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Cameroon
HDI values and rank changes in the 2014 Human Development Report
Introduction
The 2014 Human Development Report (HDR) presents the 2014 Human Development Index (HDI)
(values and ranks) for 187 countries and UN-recognized territories, along with the Inequality-adjusted HDI
for 145 countries, the Gender Development Index for 148 countries, the Gender Inequality Index for 149
countries, and the Multidimensional Poverty Index for 91 countries. Country rankings and values of the
annual Human Development Index (HDI) are kept under strict embargo until the global launch and
worldwide electronic release of the Human Development Report.
It is misleading to compare values and rankings with those of previously published reports, because of
revisions and updates of the underlying data and adjustments to goalposts. Readers are advised to
assess progress in HDI values by referring to table 2 (Human Development Index Trends) in the
Statistical Annex of the report. Table 2 is based on consistent indicators, methodology and time-series
data and thus shows real changes in values and ranks over time, reflecting the actual progress countries
have made. Small changes in values should be interpreted with caution as they may not be statistically
significant due to sampling variation. Generally speaking, changes at the level of the third decimal place
in any of the composite indices are considered insignificant.
Unless otherwise specified in the source, tables use data available to the HDRO as of 15 November
2013. All indices and indicators, along with technical notes on the calculation of composite indices, and
additional source information are available online at http://hdr.undp.org/en/data
For further details on how each index is calculated please refer to Technical Notes 1-5 and the associated
background papers available on the Human Development Report website: http://hdr.undp.org/en/data
Organization Institute for Statistics and the World Bank. As stated in the introduction, the HDI values and
ranks in this years report are not comparable to those in past reports (including the 2013 HDR) because
of a number of revisions to the component indicators. To allow for assessment of progress in HDIs, the
2014 report includes recalculated HDIs from 1980 to 2013.
Life expectancy
at birth
51.2
52.9
53.6
53.2
52.0
51.9
53.7
54.2
54.6
55.1
Expected years
of schooling
7.0
7.5
8.0
7.5
7.1
8.2
10.2
10.4
10.4
10.4
Mean years of
schooling
2.1
2.8
3.4
4.1
4.8
5.4
5.9
5.9
5.9
5.9
HDI value
0.391
0.422
0.440
0.429
0.433
0.457
0.493
0.498
0.501
0.504
Figure 1 below shows the contribution of each component index to Cameroons HDI since 1980.
Figure 1: Trends in Cameroons HDI component indices 1980-2013
Cameroons 2013 HDI of 0.504 is above the average of 0.493 for countries in the low human
development group and above the average of 0.502 for countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. From SubSaharan Africa, countries which are close to Cameroon in 2013 HDI rank and to some extent in
population size are Ghana and Madagascar, which have HDIs ranked 138 and 155 respectively (see
table B).
Table B: Cameroons HDI indicators for 2013 relative to selected countries and groups
Cameroon
Ghana
Madagascar
Sub-Saharan Africa
Low HDI
HDI value
HDI rank
0.504
0.573
0.498
0.502
0.493
152
138
155
Life
expectancy
at birth
55.1
61.1
64.7
56.8
59.4
Expected
years of
schooling
10.4
11.5
10.3
9.7
9.0
Mean years
of schooling
5.9
7.0
5.2
4.8
4.2
GNI per
capita
(PPP US$)
2,557
3,532
1,333
3,152
2,904
increases. We also present the coefficient of human inequality as a direct measure of inequality which is
an unweighted average of inequalities in three dimensions. For more details see technical note 2.
Cameroons HDI for 2013 is 0.504. However, when the value is discounted for inequality, the HDI falls to
0.339, a loss of 32.8 percent due to inequality in the distribution of the dimension indices. Ghana and
Madagascar show losses due to inequality of 31.3 percent and 30.5 percent respectively. The average
loss due to inequality for low HDI countries is 32.6 percent and for Sub-Saharan Africa it is 33.6 percent.
The Human inequality coefficient for Cameroon is equal to 32.4 percent.
Table C: Cameroons IHDI for 2013 relative to selected countries and groups
Cameroon
Ghana
Madagascar
Sub-Saharan Africa
Low HDI
IHDI
value
Overall
loss (%)
0.339
0.394
0.346
0.334
0.332
32.8
31.3
30.5
33.6
32.6
Human
inequality
coefficient (%)
32.4
31.2
30.3
33.5
32.4
Inequality in life
expectancy at
birth (%)
39.4
30.8
24.8
36.6
35.0
Inequality
in income
(%)
23.1
27.2
36.1
28.1
23.9
Inequality in
education (%)
34.8
35.6
30.1
35.7
38.2
Cameroon
Ghana
Sub-Saharan
Africa
Low HDI
GII
value
GII
Rank
Maternal
mortality
ratio
Adolescent
birth rate
Female
seats in
parliament
(%)
Population with at
least some
secondary
education (%)
Female
Male
21.1
34.9
45.2
64.7
0.622
0.549
136
122
690.0
350.0
115.8
58.4
16.1
10.9
0.575
474.0
110.0
21.7
24.2
0.586
427.0
91.1
20.0
15.2
Labour force
participation rate
(%)
Female
63.6
67.2
Male
76.7
71.2
32.6
63.6
76.4
29.1
55.7
78.4
expected years of schooling for children and mean years for adults aged 25 years and older); and
command over economic resources (measured by female and male estimated GNI per capita). For details
on how the index is constructed refer to Technical Note 4. Country rankings are based on absolute
deviation from gender parity in HDI. What this means is that ranking takes into consideration inequality in
favour of men or women equally.
The GDI is calculated for 148 countries. The 2013 female HDI value for Cameroon is 0.468 in contrast
with 0.537 for males, resulting in a GDI value of 0.872. In comparison, GDI values for Ghana and
Madagascar are 0.884 and 0.917 respectively (see Table E).
Table E: Cameroons GDI value and its components relative to selected countries and groups
Cameroon
Ghana
Madagascar
Sub-Saharan
Africa
Low HDI
Life expectancy
at birth
Expected years
of schooling
Mean years of
schooling
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
56.2
62.1
66.2
53.9
60.2
63.2
9.5
10.9
10.2
11.2
12.1
10.5
5.1
5.9
4.8
6.7
8.1
5.6
2,062
2,937
1,102
3,052
4,138
1,566
0.468
0.537
0.476
0.537
0.607
0.519
F-M
ratio
GDI
value
0.872
0.884
0.917
58.0
55.6
8.8
10.1
3.7
5.4
2,492
3,812
0.460
0.531
0.867
60.5
58.2
8.3
9.8
3.1
5.1
2,011
3,789
0.446
0.535
0.834
HDI values
Table F: The most recent MPI for Cameroon relative to selected countries
Population share (%)
Survey year
Cameroon
Ghana
Madagascar
2011
2011
2008/2009
MPI
value
0.260
0.144
0.420
Headcount
(%)
48.2
30.5
77.0
Intensity of
deprivations
(%)
54.1
47.3
54.6
Near
poverty
In
severe
poverty
Below
income
poverty
line
Health
Education
Living
Standards
17.8
18.7
11.7
27.1
12.1
48.0
9.6
28.6
81.3
31.3
27.1
24.5
24.5
27.7
31.6
44.2
45.2
43.9