Protection against

unintended car movement

EN 81-1/2:1998 + A3:2009

Mr. Robert Kaspersma

Mr. Robert Kaspersma

Liftinstituut in general
Established in 1933. Implies over 75 years

of experience
Head-office Amsterdam/Netherlands based
with several regional offices elsewhere in
the Netherlands
Office in Istanbul/Turkey
App. 170 employees of which 125
inspectors
Close co-operation with leading universities, a.o. Delft University of Technology

Liftinstituut in general
First European institution to be appointed
as Notified Body with regard to Lift Directive
95/16/EC
In March 2009 Liftinstituut was appointed as
AECO (Acreditated Elevator/Escalator
Certification Organization) by ANSI!
Active participation in meetings of Notified
Bodies
Involved in many normalization committees
for codes and standards in Europe / North
America / ISO

EN 81-1/2:1998 + A3:2009
Valid from 1-1-2010
Main items:
1. restriction of scope (0.15 m/s)
2. fixing systems of removable guards
3. protection against unintended
movements
4. levelling and re-levelling accuracy
CEN declares items 3 and 4 are not related
to the new Machinery Directive.
Therefore transition period of 24 months for
items 3 and 4 (comply fully 31-12-2011)

Restriction of scope
The MD (2006/42/EC) includes some
changes for LD (95/16/EC):

Border between lifts and machines is more

clear:

Clause 1.3 g EN 81-1 (1.3 h EN 81-2)

Lifts which have a speed of less than 0.15 m/s
are excluded.

Fixing systems of removable

guards
The MD (2006/42/EC) includes some
changes which have effect on lifts:
Clause 0.3.19 EN 81-1/2
The fixing system of guards, used specifically to
provide protection against mechanical, electrical
or any other hazards by means of a physical
barrier, which have to be removed during regular
maintenance and inspection, remains attached to
the guard or to the equipment when the guard is
removed.

Levelling and re-levelling

accuracy
Clause 12.12 EN 81-1 (clause 12.15 EN 81-2)
The stopping accuracy of the car shall be 10
mm;

A levelling accuracy of 20 mm shall be

maintained. If, during e.g. loading and unloading
phases, the value of 20 mm is exceeded, it shall
be corrected.

Protection against
unintended car movement
Clause 9.11 EN 81-1 (clause 9.13 EN 81-2)
Means shall stop unintended car movement away
from the landing with the landing door not in the
locked position and the car door not in the closed
position.

Protection against
unintended car movement
Is a result of failure in any single component
of the lift machine or drive control system
upon which the safe movement of the car
depends.

Excluded are failure of the suspension ropes

or chains and the traction sheave or drum or
sprockets of the machine. (loss of traction)

Maximum stopping distances

System description

Detector

Microprocessor

Stopping
element

Detectors
The unintended movement of the car shall
be detected by at least one switching
device at latest when the car leaves the
unlocking zone (7.7.1).
be a safety contact in conformity with
14.1.2.2
be connected in such a way as to satisfy
the requirements for safety circuits in
14.1.2.3 (Fault tree) or 14.1.2.6(PESSRAL).

Stopping element
The stopping element of the means shall act:

on the car, or
on the counterweight, or
on the rope system (suspension or
compensating), or
on the traction sheave (e.g. on the
sheave directly or on the same shaft in
the immediate vicinity of the sheave).

Stopping element
Maximum retardation of the car with
any load in the car, up to 100 % of rated
load:

1 gn for unintended movements in

up direction,
the values accepted for safety
gears in down direction.

Stopping element
1 gn for unintended movements in
up direction :
the deceleration values should be verified
or calculated taking into account an empty
car and a fully loaded car.

Stopping element
The values accepted for safety
gears in down direction:
This means that higher deceleration
values than 1 gn are allowed.
f.e. Instantaneous safety gears or
progressive safety gears at a lower
speed or loads

Stopping element
Possible elements:
Normal brake
Traction sheave brake
Rope gripper
Overspeed governor
Safety gear
Safety valve

Certification

Typical sequence
1. Car is not at the level and starts to relevel.
2. Car accelerates and passes allowed
levelling zone.
3. Power is removed from motor/brake
and UCM is activated.
4. UCM means is stopping the car.

Response time

Response time

The maximum speed is depending on:

System setup (weights, sheaves, travel)
Drive system (power, detection)
Response time [detection(3), stopping
element (4)]

Questions to ask
1.
2.
3.
4.

What is the levelling zone?

What is the delay of electrical system?
What speed can the drive accomplish?
What is the natural acceleration?
CWT mass, Car mass, Nominal load
Rule of thumb:
Empty: gn = g x ((CWTm Carm) / (CWTm + Carm ))
Full: gn = g x ((CWTm Carm) / (CWTm + Carm + Q))

Questions to ask
5. What is the delay of stopping element?
6. What is stopping force?
7. Is the final result within the limits

(EC)Type examination
Type examination for A3
component
A3 certification can be part of EC
type examination component, only
one certificate and report required.

Examples
Overspeed governor
Delay in electrical activation (ms)
Delay in activating stopping element
(cm)
Reliability of acting components (tests)

Examples
Safety gear
Delay in mechanical activation (cm)
Minimum activation speed (0 m/s)
Maximum activation speed
Durability 20 tests with maximum
activating speed
Braking force (car must stop also
upwards)

Examples
Rope gripper
Delay in electrical activation (ms)
Minimum activation speed (0 m/s)
Maximum activation speed
Durability 20 tests with maximum
activating speed
Braking force (car must stop also
upwards)

Examples
Machine Brake
Not used for normal stopping
Check on correct functioning
Contacts (movement of brake claws)
Torque check
Delay in electrical activation (ms)
Braking force / Traction!

Hydraulics
EXAMPLE
Second lowering valve on cylinder
Independently opened
Valves need to be checked on
correct function(self-monitoring).

Certificate information
Certificate for the complete UCM-Protection
system
type and application of the unintended car
movement protection system;
the limits of the key parameters (as agreed
between laboratory and manufacturer);
the test-speed with relevant parameters for
Final Inspection use;
the type of parts on which the stopping
elements act;
the combination of detecting device and
stopping system of the means.

Certificate information
Certificate for the detector as part of the UCMProtection system

type and application of the detector as part of the UCMProtection system;

the limits of the key parameters (as agreed between laboratory
and manufacturer);
depending on the working principle of the detecting device:
the maximum applicable parameters before activating the
braking system; e.g.
limit values of distances / detection time / speeds /
accelerations etc.
delay time
the combination of detecting device and the intended
stopping system of the means.

Certificate information
Certificate for the stopping system as part of
the UCM-Protection system

type and application of the stopping system as part of the UCM-Protection

system;
the limits of the key parameters (as agreed between laboratory and
manufacturer);
the test-speed with relevant parameters for Final Inspection use;
depending on the working principle of the stopping system:
the maximum applicable parameters of the stopping system; e.g.
min. / max. breaking force / torque
distances from begin of activation until reaching min. / max. breaking force /
torque
stopping distances (movement of the car with engaged stopping elements) in
conjunction with wear and tear
maximum permissible speed before deceleration occurs
delay time
the type of parts on which the stopping elements act;
the combination of detecting device and stopping system of the means.

Performed
certifications

Performed certifications
Complete systems:
Mitsubishi, Schindler:
detection means and machine brake including
application range

Parts:
Bode:
overspeed governors
rope gripper

Cobianchi: safety gears

Hollister & Whitney: rope gripper

Thank you for your

attention and visit us at
www.liftinstituut.nl!