TH E

H EFFER N A N
G R O U P

MATHS METHODS 3 & 4

TRIAL EXAMINATION 1
SOLUTIONS
2009

P .O . B o x 1 1 8 0
S u r r e y H ills N o r t h V I C 3 1 2 7
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Question 1
f : R R, f x x 1
g : (0, ) R, g ( x ) log e ( 2 x )

f (g( x)) f (log e (2x))

log e (2x) 1

a.

b.

(1 mark)

g( f ( x))existsiffrf d g .
Now rf Randd g (0,)
Since R (0, ), g ( f ( x )) does not exist.
(1 mark)

Question 2
a.

f ( x) x log e ( x 2 5)
f ' ( x) x

log e ( x 2 5)

x 5
2x 2
2
log e ( x 2 5)
x 5

b.

tan( x)
e 2x
dy e 2x sec 2 ( x) 2e 2x tan( x)

dx
e4 x

(1 mark) use of product rule

(1 mark) correct derivative

When

2x
2

x 0,

dy e 0 sec 2 (0) 2e 0 tan(0)

dx
e0
1
1
2 1 0
2
cos
(0)

1
1

(1 mark) use of quotient rule

(1 mark) substituting x = 0

(1 mark) correct answer

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THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2009

Maths Methods 3 & 4 Trial Exam 1 solutions

2
Question 3
3 tan( 2 x) 1
tan( 2 x)

1
3

0 x 2

0 2 x 4

7 13 19
,
,
,
6 6
6
6
7 13 19
x
,
,
,
12 12 12 12

2x

12
(1 mark) for remaining 3 correct answers
(1 mark) for

Question 4
a.

i.

Method 1 using a probability table or Karnaugh map.

This is what is given.
A
B

This is what we can work out.

0.15

0.4

B
0.3

Pr( A 'B ' ) 0 45

0.15

0.25

0.4

0.15

0.45

0.6

0.3

0.7

1
(1 mark)

Method 2 using a Venn Diagram

B
A

0 .2 5
0 .1 5

0 .1 5
0 .4 5
Pr( A 'B ' ) 0 45

(1 mark)

Method 3 using Addition rule

Pr( A B ) Pr( A) Pr( B ) Pr( A B )
0.3 0.4 0.15
0.55
Pr( A' B ' ) Pr( A B )'
1 Pr A B )
1 0.55
0.45

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2009

(1 mark)

Maths Methods 3 & 4 Trial Exam 1 solutions

3
ii.

Pr( A B )
Pr( B )
0.15

0 .4
3

Pr( A B )

b.

(1 mark)

If A and B are mutually exclusive then

mark)

Pr( A B ) 0 so Pr( A B ) 0 .

(1

Question 5

a.

y f (x)
5

(3 , 4 )

(1 mark) correct shape including cusps at x 1andx 5

(1 mark) correct labelling of intercepts and turning point
b.
c.

d f ' R \ 1, 5

(1 mark)

f ' ( x ) 0 for x (1, 3) (5, )

(1 mark)

Question 6
2

a.

Pr( X 2)

2
1

1
x

dx

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2009

(1 mark)

Maths Methods 3 & 4 Trial Exam 1 solutions

1
x 2 dx
21

1
2x 2
2

1
2 2 2 1
2
2 1

2 1

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2009

(1 mark)

Maths Methods 3 & 4 Trial Exam 1 solutions

5
b.

xf ( x)dx

x 2

1
x

1
2

x 2 dx

(1 mark)

dx

1 2x
2 3

3
2

1
x
3

3
2

3
(4 2

1
3

1
12 )
3
1
( 2 3 1)
3
1
(8 1)
3
7

(1 mark)
Question 7
a.

From the diagram,

1
Pr( X 20)
2
1
Pr(Z 0)
2
m 0

X
Z

5
-3

10
-2

15
-1

20
0

25
1

30
2

35
3

(1 mark)

b.

Pr( X 18) Pr(Z n)

Again from the diagram,

Pr( X 18) Pr(X 22) by symmetry

x

22 20
z
5
04
So n 0 4

(1 mark)

Since z

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2009

(1 mark)

Maths Methods 3 & 4 Trial Exam 1 solutions

6
Question 8
y

a.

y h(x)
y 1

1
2

x 2

(1 mark) correct shape of graph

(1 mark) correct asymptotes
b.

1
1
x 2
1
1
Let y
x 2
Swap x and y for inverse
h( x)

1
1
y 2

Rearrange
1
y 2
( x 1)(y 2) 1
1
y 2
x 1
1
y
2
x 1
x 1

So h 1 ( x)

1
2
x 1

rh (1, )
So d h 1 rh (1, )

(1 mark) correct rule

(from graph)
(1 mark) correct domain

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2009

Maths Methods 3 & 4 Trial Exam 1 solutions

7
Question 9
a.

2
x
2x 1

dy
2x 2
dx
2
2
x
Whenx 2
dy 2

dx 4
1

The gradient of the tangent to f at x 2is

Therefore the gradient of the normal to f at

1
.
2

x 2 is 2.

(1 mark)

2
1

The equation of the normal through ( 2, 1) with gradient of 2 is

Alsof (2)

y 1 2( x 2)
y 2x 3

b.

The normal crosses the x-axis when y 0 .

y 2x 3

(1 mark)
y

0 2x 3
x

3
2

(1 mark)
y f (x)

Method 1
2

Area (2 x 3)dx
3
2

[ x 2 3 x]

2
3
2

9 9
(4 6)
4 2

9
2
4
8 9

4 4
1
units 2
4
(1 mark)

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2009

3
2

Method 2
1
Area base height
2
1
3
( 2 ) f ( 2)
2
2
1 1
1
2 2
1
units 2
4

(1 mark)

Maths Methods 3 & 4 Trial Exam 1 solutions

8
Question 10
Method 1
Given f ( x) x 1 x and f ' ( x)

1
2

2 1 x

1 x

1 x dx x 1 x c
2 1 x

x
dx
1 x dx x 1 x c
1 x
1
x

dx x 1 x
1 x dx c
2
1 x
x

Therefore
so

(1 mark)

x
1 x

dx 2 1 x 2 dx 2x 1 x 2c

3
2

(1

3
x) 2

2 x 1 x 2c

4
(1 x ) 3 2 x 1 x
3
3

where c 0 for an antiderivative

4
(1 x) 2 2 x (1 x ) 2
3
(1 mark) correct antiderivative of
or

Method 2
Given f ( x) x 1 x and f ' ( x)
So,

x
2 1 x
x

x
2 1 x

1 x

(1 mark) correct answer

1 x

1 x f ' ( x)

2 1 x 2 f ' ( x)
1 x
x
dx 2
1 x dx 2
1 x

1
3
1
2

(1

3
x) 2

(1 mark)

' ( x )dx

2 x 1 x c

4
(1 x) 3 2 x 1 x
3

or

4
(1 x) 2 2 x(1 x) 2
3

where c 0 for an antiderivative

(1 mark) correct antiderivative of

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2009

1 x

(1 mark) correct answer

Maths Methods 3 & 4 Trial Exam 1 solutions

9
Question 11
a.

b.

1
2x
2
So100 2x 2y x
2y 100 2x x
2y 100 x( 2)
100 x( 2)
y
2

(1 mark)

Perimeter 2 x 2 y

1
x 2
2
(100 x( 2)) x 2
2x

2
2
2
x
100 x x 2 ( 2)
2

x2
100 x x 2 2 x 2
2
2
x
100 x
2x 2
2
x2
A 100 x 4
2

(1 mark)

Surface area 2 xy

So

from part a.

(1 mark)
c.

d.

x
4
2
dA
0.
Max/min occur when
dx
dA
100 x( 4) 0
dx
100 x( 4)
100
x
m
4
A 100 x

(1 mark)

(1 mark)
Method 1 using part b.
x2
4
A 100 x
2
This is the equation of an inverted parabola which has a local maximum and hence
there will be a maximum rather than a minimum value to be found.
(1 mark) for reference to inverted parabola
Method 2 using a sign diagram
100
x
14.0...
4
20
10
100
dA
28.5... 0 .
At x 10,
dx
4
dA
42.8... 0
At x 20,
dx
From the sign diagram we see that we have a maximum surface area.
(1 mark)
Total 40 marks

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2009

Maths Methods 3 & 4 Trial Exam 1 solutions