Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Occupational
Therapy
OT 5 STR: TBI
January 2015
INTRODUCTION.
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is defined as damage to brain tissue caused by an
external mechanical force with resultant loss of consciousness, post-traumatic
amnesia, skull fracture or objective neurologic findings that can be attributed to
the traumatic even on the basic of radiologic findings or physical or mental status
examination.
Types of Brain Injury
Karen Abinsay
Jet Duria
Sheena Gazzingan
IV - B.S. Occupational
Therapy
OT 5 STR: TBI
January 2015
Sequelae
1. Neuromuscular Impairments
Abnormal tone
Sensory impairments
Motor function (motor
control and learning)
impairments
Impaired balance
Paresis/paralysis
2.
3. Cognitive impairments
Altered level of
consciousness/alertness
Memory loss
Altered orientation
Attention deficits
Impaired insight and safety
awareness
Problem solving/reasoning
awareness
Perseveration
Impaired executive
functioning
4.
5. Behavioral Impairments
Disinhibition
Impulsiveness
Physical and verbal
aggressiveness
Apathy
Lack of concern
Sexual inappropriateness
Irritability
Karen Abinsay
Jet Duria
Egocentricity
6.
7. Communication Impairments
Receptive aphasia
Expressive aphasia
Dysarthria
Impaired reading, writing
and pragmatics
8.
9. Visual-Perceptual Impairments
Damage to cranial nerves
or the occipital lobe can
cause visual impairments
Hemianopsia
Spatial neglect
Apraxia
Spatial relations syndrome
Right-Left discrimination
deficits
10.
11. Swallowing Impairments
Dysphagia
Damage to cranial nerves
Apraxia
12.
13. Indirect Impairments
Decreased bone density
Muscle Atrophy
Decreased endurance
Infection
Pneumonia
14.
Sheena Gazzingan
15.
16.
17.
18.
19. TBI Description
20. SEVE
RITY
24. MILD
28. MOD
ERAT
E
32. SEVE
RE
21. GLASGOW
COMA SCALE
25. 13-15
29. 9-12
22. LOSS OF
CONCIOUSN
ESS
26. <20 minutes-1hr
30. 1-24 hrs
23. POST
TRAUMATIC
AMNESIA
27. <24 hrs
31. >24 hrs 7
days
33. 3-8
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55. Sequence of recovery of function from coma
56. Eye opening Sleep Wake Cycle Follows Commands Speaks
IV.
ASSESSMENT:
79. 9
81. 1
0
62. DESCRIPTION
83.
84. Acute Stages of Recovery;
85. Assesses level of conciousness scale that includes 3 sections scoring eye
opening, motor, and verbal responses to vioce command.
86. Assesses cognitive function in severely impared adults and monitors change in in
non-comatose patients who are slow to recover.
90. Assesse 16 motor skills and 20 process skills evaluated within the context of
client-chosen IADL skills.
91. Provide comprehensive profile of visual perceptual and motor skills and involve
both motor-free and constructional functions.
92. Determines the level of cognitive support that a person needs to complete a
cooking task sucessfully.
93. Postacute Rehabilitation;
95. TREATMENT:
V.
OT INTERVENTION
Positioning
AROM, AAROM, PROM exercise
Sensory Stimulation
Splinting and Casting
Patient and Family Education and Support
97.
Optimize gross and fine motor functioning and abilities through meaningful tasks
and activities
Optimize visual-perceptual functioning and abilities through environmental
adaptations, compensatory techniques, and assistive devices such as low-vision
aids
Maximize cognitive functioning and abilities with compensatory or remedial
strategies that optimize the areas of orientation, attention, and memory
Increase independence in ADL and IADL
Patient and family edecutaion and support
Community reintegration
Maximize cognitive abilities in natural environments by teaching compensatory
and adaptive cognitive strategies
Environmental modifications and adaptive equipment
Restore competence in ADL and IADL
Participation in previous or new leisure activities
Patient and family education and support