPROBLEMS WITH SOLOUTION:

1. The sum of the smallest six-digit number and the greatest five-digit number is:
a. 199999
b. 201110
c. 211110
d. 1099999
Answer with Explanation:

The smallest six digit number
1,00,000
The greatest five digit number
99,999
SITAMS
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Therefore the sum of the smallest
1,00,000 + 99,999
six digit number and the greatest

five digit number
1,99,999
2. Which of the following has most number of divisors?

a. 99
b. 101
c. 176
d. 182

Divisiors of 99 = 1, 3, 9, 11, 33, 99
Divisors of 101 = 1,101
Divisors of 176 = 1, 2, 4, 8, 11, 22, 44, 88, 176
Divisors of 182 = 1, 2, 7, 13, 14, 26, 91, 182
Therefore 176 has most number of divisors.
3. Which of the following has fractions in ascending order?
a.
1 3 7 9 8
, , , ,
3 5 9 11 9
b.
3 2 9 7 8
, , , ,
5 3 11 9 9
c.
8 9 7 2 3
, , , ,
9 11 9 3 5
d.
8 9 7 3 2
, , , ,
9 11 9 5 3

LCM of (1,3,7,9,8)
1512 and
LCM of (2,3,7,8,9)
3024
Therefore For (a) we have
1512 1512
,
, Not in ascending order
4536 2515
For (b) we have
3024 3024
,
, Not in ascending order
5040 4536
For (c) we have
3024 3024 3024 3024 3024

,
,
,
,
3402 3696 3888 4536 5040
The fractions are in ascending order.

SITAMS
Page 16

For (d), we have
3024 3024 3024 3024 3024

,
,
,
,
3402 3696 3888 5040 4536
Not in ascending order.

Therefore the answer is (c)
4. If one-third of one-fourth of a number is 15, then three-tenth of that number is:
a. 35
b. 36
c. 45
d. 54

Given one third of one fourth of a number (x) is 15.
1 1
( ( x x)) = 15
3 4
x = 15 x 12
x = 180
Three benth of x =
3
xx
10
3
x 180 = 54
10
5. (8 88) 8888088 =?
a. 808008
b. 808080
c. 808088
d. 8008008

8
8888088
x 8888088 =
88
11
= 808008
Note :
SITAMS
Page 17
808008 x 11 = 8888088
6. The value of 10 25 108 154 225 is:
a. 4
b. 5
c. 8
d. 10

10 25 108 154 225
= 10 25 108 154 15
= 10 25 108 169
Therefore
225 = 15
Therefore 169 =13
= 10 25 121
Therefore 121 = 11
= 10 25 11
Therefore
36 = 6
= 10 6
= 16
=4
7. 9548 + 7314 = 8362 + ?
a. 8230
b. 8410
c. 8500
d. 8600

9548 + 7314 = 9548
7314
___________
16862
SITAMS
Page 18

(-)
8362
___________
8500
____________
Ans = 8500
(i.e) 9548 + 7314 = 8362 + 8500

8. The H.C.F of 24 33 55 24, 23 32 52 7 and 24 34 5 72 11 is
a. 22 32 5
b. 22 32 5 7 11
c. 24 34 54
d. 24 3455777

Among the three factors
HCF of 24 x 24, 23, 24 is = 23
HCF of 33, 32, 34 is = 32
HCF of 55, 52, 5 = 5
7 & 11 are not in three terms
So we leave the values 7, 72, 11
HCF of three terms = 23 x 32 x 5
2 3 4
5
9. What is the difference between the biggest and the smallest fraction among , , and ?
3 4 5
6
a.
1
6
b.
1
12
c.
1
20
d.
1
30
SITAMS
Page 19

The biggest among
2 3 4 5
5
, , , is =
3 4 5 6
6
The Smallest among
2 3 4 5
2
, , , is =
3 4 5 6
3
The difference between the biggest and the smallest fraction =
5
2
6
3
15 12
18
3
18
1
6
10. Find the number which when multiplied by 15 increased by 196.

a. 14
b. 20
c. 26
d. 28

15 x 14 = 210
Which is increased by 196 210 14
196 since we multiply it by 15
So the number is 14
11.
4 4 18 6 8
?
123 6 146 5
a. 1
b. 2
c. 6.65
d. 7.75

4 (4 x18) 6 8
4 72 6 8
=
123 x6 146 x5
(123x6) (146 x5)
SITAMS
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=
4 72 6 8
738 730
62
8
= 7.75
12. In the following sum, ? stands for which digit?
? + 1? + 2? + ?3 + ?1 = 21?
a. 4
b. 6
c. 8
d. 9
c. (21, 35)
d. (23, 92)

8+81+28+83+81 = 218
Answer is 8
13. Which of the following is a pair of co-primes?
a. (16, 62)
b. (18, 25)
Two numbers are said to be co-prime if their H.C.F is 1.

H.C.F of 16, 62 is 2
H.C.F of 18, 25 is 1
H.C.F. of 21, 35 is 7
Co-prime = (18, 25).
14. 34.95 + 240.016 + 23.98 = ?

a. 298.0946
b. 298.111
c. 298.946
d. 299.09
Ordinary Addition
SITAMS
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34.95
240.016
23.98 (+)
_________________
298.946
_________________
15. If the sum of one-half and one-fifth of a number exceeds one-third of that
1
3
number by 7 , the number is:

a. 15
b. 18
c. 20
d. 30

Let the unknown number be x
1
1
1
1
x + x (7 ) = x
2
5
3
3
x x 22
x
+ =
2 5
3
3
x x x
22
+ =
2 5 3
3
15 x 6 x 10 x
22
=
30
3
11x
22
=
30
3
SITAMS
Page 22
x
=2
10
x = 20
16.
1
1
is equal to:
1
3
2
1
3
4
a.
7
14
b.
12
49
c. 1
1
12
d. None of these
1
1
+
1
3
2
1
3
4
=
1
1
+
7
7
3
4
3
4
+
7
7
7
7
=1
The Answer is None of these.
17.
25 1
?
81 9
a.
SITAMS
2
3
b.
4
9
c.
16
81
d.
25
81
Page 23
25 1
81 9
25 9
81
16
81
4/9
18. The value of 112 54 is:

a. 6700
b. 70000
c. 76500
d. 77200

54 = 5 x 5 x 5 x 5
= 25 x 25
= 625
112 x 54 = 112 x 625
_______________
560
224
672
________________
70000
_________________
The Answer is 70000
19. The L.C.M of 23 32 5 11, 24 34 52 7 and 25 33 53 72 11 is :

SITAMS
Page 24
a. 23 32 5
b. 25 34 53
c. 23 32 5 7 11
d. 25 34 53 72 11

Since the multipliers are all in multiplication we can take the L.C.M. of each number separately.
LCM of 23, 24, 25 = 25
LCM of 32, 34, 33 = 34
LCM of 5, 52, 53 = 53
LCM of 7, 72 = 72
LCM of 11, 11 = 11
LCM of 23 x 32 x 5 x 11, 24 x 34 x 52 x 7,
25 x 33 x 53 x 72 x 11 is
= 25 x 34 x 53 x 72 x 11
20. 12.1212 + 17.0005 9.1102 = ?
a. 20.0015
b. 20.0105
c. 20.0115
d. 20.1015

12.1212
17.0005
______________
29.1217
9.1102
______________
20.0115
_____________
SITAMS
Page 25
21. The sum of a number and its reciprocal is one-eight of 34. What is the product of the number
and its square root?
a. 8
b. 27
c. 32
d. None of these

Let the unknown number be x
The sum of a number x & its reciprocal is
Given x +
1
(34)
8
1
1
= (34)
x
8
x=
x 2 1 17
=
4
x
- b b 2 - 4ac
2a
a = 4, b= -17, c=4
x=
4x2 17x + 4 = 0
Taking x = 4
The product of x & its square root = x x
=4x
=4x2
17 289 64
8
17 225
8
17 15
8
17 15 17 15
,
8
8
= x = 4,
1
4
=8
22.
3
of 168 15 5 + ? = 549 9 + 235
8
SITAMS
Page 26

a. 107
b. 174
c. 189
d. 296
c. 0.0609
d. 0.069

R.H.S. =
549
+ 235
9
= 61 + 235
R.H.S. = 296
3
15
L.H.S. = ( x168) x
+ x Where x has to be found
8
5
L.H.S. = 189 = x
L.H.S. = R.H.S. 189 + x = 296
x = 296 189
x = 107
23.
0.00004761 equals:
a. 0.00069
b. 0.0069
0.00004761 =
SITAMS
0.00004761x108
108
4761
108
69 2
(10 4 ) 2
4761 = 69 )
Page 27

=
69
10 4
= 0.0069
24. The average of five consecutive odd numbers is 61. What is the difference between of these
highest and lowest numbers?
a. 2
b. 5
c. 8
d. None of these
Let the Consecutive odd numbers be

x, x +2, x +4, x +6, x +8
Given
x x2 x4 x6 x8
= 61
5
5 x 20
= 61
5
x+4 =61
x = 57
The numbers are 57, 59, 61, 63, 65
Difference between the highest and lowest number is 65 57 = 8.

25. A positive integer, which when added to 1000, gives a sum which is greater than when it is
multiplies by 1000. This positive integer is:
a. 1
b. 3
c. 5
d. 7

Let us take the positive integes as x.
SITAMS
Page 28
Then x+1000 1000 x (Given)
1000 x x+1000
1000 x- x 1000
(1000-1) x 1000
999 x 1000
1000
999
x 1.00
x=1
26. The H.C.F of
a.
9 12 18
21
is:
, , , and
10 25 35
40
3
5
b.
252
5
c.
3
2800
d.
63
700

The numerators are : 9, 12, 18, 21.
3, 9, 12, 18, 21
3, 4, 6, 7 Here common divisor = 3

SITAMS
Page 29
The denominators are : 10, 25, 35, 40
10, 25, 35, 40
2, 5, 7, 8
5 x 2 x 5 x 7 x 8 = 2800
H.C.F =
3
2800
27. Which of the following is equal to 3.14 106 ?

a. 314
b. 3140
c. 3140000
d. None of these

3.14 x 10 6
= 3.14 x 10,00,000
= 31,40,000
28. The product of two natural numbers is 17. Then, the sum of the reciprocals of their squares
is:
a.
1
189
b.
289
290
c.
290
289
d. 289
Let the take the natural numbers as 1 and 17.

Given that, xy = 17 where x = 1
SITAMS
y = 17
Page 30
1
1
17 2 1
+
=
12 17 2
17 2
29. If a * b =
289 1
289
290
289
ab
, fine the value of 3 * (3 * -1).
ab
a. -3
a*b=
b. -1.5
c. -1
d. 2 / 3
c. 1.45
d. 1.55
ab
(given)
ab

Now 3 * (3 * -1) = ?
Here a = 3 b=3 *-1 =
3* (3*-1) =
3.( 1)
3
=
3 (1)
2
3.(3 / 2)
( by given)
3 ( 3 / 2 )
9/2
3/ 2
=-
9
3
=-3
30. 1.5625 = ?
a. 1.05
b. 1.25

SITAMS
Page 31
1.5625 = 1.25
31. If -1 < x < 2 and 1 < x < 3, then least possible value of (2y 3x) is:
a. 0
b. -3
c. -4
d. -5

-1 x 2
1y3
-3 3x 6
2 2y 6
3 -3x -6
i.e. -6 -3x 3
-4 2y - 3 x 9
The least possible value of
(2y 3x) is -4.

32. The G.C.D. of 1.08, 0.36 and 0.9 is
a. 0.03
b. 0.9
c. 0.18
d. 0.108
0.2
0.9
1.08, 0.36, 0.9
5.4, 1.8, 4.5
(or) 2 108, 36, 90

3
54, 18, 45
18, 6, 15
6, 2, 5
G.C.D = 0.2 x 0.9 = 0.18
SITAMS
6, 2, 5
2x3x3=
18
= 0.18
100
Page 32
33. 40.83 1.02 1.2 = ?

a. 41.64660
b. 49.97592
c. 42.479532
d. 58.7952
4083 102 12
x
x
100
100 10
=
4083 1224
x
100
1000
4997592
100000
= 49.97592
34. The sum of three numbers is 264. If the first number be twice the second and third number be
one-third of the first, then the second number is:
a. 48
b. 54
c. 84
d. 72

x+y+z = 264
1
2y+y+ (2y) = 264
3
3y+
2
y = 264
3
11y
3
= 264
11y
=792
y=72
SITAMS
Page 33
7
1 5
1 of
2 3 and his answer was 1 . By how much
35. A student was asked to solve the fraction 3
2
4
2 1
3
was his answer wrong?
a. 1
b.
1
55
c.
1
220
d. None of these

7 / 3 3 / 2(5 / 3)
7 / 3 5 / 2 14 15
3
29
=
=
x
=
2 5/3
11 / 3
6
11 22
The answer is
i.e.
1
4
29 1 116 22
94
47
- =
=
=
22 4
88
88
44
Ans:
47
44
None of these.
1
?
36. Which number can replace both the question marks in the equation? 2
?
?
32
4
a. 12
b. 7
c. 6
d. None of these

9/2
x
=
x
32
X2 =
9
x 32 16
2
X2 = 144
x = 12
SITAMS
Page 34
37. For the integer n, if n3 is odd, then which of the following statements are true?
I. n is odd
a. I only
II. n2 is odd
b. II only
II. n2 is even
c. I and II only
d. I and III only382. Three
numbers are in the ratio 1 : 2 : 3 and their H.C.F. is 12. The numbers are:
a. 4, 8, 12
b. 5, 10, 15
c. 10, 20, 30
d. 12, 24, 36
Basic Formula:
Product of two odd number is odd
Product of an old and an even number is even
Product of two even numbers is even
n3 = n .n2
n3 is odd = n .n2 is odd
= both n & n2 are odd.
38. How many digits will be there to the right of the decimal point in the product of 95.75 and
0.2554?
a. 5
b. 6
c. 7
d. 9
95.75 x 0.2554
= 24.45455
Ans: 5
39. The sum of two numbers is 25 and their difference is 13. Find their product.
a. 104
SITAMS
b. 114
c. 315
d. 325
Page 35
Basic Formula:
(x + y)2 = (x-y)2 + 4xy
Given x +y = 25
&
x-y = 13
(x + y)2 = (x-y)2 + 4xy

252 = 132 + 4xy
4xy = 252 - 132
=625-169
4xy = 456
xy =
456
4
xy = 114
40. On simplification, 3034 (100220.04) is equal to:
a. 2543
b. 2984
c. 2993
d. 3029

3034 (1002 -20.04)
= 3034 -
1002
20.04
= 3034 1002 x 100

20.04 x 100
= 3034 1002 x 100
2004
SITAMS
Page 36

= 3034 -
100
2
= 3034 50
= 2984
3 n 729 , then the value of n is:
41. If
a. 6
b. 8
c. 10
d. 12

3n = 729
Given
i.e) 3 n/2 = 729

Taking log on both sides,
log 3 n/2 = log 729
n/2 log 3 = log 729
n/2 =
log 729 log 36 6 log 3

=
=
log 3
log 3
log 3
n/2 = 6
n= 2 x 6
n = 12
42. There are four prime numbers written in ascending order. The product of the first three is 385
and that of the last three is 1001. The last number is:
a. 11
b. 13
c. 17
d. 19

Let a, b, c, d be the Four Prime numbers
SITAMS
Page 37
Then abc = 385 1 & bcd = 1001 2

Now gcd of abc & bcd i.e., (abc, bcd)
= bc (a,d)
= bc x 1 ( a & d are prime)
Also (abc, bcd) = (gcd 385, 1001 ) = 77
bc = 77
From 2
bcd = 1001
d=
IIIly From 1, a =
1001 1001
=
= 13
bc
77
385 385
=
=5
bc
77
Four Prime nos are 5, 7, 11, 13

The last no. is 13
43. The sum of two numbers is 528 and their H.C.F. is 33. The number of pairs of numbers
satisfying the above conditions is:
a. 4
b. 6
c. 8
d. 12
Basic Formula:
Given x + y = 528
Greatest common divisor of x, y i.e HCF of (x, y) = 33
Considering the multiples of 33 we have (33, 66, 99, 132, 165, 198, 231, 264, 297, 330, 363,
396, 429, 462, 495) we can stop here because the next factor of 33 is 528.
SITAMS
Page 38
Since we have the sum of multiples of 33 are 528, we will combine these multiples as to get their
sum as 528.
we get (33, 495) (66, 462) (99, 429) (132, 396) (165, 363) (198, 330)
(231,297)
But we have a condition that HCF of (x, y) = 33Eliminating the ones which does not satisfies
the condition we get (33, 495) (99, 429) (165, 363) (231, 297)
The number of pairs of numbers satisfying the above condition is 4 .
44.
.009
0 .1
?
a. .0009
b. 009
c. 9
d. 9

Let
.009
= 0.1
x
x=
.009
0 .1
x=
.009 10
x
0.1 10
x=
0.09
1
x = 0.09
45. Two numbers differ by 5. If their product is 336, then the sum of the two numbers is:
a. 21
b. 28
c. 37
d. 51
Basic Formula:
(x+y)2 = (x-y)2 + 4xy
SITAMS
Page 39

Given x-y = 5 and xy =336
We know that
(x+y)2 = (x-y)2 + 4xy
= 52 +4 (336)
= 25+1344
(x+y)2 = 1369
x+y = 37
46. 3 [1.6 {3.2 (3.2 + 2.25 X)}] = .65. The value of X is:
a. 0.3
b. 0.7
c. 3
d. 7

Given 3-[1.6-{3.2-(3.2+2.25 x)}] = 0.65
-[1.6-{3.2-(3.2+2.25 x)}] = 0.65-3
-1.6+{3.2-(3.2+2.25 x)} = 0.65-3
3.2- (3.2+2.25 x) = - 0.75
- 3.2-2.25 x = -0.75-3.2
-2.25 x = -0.75-3/2 + 3/2
-2.25 x = - 0.75
2.25
= -0.75
x
x =
SITAMS
2.25
0.75
Page 40
x = 3
x 441 0.02 , then the value of x is:
47. If
a. 0.1764
b. 1.764
c. 1.64
d. 2.64

x
441 = 0.02
x
= 0.02
441
Squaring on both sides
x
= (0.02)2
441
x
= 0.004
441
x = 0.004 x 441
x = 0.1764
48. In dividing a number by 585, a student employees the method of short division. He divided
the number successively by 5, 9 and 13 (factors of 585) and got the remainders 4, 8 and 12. If he
had divided the number by 585, the remainder would have been:
a. 24
Basic Formula:
b. 144
c. 292
d. 584
x
+(x-1) = x where (x-1) is remainder here.
x
Given a unknown number x when divided by 5,9,13. We get remainders 4, 8 &12 .
SITAMS
Page 41

(i.e.)
x
+4 = x
5
x = 5 & 4 = x-1 (remainder)
x
+8 = x x = 9 & 8 = x-1 (remainder)
9
x
+12 = x x =13 & 12 = x-1 (remainder)
13
IIIly
x
x
+(585-1) = x (i.e.)
+(x-1) = x x-1 = 584 (remainder)
585
585
The remainder would have been 584.
49. The least number which when divided by 5, 6, 7 and 8 leaves a remainder 3, but when
divided by 9 leaves no remainder, is:
a. 1677
b. 1683
c. 2523
d. 3363

336
5
1683
15
28
24
21
187
6 1683
7 1683
8 1683
9 1683
12
14
16
18
48
28
78
15
48
28
72
SITAMS
Page 42

33

3
30
63
63
Ans: L.C.M of 5,6,7,8 is 840

Let the required number be 840k+3,
Which is divisible by 9.
Least value of k for which (90k+4)
is divisible by 9 is k=2
840 x 2 +3 = 1680 +3
= 1683
50. The value of
0.125 0.027
is:
0.5 0.5 0.09 0.15
a. 0.08
b. 0.2
c. 0.8
d. 1
Basic Formula:
a 3 b3
(a b)(a 2 ab b 2 )
=
= a+b
a 2 ab b 2
a 2 ab b 2
(0.5)3 (0.3)3
0.125 0.027
=
(0.5) 2 0.5 x0.3 (0.3) 2
0.5 x0.5 0.09 0.15
SITAMS
(0.5 0.3)[(0.5) 2 0.5 x0.3 (0.3) 2 ]

(0.5) 2 0.5 x0.3 (0.3) 2
Page 43
= 0.5 + 0.3
= 0.8
51.Simplify:
To simplify a radical addition, I must first see if I can simplify each radical term. In this
particular case, the square roots simplify "completely" (that is, down to whole numbers):
52.Simplify:
I have three copies of the radical, plus another two copies, giving me Wait a minute! I can
simplify those radicals right down to whole numbers:
Don't worry if you don't see a simplification right away. If I hadn't noticed until the end that the
radical simplified, my steps would have been different, but my final answer would have been the
same:
53.Simplify:
I can only combine the "like" radicals, so I'll end up with two terms in my answer:
There is not, to my knowledge, any preferred ordering of terms in this sort of expression, so the
expression
54.Simplify:
should also be an acceptable answer.

I can simplify the radical in the first term, and this will create "like" terms:
55.Simplify:
SITAMS
Page 44
I can simplify most of the radicals, and this will allow for at least a little simplification:
56.Simplify:
These two terms have "unlike" radical parts, and I can't take anything out of either radical. Then
I can't simplify the expression
any further and my answer has to be:
(expression is already fully simplified)

57.Expand:
To expand (that is, to multiply out and simplify) this expression, I first need to take the square
root of two through the parentheses:
As you can see, the simplification involved turning a product of radicals into one radical
containing the value of the product (being 23 = 6). You should expect to need to manipulate
radical products in both "directions".
58.Expand:
59.Expand:
SITAMS
Page 45
It will probably be simpler to do this multiplication "vertically".
Simplifying gives me:

By doing the multiplication vertically, I could better keep track of my steps. You should use
whatever multiplication method works best for you.
60.Simplify
I do the multiplication:
Then I complete the calculations by simplifying:
61.Simplify:
I do the multiplication:
SITAMS
Page 46
Then I simplify:
Note in the last example above how I ended up with all whole numbers. (Okay, technically
they're integers, but the point is that the terms do not include any radicals.) I multiplied two
radical "binomials" together and got an answer that contained no radicals. You may also have
noticed that the two "binomials" were the same except for the sign in the middle: one had a
"plus" and the other had a "minus". This pair of factors, with the second factor differing only in
the one sign in the middle, is very important; in fact, this "same except for the sign in the
middle" second factor has its own name:
Given the radical expression
, the "conjugate" is the expression
The conjugate (KAHN-juh-ghitt) has the same numbers but the opposite sign in the middle. So
not only is
the conjugate of
, but
is the conjugate of
When you multiply conjugates, y

We will see shortly why this matters. To get to that point, let's take a look at fractions containing
radicals in their denominators.
.
62.Simplify:
I can simplify this by working inside, and then taking the square root:
...or else by splitting the division into two radicals, simplifying, and cancelling:
SITAMS
Page 47
63.Simplify:
64.Simplify:
This looks very similar to the previous exercise, but this is the "wrong" answer. Why? Because
the denominator contains a radical. The denominator must contain no radicals, or else it's
"wrong". (Why "wrong" in quotes? Because this issue may matter to your instructor right now,
but it probably won't later on. It's like when you were in elementary school and improper
fractions were "wrong" and you had to convert everything to mixed numbers instead. But now
that you're in algebra, improper fractions are fine, even preferred. Once you get to calculus or
beyond, they won't be so uptight about where the radicals are.)
To get the "right" answer, I must "rationalize" the denominator. That is, I must find some way to
convert the fraction into a form where the denominator has only "rational" (fractional or whole
number) values. But what can I do with that radical-three? I can't take the 3 out, because I don't
have a pair of threes.
Thinking back to those elementary-school fractions, you couldn't add them unless they had the
same denominators. To create these "common" denominators, you would multiply, top and
bottom, by whatever the denominator needed. Anything divided by itself is just 1, and
multiplying by 1 doesn't change the value of whatever you're multiplying by the 1. But
multiplying that "whatever" by a strategic form of 1 could make the necessary computations
possible, such as:
We can use the same technique to rationalize radical denominators.

I could take a 3 out of the denominator if I had two factors of 3 inside the radical. I can create
this pair of 3's by multiplying by another copy of root-three. If I multiply top and bottom by rootSITAMS
Page 48
three, then I will have multiplied the fraction by a strategic form of 1. I won't have changed the
value, but simplification will now be possible:
This last form, "five, root-three, divided by three", is the "right" answer they're looking for.
65.Simplify:
Don't stop once you've rationalized the denominator. As the above demonstrates, you should
always check to see if something remains to be simplified.
66.Simplify:
This expression is in the "wrong" form, due to the radical in the denominator. But if I try to
multiply through by root-two, I won't get anything useful:
Multiplying through by another copy of the whole denominator won't help, either:
But look what happens when I multiply by the same numbers, but with the opposite sign in the
middle: Copyright Elizabeth Stapel 1999-2011 All Rights Reserved
SITAMS
Page 49
This multiplication made the radical terms cancel out, which is exactly what I want. This "same
numbers but the opposite sign in the middle" thing is the "conjugate" of the original expression.
By using the conjugate, I can do the necessary rationalization.
Do not try to reach inside the numerator and rip out the 6 for "cancellation". The only thing that
factors out of the numerator is a 3, but that won't cancel with the 2 in the denominator. Nothing
cancels!
67.Simplify:
I'll multiply by the conjugate in order to "simplify" this expression. The denominator's
multiplication results in a whole number (okay, a negative, but the point is that there aren't any
radicals):
The numerator's multiplication looks like this:
SITAMS
Page 50
Then the simplified (rationalized) form is:
It can be helpful to do the multiplications separately, as shown above. Don't try to do too much at
once, and make sure to check for any simplifications when you're done with the rationalization
Operations with cube roots, fourth roots, and other higher-index roots work similarly to square
roots.
Simplifying Higher-Index Terms
68.Simplify
Just as I can pull from a square (or second) root anything that I have two copies of, so also I can
pull from a fourth root anything I've got four of:
If you have a cube root, you can take out any factor that occurs in threes; in a fourth root, take
out any factor that occurs in fours; in a fifth root, take out any factor that occurs in fives; etc.
69.Simplify the cube root:
70.Simplify the cube root:
71.Simplify:
72.Simplify:
SITAMS
Page 51
73.Simplify:
Multiplying Higher-Index Roots

74.Simplify:
75.Simplify:
Adding Higher-Index Roots

76.Simplify:
77.Simplify:
Dividing Higher-Index Roots
78.Simplify:
79.Simplify:
SITAMS
Page 52
I can't simplify this expression properly, because I can't simplify the radical in the denominator
down to whole numbers:
To rationalize a denominator containing a square root, I needed two copies of whatever factors
were inside the radical. For a cube root, I'll need three copies. So that's what I'll multiply onto
this fraction:
80.Simplify:
Since 72 = 8 9 = 2 2 2 3 3, I won't have enough of any of the denominator's factors to
get rid of the radical. To simplify a fourth root, I would need four copies of each factor. For this
denominator's radical, I'll need two more 3s and one more 2:
A Special Case of Rationalizing

If your class has covered the formulas for factoring the sums and differences of cubes, then you
might encounter a special case of rationalizing denominators. The reasoning and methodology
are similar to the "difference of squares" conjugate process for square roots.
81.Simplify:
I would like to get rid of the cube root, but multiplying by the conjugate won't help much:
SITAMS
Page 53
But I can "create" a sum of cubes, just as using the conjugate allowed me to create a difference
of squares earlier. Using the fact that a3 + b3 = (a + b)(a2 ab + b2), and letting a = 1 and b equal
the cube root of 4, I get:
If I multiply, top and bottom, by the second factor in the sum-of-cubes formula, then the
denominator will simplify with no radicals:
Naturally, if the sign in the middle of the original denominator had been a "minus", I'd have
applied the "difference of cubes" formula to do the rationalization. This sort of "rationalize the
denominator" exercise almost never comes up. But if you see this in your homework, expect one
of these on your next test.
Radicals Expressed With Exponents

Radicals can be expressed as fractional exponents. Whatever is the index of the radical becomes
the denominator of the fractional power. For instance:
The second root became a one-half power. A cube root would be a one-third power, a fourth root
would be a one-fourth power, and so forth.This conversion process will matter a lot more once
you get to calculus. For now, it allows you to simplify some expressions that you might
otherwise not have been able to. Copyright Elizabeth Stapel 1999-2011 All Rights Reserved
82.Express
as a single radical term.
I will convert the radicals to exponential expressions, and then apply exponent rules to combine
the factors:
SITAMS
Page 54
83.Simplify:
A Few Other Considerations

Usually, we cannot have a negative inside a square root. (The exception is for "imaginary"
numbers. If you haven't done the number "i" yet, then you haven't done imaginaries.) So, for
instance,
is not possible. Do not try to say something like "
", because it's not true:
. You must have a positive inside the square root. This can be important for
defining and graphing functions.
84.Find the domain of the following:
The fact that I have the expression x 2 inside a square root requires that x 2 be zero or greater,
so I must have x 2 > 0. Solving, I get:
domain: x > 2
On the other hand, you CAN have a negative inside a cube root (or any other odd root). For
instance:
...because (2)3 = 8.
85.Find the domain of the following:
For
, there is NO RESTRICTION on the value of x, because x 2 is welcome to be
negative inside a cube root. Then the domain is:
domain: all x
SITAMS
Page 55
QUESTION BANK PROBLEMS:

I. Among the two numbers, the bigger number is greater than the smaller number by 6
II. 40% of the smaller number is equal to 30% of the bigger number
III. The ratio between half of the bigger number and one-third of the smaller number is 2 : 1
a. I and II only
b. II and III only
c. All I, II and III
d. None of these
2. The taxi charges in a city comprise of a fixed charge, together with the charge of the distance
covered. For a journey of 16 km, the charges paid are Rs.156 and for a journey of 24 km, the
charges paid are Rs.204. What will a person have to pay for traveling a distance of 30 km?
a. Rs.236
3. 3 4
b. Rs.240
c. Rs.248
d. Rs.252
12
?
125
a. 1
2
5
b. 1
3
5
c. 1
4
5
d. 2
2
5
4. A number when divided by 114 leaves the remainder 21. If the same number is divided by 19,
then the remainder will be:
a. 1
b. 2
c. 7
d. 21
5. The least multiple of 7, which leaves a remainder of 4, when divided by 6, 9, 15 and 18 is:
a. 74
6. The value of
a. 0
SITAMS
b. 94
c. 184
d. 364
c. 2
d. 3.4
2.33 .027
is:
2.3 2 .69 .09
b. 1.6
Page 56
7. What is the two-digit number?

I. Sum of the digits is 7.
II. Difference between the number and the number obtained by interchanging the digits is 9.
III. Digit in the tens place is bigger than the digit in the units place by 1.
a. I & II only
b. II & III only
c. All I, II & III
d. None of these
8. In and examination, a student scores 4 marks for every correct answer and loses 1 mark for
every wrong answer. If he attempts in all 60 questions and secures 130 marks, the number of
questions he attempts correctly, is:
a. 35
9.
b. 38
3 6
5 3 2 12 32 50
a. 3
c. 40
d. 42
b. 3 2
c. 6
d. None of these
10. On dividing a number by 999, the quotient is 366 and the remainder is 103. The number is:
a. 364724
b. 365387
c. 365737
d. 366757
11. The smallest number which when diminished by 7, is divisible by 12, 16, 18, 21 and 28 is:
a. 1008
b. 1015
c. 1022
d. 1032
c. 80
d. 100
12. (7.5 7.5 37.5 2.5 2.5) is equal to:

a. 30
b. 60
13. 54 is to be divided into two parts such that the sum of 10 times the first and 22 times the
second is 780. The bigger part is:
a. 24
SITAMS
b. 34
c. 30
d. 32
Page 57
14. A fires 5 shots to Bs 3 but A kills only once in 3 shots while B kills once in 2 shots. When B
has missed 27 times, A has killed:
a. 30 birds
b. 60 birds
c. 72 birds
d. 90 birds
15. The greatest four-digit perfect square number is:

a. 9000
b. 9801
c. 9900
d. 9981
16. What least number must be subtracted from 427398 so that the remaining number is divisible
by 15?
a. 3
b. 6
c. 11
d. 16
17. The greatest number of hour digits which is divisible by 15, 25, 40 and 75 is:
a. 1008
18.
b. 1015
36.542 3.462
?
a. 3.308
c. 1022
d. 1032
40
b. 4
c. 33.08
d. 330.8
19. The denominator of a fraction is 3 more than the numerator. If the numerator as well as the
denominator is increased by 4, the fraction becomes
a.
8
11
20. A boy read
b.
5
8
c.
4
. What was the original fraction?
5
10
13
d.
7
10
3
4
th of a book on one day and th of the remainder on another day. If there
8
5
were 30 pages unread, how many pages did the book contain?
a. 240
b. 300
c. 600
d. None of these
21. The least number by which 1470 must be divided to get a number which is a perfect square,
is:
SITAMS
Page 58

a. 5
b. 6
c. 15
d. 30
22. If x and y are positive integers such that (3x+7y) is a multiple of 11, then which of the
following will also be divisible by 11?
a. 4x + 6y
b. x + y + 4
c. 9x + 4y
d. 4x 9y
23. Which of the following fraction is the largest?

a.
7
8
b.
13
16
c.
31
40
d.
63
80
24. The value of (4.7 13.26 + 4.7 9.43 + 4.7 7731) is:
a. 0.47
b. 47
c. 470
d. 4700
25. The denominator of a fraction is 3 more than the numerator. If the numerator as well as the
denominator is increased by 4, the fraction becomes
a.
8
11
b.
5
8
4
. What was the original fraction?
5
c.
10
13
d.
7
10
2
26. A sum of Rs.1360 has been divided among A B and C such that A gets
of what B gets and
3
1
B gets
of what C gets. Bs share is:
4
a. Rs.120
b. Rs.160
c. Rs.240
d. Rs.300
27. if
5 = 2.236, then the value of
a. 5.59
5 10
125 is equal to :
2
5
b. 7.826
c. 98.994
d. 10.062
28. The sum of three consecutive odd numbers is always divisible by:
I. 2
a. Only I
SITAMS
II. 3
b. Only II
III. 5
IV. 6
c. III. Only I & II
d. Only II and IV
Page 59
29. A rectangular courtyard 3.78 metres long and 5.25 metres wide is to be paved exactly with
square tiles, all of the same size. What is the largest size of the tile which could be used for the
purpose?
a. 14 cms
30.
b. 21 cms
c. 42 cms
d. None of these
0.0203 2.92
?
0.0073 14.5 0.7
a. 0.8
b. 1.45
c. 2.40
d. 3.25
31. The different between a tow-digit number and the number obtained by interchanging the
digits is 36. What is the difference between the sum and the difference of the digits of the
number if the ratio between the digits of the number is 1 : 2 ?
a. 4
b. 8
c. 16
d. 18
32. A person travels 3.5 km form place A to place B. Out of this distance, he travels 1
2
km on
3
1
km on scooter and the rest on foot. What portion of the whole distance does he
6
cover on foot?
bicycle, 1
a.
3
19
33. The value of
b.
1 0.01
1 0.1
a. 0.6
4
11
c.
4
21
d.
5
6
is close to:
b. 1.1
c. 1.6
d. 1.7
34. The digits indicated * and $ in 3422213*$ so that this number is divisible by 99, are
respectively:
a. 1, 9
b. 3, 7
c. 4, 6
d. 5, 5
35. The greatest possible length which can be used to measure exactly the lengths 7 m, 3 m 85
cm, 12 m 95 cm is :
SITAMS
Page 60

a. 15 cm
b. 25 cm
c. 35 cm
d. 42 cm
yx
is:
36. If 1.5 x = 0.04y, then the value of
y x
a.
730
77
b.
73
77
c.
7 .3
77
d. None of these
37. The difference between a two-digit number and the number obtained by interchanging the
two digits is 63. Which is the smaller of the two numbers?
a. 29
b. 70
c. 92
d. None of these
38. A pineapple costs Rs.7 each. A watermelon costs Rs.5 each. X spends Rs.38 on these fruits.
The number f pineapples and purchased is:
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5
39. Which one of the following numbers has rational square root?
a. 0.4
b. 0.09
c. 0.9
d. 0.025
Ans is 0.09
40. Which of the following numbers is divisible by 3, 7, 9 and 11?
a. 639
b. 2079
c. 3791
d. 37911
41. About the number of pairs which have 16 as their H.C.F. and 136 as their L.C.M., we can
definitely say that:
42.
a. No such pair exists
b. Only one such pair exists
c. Only two such pairs exist
d. Many such pairs exist
96.54 89.63 965.4 896.3
?
96.54 89.63 9.654 8.963
a. 10-2
SITAMS
b. 10-1
c. 10
d. None of these
Page 61
43. The sum of the digits of a two-digit number is 15 and the difference between the digits is 3.
What is the two-digit number?
a. 69
b. 78
c. 96
d. 87
44. Income of a company doubles after every one year. If the initial income was Rs.4 lakhs,
what would be the income after 5 years?
a. Rs.1.24 crores
b. Rs.1.28 crores
45. If a = 0.1039, then the value of

a. 0.1039
c. Rs.2.56 crores
d. None of these
4a 2 4a 1 3a is:
b. 0.2078
c. 1.1039
d. 2.1039
46. What least value must be assigned to * so that the number 63576*2 is divisible by 8?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
47. The product of two numbers is 1320 and their H.C.F. is 6. The L.C.M. of the numbers is:
a. 220
b. 1314
c. 1326
d. 7920
48. If 213 16 = 3408, then the 1.6 21.3 is equal to:

a. 0.3408
b. 3.408
c. 34.08
d. 340.8
49. The sum of the squares of three consecutive natural numbers is 2030. What is the middle
number?
a. 25
b. 26
c. 27
d. 28
50. How many times are the hands of a clock at right angel in a day?
a. 22
SITAMS
b. 44
c. 24
d. 48
Page 62

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Reasoning and Quantitative aptitude

Simplification & Roots

Thus, |5| = 5 and |-5| = -(-5) = 5.

Reasoning and Quantitative aptitude

Simplification & Roots

" would be technically correct, I've

a cube (third) root is written as

a fifth root is written as:

Reasoning and Quantitative aptitude

Simplification & Roots

Reasoning and Quantitative aptitude

Simplification & Roots

SOLVED PROBLEMS ON SIMPLIFICATION:

Reasoning and Quantitative aptitude

Simplification & Roots

Hence, the cost of 12 chairs and 3 tables = 12x + 3y

4.If a - b = 3 and a2 + b2 = 29, find the value of ab.

Reasoning and Quantitative aptitude

Simplification & Roots

Reasoning and Quantitative aptitude

Simplification & Roots

Answer & Explanation

Reasoning and Quantitative aptitude

Simplification & Roots

Answer & Explanation

Reasoning and Quantitative aptitude

Simplification & Roots

Reasoning and Quantitative aptitude

Simplification & Roots

Answer & Explanation

Reasoning and Quantitative aptitude

Simplification & Roots

So, their paths cross at (11 +19) i.e., 30th floor.

SOLVED PROBLEMS ON ROOTS:

Reasoning and Quantitative aptitude

Simplification & Roots

The square root of 144 is 12.

" non-standard, it is very hard to read, especially when hand-

written. And write neatly, because "

" is not the same as "

Reasoning and Quantitative aptitude

Simplification & Roots

Multiplying Square Roots

Reasoning and Quantitative aptitude

Simplification & Roots

Copyright Elizabeth Stapel 1999-2011 All Rights Reserved

11.Simplify by writing with no more than one radical:

12.Simplify by writing with no more than one radical:

Reasoning and Quantitative aptitude

Simplification & Roots

EXERCISEPROBLEMS WITH SOLOUTION:

Answer with Explanation:

The greatest five digit number

Reasoning and Quantitative aptitude

Simplification & Roots

six digit number and the greatest

2. Which of the following has most number of divisors?

Answer with Explanation:

Answer with Explanation:

Therefore For (a) we have

For (b) we have

For (c) we have

3024 3024 3024 3024 3024

The fractions are in ascending order.