Compare with JEE 2014 RankersDiscuss FeedbackView test analytics and time manage

ment reportView Solutions and Conceptual Weaknesses

Chapterwise Analysis for Conceptual Revision
Did you attempt the chapters you were strongest at first? Check the chapterwise
analysis to find out.Click on chapters to get concept level feedback.Want more p
ractice? Improve speed and accuracy by chapter, only atembibe.com
Chapters I got wrong
Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current1 wrong answer out of 2 attemp
ted Thermodynamics and Thermochemistry1 wrong answer out of 2 attempted Electros
tatics1 wrong answer out of 2 attempted Magnetism1 wrong answer out of 2 attempt
ed Coordination Compounds1 wrong answer out of 2 attempted Motion in Two Dimensi
on and Projectile Motion1 wrong answer out of 1 attempted Practical and Environm
ental Chemistry1 wrong answer out of 1 attempted Gaseous State1 wrong answer out
of 1 attempted Solution (General and Colligative Properties)1 wrong answer out
of 1 attempted Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity1 wrong answer out of 1 attempte
d Atomic Structure1 wrong answer out of 1 attempted Periodic Properties1 wrong a
nswer out of 1 attempted Chemical Bonding1 wrong answer out of 1 attempted Redox
and Volumetric Analysis1 wrong answer out of 1 attempted Atomic Structure in Mo
dern Physics1 wrong answer out of 1 attempted Haloarenes and Phenols1 wrong answ
er out of 1 attempted D-Block and F-Block Elements1 wrong answer out of 1 attemp
ted Chemical Kinetics1 wrong answer out of 1 attempted Matrices and Determinants
1 wrong answer out of 1 attempted Properties of Triangle/Solution of Triangles1
wrong answer out of 1 attempted Binomial Theorem1 wrong answer out of 1 attempte
d Classification and Nomenclature1 wrong answer out of 1 attempted
Chapters I got right
Three Dimensional Geometrical System3 right answers out of 3 attempted Laws of
Thermodynamics3 right answers out of 3 attempted Circle2 right answers out of 2
attempted Differentiation and Application of Derivatives2 right answers out of 2
attempted P-Block Elements2 right answers out of 2 attempted Conic Sections2 ri
ght answers out of 2 attempted Electric Current1 right answer out of 1 attempted
Motion in One Dimension1 right answer out of 1 attempted Carbonyl Compounds1 ri
ght answer out of 1 attempted Photo-Electric Effect and Electromagnetic Waves1 r
ight answer out of 1 attempted Properties of Matter and Fluid Mechanics1 right a
nswer out of 1 attempted Definite Integration1 right answer out of 1 attempted H
eat Transfer1 right answer out of 1 attempted Complex Numbers1 right answer out
of 1 attempted Isomerism1 right answer out of 1 attempted Biomolecules and Polym
ers1 right answer out of 1 attempted Alcohol and Ether1 right answer out of 1 at
tempted Rotation1 right answer out of 1 attempted Nitrogen Compound and Aliphati
c Amines1 right answer out of 1 attempted Probability1 right answer out of 1 att
empted Gravitation1 right answer out of 1 attempted Limits, Continuity and Diffe
rentiability1 right answer out of 1 attempted Reflection1 right answer out of 1
attempted Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current1 right answer out of
2 attempted Thermodynamics and Thermochemistry1 right answer out of 2 attempted
Electrostatics1 right answer out of 2 attempted Magnetism1 right answer out of
2 attempted Coordination Compounds1 right answer out of 2 attempted
Chapters not attempted
Three Dimensional Geometrical System1 not attempted out of 4 questions Point an
d Straight Line4 not attempted out of 4 questions Circle1 not attempted out of 3
questions Conic Sections1 not attempted out of 3 questions Electric Current2 no
t attempted out of 3 questions Definite Integration2 not attempted out of 3 ques
tions Application of Derivatives2 not attempted out of 2 questions Heat Transfer
1 not attempted out of 2 questions Binomial Theorem1 not attempted out of 2 ques
tions Limits, Continuity and Differentiability1 not attempted out of 2 questions
Biomolecules and Polymers1 not attempted out of 2 questions Atomic Structure1 n
ot attempted out of 2 questions Solution (General and Colligative Properties)1 n
ot attempted out of 2 questions Nuclear and Surface Chemistry1 not attempted out
of 1 question S-Block Elements, Hydrogen and its Compounds1 not attempted out o
f 1 question Chemical Equilibrium1 not attempted out of 1 question Properties of
Triangles1 not attempted out of 1 question Alkanes, Alkenes and Alkynes1 not at
tempted out of 1 question Electrochemistry1 not attempted out of 1 question Vect

or1 not attempted out of 1 question Refraction1 not attempted out of 1 question
Functions1 not attempted out of 1 question Measure of Central Tendency and Dispe
rsion1 not attempted out of 1 question Light Waves1 not attempted out of 1 quest
ion Semiconductors and Electronics1 not attempted out of 1 question Center of Ma
ss and Momentum Conservation1 not attempted out of 1 question Transverse and Lon
gitudinal Waves1 not attempted out of 1 question Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)1 n
ot attempted out of 1 question Work, Power and Energy1 not attempted out of 1 qu
estion
Questionwise Analysis for Detailed Revision
Click on each question to see the quality of your attempt.Watch the detailedvide
o solutionsto really understand the problem.Watch out for speed tips!
Physics
Sl.no
Question
Chapter
Key Concepts
Level Attempt
Tip
Result View
1
Six wires of current I1 = 1A, I2 = 2A, I3 = 3A, I4 = 1A, I5 = 5A and I6 = 4A cut
the page perpendicularly at the points 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 respectively as shown in
the figure. Find the value of integral ?B? .dl? around the closed path.
Magnetism
Ampere's Circuital Law 4
2
Half-life of a radioactive substance A is 4 days. The probability that, from a
given sample a nucleus will decay in two half-lives is
Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity
Radioactivity
5
3
A block of mass m is connected rigidly with a smooth wedge (plank) by a light s
pring of stiffness k. If the wedge is moved with constant velocity v0, find the
work done by the external agent till the maximum compression of the spring.
Work, Power and Energy Work Energy Principle
7
4
Three capacitors each of capacity 4 F are to be connected in such a way that the
effective capacitance is 6 F. This can be done by
Electrostatics Capacitors in Series & Parallel 5
5
If an elevator is going upward with an acceleration a = g/4 and a ball is releas
ed from rest relative to the elevator at a distance h1 above the floor. The spee
d of the elevator at the time of ball release is v0. Then the bounce height h2 o
f the ball with respect to the elevator is (the coefficient of restitution for t
he impact is e)
Motion in One Dimension Collision
5
6
Three charges Q, +q and +q are placed at the vertices of a right angle triangle
( isosceles triangle ) as shown. The net electrostatic energy of the configurati
on is zero, if Q is equal to
Electrostatics Potential energy
5
7
A particle is projected vertically upwards with a velocity u, from a point O. Wh
en it returns to the point of projection, which of the following is incorrect ?
Motion in Two Dimension and Projectile Motion Average velocity, Average speed
5
8
An inverted bell lying at the bottom of lake 47.6 m deep has 50 cm3 of air trapp
ed in it. The bell is brought to the surface of the lake. The volume of the trap
ped air will be (atmospheric pressure = 76 cm of Hg and density of Hg = 13.6 g/c
m3)

Laws of Thermodynamics Gas laws, Measurement of pressure

9
An electron is in an excited state in a hydrogen like atom. It has a total energ
y of -3.4 eV. The kinetic energy is E and its de Broglie wavelength is ?. Then
Atomic Structure in Modern Physics
Matter wave or de-broglie wave 5
10
A clock which keeps correct time at 25oC has a pendulum made of brass whose coef
ficient of linear expansion is 0.000019 oC-1. How many seconds a day will it ga
in if the temperature falls to 0oC.
Heat Transfer Second pendulum, Thermal Expansion
6
11
Two blocks each of mass m, lie on a smooth table. They are attached to two othe
r masses as shown in figure. The pulleys and strings are light. An object O is k
ept at rest on the table. The sides AB and CD of the two blocks are made reflect
ing. The acceleration of two images formed in those two reflecting surfaces with
respect to each other is
Reflection

Pulley Problems, Relative motion in 1-dimension

, Reflection from Plane Surface ( or Plane Mirror)

6
12
A body executing S.H.M. has amplitude 5 cm and frequency 5 vibrations per second
. Calculate the displacement after 0.32 s
Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)
Displacement : 5
13
Two cylindrical rods of uniform cross-sectional area A and 2A, having free elect
rons per unit volume 2n and n respectively are joined in series. A current I flo
ws through them in steady state. Then the ratio of drift velocity of free electr
on in left rod to drift velocity of electron in the right rod is (VLVR) is:
2n-?-In Electric Current
Current 3
14
A tuning fork vibrates with a frequency of 256 Hz. If the speed of sound is 345.
6 m s-1, find the wavelength and the distance, which the sound travels during th
e time, the fork makes 60 vibrations
Waves Wave equation
5
15
A 4 F capacitor and a resistance of 2.5 M O are in series with 12 V battery. Find
the time after which the potential difference across the capacitor is 3 times t
he potential difference across the resistor. [ Given, ln (2) = 0.693 ]
Electric Current
Time constant
5
16
A hemispherical shell of mass m and radius R is hinged at point O and placed on
a horizontal surface. A ball of mass m moving with velocity u inclined at an ang
le ?=tan-1(12) strikes the shell at point A (as shown in the figure) and stops.
What is the minimum speed u if the given shell is to reach the horizontal surfac
e OP ?
Center of Mass and Momentum Conservation

Torque t ?

17
In the network shown in figure, determine V0 and ID. (Where, ID = Current flow i
n diodes)
Semiconductors and Communication System I-V Characteristics in forward and rever
se bias 6

18
A conducting circular loop is placed in a uniform magnetic field, B = 0.025 T wi
th its plane perpendicular to the direction of magnetic field. The radius of the
loop is made to shrink at a constant rate of 1 mm s-1. The induced emf when the
radius is 2 cm, is
Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current
Motional Electromotive F
orce
5
19
In Young's double slit experiment, how many maxima can be obtained on a screen (
including central maxima) on both side of the central maxima, if d=5?2 (where, ?
is the wavelength of light) ?
Light waves and Diffraction
Young's double slit experiment. 6
20
An iron wire AB of length 3 m at 0oC is stretched between the opposite walls of
a brass casing at 0oC. The diameter of the wire is 0.6 mm. What extra tension wi
ll be set up in the wire when the temperature of the system is raised to 40oC ?
Given abrass = 18 10 6 /K
airon = 12 10 6 /K
Yiron = 21 1010 N/m2
Heat Transfer Stress, Strain, Elastic Limit & Hooke's Law, Heat conduction thr
ough a rod, Young's modulus of elasticity
4
21
Find the equivalent resistance of the circuit between points A and B shown in di
agram : (each branch is of resistance = 1O)
Electric Current

Series/Parallel grouping of resisters

22
A nonconducting disc of radius R is rotating about an axis passing through its c
entre and perpendicular to its plane with an angular velocity ?. Charge q is uni
formly distributed over its surface. The magnetic moment of the disc is
Magnetism
Magnetic field of a moving point charge 4
23
An ideal monatomic gas is confined in a cylinder by a spring loaded piston of cr
oss-section 8 10-3 m2. Initially the gas is at 300 K and occupies a volume of 2.
4 10-3m3 and the spring is in its relaxed position. The gas is heated by a small
electric heater, the piston moves out slowly by 0.1 m. Calculate the final temp
erature of the gas and the heat supplied (in J) by the heater. The force constan
t of the spring is 8000 N/m and atmospheric pressure 1 105 N/m2.
Laws of Thermodynamics Gas laws
6
24
Electrons with de-Broglie wavelength ? fall on the target in an X-ray tube. The
cut-off wavelength of the emitted X-rays is
Photo-Electric Effect and Electromagnetic Waves Photoelectric Effect
4
25
A refrigerator is to maintain eatables kept inside at 9oC. The coefficient of pe
rformance of the refrigerator if room temperature is 36oC, is
Laws of Thermodynamics Refrigerator
3
26
There is a hole of area A at the bottom of cylindrical vessel. Water is filled u
p to a height h and water flows out in t seconds. If water is filled to a height
4h, it will flow out in time equal to
Properties of Matter and Fluid Mechanics
Bernoulli's equation
4

27
If the radius of the earth were to shrink by one percent, its mass remaining the
same, the acceleration due to gravity on the earth's surface would
Gravitation
Acceleration due to gravity, Differential of Standard Functions
5
28
Which of the following statement is false for the properties of electromagnetic
waves ?
Refraction
Electromagnetic Waves
3
29
A solid sphere of mass M and radius R is lying on a rough horizontal plane. A co
nstant force F = 4 Mg acts vertically at point P such that OP makes 60o with hor
izontal. Find the minimum value of coefficient of friction so that sphere starts
pure rolling
Rotation
Pure rolling
5
30
The magnetic flux through a circuit of resistance R changes by an amount ?? in a
time ?t. Then the total quantity of electric charge Q that passes any point in
the circuit during the time ?t is represented by
Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current
Magnetic flux
5
Chemistry
Sl.no
Question
Chapter
Key Concepts
Level Attempt
Tip
Result View
1
The correct stability order of the following resonance structures is ?
(i) H2C=N+=N(ii) H2C+-N=N(iii) H2C--N+=N
(iv) H2C--N=N+ Chemical Bonding
Resonance
5
2
How many EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) molecules are required to make a
n octahedral complex with a Ca2+
Coordination Compounds Structure in complexes, Bonding in co-ordination compoun
d, Aromatic Acids
5
3
An unknown alkyl halide (A) reacts with alcoholic KOH to produce a hydrocarbon (
C4H8) as the major product. Ozonolysis of the hydrocarbon affords one mole of pr
opanaldehyde and one mole of formaldehyde. Suggest which organic compound among
the following has the correct structure of the above alkyl halide (A)?
Haloarenes and Phenols Chemical Reaction
4
4
Nickel (Z = 28) combines with a uninegative mono dentate ligand X- to form a par
amagnetic complex [NiX4]2-.The number of unpaired electron(s) in the nickel and
geometry of this complex ion are, respectively
D-Block and F-Block Elements
Bonding in co-ordination compund
5
5
Which of the following facts about the complex [Cr(NH3)6]Cl3 is wrong?
Coordination Compounds Bonding in co-ordination compund, Spectrochemical Series
6
6
The number of s- and p-bonds in 5-oxohexanoic acid, respectively, is :
Classification and Nomenclature Chemical Properties
4
7
The correct order of EM2+/M values with negative sign for the four successive e
lements Cr, Mn, Fe and Co is
Periodic Properties
Electronic configuration of elements & perodic table

7
8
Consider the reaction 2NO(g)+O2(g)?2NO2(g) Predict whether the reaction is spont
aneous at 298 K. ?fG(NO)=86.69kJ/mol,?fG(NO2)=51.84kJ/mol
Thermodynamics and Ther
mochemistry
Gibb's Free Energy Change In Reaction, ? G react and k(equilibr
ium constant)
3
9
One mole of a non-ideal gas undergoes a change of state(2.0 atm, 3.0 L, 95 K) ?(
4.0 atm, 5.0 L, 245 K) with a change in internal energy, ?E=30.0 L-atm. The chan
ge in enthalpy (?H) of the process in L-atm is
Thermodynamics and Thermochemistry
Enthalpy (H)
4
10
The boiling point elevation constant for toluene (b.pt = 110.7oC) is 3.32 K mola
lity-1. The entropy of vaporization of toluene in JK-1 mole-1 is :
Solution (General and Colligative Properties) Elevation of Boiling Point (Ebul
lioscopy)
7
11
Which one of the following reactions of Xenon compounds is not feasible?
P-Block Elements
Preparation of Fluorine (F2)
7
12
The shape of XeF4 is :
P-Block Elements
Elements of Group 18
4
13
How many moles of KMnO4 are needed to oxidise a mixture of 1 mole each of FeSO4,
FeC2O4 and Fe2(C2O4)3 completely in acidic medium :
Redox and Volumetric Analysis
Equivalent Weight of OA/RA
7
14
Which of the following compounds display geometrical isomerism?
Isomerism
Structural isomerism and Stereoisomerism
2
15
The catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene by Ziegler method is
Biomolecules and Polymers
Biopolymers
3
16
(i) Tensile strength of vulcanised rubber is almost ten times more than raw rub
ber.
(ii) Elasticity of raw rubber is very high.
Choose the correct option.
Biomolecules and Polymers
17
Identify Z in the sequence,

Biopolymers

CH3CH2CH=CH2-?----HBr/H2O2Y-?---C2H5ONaZ
Alcohol and Ether
Preparat
ion of Ethers
3
18
Electrolysis of a solution of HSO-4 ions produces S2O--8. Assuming 75% current e
fficiency, what current should be employed to achieve a production rate of 1mol
of S2O--8 per hour ?
Electrochemistry
Faraday's Laws of Electrolysis 3
19
A real gas has equation of state P=RTVm-bT-aV3m (Vm is molar volume). Find a an
d b in terms of Vc and Tc. where Vc and Tc are critical constants of gas.
Gaseous State Critical Temperature , Critical Pressure, Molar Critical Volume
6
20

If the nitrogen atom had electronic configuration 1s7, it would have energy lowe
r than that of the normal ground state configuration 1s2 2s2 2p3, because the el
ectrons would be closer to the nucleus, yet 1s7 is not observed because it viola
tes
Atomic Structure
Quantum Numbers, Spin Quantum Number (s)
4
21
Ph-CH2-C=CH?YXPh-C=C-CH3 .
The reagents X and Y respectively are
Hydrocarbons: Alkanes, Alkenes and Alkynes
Chemical Properties of Alkynes
4
22
The first orbital of H is represented by : ?=1pv(1a0)3/2e-r/a0, where a0 is Bohr
's radius. The probability of finding the electron at a distance r, from the nuc
leus in the region dV is :
Atomic Structure
Shapes of orbital, Photo electric effect, Bohr's Model,
Special points for atomic spectra of H, Quantum Mechanical Model (The Schrodinge
r's Equation)
4
23
Following is the graph between log t1/2 and log a (a = initial concentration) fo
r a given reaction at 27oC. Hence, order is :

Chemical Kinetics
Order of reaction with t1/2 of the reaction, Electrolyti
c Cell 4
24
Amongst the following, the most basic compound is
Nitrogen Compound and Aliphatic Amines
5
25
Phenol associates in benzene to a certain extent to form dimer. A solution conta
ining 2.010-2 kg of phenol in 1.0 kg of benzene has its freezing point decreased
by 0.69 K. The degree of association of phenol is (Kf for benzene = 5.12 K kg mo
l-1)
Solution (General and Colligative Properties)
3
26
2311 Na is the more stable isotope of Na. Find out the process by which 2411 Na
can undergo radioactive decay.
Nuclear Chemistry
Artificial Radioactivity
4
27
The reagent with which both acetaldehyde and acetone react easily is
Carbonyl Compounds
4
28
Two organic compounds A and B both containing C and H yield on analysis, the sam
e percentage composition by weight, C=1213100; H=113100. Which among the following
will be the correct formula of the compounds 'A' and 'B' ? ('A' decolourises br
omine water but 'B' does not)
Practical and Environmental Chemistry Detection and identification of function
al group
6
29
When the same amount of zinc is treated separately with excess of sulphuric acid
and excess of sodium hydroxide, the ratio of volumes of hydrogen evolved is
S-Block Elements, Hydrogen and its Compounds
Hydrogen
5
30
20% of N2O4 molecules are dissociated in a sample of gas at 27C and 760 torr. Mi
xture has the density at equilibrium equal to:
Chemical Equilibrium
Law of Mass Action, Thermodynamics of a Chemical Equilib
rium
5

Mathematics
Sl.no
Question
Chapter
Key Concepts
Level Attempt
Tip
Result View
1
The line 3x+2y=13 divides the area enclosed by the curve, 9x2+4y2-18x-16y-11=0 i
nto two parts. Find the ratio of the larger area to the smaller area.
Definite Integration
Area of Curves given by Cartesian Equations
6
2
The equation of a circle C1 is x2+y2-4x-2y-11=0. A circle C2 of radius 1 unit ro
lls on the outside of the circle C1. The locus of the centre of C2 has the equat
ion
Circle Equation of circles in different forms 5
3
Let PQ and RS be tangents at the extremities of the diameter PR of a circle of r
adius r. If PS and RQ intersect at a point X on the circumference of the circle,
then 2r equals
Circle Equation of circles in different forms 5
4
If the fourth term of (x(11+log10 x)--------v+xv12)6 is equal to 200 and x > 1
, then x is equal to
Binomial Theorem
Binomial theorem , Important terms in the binomial expan
sion are
4
5
If for a ?ABC, cot Acot Bcot C>0 then the triangle is
Properties of Triangle/Solution of Triangles
Aspects of a triangle
6
6
If a? and b? be two perpendicular unit vectors such that x? =b? -(a? x? ) , t
hen |x? | is equal to
Vector Types of vector, Vector Triple Product 4
7
Find the least integral value of m, if (1+i1-i)m=1.
Complex Numbers Complex Numbers and Its Algebriac Operation
3
8
The equation of the smallest circle passing through the intersection of the line
x + y = 1 and the circle x2 + y2 = 9 is
Circle Equation of circles in different forms 5
9
If a3 + b6 = 2, then the maximum value of the term independent of x in the expan
sion of (ax1/3+bx-1/6)9 if
(a > 0, b > 0)
Binomial Theorem
Important terms in the binomial expansion are, Relation
Between A.M. , G.M. and H.M.
4
10
The value of ?10(?r=1n(x+r))(Sk=1n1x+k)dx is
Definite Integration
Definite Integration, Logarithmic Differentiation
6
11
The function f(x)=x3+?x2+5x+sin 2x will be an invertible function if ? belongs t
o
Functions
Trigonometric identities : , Quadratic equation 6
12
If the tangent and the normal to x2 - y2 = 4 at a point cut off intercepts a1 ,
a2 on the x-axis respectively and b1 , b2 on the y-axis respectively then the v
alue of a1a2 + b1b2 is
Conic Sections Equation of tangent to a hyperbola in 3 different forms (Point
form, Parametric form, Slope form), Equations of normals to a hyperbola in diffe
rent forms
6

13
The number of real values of k for which the lines x-k4=y-12=z+11 and x-(k+1)1
=y-1=z-12 are intersecting, is
Three Dimensional Geometrical System
Components of Vector is 3D
5
14
A line makes angles of 45o and 60o with the positive directions of x and y axes
respectively. Find the angle, which the line makes with the positive direction o
f z-axis.
Three Dimensional Geometrical System
Direction Cosines and Direction Ratios
3
15
Find the co-ordinates of the point which divides the line segment joining the po
ints (5,4, 2) and (-1,-2, 4) in the ratio ?-2 : 3.
Three Dimensional Geometrical System
Section Formulae in 3D 3
16
Find the third vertex of the triangle whose centroid is (7,-2, 5) and whose othe
r two vertices are (2, 6, -4) and (4,-2, 3).
Three Dimensional Geometrical System
Section Formulae in 3D 3
17
The vertices of a triangle are A(x1, x1 tan a), B (x2, x2 tan ) and C(x3,x3tan?)
. If the circumcentre of ?ABC coincides with the origin and H (a,b) be its ortho
centre, then ab is equal to
Point and Straight Line Imp. Points in a Triangle
4
18
?p/201-sin2x1+sin2x------vdx
Definite Integration Techniques of Integratio
n, Differential of Standard Functions, Definite Integration
5
19
The area of an expanding rectangle is increasing at the rate of 48 cm2/sec. The
length of the rectangle is always equal to the square of the breadth. At what ra
te the length is increasing at the instant when the breadth is 4.5 cm ?
Differentiation and Application of Derivatives Derivative as the Rate of Change
4
20
The following age group are included in the proportion indicated
Age Group
Relative Proportion in Population
12-17
0.17
18-23
0.31
24-29
0.27
30-35
0.21
36+
0.04
How many of each age group should be included in a sample of 3000 people to make
the sample representative?
Measure of Central Tendency and Dispersion
Mean
4
21
If ln(x+y)=2xy,theny'(0)=
Limits, Continuity and Differentiability
Differentiation of implicit Functions
4
22
Two vertices of a triangle are (3, -2) and (-2, 3) and its orthocentre is (- 6,
1). Then its third vertex is
Point and Straight Line Imp. Points in a Triangle, Angle between two lines
6
23
Let {?1,?2,?3,...... ,?k} be the set of third-order determinants that can be mad
e with the distinct nonzero real numbers a1, a2, a3, ...... , a9. Then
Matrices and Determinants
Minor and Cofactors of Determinant
6
24

If y = x and 3y + 2x = 0 are the equations of a pair of conjugate diameters of t

he ellipse x2a2+y2b2=1 then its eccentricity is
Conic Sections Equation of chord joining the points on the ellipse
5

25
Evaluate : Limx?0(1+x)4-1x
Limits, Continuity and Differentiability
L'Hospital's rule, Important terms in the binomial expansion are
5
26
ABCD is a square whose vertices A, B, C and D are (0, 0), (2, 0), (2, 2) and (0,
2) respectively. This square is rotated in the X - Y plane with an angle of 30o
in anticlockwise direction about an axis passing through the vertex A the equat
ion of the diagonal BD of this rotated square is..... If E is the centre of the
square, the equation of the circumcircle of the triangle ABE is.....
Point and Straight Line Slope of a line, Standard form of the equation of line
5
27
The probability that at least one of the events A and B occurs is 0.6. If A and
B occur simultaneously with probability 0.2, then P(A)+P(B)??is : (where A and B
mplements of A and B, respectively).
Probability
Mathematical definition of probability 4
28
Consider the straight line ax + by = c, where a, b, c? R+ this line meets the co
ordinate axes at A and B respectively. If the area of the ?OAB, O being origin,
does not depend upon a, b and c, then
Point and Straight Line Standard form of the equation of line, Geometric Progres
sion (G.P)
4
29
The tangent at P on the hyperbola x2a2-y2b2=1 meets one of the asymptote at Q.
Then the locus of the mid point of PQ is 4(x2a2-y2b2)=k, where k is.
Conic Sections Parametric equation of hyperbola, Equation of pair of tangents f
rom an external point to a hyperbola
5
30
If y=7x-x3 and x increases at the rate of 4 units per second, how fast is the sl
ope of the curve changing when x = 3?
Differentiation and Application of Derivatives Derivative as the Rate of Change
3
Embibe believes in you. Attempt more, score more!
Concepts in Practical and Environmental Chemistry
Detection and identification of functional group
(1 wrong in 1 attempt(s))
The following are the tests for the detection of the functional group.
(1) Flame test, (2) solubility test, (3) detection of extra elements (N, S, a
nd halogens), (4) confirmatory tests for functional group if no extra elements a
re present, and (5) confirmatory tests for functional group if N is present.
1. Flame test : Heat the organic compound in the flame with the help of a cle
an glass rod and observe the flame, if there is any smell of fumes, etc.
Table 2.2 Observation and inference
S.No. Observation
Inference
1.
Non - smoky flame (blue flame) Aliphatic compound
2.
Smoky (luminous or sooty) flame Aromatic compound
3.
Smell of NH3
Amide may be present
4.
Irritating fumes or smell
Carboxylic acid
5.
Fumes causes caughing sensation Aromatic acid
6.
Charred residue (black) Carbohydrates, tartaric acids
2. Solubility Test : Dissolve the compound in H2O, dilute NaOH, and conc. H2SO4

. Take 0.1 gm of the compound or 1 - 2 drops of the compound (if it is liquid) a

nd add 2 ml of H2O. warm if necessary, and record the observation.
Repeat the same test in a separate test tube with dil. NaOH and then with
conc. H2SO4, and record the observation.
Table : 2.3. Observation and inference
S.No. Observation
Inference
1.
Solubility in H2O
a. Soluble in cold or hot H2O
b. Immiscible with H2O The compound forms a lower layer (i.e., it is heavier th
an H2O).
c. Immiscible with H2O : The compound forms an upper layer (i.e., it is lighte
r than H2O).
Lower aliphatic acids, aldehydes, ketones, or alcohols, phenols, carboh
ydrates, amides
Aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers, esters, etc.
2.
Solubility in dil. NaOH (boil it)
a. NH3 evolved on boiling
b. A clear solution is formed
c. A clear solution is formed on boiling
d. Colour appears which darkens on heating
Amides or urea
Acids or phenols
Acid anhydrides and chlorides
Monohydric phenols or carbohydrates
3.
With conc. H2SO4
a. Remains insoluble
b. Pale yellow or red colouration
c. Chars immediately with the evolution of gases
d. Blackening with pungent smell
e. Evolves CO which burns with a blue flame
Aromatic hydrocarbons
Naphthalene, polyhydric phenols
Carbohydrates, tartaric acid
Glycerine
Oxalic acid or formic acid
3. Detection of extra elements (N, halogens, and S) :
Test for Halogen:
Halogens present in an organic compound forms sodium halide on fusion with sodiu
m metal. Sodium halide extracted with water can be easily identified by adding s
ilver nitrate solution after acidifying with dil. HNO3.
If chlorine is present, a white curdy precipitate soluble in ammonium hydroxide
solution is formed.
Na + Cl ? NaCl
NaCl + AgNO3 ? AgCl + NaNO3
If bromine is present, an yellowish white precipitate sparingly soluble in ammon
ium hydroxide solution is formed.
Na + Br ? NaBr
NaBr + AgNO3 ? AgBr + NaNO3

If iodine is present, an yellow precipitate insoluble in ammonium hydroxide solu

tion is formed.
Na + I ? NaI
NaI + AgNO3 ? AgI + NaNO3
Test for Nitrogen:
The carbon and nitrogen present in the organic compound on fusion with sodium me
tal gives sodium cyanide (NaCN) soluble in water. This is converted in to sodium
ferrocyanide by the addition of sufficient quantity of ferrous sulphate. Ferric
ions generated during the process react with ferrocyanide to form prussian blue
precipitate of ferric ferrocyanide.
Na + C + N ? NaCN
6NaCN + FeSO4 ? Na4[Fe(CN)6] + Na2SO4
Na4[Fe(CN)6] + Fe3+ ? Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3
Test for Sulphur:
If sulphur is present in the organic compound, sodium fusion will convert it int
o sodium sulphide. Sulphide ions are readily identified using sodium nitroprussi
de.
Na + S ? Na2S
Na2S + Na2[Fe(CN)5NO] ? Na4[Fe(CN)5NOS]
Test for both Nitrogen and Sulphur:
If both nitrogen and sulphur are present in an organic compound, sodium fusion w
ill convert it into sodium thiocyanate which then react with Fe3+ to form blood
colour complex [Fe(SCN)]2+
Na + C + N + S ? NaSCN
Fe3+ + 2Na ? [Fe(SCN)]2+
Note: If the Lassaigne's extract containing excess of sodium metal, sodium cyani
de and sulphides are formed instead of sodium thiocyanate.
NaSCN + 2Na ? NaCN + Na2S
Here in this type of cases, both sulphur and nitrogen are to be identified in se
parate tests.
4. Detection of functional group if no extra element is present : The various
monofunctional groups that may be present are

iii) Arenes (Ar - R)

iv) Aldehydes (-CHO)

vi) Alcohols (R - OH)

vii) Phenols (Ar - OH)
viii) Carboxylic acids (R - COOH)
ix) Esters (RCOOR)
I. Unsaturation test for alkenes and alkynes : They decolourise Br2/CCl4 or Br
2H2O or alkaline KMnO4 solution (Baeyer's reagent).

iii)

2KMnO4Purple colour+H2O-?-2KOH+2MnO2Brownishblack ppt.+3[O]

HC=CH+H2O+4[O]?HOOC-COOH
iv) Alkenes can be distinguished from terminal alkynes by tollens or fehling's
solution. Terminal alkynes give white precipitate with Tollens reagent and red p
recipitate with Fehling's solution.

II. a. Alcoholic group : Alcohols give red colour due to the formation of a
complex with ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN).
2ROH+(NH4)2[Ce(NO3)6]CAN-?-2NH4NO3+[(ROH)2Ce(NO3)4]Red Complex
b. Sodium metal test : Dry alcohols on reaction with Na give effervescence due
to the liberation of H2 gas.
2ROH+2Na?2RONa+H2?
c. Acetyl chloride test : 1o and 2o alcohols react with acetyl chloride (MeCO
Cl) with the evolution of HCl, which gives white fumes of NH4Cl with NH4OH.

HCl+NH4OH-?-NH4Cl+H2OWhite fumes
d. Test distinguishing 1o, 2o, and 3o alcohols
I.

Lucas test [Anhydrous ZnCl2 + Conc. HCl (1 : 1)]

1o alcohol
RCH2OH-?-HClZnCl2No reaction at room temperature
2o alcohol

R2CHOH-?----ZnCl2+HClR2CH-Cl, white turbidity after 5 - 10 minutes

3o alcohol
R3C-OH-?----ZnCl2+HClR3C-Cl, white turbidity instantly
II. Victor Meyer's test
1o alcohol

2o alcohol

3o alcohol

III. a. Phenolic group : Phenols give characteristic colour with neutral FeC
l3 solution.

b. Litmus test : Phenols change moist blue litmus paper to red.

c. Liebermann's nitroso test : When phenol is heated with a few crystals of N
aNO2 and 1 ml of conc. H2SO4, a green or blue colouration develops. On dilution
with H2O, the colour changes to red. When an excess of NaOH solution is added to
the aqueous solution, the red colour changes to blue or green.
IV.

Carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones)

a. 2, 4 DNP (Brady's) test : Aldehydes and ketones give yellow or orange or

red colour crystalline compounds with 2, 4 - dinitrophenylhydrazine.

If Brady's test is positive, it indicates the presence of both aldehyde and ket
one. Then. Tollens test is performed. A positive Tollens test indicates the pres
ence of the aliphatic and aromatic aldehyde and a negative test indicates the pr
esence of ketone.
RCHO+2[Ag(NH3)2](OH)Toolens reagent-?-2Ag?Silver mirror+

RCOONH4+3NH3+3H2O

b. Fehling's test : Aliphatic aldehydes (not aromatic aldehydes) gives red pr

ecipitate with Fehling's solution {Cu(NH3)4] (OH)2}
RCHO+2Cu+2+5O?H-?-Cu2O(s)??Red ppt.+RCOO?+3H2O
RCHO+2Cu+2+5O?H-?-Cu2O(s)??Red ppt.+RCOO?+3H2O
c. Iodoform test : It is very useful for the identification of methyl ketones
(MeCOR), methyl carbinols ??MeC|OHH-R?? ethanol (MeCH2OH), and ethanal (MeCHO).
Heat the compound with KOH and I2. Appearance of yellow precipitate indicates th
e presence of groups as mentioned above.

V. Carboxylic group (Sodium bicarbonate test)

Carboxylic acid reacts with NaHCO3. A brisk effervescence due to the liberation
of CO2 indicates the presence of (-COOH) group.
RCOOH+NaHCO3?RCOONa+H2O+CO2?
VI. Ester group
a. Hydroxamic acid test : Esters react with hydroxylamine (NH2OH) to give hydr
oxamic acid, which gives red or purple colour with FeCl3.

b. Hydrolysis test : Esters undergo saponification reaction i.e., hydrolysed w

ith NaOH. The compound is heated with NaOH with a small amount of phenolphthalei
n.
The initial pink colour of the solution is discharged due to the formation of ac
id, since phenolphthalein shows pink colour in basic medium and is colourless in
acidic medium.
R-C||O-O-R'+NaOH-?-?R-C||O-ONa+R'OH
5. Detection of functional group if N is present : The various monofunctional
groups which may be present are :
i. 1o, 2o and 3o amines (RNH2, R2NH, R3N),
ii. Amide group (RCONH2),
iii. Nitro group.
i. 1o amines
a. Carbylamine test : 1o aliphatic and aromatic amines on heating with CHCl3
and KOH give an offensive smell due to the formation of carbylamine.

PhNH2Aniline+CHCl3+3KOH-?-Ph-N?=C?+3KCl+3H2O
2o and 3o aliphatic and aromatic amines do not give this test.
b. Nitrous acid test : 1o aliphatic amines on reaction with sodium nitrite and
dil. HCl liberate N2 gas with brisk effervescence and a clear solution is obtai
ned.
NaNO2+HCl-?-HNO2Nitrous acid+NaCl
R-NH2+HNO2?ROH+N2?+HCl
c. Azo - dye test : 1o aromatic amines on heating with NaNO2 and HCl give stab
le diazonium salts which couple with alkaline solution of - naphthol to give ora

nge - red azo dye.

d. 2o amines
Nitrous acid test : 2o aliphatic or aromatic amines on reaction with NaNO2 and d
il. HCl give yellow oil due to the formation of N - nitroso compound.

e. 3o amines
Nitrous acid test : 3o aliphatic amines do not give nitrous acid test, whereas
3o aromatic amines with give green or brown coloured precipitate with HNO2 due
to the formation of p - nitroso compound.
R3N+HNO2?No reaction.

f. Hinsberg test (1o and 2o amines) : Add dil. NaOH solution and benzene sulp
honyl chloride to the compound. The mixture is warmed and then conc. HCl is adde
d.
A clear solution in NaOH solution, which on acidification gives an insoluble mat
erial, indicates 1o amines.

A precipitate which is an insoluble compound (which is insoluble in NaOH solutio

n also) indicates 2o amines.

3o amines do not react with the reagent.

ii. Amide group : Amides are decomposed by NaOH solution liberating NH3 gas wh
ich gives white fumes with HCl.

iii. Nitro group : Aromatic nitro compounds are first reduced to (-NH2) group w
ith SnCl2 + conc. HCl or with Sn + HCl, which on reaction with nitrous acid form
s diazonium salts.
The stable diazonium salt forms orange - red azo dye with alkaline solution of naphthol.

Mulliken's test : The nitro compound is dissolved in alcohol and is reduced wit
h Zn/NH4Cl or CaCl2 solution and Zn dust, and boiled. It is then filtered, coole
d, and heated with ammoniacal AgNO3, white to grey and then black precipitate co
nfirms the presence of nitro group.
RNO2+4[H]-?--NH4ClZnRNHOH+H2O

ElementNitrogenSulphurHalogenNitrogenand sulphur togetherSodium Extract (S.E)Na+

C+N-?-?NaCN(S.E.)2Na+S-?-?Na2S(S.E)Na+Cl?NaCl(S.E)?Na+C+N+S-?-?NaCNS(S.E.)Confir
med TestS.E.+FeSO4+NaOHboil and cool,+FeCl3+conc.HCl Blue or green colour(i)S.E.
+sodium nitro prusside (A)A deep violet colour(ii)S.E.+CH3COOH+(CH3COO)2PbA blac
k ppt.S.E.+HNO3AgNO3(i)White ppt. soluble in aq. NH3confirms Cl(ii)Yellow ppt.pa
rtially soluble in aq. NH3confirm Br(iii)Yellow ppt.in soluble in aq.NH3confirms
IAs in test for nitrogen;instead of green or blue colour,blood redcolour,blood
redcolouration confirms presence of N and S bothReactionsFeSO4+2NaOH?Fe(OH)2+Na2
SO4Fe(OH)2+6NaOH?Na4[Fe(CN)6]+2NaOHNa4[Fe(CN)6]+FeCl3-?-HClFe4[Fe(CN)6]3+3NaClPr
ussian blue(i)NaS+Na[Fe(CN)5NO]?(A)Na[Fe(CN)5NOS]deep violet(ii)Na2S+(CH3COO)2Pb
-?----CH3COOHPbsblack ppt????2CH3COONaNaX+AgNO3-?-HNO3AgX???pptAgCl+2NH3white pp
t.(aq)?[Ag(NH3)2]solubleClNaCNS+FeCl?[Fe(CNS)]blood red colourCl2+NaCl